External heat supply engine built around parson's oscillating piston engine drive

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to external heat supply engines. This engine comprises working piston and displacer pistons in different cylinders. Output shaft incorporates the crank articulated via con-rod with working piston. Oscillating sleeve with shaft fitted therein are pivoted inside said housing on one axle. Both sleeve and shaft are equipped with cranks articulated via con-rods with displacer pistons. In-cylinder spaces above displacer pistons are hot chambers. In-cylinder spaces under displacer pistons are cold chambers. Working medium is fed from hot chambers into cold chambers via heaters, regenerators and coolers. Cold chambers are communicated via working medium lines with appropriate above-piston and under-piston chambers of the cylinder with working piston. Engine runs with phase shift between working piston and displacer piston.

EFFECT: working cycle approximates to ideal Stirling cycle.

12 dwg

The invention relates to engines with external heat supply (Stirling engines) and can be used in their designs.

Known engine with external heat supply with rhombic mechanism for converting motion [1], characterized by the use of gears to synchronize the rotation of two shafts, each of which may be the drive.

The disadvantage of this engine with external heat supply is that its mechanism of transformation of the motion does not provide the optimal change amount of hot cavity of the cylinder, its thermodynamic cycle is not close to the ideal Stirling cycle, which should be possible to accelerate the movement of the displacer piston in the workflow stages, corresponding to the expansion and regenerative return the working fluid from the hot cavity in the cold.

Known engine with external heat supply with the mechanism of transformation-based motion elliptical gears [2], providing a deceleration-acceleration displacer piston in the settlement phase of the movement, bringing the law of change of volume of the hot cavity of the cylinder to the ideal Stirling cycle.

The disadvantage of this engine with external heat supply - the complexity of manufacturing elliptical gears, their low load ability is ü, the noisiness of work and a significant loss of power in that gear mesh.

Known engine with external heat supply, containing the lever-Cam mechanism for converting motion [3], providing movement of displacer piston and the volume change of the hot cavity of the cylinder by law, close to the ideal Stirling cycle, characterized in that the working and displacer pistons are connected symmetric rods with the rods, through which the crank rod rotating twin shafts. Two shafts are interconnected by a mechanism that changes the phase angle.

The disadvantage of this engine with external heat supply is low reliability lever-Cam drive mechanism and its complexity due to the large number of elements involved in the transformation of the movement.

Known four-stage rocker mechanism with adjustable gear ratio [4], which is rigidly mounted in the housing, with the possibility of displacement of the slide, the axis of which rotates a double backdrop, in the slots which slide and roll the rollers belonging to the cranks of equal length. At equal distances from the axes of the cranks to the axis of the slide rotation from one of the crank is transmitted to another with a constant gear ratio. If you move the slider, when the rotation of a driving crank ve is Amy rotates with the same, but variables inside of the period.

The mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons [5] is a prototype that provides rotation and vibration in the cylinder two pistons-sectors. The mechanism reconstructed and described below.

Known thermal cycle engine with external heat supply, proposed by Robert and James Stirlings in 1827 with work and displacer pistons in the different cylinders [1].

The purpose of the invention is to use the engine with external heat supply compact, balanced mechanism for slowing down the acceleration of the piston-displacer in the settlement phase of the movement, bringing the law of change of volume of the hot cavity of the cylinder to the ideal Stirling cycle.

This objective is achieved in that the engine with external heat supply on the basis of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons, containing the working piston and piston-plungers in different cylinders, characterized in that the output shaft provided with a crank, which, through the connecting rod hinged connection with the working piston and pivotally mounted in the housing in one axis that is offset relative to the axis of the output shaft, vibrating sleeve and the shaft, it is placed, provided with cranks, pivotally connected by means of connecting rods with pistons-displacers, intracylinder space nadpisjami-displacers are hot cavities, and intracylinder space under the piston-plungers are cold cavities, in which the working fluid flows from the respective hot cavities, after passing through the heater, regenerator and cooler, while the cold cavity connected by pipes working body with the appropriate newportnews and podpornoy cavities of the cylinder in which the working piston, and the engine is provided with the presence of a phase shift between the working piston and piston-plungers.

In Fig. 1 shows the reconstructed model is known of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons [5], side view.

In Fig. 2 shows a section A1-A1 in Fig. 1 in the position of the elements of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons, corresponding to the smallest angle between the levers.

In Fig. 3 shows a section A2-A2 in Fig. 1 in the position of the elements of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons, responsible bissextile the angle between the levers.

