Foundation structure for building and building structure
 Foundation structure for building and building structure / 2256033Foundation structure comprises shallow foundation and reinforcement members. Reinforcement members are made as vertical bars of precast or cast-in-place piles having diameters less than 200 mm and arranged along foundation perimeter. The piles are spaced a distance from outer foundation faces. The distance is equal to 0.1-0.5 of reinforcement member diameter. Distance between neighboring piles is equal to 2-4 reinforcement member diameters and reinforcement member length is 15-20 diameters thereof. |
 Method for highly-rigid panel foundation erection in clay ground / 2276708Method involves forming crossing slots in ground; reinforcing the slots with frames and concreting the slots. For panel foundation erection in clay ground pit is preliminarily dug in ground. Then crossing slots adapted for reinforcing frames receiving are created in pit ground, wherein the reinforcing frames have projected parts. Areas of reinforcing frames intersection are additionally reinforced along with connecting projected parts and concreting thereof to fill the slots. |
 Bored cast-in-place stepped foundation and erection method / 2286424Stepped foundation comprises bored cast-in-place sections formed with the use of auger. Lower foundation step includes four peripheral cylinders of Dp.l. diameters and heights equal to above diameters. Peripheral cylinder centers are located at apexes of square having side lengths equal to Dp.l.. Square center coincides with center of support. Central support abutting four peripheral cylinders of lower foundation step has four expanded parts with Dc.exp diameters determined as Dc.exp=(1.0-1.2)Dp.l. and cylindrical bore having diameter Dp.up determined as Dp.up=(0.6-0.8)Dp.l.. Foundation bottom is 0.7 m below ground surface. Foundation erection method involves forming drilled pile sections; serially drilling wells having daug.1 diameters as each peripheral cylinder having Dp.l. is forming; creating each peripheral cylinder having height equal to Dp.l. by supplying working material for above cylinder forming; filling remainder well section with ground material, particularly with ground excavated from above object. Auger having diameter, which provides necessary Dp.l. diameter is used. The auger provides usage of technological processes, which provides 1.05-1.1 increase of pile diameter in comparison with auger diameter daug.1 and 1.1-1.2 increase of ground pile diameter in comparison with daug.1 diameter. After four peripheral cylinders of lower foundation step creation well having daug.2 diameter is drilled by means of direct auger rotation and ground excavation to day surface. The well has center coinciding with central support center and depth selected so that the well reach tops pf peripheral lower step cylinders. Then lower expanded part of central support is formed, wherein the expanded part has expansion degree Bc.exp./daug.2 equal to 1.5-2.0. During cylindrical bore drilling the expanded part has expansion degree Dp.up/daug.2 equal to 1.2-1.5. |
 Method for shallow foundation erection / 2300603Method involves driving pair of members pivotally connected with each other and provided with single bevels at lower ends thereof in ground; digging-out trench; installing guiding member on trench bottom; forcing plate members in ground up to plate members abutting upon guiding member and closing of beveled upper ends thereof; installing the similar pair of members having lengths exceeding that of the first pair in trench; driving above pair in ground up to upper beveled ends closing; concreting the trench. |
 Method for highly-rigid plate foundation erection / 2303106Method involves excavating crossing trenches in ground; filling the trenches with concrete and joining thereof with slab covering the trenches. Trenches are excavated from pit bottom for different depths. Lower trench parts are provided with widened abutment sections having reinforcement bars included therein. The reinforcement bars are used as non-stretched threads. Trenches and slab are reinforced with nettings. Cell centers of the slab are anchored. |
 Shallow foundation for buildings to be overbuilt / 2320818Shallow foundation comprises support mats and foundation building blocks. Support mats have through orifices along mat perimeters. Upper parts thereof have extensions shaped as truncated cones and adapted to immerse piles in ground as load increases during structure overbuilding. |
 Foundation (variants) / 2320819Foundation comprises supports, sheath freely formed in ground inside area defined by foundation so that convexity thereof faces upwards and connected to supports by means of flexible ties. Cement mix layer, metal arch trusses and reinforced concrete layer are serially arranged on ground inside area defined by foundation. Metal sheets are laid on arch trusses and connected with each other through welded joints to create flexible sheath. Pre-stressed flexible ties inserted in through support orifices and provided with fixing anchors are placed over the sheath. In the second embodiment foundation comprises support, sheath freely arranged in ground inside area defined by foundation so that convexity thereof faces upwards and connected to supports by means of flexible ties. Ground mix layer reinforced with cement mix, metal sheets and reinforced concrete layer are serially located on ground inside area defined by foundation. Metal sheets are bent along predetermined profile and connected with each other to create sheath. Relaxed flexible ties inserted in through support orifices and provided with fixing anchors are placed over the sheath. |
