Method and device for stabilisation of line of sight for rifles, shortguns and small arms

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: set of inventions relates to rifles or small arms. Gun barrel displacement at aiming is executed by minimising the influence of unintentional displacements on barrel orientation. It consists in application of a hinge for articulation of the gun front and rear. Then, pipe displacement in lengthwise direction in two planes is continuously monitored to control the angle between the butt and barrel. Thereafter, gun front and rear are turned together by a working means. Proposed device comprises hinge between gun front and rear, device for continuous detection of the barrel lengthwise displacement, system for control over the butt and barrel lengthwise direction and working means for mutual turn of the gun front and rear. Gun comprises the butt, barrel and device for gun barrel displacement stabilisation.

EFFECT: higher accuracy of fire.

23 cl, 7 dwg

The level of technology

The technical field

The present invention relates to a method according to the introductory part of claim 1 attached claims.

The invention also relates to the device according to the introductory part of claim 2 appended claims.

The present invention additionally relates to firearms on p.22.

Prior art

The method of the aforementioned type is already known.

Precision firing when firing the rifle and shooting from a short-barreled weapons is limited, in particular, the quality of weapons and ammunition and the type of iron sights. One reason for the change point from shot to shot, for example, may be such that the weight of the bullet and powder charge vary from cartridge to cartridge. Even if the weapon will be induced in the target in the same direction and at the same other conditions during the series of shots, then point bullets have a certain dispersion, which is caused by the quality of material resources. For modern weapons, however, the dispersion caused by deficiencies precision weapons or ammunition when shooting with hands, that is, without any external support weapons is small compared to the scattering caused by a marksman not able to hold the weapon with sufficient stiffness while aiming and for this reason have difficulty in maintaining firing in a specified direction. To hit with maximum precision marksman should strive to keep arms stationary in the direction of the goal and make the shot at the moment when the direction of the aiming, while inevitable and often random move around the target coincides with the direction of the goal. The better marksman can control the moving direction of aiming at a desired position for a shot and the slower it's moving, the easier it is to make a good shot and to ensure an accurate hit. That, among other things, characterized by unintentional movement of the barrel during aiming, is that these movements are relatively quick and relatively small compared with intentional changes in direction, aiming, which are more significant and slow.

In U.S. patent No. 5834677 described riflewith an embedded servo system, stabilizing the direction of sight and, thus, improve the accuracy of shooting. Trunk (fire tube) in this case is suspended in the outer tube, in which the barrel can move. Pipe around the trunk increases the overall weight and moves the center of gravity forward, which is a disadvantage, because it requires more force to hold the rifle horizontally. In addition, the engines that affect the direction of the barrel, installed on the front end of the barrel, which additionally moves the center of gravity forward. The center of gravity in a normal rifle is usually located at the point right between the two positions where the right and left hand, respectively, hold the rifle, that is about the trigger mechanism. According to the present invention does not require any external mechanics around the trunk to control its direction. Therefore, the weight of the rifle with the center of gravity in the front is not increased for this reason. Thus, the present invention can be applied to weapons with a relatively long barrel without violating the so-called balancing, or, in other words, that the center of gravity moved forward. According to the present invention the main part of the elements contained in the servo system, that is, engines, electronics and mechanics, are located at the rear end of the arms so that the center of gravity of the weapon is not shifted forward by means of additional elements.

The lack of construction according to the patent 5834677 is that sight, in order to be able to show the actual direction of the shot must be installed on the trunk, surrounded by a pipe. This complicates the design. The installation of the sight according to the present patent perform in the same way as a conventional weapon. Therefore, the u, according to the present invention, the design becomes less complicated.