In Fig. 4 shows a section A3-A3 in Fig. 1 in the position of the elements of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons, meet the greatest angle between the levers.

In Fig. 5 shows a section A4-A4 of Fig. 1 in the position of the elements of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons, meet the combined position of the axes of the beam and is of YouGov.

In Fig. 6 depicts a simplified view of the engine with external heat supply on the basis of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons [5], a General view.

Figure 7 shows the section B1-B1 in figure 6 the position of the elements of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons, corresponding to being in the top dead center position of the working piston.

On Fig shows a section B1-B1 7.

Figure 9 shows the section B2-B2 in figure 6 the position of the elements of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons, corresponding to being in the top dead point of the piston-displacer connected through a crank arm having an axis of rotation in a sleeve.

Figure 10 shows the section B2-B2 figure 9.

Figure 11 shows a section B3-B3 in figure 6 the position of the elements of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons, corresponding to being in the top dead point of the piston-displacer connected through a crank arm having an axis of rotation in the shaft.

On Fig shows a section B3-B3 on 11.

The mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons [5] contains (see figure 1 - figure 5) case 1, in which the plate is installed 2 in which the axis of the shaft 3 is rigidly mounted to the yoke 4, each of the shoulders a and b by links 5 and 6, having shoulders C and d, are connected with the levers 7 and 8, having shoulders e and h. The lever 7 with the Sha the research in the form of a sleeve 9, set in the strip 10 in the axis shifted by a distance g in relation to the axis A. the Lever 8, having a hinge in the form of a shaft 11, is installed in the sleeve 9 with the coincidence of the axes of the sleeve 9 and the shaft 11.

Engine with external heat supply on the basis of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons [5] contains (see Fig.6 - peg) spacer 12 between the housing of the cold cylinder 13 and the housing of the hot cylinder 14, in which the cover 15 hinged to the axle And has an output shaft 16 with the flywheel 17, having by means of the crank 18 and the rod 19 of the hinge connection with the rod of the working piston 20, is placed in a cold cylinder 21 mounted in the housing of the cold cylinder 13. On the rod of the working piston 20 is fixed guide element rectilinear motion 22 that interacts with the inner surface of the cold cylinder 21 in its bottom part.

Inside the main journal of the output shaft 16 from the side of the hot cylinder 14 in the axis And rigidly mounted to the yoke 23, executed in the form of a disk with the function of the flywheel. The arm 23 by means of balanced links 24 and 25 are connected with balanced levers 26 and 27. The lever 26 has a hinge in the form of a sleeve, in which the hinge is placed a lever 27 having a hinge in the form of a shaft. The common axis of levers pivotally mounted in the housing of the levers 28 in the axis In which the axis of the levers has an estimated offset g with respect to Asia output shaft 16. The body of the levers 28 are connected to the housing of the hot cylinder 14 into which you installed the hot cylinders 29 and 30 placed in them by the piston-plungers 31 and 32 with the rod guiding elements rectilinear motion 33, cooperating with the inner surfaces of the cylinders in the lower portion thereof. Piston-plungers 31 and 32 with their rods by means of rods 34 and 35 pivotally connected with the crank levers 36 and 37, mechanically attached to them or made them as one unit under the estimated angle, providing movement of the piston-plungers 31, 32 and change the volume of the hot cylinder cavities 29 and 30 on the optimal law, approximating thermodynamic cycle to the ideal Stirling cycle. Engine with external heat supply on the basis of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons [5] also contains elements of the system of heat exchange in graphics, not shown: a heater, a cooler, a regenerator, railway communication of the working fluid.

Indicated by arrows and labelled:

k and l - nadporshnevaya and podpornega cavity of the cold cylinder;

m and n, p and r - Nagorskaya and podpisniye cavity hot cylinders.

The mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons [5] works as follows (see figure 1 - figure 5).

In case 1, the strip 2 is rigidly mounted on a VA is 3 rocker 4, rotating in the axis And by means of links 5 and 6, transmits the rotation of the levers 7 and 8, with the hinges on the strip 10 in the axis B in the form of a sleeve 9 and the shaft 11.