 Technique for erecting solid core foundation slab / 2325483Invention pertains to construction and can be used when erecting buildings with considerable loading on a compressed clay bed. The technique for erecting a solid core foundation slab with closed vertical walls, directed downwards, involves designing a foundation pit, trenches, reinforcing them with frames and filling with concrete, and joining the surface with a slab. The trenches are dug from the bottom of the foundation with different depths. The trenches are then joined, thereby forming several closed contours, whose depth increases from the central part of the slab to the edges. The technical outcome is increase in strength of the foundation slab due to effect of the square shaped closed edges in the ground. |
 Heat-insulated footing / 2333319Invention refers to constructions on heaving soils. House footing based on freezing through soils includes a rigid body with flanges and indents from soil side, footing indent inserts made of heat-insulating material, e.g. polystyrene foam at such ratio of flange and footing indent areas that soil pressure from the lower flange surface is not less than standard pressure of frost soil heaving, soil pressure from the lower insert surface is not exceeding design compression resistance of insert material. Also, the said footing contains supplementary heat insulation laid outside of the footing. The upper edge of supplementary heat insulation is passed from external edge of the footing in the form of interrupted inserts through rigid body of the footing and connected to supplementary heat insulation of opposite external edge of the footing. Relative area of interrupted inserts (β=Aint.ins./A0) is given by the relation β≤1-σmax/R, where Aint.ins. is sectional area of interrupted inserts, m2, A0 is gross sectional area of the footing within inserts arrangement regions, m2, σmax is maximum external load pressure in footing material, MPa, R is design resistance of footing material, MPa. Indents and flanges of the footing from soil side are alternating along footing length. Indents centres from soil sides are provided under interrupted inserts centres of supplementary heat insulation from each external edge of the footing. |
 Basement structure / 2334050Invention refers to construction of the basements of buildings. The basement structure of a building includes heat - and waterproofing layer (17, 18, 40) which is laid on a flat horizontal surface (51) layer of the material breaking capillary action. The basement structure includes a frame (31) which surrounds specified heat - and waterproofing layer (17, 18, 40), at least, in its top part, thus fixing integrity of basement structure in a horizontal plane and which serves for punctiform bracing of the building supported by basement structure. The specified basement structure is encapsulated with foil (111) from a metal material. |
|
Foundation structure for building and building structure / 2256033 Foundation structure comprises shallow foundation and reinforcement members. Reinforcement members are made as vertical bars of precast or cast-in-place piles having diameters less than 200 mm and arranged along foundation perimeter. The piles are spaced a distance from outer foundation faces. The distance is equal to 0.1-0.5 of reinforcement member diameter. Distance between neighboring piles is equal to 2-4 reinforcement member diameters and reinforcement member length is 15-20 diameters thereof. |
 Turbogenerator foundation slab / 2261956Foundation slab comprises stator body base including support part connected with foundation. Arranged between support part and foundation is damping panel including reinforcement formed as vertical rods. Foam plastic member is put on the vertical rods and grouted with concrete grout. Vertical rods are connected one to another in horizontal plane with wire arranged at least in two levels in vertical plane of damping panel. Vertical rods extend through support part, pass into stator body base and into foundation. |
 Vibroinsulated foundation / 2281998Vibroinsulated foundation comprises bath and foundation block arranged in the bath so that the foundation block is spaced from bath walls and bottom. The foundation block is higedly connected with bumpers, which in turn are attached to foundation block by means of hinged lever. The lever connects foundation block with support member of bumper. The bumper has pendulum suspension means and comprises compression spring cooperating with the base and with the pendulum suspension means. The pendulum suspension means is made as threaded rod connected to spherical washer formed on one end thereof and with threaded bush also attached to spherical washer end not connected with threaded rod. The spherical washers cooperate with not less than 3 balls located on conical surfaces of support members and cooperating with upper spring end and object to be protected against vibration correspondingly. Buffer limiting elastomeric members are installed in base. |
