Distributed cash memory for wireless communication system

FIELD: wireless communication systems.

SUBSTANCE: in wireless system with multiple base radio stations, each base station services a portion of system. Cash memory is connected to each base station and stores files, regularly queried by remote block inside covered area of appropriate base station. When base station receives message from remote block, it analyzes message to determine, whether message contains a file query. If it does, base station determines, whether file is accessible from cash, or not. If it is, base station answers query by sending requested file from cash memory. If file is inaccessible, base station sends message to central controller, which receives file from appropriate server with content and presents it to base station.

EFFECT: decreased information delay time.

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The technical field

The invention relates in General to wireless communication systems, and in particular to the transmission of digital data in a wireless communications system.

Description of the prior art

The digital data transmission systems are becoming more common. For example, the Internet is commonly used to transmit digital data in the form of e-mail messages, web pages, sound, graphics and video information in a digital format between many users and servers. Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional system for transmitting digital data on the Internet. Cloud 10 (distributed network relay/packet switched Internet connects a large number of users and the server with the content. To gain access to the cloud 10 Internet provider 12 Internet service acts as a gateway between cloud 10 Internet users group 14A-14N.

When he passes "surf the web", the user has access to a sequence of web pages stored on multiple servers 8A-8N content, cloud-connected 10 the Internet. In the General case, the user requests a web page via the browser (browser). The viewer displays the web page using a set of protocols that define the Internet. For example, a viewer who uses the hypertext transfer Protocol (HyperText Transfer Protocol - HTTP) over transmission control Protocol/Internet Protocol (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) to launch the web page. In the process of removing the user must wait until the viewer will first make the query a domain name system Domain Name System (DNS) to locate the appropriate server with the content, and then separately requests and receives a set of objects that make up the web page.

Each HTTP request to the server with the contents opens a new TCP/IP connection. After the connection is established, the viewer user sends an HTTP request to a specific object hypertext markup language HyperText Markup Language (HTML). The delay experienced by the user, caused by the delay due to signal back and forth from HTTP timeout while Internet get all HTML objects that make up the file hypertext markup language HyperText Markup Language (HTML).

The content server may be located thousands of miles from the user. At such large distances, even if the message is capable of moving at the speed of light, a significant amount of time waiting to be accumulated with numerous delays from signal transmission to and fro, related to each object.

The HTML file is a file of digital data, which provide information program promo the RA, such as information to be displayed. In the General case, the HTML file contains a set of embedded HTML objects. For example, embedded objects may include Java applets, JPEG or GIF graphics, videos, or sound clips. For example, a typical web page, such as your home page directory YAHOO!®is the HTML file that defines a set of embedded objects, such as banner ads, banners, headers, logo, YAHOO!® and link buttons. When the entire web page, the browser program used by the users 14A-14N, separately request each of the embedded objects. Thus, the response time associated with the creation of a fully rendered web page, which includes the time required for obtaining as an HTML file, and all embedded objects associated with it.

To reduce the time delay of the system and to reduce the amount of data that is transferred between the Internet 10 and the supplier 12 Internet service in figure 1, the provider 12 Internet service can embed the cache 16 (scratchpad memory). In the General case, the cache 16 may be implemented as a high speed buffer or fast memory that can be accessed by the Central processor in the provider 12 Internet service. The cache 16 may be used to store HTML objects and other files, such as gr is specific files or sound clips, usually requested by the users 14A-14N. For example, the HTML file of the home page YAHOO!® a large number of users 14A-14N will be accessed daily. Thus, to avoid loading the HTML file YAHOO!® with its many embedded objects many times during the day, shared objects that make up the page may be stored in the cache 16 and retrieved from the cache 16 supplier 12 Internet service when requested by one of the users 14A-14N. As for the vendor 12 Internet service faster to extract the files from the cache 16, then through the Internet 10 from the 8 servers with the content, the waiting time experienced by a user is reduced.

When designing an effective system caching should be determined by several factors. For example, because the cache 16 has a finite memory capacity to store, supplier 12 Internet service must determine which HTML objects will be requested by the users 14A-14N often. Thus, the developed algorithms usage patterns, which define which HTML objects should be stored in the cache 16, based on the pattern of use for users 14A-14N. In addition, information in the cache 16 should be updated at regular intervals. For example, a web page that provides stock quotes approximately in real time, the Dol is to be updated every few seconds. Advertising banner, such as you can see on the home page, YAHOO!®should be updated every hour. Other information on the home page, YAHOO!®such as the morning headlines, can be updated once or twice a day. Other objects, such as the YAHOO!logo®can remain true over long periods of time. The algorithm usage pattern should also determine what HTML objects deserve caching, and which is updated with such frequency that does not deserve it. In addition, the algorithm usage pattern can be used to determine when the HTML object stored in the cache 16, should be removed and received again from the Internet 10 to update files.