In U.S. patent No. 5974940 described a system in which the barrel is stabilized by two linear motors. The weight and location of these engines move the center of gravity forward, and weight to the weapon in the front. In the same patent number 5974940, stabilizing the servo system is activated trigger mechanism, which must be pressed in the first position, which activates the servo system. Production shot then perform further push the trigger. The method may comprise a risk that the marksman by mistake make a shot instead of having to activate the servo system. Another disadvantage of this method of activation of a servosystem is that reasonably requires significant preparation for effective and safe use. Usually the trigger is not used for anything else other than a shot. According to the present invention, there is no need for any changes the function of the trigger, so as to activate the servo-system is a marksman, when aiming to shoulder pressed thrust plate and thus closes the circuit, which activates the servo system. Marksman, therefore, do not perform special day is the major to start the servo-system in addition to the actions, performed during normal shooting.

The purpose of the present invention is to, among other things, to solve the problems associated with the prior art.

The invention

This objective is achieved by a method, device, and firearms, with signs according to claim 1, 2, and 22 attached claims, respectively.

Other benefits received by that which is stated in the respective dependent claims.

The present invention relates to a method and device are designed so that movement of the trunk when aiming weakened by a servosystem, stabilizing the orientation of the trunk, built-in weapons. In the servo system included measuring means continuously measuring the speed of rotation of the barrel vertically and horizontally, and engines capable of changing a direction of the barrel relative to the butt so that the orientation of the trunk was stabilized in accordance with the aiming of weapons in a given direction is simplified and the accuracy increases. Through stabilization is opposition to unintended movements of the trunk that arise when aiming, when a marksman without physical support arms, trying to control the direction of sight to the target. Technical what their tools can be applied to all types of rifles, and for a short-barreled weapons such as pistols and revolvers.

An important characteristic of the invention, described here, is that it is well adapted for use with modern weapons, for which the above-mentioned patents are hardly appropriate.

The invention includes a gun or small arms, designed so that the aiming arrow contributes to stabilizing the servo system, which weakens quick and unintentional movement of the barrel, whereby marksman can more easily control the direction of aiming at a desired position of the target and through a more relaxed movement of the barrel and the direction of aiming to get more time to select the right moment for a shot.

In the rifle or short-barreled weapons, constructed according to the invention, the weapons are divided into two mutually movable parts, the front part, which includes the barrel, and stock. These two parts are movable relative to each other at a common point where they are connected by a hinge with two-axle bearing, which provides horizontal and vertical mobility. The bearing is mounted where the stock connects to the front part. The angle between the orientation of the butt and barrel regulate by means of a servosystem, the administration is allowing the angle between the butt and the barrel so that that rapid changes in the orientation of the trunk is the opposition, and they are attenuated, which makes aiming and shooting in a given direction. Torque of the rotation changes the orientation of the trunk, is performed by application of torque rotation in the opposite direction throughthe servosystem. If, for example, the barrel is rotated clockwise to offset from the outer side, that is, a marksman, a given movement, the stock is rotated counterclockwise. The moment of inertia of the butt makes torque rotation to act on the shaft, the direction of which in this case is changed. If the butt on the rear end rests on a more or less strong subject when shooting a rifle, usually in the shoulder of the marksman, the torque of rotation increases. In the case of the shooting of the short arms, conditions are mostly similar, but shorter butt and the fact that weapons have no contact with any great weight on the back end, which occurs when the rifle shooting (shoulder marksman), means that the moment of inertia of the stock becomes more important. In the embodiment shown as an example, shown as lots of butt can be arrangedso that the heavier the objects located ahead and behind the bearing, to give the butt a sufficiently large moment of inertia. In addition to the weakening of unintentional rapid movements of the trunk stabilizing the servo system operates to move the barrel up, which occurs when the recoil after the shot was also weakened, so that the man with the gun, constructed according to the present patent, and especially with a semi-automatic rifle, was able to make a good sighting second shot faster.

Brief description of drawings

A better understanding of the present invention will be obtained by studying the following detailed description, read in conjunction with the attached drawings, in which similar parts are denoted by the same in different views and in which:

Figa shows the rifle with stabilized direction aiming, shown on the right side;

Fig.1b shows the rifle with stabilized direction aiming presented above;

Figure 2 shows the revolver with stabilized direction aiming, shown on the right side;

Figashows the layout of the engine and shaft, through the use of motors with rotational movement;

Fig.3b shows the layout of the engine and shaft through the use of motors from the line is the first move;

Figure 4 shows the block diagram of the electronic components and the motor for the horizontal channel; and

Figure 5 shows the hinge, bearing in the form of a cardan joint and a rod.

Detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention

Figa. The figure shows the rifle with stabilized direction aiming, shown on the right side. Certain important functional elements that are hidden, shown in dotted lines. Some hidden items are not shown on the drawing. Between two mutually movable parts, the front part 1 and the butt 2, it is possible to see part of the hinge 3, the bearing 3, which provides for these two parts of the mobility horizontally and vertically. The gap between the butt and the front part for clarity done more than was required to achieve the specified mobility. Through bearing 3 pin 10 attached to the front part, is back in the butt. At the end of the rod lever 8v associated with the ability to transfer rotational movement of the motor 6v mainly the end of the rod 10 in a linear and vertical movement, in accordance with the angle between the butt and the barrel can be changed. The part that moves horizontally, to increase clarity in the figure removed. On the back it is nce butt can be seen protruding push plate 12.

In the figure it can be noted that the external design of the rifle under the patent shall not differ in any significant ways from the conventional design of the rifle for hunting and sport shooting (targets), and for use in the armed forces and the police.

Fig.1b. the figure shows the rifle with stabilized direction aiming presented above. Of hidden items included only the rod 10 and the engines 6h and 6v.

Figure 2. The figure shows the revolver with stabilized direction aiming, shown on the right side. Because of the size, batteries, electronics, engines and other items located in the instrument compartment mounted below the handle of the gun. To increase the moment of inertia of the butt, the heavier elements are located at a distance and behind the bearing 3.

Figa. The figure shows the principle of how it can be configured mechanics, connecting the motors 6h and 6v with the rod 10. In the example engines use rotating mass on the output shaft.

Fig.3b. The figure shows the principle of how it can be configured mechanics, connecting the motors 6h and 6v with the rod 10 when using motors with linear movement.

Figure 4. The figure schematically shows how connected electronic components of the motor in a horizontal channel. Components in the vertical channel is connected in a similar manner.

Figure 5. The figure shows the bearing between the shaft and the butt, and the rod 10. The tabs to the right 16 used for mounting the bearing in the shaft 1, for example, by bolting. The tabs to the left 17 used for mounting the bearing in the butt in the appropriate manner.

In the rifle or short-barreled weapons, designed according tothe invention, weapons are divided into two mutually movable parts, the front part 1, which includes the barrel and the butt 2. These two parts 1 and 2 are movable relative to each other at a common point where they are connected with the axle bearing 3, respectively designed as a cardan joint. The bearing is where the butt connected with the front part. The bearing makes possible the rotation of the butt around the center of the hinge relative to the stem in two mutually perpendicular planes, vertically and horizontally.

The angle between the orientation of the butt and barrel regulate the control system, preferably a servo system controlling the angle between the butt and the barrel so that rapid changes in orientation of the trunk was weakened, making it easier aiming and production shots in a given direction.

In the control system, servo system, according to predpochtitelnei implementation includes:

two transmitter of angular velocities, respectively, 4h and 4v, for example, gyroscopes, installed in front of the weapon, the transmitters which register the speed of rotation of the barrel in two dimensions, horizontally and vertically;

two amplifiers 5h and 5v, respectively, with a bandpass filter, amplifying and filtering the signal from the gyroscope;

two electric motor, 6h and 6v, which are controlled amplifiers 5h and 5v, and that by moving the rear end of the rod 10 relative to the butt is capable of changing the angle between the butt and shaft, horizontally and vertically.

On the figures of the engine acting on the rod, and thus, on the trunk, in the vertical direction is set to 6v, while the engine, changing the orientation of the trunk horizontally, specified as 6h. Engines can be designed in different ways to provide the specified linear motion. In the design on figa, 1b, 2 and 3a, torque motors are gear, lowering the number of revolutions on the output shaft, the rotary motion of which is converted (mostly) in a reciprocating movement by means of two levers 8h and 8v, respectively, associated with the bearings on the periphery of the flywheel mounted on the output shaft of the engine. An alternative to the rotary motor is a linear motor, C is directly providing linear movement in accordance fig.3b. Regardless of whether the engine rotational or linear movement, they can be designed as servo motors, i.e. motors have built-in servo system which controls the position of the output shaft so that the deviation was proportional to the input signal.