 Foundation supported by vibroprotective members / 2281999Vibroinsulated foundation comprises bath and foundation block arranged in the bath so that the foundation block is spaced from bath walls and bottom. The foundation block is higedly connected with bumpers, which in turn are attached to foundation block by means of hinged lever. The lever connects foundation block with support member of bumper. Bumper has resilient member formed as two serially connected elastic resiliently-damping members divided with washer. Pendulum suspension means of the bumper is made as threaded pin having the first end connected to hinged lever and the second end connected to nut and thrust washer, which are connected to bush. The bush is attached to resilient member. The thrust washer is made of resilient material. Resiliently-damping member is formed as pleached strands or tangled wires. |
 Foundation supported by disk springs / 2282000Vibroinsulated foundation comprises bath and foundation block arranged in the bath so that the foundation block is spaced from bath walls and bottom. The foundation block is higedly connected with bumpers, which in turn are attached to foundation block by means of hinged lever. The lever connects foundation block with support member of bumper. The bumper has pendulum suspension means made as threaded rod with spherical profile on one rod end and threaded bush also having spherical profile. Both spherical profiles cooperate with conical surfaces of upper and lower plates correspondingly. Resilient member is made as serially connected resilient discs connected with outer bush surface along inner disc diameters. One bush end is fixedly secured to the base, another bush end is slidably installed in guiding bush. |
 Vibroinsulated foundation supported by disk springs / 2282001Vibroinsulated foundation comprises bath and foundation block arranged in the bath so that the foundation block is spaced from bath walls and bottom. The foundation block is higedly connected with bumpers, which in turn are attached to foundation block by means of hinged lever. The lever connects foundation block with support member of bumper. The bumper has pendulum suspension means made as threaded rod with spherical profile on one rod end and threaded bush also having spherical profile. Both spherical profiles cooperate with conical surfaces of upper and lower plates correspondingly. Resilient member is made as serially connected resilient disc means formed as disc springs connected with each other along outer diameters by means of ring having T-shaped profile and along inner diameters by means of ring having inner surface cooperating with outer bush surface. One bush end is fixedly secured to the base, another bush end is slidably installed in guiding bush. |
 Vibroinsulated foundation supported by ring springs / 2283398Vibroinsulated foundation comprises bath, foundation block arranged in the bath so that the foundation block is spaced from bath walls and bottom and is pivotally connected to vibroinsulators. Each vibroinsulator is attached to foundation block by means of pivoted lever, which connects foundation block with support member of vibroinsulator. Each vibroinsulator has pendulum hanger made as threaded rod with spherical profile on one end thereof and comprises threaded bush fastened to the rod and having spherical profile. Both spherical profiles cooperate with conical surfaces of support vibroinsulator member and upper conical bush correspondingly. The resilient member of vibroinsulator is made as a number of serially connected resilient elements secured to bush along outer diameters thereof. The bush is fixedly connected to vibroinsulator base. Inner resilient element diameters are attached to bush, which encloses rod. One bush end abuts the last resilient element, another end cooperates with upper conical bush. Each annular resilient element may be formed as at least two flat resilient coaxial rings, namely inner and outer ones, which are fastened with each other by at least three resilient flat plates or resilient rods having round or polygonal sections. Each annular resilient element may be formed of at least two flat coaxial resilient rings, namely of upper and lower ones, connected with each other by at least three resilient flat plates, which are inclined to ring axes, or resilient rods having round or polygonal sections. |
 Foundation on vibroprotective elements / 2383686Invention is related to means of protection against hazardous effect of vibration and may be used in construction, in particular in arrangement of vibration-insulated foundations for machines and equipment with dynamic loads. Foundation on vibroprotective elements comprises bath, foundation unit arranged in it with clearance versus walls and bottom and hingedly joined to vibration isolators installed in bath bottom. Vibration isolators are joined to foundation unit by means of hinged lever, which connects foundation unit to support element of vibration isolator, which comprises elastic element, body and pendulum suspension. Body is arranged in the form of box with lower base and upper plate with hole for threaded pin of pendulum suspension, which are connected to each other by three side ribs, with creation of window for accommodation of support lever, on which vibration-insulated object is arranged. Elastic element is arranged in the form of three serially connected elements: elastic ones and elastic-damping element arranged in between. Elastic elements with one of their bases are installed in bushes, which are fixed accordingly on upper plate of body and cover, and rest against washers with their other bases, and washers are joined with elastic-damping element. Pendulum suspension is arranged in the form of threaded pin, which is connected by one end to support lever for fixation of vibration-insulated object, and by other end - to nut and thrust washer, which is joined to cover attached to elastic element. Elastic-damping element is arranged in the form of steel-wire weaving or metal thread waste. |