Figure 2 shows a section A1-A1 in figure 1 in the position of the elements of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons, corresponding to the smallest angle between the levers. During the rotation of the rocker arm 4 in the direction of the arrow, the lever 7, slowing the movement and the lever 8, accelerating the movement, will occupy the position shown in figure 3. In this position of the elements of the mechanism of the angular velocity of the beam 4 and the levers 7 and 8 are equal. Upon further rotation of the rocker arm 4 in the direction of the arrow, the lever 7, accelerating the movement, and the lever 8, slowing the movement will occupy the position shown in figure 4. In this position of the elements of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons angular velocity of the lever 7 greatest, and the angular velocity of the lever 8 the lowest. The arm 4 relative to the position shown in figure 2, rotated 180 degrees. The angle between the levers in this position the greatest. Upon further rotation of the rocker arm 4 in the direction of arrow levers 7, 8 and the rocker 4, will take the position shown in figure 2, having made a complete turn.

Figure 5 shows a cut A4-A4 in figure 1 in the position of the elements of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons, meet the combined position of the axes a and b of the rocker arm 4 and the levers 7 is 8. In this position of the axes and the rotation of the rocker arm 4 levers 7 and 8 are transmitted with constant gear ratio equal to one.

The dimensions of the lever arms 7 and 8, the rocker arm 4, parts 5 and 6 and the offset of the common axis of the levers 5 and 6 relative to the axis of the rocker arm 4 determine the nature of the movement of the levers 7 and 8 and, as a consequence, the ratio of their velocities to the velocity of the beam 4 within the period of rotation.

Engine with external heat supply on the basis of the mechanism of the vibrating piston engine Parsons [5] works as follows.

Intracylinder space m and p on the piston-plungers 31 and 32 are hot cavities, in which the working fluid enters hot of special heat exchangers (in graphic materials not shown). Intracylinder space n and r under the piston-plungers 31 and 32 are cold cavities, in which the working fluid flows from the respective hot cavities, after passing through the heater, regenerator and cooler (in graphic materials not shown). Thus, movement of the piston-plungers 31 and 32 provides a redistribution of the working fluid in the cylinders 29 and 30 between the hot and cold cavities.

Advanced cold cavity n and r of the cylinders 29 and 30 are connected by pipes working body with the appropriate k and l Palast the mi of the cold cylinder 21, which is working piston 20. Mutual arrangement of the levers with the cranks 36 and 37 relative to the crank 18 provides a phase shift between the working piston 20 and the piston-plungers 31 and 32. Moreover, due to the mirror symmetry in the movement of the piston-plungers, a phase shift of work processes in the cylinders 29 and 30 is 180 degrees.

When the position of the piston-displacer 31 near the upper dead point of the working fluid in the cylinder 29 is concentrated mainly in the cold cavity. During this movement of the working piston 20 is provided by cold compression of the working fluid. At the same time in the cylinder 30, the piston-displacer 32 is near the bottom dead point, the working fluid in this cylinder is concentrated mainly in the hot cavity. Accordingly, movement of the working piston 20 is provided in this cylinder, the expansion of the hot working fluid. This ensures the progress of the workflow according to the principle of the Stirling engine.

The presence of a mechanism that provides for the acceleration and deceleration of the rotation of the levers 36 and 37 relative to the crank 18, which allows the acceleration of the movement of the piston-plungers 31 and 32 in the workflow stages, corresponding to the expansion and regenerative return the working fluid from the hot cavity in the cold, thus bringing the workflow to an ideal is at the Stirling cycle.

Sources of information

1. G. Walker. Stirling Engines. TRANS. from English. - M engineering, 1985, p.84-87, 234, 235.

2. Ukrainian patent without substantive examination A. - Drive motor with external heat supply, publ. 28.02.1997, bull. No. 1.

3. Patent of Ukraine for useful model UA 34284. The drive mechanism of the engine external combustion (Stirling), publ. 11.08.2008, bull. No. 15.

4. I.I. II Artobolevsky, "Mechanisms in modern engineering" in 7 volumes, Moscow, Nauka, 1979, p.49, mechanism 936.

5. http://www.douglas-self.com/MUSEUM/POWER/vibratory/vibrate.htm Parson's Engine ANIMATED

Engine with external heat supply, containing the working piston and piston-plungers in different cylinders, characterized in that the output shaft provided with a crank, by the connecting rod having a hinged connection with the working piston and pivotally mounted in the housing in one axis that is offset relative to the axis of the output shaft, vibrating sleeve and the shaft, it is placed, provided with cranks, pivotally connected by means of connecting rods with pistons-displacers, intracylinder space above the piston-plungers are hot cavities, and intracylinder space under the piston-plungers are cold cavities, in which the working fluid flows from the relevant hot cavities, after passing through the heater, regenerator and cooler, with cold n is lost connected by pipes working body with the appropriate newportnews and podpornoy cavities of the cylinder, which is working piston, and the engine is provided with the presence of a phase shift between the working piston and piston-plungers.