These two engines 6h and 6v through levers 8h 8v and connected with the rear end of the rod, which passes through the center PTO shaft 3 and is attached to the front part 1 of the gun and, accordingly, set out in part cardan joint, hinged at the front 1 weapons according to figure 5, that is, in the right part with the tabs pointing to the right 16. When the rear end of the rod is moved by the lever 8h and 8v, respectively, the angle between the shaft 1' and butt 2' is changed by means of the butt and shaft rotating relative to each other in the bearing 3.

Engines 6h, 6v, thus, constitute the driving means for the impact of management systems on the angle between the two parts 1, 2. Of course, in addition to the electric motors can be offered to other drive means, for example, an electromagnetic device or a piezoelectric device.

The function of a servosystem is that by changing the orientation of the longitudinal direction of the shaft to change the angle at point 3 of the bearing so that changed the Yu in the direction of the barrel had been opposed. The main function of the rifle, designed according to the invention can be described by the following example. Suppose marksman, after intensified main current switch 14 and, thus, turned on the electronics of the servo-system, makes aiming, that is, raises his arms and brings the butt to his shoulder. When the marksman pulls the butt to shoulder, this activates the current switch 15, which activates the motors servo-system, whereby the tip of the barrel after it is stabilized. Then suppose marksman makes aiming at a target, at which he wants to make a shot, and that he while aiming inadvertently puts hand holding the front of the bed, i.e. the lower part of the front part 1 of the weapons. When as a result, the barrel starts to fall down, then starts the rotation of the rifle, that is, the barrel and the butt 1, 2 rotate together relative to the point where the butt is in contact with the shooter's shoulder. When the barrel goes down, rotation, when considering the rifle on figa should be rotated clockwise. The rotation leads to a change in the signal from the gyro 4v measuring the vertical velocity of rotation of the barrel. The signal through the amplifier 5v affects the 6v engine, changing the vertical angle midpriced 2 and the barrel 1 so, to the rear end of the rod 10 is pressed down relative to the rear end of the butt, in accordance with what is in front of the butt and the rear end of the barrel impact force directed downwards. As the force pressing on the rod 10 to the bottom when it is not directed to the center of gravity of the front part and to the point behind the center of gravity (left figa), this force creates a torque of rotation acting on the shaft 1, the torque which figa will be counterclockwise direction. The rear end of the barrel is lowered, in accordance with what his orientation is changed so that the direction of aiming upwards, in accordance with unintentional lowering direction aiming reduced or eliminated. Thus, the direction of sight (and the direction of the bullet), depending on the speed and size returns to a greater or lesser extent to the orientation of the trunk, which was given before he was lowered down a marksman.

When initiating rotation in the horizontal direction adjusting the direction of the barrel in the horizontal plane is under the influence of the corresponding elements in the horizontal channel servo-system.

In the case of short arms function is performed essentially in the same way, except that the rear end is reclad 2 is not positioned against the shoulder of the marksman and, thus, it is not attached to the (relatively) fixed point. Instead of rotation of the butt 2 around the rear end of the butt, it tends to rotate around its center of mass. If the weight of the parts listed here, the butt 2 and includes the electronics of the servo-system, is large enough and is far enough away from the bearing 3, the torque of the rotation shaft when the operation of the servo-system is significant enough to stabilize the trunk through the mass and moment of inertia of the butt 2.

What is characteristic of inadvertent movements of the trunk, i.e. movements that must be weakened by the servo system, then they are more than a deliberate move, contain high-frequency components. By an appropriate choice of the frequency range within which operates a servo system, a marksman can perform intentional correction of the orientation of the trunk without obstruction by the servosystem any other way than the dimension of a certain inertia in the movement of the barrel, while the more rapid changes in the orientation of the trunk, which are usually intentional, on the contrary, it turns out the opposition, and they are largely attenuated.