Based on these factors, using an efficient algorithm usage pattern and cache a manageable size, it is reasonable to expect that approximately 60% of the data requested by the users 14A-14N may be stored in the cache 16. Even if the capacity of the cache storage 16 seriously increased, it is difficult to reach speeds of caching, more than 60%, based on current usage patterns of the Internet.

Provider 12 Internet service can be connected to the users 14A-14N using a variety of known methods. For example, a copper line, such as a standard directly connected to a standard analog telephone service (OATES) may used for the connection provider 12 Internet service to the remote unit 14A. Also developed cable modems and digital subscriber line (DSL) to increase the speed of data transfer in the connection between the ISP and the user.

Using modern methods of wireless communication, the provider 12 Internet service can be connected with one or more users 14A-14N using a wireless communication line instead of communication via a wired line. Usually end throughput wireless communication line, and also the limited wireless transmission speed of the communication line can cause additional delays in the transfer of data between the ISP and the user. In such a system benefits from reduced waiting time in other parts of the system become more pronounced as the total delay, which increases the response time perceived by users.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of a digital data transmission system of the prior art, which provides an Internet connection through a wireless communication line. In figure 2, the system is designed as a ground system. A number of radio base stations 20A-20N are distributed across the geographic area where the provider 12 Internet service Wi-Fi Internet access. Each base station 20A-20N provides wireless connectivity to remote and from users within their respective areas and physical coverage. For example, in figure 2, the users 14A-14N are shown as being within the coverage area of the base station 20A. Thus, when the remote unit requests the digital data, such as a web page, a request for a web page passes from the user 14 to an associated base station 20A. The base station 20A transmits the request to the provider 12 Internet service, creating additional delays. Provider 12 Internet service provides the requested information from the cache 16 or through the cloud 10 Internet from servers 8A-8N content, if HTML objects available inside the cache 16. The reverse process brings the object back to the user, involving additional delay. As noted above, the total delay associated with the transmission of a request over the wireless link, as well as other delays associated with the response to the query, can become unbearably long for the end user.

Therefore, in the prior art there is a long felt need to provide a means and method of providing effective access to digital data in a wireless communications system.

The invention

In a wireless system, containing a set of fields limited physical coverage, the base station provides services for wireless link to multiple users within one of the areas ogranicenog the physical coverage. The base station is connected to the ISP through a return line. The ISP is connected with a lot of content servers through a network of digital data. Each base station has an associated cache. This cache is used to store files and objects that are frequently requested by users within the limited physical coverage associated with the corresponding base station. When the user sends to the base station a message containing a request for a file or object, the base station analyzes the message. If the requested file or object is available from the cache, the base station sends the file or object to the user from the cache. In this case, the request does not need to send in a return line connection or network transmission of digital data, thereby significantly improving the response time of the wireless system.

Brief description of drawings

The features, objectives and advantages of the invention will be better understood from the detailed description below taken in conjunction with the drawings, in which similar elements are denoted by similar reference positions, and in which:

Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional system for transmitting digital data on the Internet.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of a digital data transmission system of the level of technology is key, providing Internet connection over the wireless link.

Figure 3 is a block diagram of a digital data transmission system that provides an Internet connection through a wireless communication line in accordance with the invention.

Figure 4 is a block diagram of the algorithm showing the operation in accordance with one implementation of the invention.

Detailed description of the invention

Figure 3 is a block diagram of one way of carrying out the invention. Figure 3 Central controller, such as provider 112 Internet service connected to the network transmission of digital data, such as cloud 100 Internet to provide a connection to the server group 98A-98N content. In addition, the provider 112 Internet service is connected with the base stations 114A-114N. In the General case, the provider 112 Internet service is connected with a number of base stations 114A-114N through a base station controller, as well as through a number of transmission lines digital data with high throughput.

Each base station A-114N provides the corresponding region of limited physical coverage through the use of items distributed antennas. In one embodiment, the base stations are terrestrial base station, such as used in conventional mobile wireless communication system or fixed wireless is telecommunication. In another implementation of the base station can be co-located with one another and can provide services in various areas of physical coverage by satellites, broadband fixed wireless or directional antennas. Users 118A-118N are located within the coverage area of base station A. The users 120A-120N are located in the coverage area of base station B. Users 124A-124N are located in the coverage area of base station 114N.

Each base station 114A-114N has a corresponding cache 116A-116N. Caches 116A-116N may be implemented as a high speed buffer or storage device that can access the router and the CPU inside the respective base stations A-114N. The cache 116 is used to store information frequently requested by users associated with the corresponding base station. The base station A may contain an algorithm usage pattern, which monitors the usage pattern of users 118A-118N within its respective coverage area to determine what files and objects should be stored in the cache 116A in accordance with known methods. In one embodiment, the cache 116 stores frequently accessed HTML files and objects. When a user, such as user 118A, requests the web is tronico, the corresponding base station, such as base station A, intercepts and analyzes a series of requests for files and objects, which are produced by the user 120. Thus, unlike the prior art, the base station A not just randomly skips requests from remote units to the ISP, but instead analyzes the contents of the query.