 Method for erection of monolithic foundation for nuclear power plant and arrangement of nuclear power plant foundation / 2390610Inventions relate to the field of foundation engineering of deep burial for important objects, such as nuclear power plants. Method for erection of nuclear power plant foundation consists in engineering-geological survey with detection of soil foundation layers depth, which complies with depth of active compressing thickness H, its physical-mechanical properties: angle φ of inner friction, c - specific adhesion, γ - density, E0 - module of common deformation, µ0 - coefficient of Poisson, which correspond to design elastic compressing load |
 Method for erection of foundation for machines and arrangement of foundation for machines / 2392386Method for erection of foundation under machines consists in deepening of massive reinforced concrete foundation foot of rectangular or prismatic shape in plan into ground base by ≥¼ of its height, but at least 1 m, its hydraulic insulation against hazardous effect of aggressive ground waters and arrangement of centre of gravity of machine and center of gravity of foundation foot area on the same vertical line, at the same time support surface of foundation is accepted as having area calculated according to given dependence. Support surface of foundation, which is rectangular in plan, is arranged with foot of spherical convex shape, at the same time given dependences are used to identify radius, angle of sector of elastic half-contact of sphere with ground, pressure of structural strength of ground for stretching, critical pressure under center of sphere, besides sphere of foundation is deepened. Support spherical surface is prevented against displacements with slippage and against tilting under action of external dynamic load by increasing edge horizontal support part of foundation rectangular in plan, protruding beyond edges of spherical support central surface, or by anchoring foundation to soil by means of piles. Also arrangement of foundation for machines is proposed. |
FIELD: construction, particularly new building erection and existent building reconstruction under any engineering-geological circumstances.
SUBSTANCE: foundation structure comprises shallow foundation and reinforcement members. Reinforcement members are made as vertical bars of precast or cast-in-place piles having diameters less than 200 mm and arranged along foundation perimeter. The piles are spaced a distance from outer foundation faces. The distance is equal to 0.1-0.5 of reinforcement member diameter. Distance between neighboring piles is equal to 2-4 reinforcement member diameters and reinforcement member length is 15-20 diameters thereof.
EFFECT: increased load-bearing capacity due to creating compressive operational conditions under different engineering-geological circumstances, increased dynamic rigidity of foundation base and reduced foundation deformation and vibrational amplitude.
9 dwg
The invention relates to the construction and can be used in new construction and renovation of buildings and structures in any engineering-geological conditions.
Known foundations for buildings and structures erected on ground subsidence [As, MKI E 02 D 27/12. Publ. 23.03.1973, BI No. 16], including pile Foundation, pile and emolument (for piles)located outside the grillage at a distance equal to 1-1,5 of pile diameter from its outer edges. The disadvantage of this Foundation is that increasing its load bearing capacity is ensured only through the involvement of the surrounding soil in joint work by compaction subsidence of the soil.
Also known foundations for buildings and structures, perceiving horizontal, including dynamic load [As, MKI E 02 D 27/12. Publ. 15.08.1981, BI No. 30 - prototype], including grillage, resting on piles, emolument (for piles)that are located outside of the grillage and United with him ties made sloping, descending to the grillage. This Foundation allows for the use of emoluments associated with the Foundation is to improve the bearing capacity of the Foundation and to improve the work of the Foundation under the action of both vertical and horizontal static and dynamic loads. The technical nature of identigene the results of this Foundation is chosen for the prototype. The lack of Foundation of the prototype is that it is not intended to change the conditions of the soil under the sole Foundation.
The technical result of the invention consists in increasing the bearing capacity of foundations for buildings, structures and machines with dynamic loads by creating compression of the working conditions of the soil under the sole Foundation in various geological conditions.
The problem is solved due to the fact that the Foundation for buildings and structures, including the actual shallow foundations and emolument, according to the invention emolument made in the form of vertical rods of the driven or bored piles of small diameter up to 200 mm and are located on the contour of shallow foundations to the distance from the outer faces of 0.1-0.5 diameter emolument, with the same step is 2-4 diameters emolument, the length of each emolument equal to 15-20 his size.