According to preferred variants of the implementation of the ia signal from a transmitter of angular velocities is designed to filter high-pass filter in bandpass filters, amplifiers, and then to suppress signals having a relatively low frequency, and enable signals having a relatively high frequency to pass to the relatively slow changes in the orientation of the trunk there was no opposition, and they were not reduced to the same high degree as fast, usually unintentional change the orientation.

It is preferable to perform high-frequency filtering with the selected cutoff frequency of high pass filter for adjusting the attenuation of the movement of the barrel, for example, the current weapons and used.

The preferred interval for such marginal frequencies ranged from approximately 0.5 to approximately 5 Hz.

Electronics servo-system and the motors are driven by rechargeable batteries that are built into the weapon 3. In addition to the main switch for turning on and off of electric voltage for the electronics of the servo-system that is installed with the corresponding locations on the arms 13, the cover plate 12 is included in the rifle and the switch 15 connected to a plate mounted at the butt end of the butt, this switch activates the motors are servo-system. Push plate is in its extended outer position by a spring and retracts when marksman sets is reclad to shoulder. When the push plate is in its outer position, the switch 15 is turned off. A necessary condition for the motor servo-system is turning on the main switch 14 and the pressing of the push plate 12, and thus, the switch 15 is turned on. Cover plate 12 and the switch 15 is connected for this purpose, therefore, have as their function the activation of motors servo-system and stabilization of the direction of aiming only at the time of the aiming, that is, when the rifle is held pressed against the shoulder, not otherwise. Thus, the current consumption is reduced.

In the case of short weapons, push plate, activating the motors are servo-system, replaced the switch 7 mounted in a suitable position on the weapon, where it can be controlled by a marksman, when he performs the alignment. In Fig. 2 refined positioning, making it possible for the arrow to activate a servo-system by pressing a push button on the rear end of the butt. Accurate positioning of the switch 7 is determined depending on the design of the weapon and how it is held in the hand during the execution of aiming.

In short weapons free space weapons is not large enough to accommodate the servo system and mechanism is ku. For this reason, but also to increase the moment of inertia of the butt 2 these parts are respectively located below and behind the handle of the gun. A possible design is shown in figure 2. The increased moment of inertia leads to a certain change in the fixed angle between the butt and the barrel can occur with less rotation of the butt.

The presented invention is described above in Association with design examples and preferred options for implementation.

Other variants of implementation, as well as minor changes and additions, of course, can be offered without derogating from the basic idea of the invention.

1. The method of stabilization of the movements of the barrel of the gun such as a rifle or small firearms, when aiming through the weakening of the influence, mainly, inadvertent movements of the trunk on the orientation of the trunk,differentthe stages are:
provide joint (3) between the front part (1)weapons, which contains the shaft (1'), and the rear part (2) weapons, which contains the butt (2') weapons, for reciprocal motion between these parts;
continuously detects the movement of the pipe in the longitudinal direction, in at least two planes; and
control at least one angle between the butt and the longitudinal orientation is about the direction of the barrel, accordingly, through a system (4h, 4v, 5h, 5v, 6h, 6v) control so as to oppose the change in orientation of the trunk, and
mutually turn referred the front part (1) and said rear part (2) via the working means (10)acting on the said connection and arranged in said front part and acting in the butt mentioned the rear part to the impact of the aforementioned control system.

2. Device for stabilizing movement of the barrel,for example a rifle or short-barreled weapons, aiming by weakening the influence, mainly, inadvertent movements of the trunk on the orientation of the trunk,different
connection (3) between the front part (1) weapons, which contains the shaft (1'), and the rear part (2) weapons, which contains the butt (2') weapons, for reciprocal motion between these parts;
devices (4h, 4v) for continuous detection of movement in the longitudinal direction of the barrel, at least two planes; and
system (4h, 4v, 5h, 5v, 6h, 6v) to control at least one angle between the butt and the orientation of the longitudinal direction of the barrel, respectively, so as to prevent changes in the orientation of the trunk, while
operating means are provided for mutual rotation is referred to the front part (1) and said rear part (2), moreover, the working tool (10) acts on the above-mentioned hinge and located in said front part, and is mentioned in the butt back for the impact of the aforementioned control system.