If one or more requested files or objects available within the cache 116A, the base station A responds by retrieving the file or object from the cache 116A and direction to the user 118A. Thus there is no need to pass the request to the provider 112 Internet service or in the cloud 100 Internet. If any of the requested file or object not available in the cache 116A, the base station A transmits a corresponding request to the provider 112 Internet service, which, in turn, can ignore the request to the cloud 100 Internet to one of the servers 98A-98N with the content. In one embodiment, the provider 112 Internet service also contains a cache 126 to which you may gain access provider 112 Internet service, and if the requested object is available in the cache 126, the provider 112 Internet service there is no need to retrieve a file from the cloud 100 Internet.

The configuration shown in figure 3, has many advantages. The connection between the service provider 112 services And the Internet and base stations A-114N referred to as the reverse link. In accordance with the current payment structures, the cost of the return line is a significant part of the cost of providing wireless network. By removing information from the cache 116A base station A do not need to pass the message on reverse line of communication to the provider 112 Internet service. Thus, the configuration shown in figure 3, reduces the load of the reverse link, thereby reducing the cost of providing wireless services. In addition, the throughput of the return line on a temporary basis may limit the ability of the wireless carrier to deploy a wireless system. By reducing the load return line communication media can work with the system through a return line connection with a low bandwidth, thereby reducing the throughput of the reverse link, required for deployment.

In addition, by binding cache 116A with a limited coverage area, the usage patterns of users will be more likely to correlate with each other. For example, a normal ISP provides coverage of a sufficiently large geographic region. More specifically, the ISP may provide coverage for the entire district, covering many hundreds of square is s miles contains several large and small cities and rural areas. In contrast, conventional terrestrial base station can provide coverage to approximately 3-100-square-mile coverage area. When a large region is divided into smaller areas increases the likelihood of correlation in the requested pages to the users. For example, the coverage area, which includes downtown, far more likely has a large number of users requesting legal, business, financial and tax information than the coverage area serving the territory of the College. The area of coverage, provide coverage for the area of residence of wealthy people, likely to have a higher concentration of requests for information regarding the next race than the coverage area representing services for the industrial area.

Thus, the algorithm usage pattern that selects files that are stored in the cache 116, likely able to increase the percentage of requests that can be served directly from the cache 116, and not through the cache 126 or servers 98 with the content. Thus, the configuration shown in figure 3, further reduces the traffic on the reverse link, as well as the waiting time perceived by the user.

In one embodiment, the basic is the first station performs pre-caching. Pre-caching occurs when a file or object is displayed and stored in the cache before the user requests it. For example, many users in the morning have access to Newspapers. Pre-caching can be used to put files and embedded objects associated with Newspapers, immediately after the release of their publishers early in the morning, when the query over the wireless system is minimal. In this case, early in the morning when users begin to access the Newspapers, at least a portion of the files and objects available from the cache. Caching in accordance with the invention also improves the efficiency achieved precaching. Residents of campus colleges can probably get access to a local newspaper or newspaper of the College, and not to a national newspaper. Business users are more likely to access business and financial Newspapers such as the Wall Street Journal. These regional characteristics are satisfied by the local cache according to the invention.

Another advantage associated with the configuration shown in figure 3, is that the wireless line is also works more effectively than in the prior art. If the wireless line is executed as a system of switching circuits when the user 118 makes a request to the base station, to do this remotely what about the block is allocated the resource as long until you accepted the answer. By reducing the waiting time associated with the response to the request, can be reduced resources wireless link is purchased by the user of the remote unit to request and receive response, thereby increasing the number of users that can be serviced at any one time.

Using modern methods of wireless communication, the speed with which data can be transmitted over the wireless line between the user 118 and the base station 114 may be faster than the rate at which the cloud 100 may provide information. Thus, when providing the information directly from the cache 116, the speed at which data is passed via a wireless line, should not be artificially reduced in order to cope with a lower transmission rate of the cloud 100 Internet. This, in turn, increases the overall throughput of the system so that the system can serve more users.

Figure 4 is a block diagram of the algorithm illustrating operation in accordance with one implementation of the invention. In block 140, the user requests a file or object. The user sends a request message to the base station over the wireless link. In block 142, the base station intercepts and parses the request. For example, BA the new station analyzes the contents of the query in the same way, as the Internet service provider, in accordance with known methods, to identify the message. The base station also determines whether the requested file or object from the cache of the base station or not. As noted above, in a preferred embodiment of the cache are co-located with the base station or specifically associated with the base station. In block 144, if the file or object is available from the cache, the base station sends the file or object to the user from the cache. The user accepts the file or object in block 146. Thus, the transition block 140 > block 142 > block 144 > back to block 146 provides a fast response to the user request without resource utilization of the reverse link resources of the Internet service provider or cloud-based resources digital data.