Increasing the bearing capacity of foundations for buildings and structures is achieved by creating compression of the working conditions of the soil under the sole shallow foundations, since the location of emoluments in his path outside the Foundation at a specified distance from the specified step length and emoluments limits the lateral Defoe is Macy soil Foundation. The proposed Foundation can be used both in new construction and the renovation of existing buildings and structures, as well as for a device or gain foundations for equipment with dynamic loads. The length of emoluments is determined depending on the engineering-geological conditions of the site, the step between emolumentum assigned on the basis of the design of the Foundation and nature of its loading.
In figures 1, 3, 5 shows a schematic of the proposed foundations for buildings and structures with contour reinforcement for different designs of foundations; 2, 4, 6-sections 1-1 to 1, 3, 5, respectively; figure 7 - dependence of the settling of the Foundation S from load P; Fig - parameters of the oscillations of the Foundation under the action of vertical dynamic loads; figure 9 is the same, under the action of horizontal dynamic loads.
Foundations for buildings and structures includes the actual shallow foundations 1 arranged on a natural base 3, and emolument 2. Emolument carried out in a vertical rods of the driven or bored piles of small diameter up to 200 mm Immersion of the finished concrete, metal or wooden emoluments can be carried out by driving by analogy with driven piles or emolument can be made on the spot drilled in the s or punched wells by analogy with the manufacture of bored piles.
The location of emoluments contour shallow foundations prevents horizontal and reduces vertical movement of the soil, contributes to the creation of compression of the working conditions of the soil Foundation under the Foundation. This increases the bearing capacity of the Foundation, a significant reduction of the deformation of the base and the reduction of vibration parameters of the Foundation under the action of dynamic loads. The upper part of emoluments perceives shear stresses and unloads the subgrade directly beneath the Foundation and the lower works as a pile, transferring the load to the underlying soil layers. Unlike pile foundations, including the Foundation of the prototype, the advantage of the invention is the incorporation in the soil under the sole Foundation. In the case of applying the contour of the reinforcement during reconstruction in contrast to transplant Foundation on piles advantage of the proposed Foundation is no need to develop additional deformations are needed to enable emoluments in the work, so as to increase the bearing capacity of the Foundation is due to changes in operating conditions of the subsoil under the sole Foundation. Disclaimer pair of emoluments with the body strengthen the Foundation has significant value is e during reconstruction, as it does not require the interruption of load-bearing structures, but also greatly simplifies the work. The application of the proposed Foundation allows you to increase its carrying capacity more than 2 times and reduce precipitation up to 3-4 times that can be seen from Fig.7, which shows the dependence of the precipitate Foundation S from load P: 1 - the Foundation on the natural basis; 2 - reinforcement along the contour with step 6,7d; 3 - reinforcement on the path from step 3,3d; 4 - pile Foundation with step 3,3d.
The location of emoluments contour shallow foundations, even without soil compaction, reduces the amplitudes of the Foundation and increase the natural frequencies of the system (see Fig and 9, where curve 1 shows the dependence of the amplitude of the oscillation frequency of the Foundation on the natural basis 3; curve 2 is the same, with reinforcement along the contour of the concrete emolumentum in drilled wells with step 3,6d). Compared to the Foundation on the natural basis in gorizonalno area is the reduction of the amplitudes of the oscillations under the action of vertical dynamic loads up to 7 times (see Fig), and horizontal - up to 2-3 times (see Fig.9). Thus, the proposed Foundation helps to increase the stiffness of the soil Foundation under the action of dynamic loads and can be used to reduce vibrations of foundations, especially p is on the low-frequency mechanisms. When the device emoluments piling or manufacture them in wells, without excavation, there is the additional effect of compaction of the surrounding soil. The results obtained in experiments with experienced foundations in situ ground conditions and fully coincide with those of numerous laboratory studies.
Thus, the proposed foundations for buildings and structures that allow one to solve the technical problem - increasing the carrying capacity by creating compressive conditions in different geological conditions, as well as increasing the dynamic stiffness of the Foundation and, as a consequence, the reduction of sediment and amplitudes of vibrations of foundations.
Foundations for buildings and structures, including the actual shallow foundations and emolument, characterized in that emolument made in the form of vertical rods of the driven or bored piles of small diameter up to 200 mm and are located on the contour of shallow foundations to the distance from the outer faces of 0.1-0.5 diameter emolument, with the same step is 2-4 diameters emolument, the length of each emolument equal to 15-20 his size.