3. The device according to claim 2,differentdevices for detecting movement of the barrel in the longitudinal direction in two mutually perpendicular planes, preferably essentially vertical and essentially horizontal.

4. The device according to claim 2,differentthe two channels of the control system, one channel on the plane and, thus, preferably the vertical and horizontal channels, each channel includes means (4h, 4v) for detecting angular velocity, transmitters angular velocity relative to the moving barrel in the corresponding plane.

5. The device according to claim 3,differentthe two channels of the control system, one channel on the plane and, thus, preferably the vertical and horizontal channels, each channel includes means (4h, 4v) for detecting angular velocity, transmitters angular velocity relative to the moving barrel in the corresponding plane.

6. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 2-5,characterized in thatthe said connection arranged for mutual mobility mention who's parts in these two planes, which detects movement of the trunk.

7. The device according to any one of claim 2 to 5,characterized in thatthe mentioned connection is arranged as the configuration of the cardan joint.

8. The device according to claim 6,characterized in thatthe mentioned connection is arranged as the configuration of the cardan joint.

9. The device according to any one of claim 2 to 5, or 8,differentsoftwarethe above-mentioned control system as a servosystem for controlling the angle between the butt and the orientation of the longitudinal direction of the barrel, respectively, in two mutually perpendicular planes.

10. The device according to claim 6,differentsoftwarethe above-mentioned control system as a servosystem for controlling the angle between the butt and the orientation of the longitudinal direction of the barrel, respectively, in two mutually perpendicular planes.

11. The device according to claim 10,characterized in thateach of the two channels of the system contains a control amplifier (5h, 5v) with a bandpass filter, which amplifies and filters the signal from the transmitter of angular velocity in the channel.

12. The device according to claim 11,characterized in thatthe signal from a transmitter of angular velocities arranged to filter in the amplifier through a high pass filter and thereby suppress signals having relatively n is skuu frequency, and enable signals having a relatively high frequency, to pass, to relatively slow changes in the orientation of the trunk there was no opposition and they were not reduced to the same high degree as fast, usually unintentional, the orientation changes.

13. The device according to item 12,characterized in thatthe high-pass filter is arranged with a cutoff frequency for adaptation weakening movements of the trunk, for example, real weapons and use.

14. The device according to item 12 or 13,characterized in thatthe high-pass filter is made with a cutoff frequency in the range from approximately 0.5 to approximately 5 Hz.

15. The device according to claim 2,differentdrive means (6h, 6v) in the butt for the impact of the mentioned work.

16. The device according to item 15,differentdrive means in the form of an electric motor (6h, 6v) on the canal system to control the angle between the butt and the barrel in a vertical and horizontal direction, respectively.

17. The device according to item 16,characterized in thatthe engines are linked to impact on the work item (8h, 8v), each for performing a reciprocating generally linear movement.

18. The device according to 17,characterized in thattwo engines and by mentioning the Tye working elements arranged to move the respective work items in two mutually perpendicular directions, corresponding to the two channels.

19. The device according to p,characterized in thatthe said working element arranged for connection with the said work tool for mutual rotation mentioned the front part and said rear part.

20. The device according to claim 19,characterized in thatthe said working element attached to the land turned from the front of the work tool in the form of a rod element acting in the butt.

21. The device according to claim 2,characterized in thatthe control system is arranged to activate through the switching device (7, 12, 15)arranged to control pricelevels person in Association with the aiming, preferably after the main switch (14) for applying current management system has been enabled.

22. Firearms containing the butt and the barrel,characterized in thatit contains a device according to any one of paragraphs. 2-21.

23. Firearms on p.22,characterized in thatit is a rifle or small arms.