If the requested file or object is not available from the cache at the base station, in block 144, the base station sends a request to the ISP through a return line, as shown by the dashed line in figure 4. In response, in block 148, the ISP determines whether the requested file or object from the cache associated with the ISP. If applicable, in block 150, the ISP sends a file or object to the base station, as shown by the dashed line in figure 4. In block 152, the base station napravlyaemye or object to the remote unit. As shown by the dashed line, the user accepts the file or object in block 154.

If the file or object is not available from the cache associated with the ISP, in block 150, the Internet service provider requests a file or object from the server with the content through the cloud of the Internet, in accordance with known methods, as shown by the dashed line in figure 4. In block 156, the ISP takes the file or object and sends it to the base station, as shown by the dashed line in figure 4. The base station receives the file or object and unit 158 sends the file or object to the user. In block 160, the user accepts the file or object.

In parallel with the work, shown in figure 4, the algorithm usage pattern is performed at the base station. For example, in block 142, in which the base station intercepts and analyzes the request, the base station may also send the designation of the requested file or object in the algorithm template to use a template algorithm use in determining content associated cache.

In one embodiment, only the cache is associated with more than one position of the antennas. For example, two base stations can share the cache. In another implementation of some of base stations contain various sectors that provide the amount of services sub area limited physical coverage, associated with the base station. In this case, it may be provided only cache for use by users in each sector, or may be provided by one or more caches for use by users in a subset of the total number of sectors. In another embodiment, only a subset of the base stations within the wireless system has a local cache.

The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its essence or Central characteristics. The described implementation should be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention, therefore, is marked in the claims, and not by the description above. All changes that fall within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims should be included in the scope of the invention.

1. The method of wireless data transmission, including reception of messages by wireless link to the base station; identification of the requested file from the mentioned message to the base station; determining whether mentioned the requested file from the memory associated with the base station or not; the direction mentioned the requested file to the requesting remote unit, if the requested file is available at Omanthai memory; and the direction of the above-mentioned message to the Central controller, if the requested file is not available in said memory; receiving the above message from the base station is referred to the Central controller; the identification of the requested file from the mentioned message referred to the Central controller; determining whether mentioned the requested file from the memory associated with said Central controller, or not; the direction mentioned the requested file at the above-mentioned base station, if the requested file is available in said memory associated with said Central controller; and the direction of the above-mentioned message to the network, if the requested file is not available in said memory associated with referred to the Central controller.

2. The method according to claim 1, further containing a selection of files to store in said memory, based on the usage patterns of the requested files, adopted referred to the base station.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the base station provides services limited part of a wireless system.

4. Wireless system containing the set of base stations, each of which hosts the remote units located within the corresponding area of limited physical coverage, if e is ω each station of the said multiple base stations is referred to the corresponding region of limited physical coverage; a Central controller connected to each station from the said multiple base stations; a network connected with said Central controller and connected to each station from the said multiple base stations through the mentioned Central controller; a cache associated with the first base station from the said multiple base stations and storing the digital data received through said network; algorithm template is used to identify the said digital data stored in said cache; algorithm precache to identify the said digital data stored in said cache; in this case, when the said first base station receives a message from wireless user system requesting the file, and said file stored in said cache, referred to the first base station identifies the mentioned file from the above message, displays the mentioned file from the mentioned cache and sends the mentioned file is referred to the user of the wireless system.

5. The wireless system according to claim 4, in which each station of the said multiple base stations provides services for the above-mentioned respective area limited physical coverage through the use of satellite lines.

6. Wireless Internet throughout the water system according to claim 4, in which the said file is an embedded web object.

7. System for wireless transmission of data that contains the tool receiving messages over a wireless line, the base station; means for identifying the requested file from the mentioned message to the base station; means for determining whether mentioned the requested file from the memory associated with the base station or not; the tool direction mentioned the requested file from the base station requesting the remote unit, if the requested file is available from said memory; and means directions mentioned message to the Central controller, if the requested file is not available from said memory; means receiving the said message from the base station is referred to the Central controller; a means of identifying the requested file from the mentioned message referred to the Central controller; means for determining whether the referred to the requested file from the memory associated with said Central controller, or not; means the areas referred to the requested file at the above-mentioned base station, if the requested file is available in said memory associated with said Central controller; and means e.g. the effect mentioned messages in the network, if the requested file is not available in said memory associated with said Central controller.

8. The system according to claim 7, containing the file picker for storage in said memory, based on the usage patterns of the requested files, adopted referred to the base station.