Grate of photogalvanic cells with mechanical detachment of cells relative to their support |
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IPC classes for russian patent Grate of photogalvanic cells with mechanical detachment of cells relative to their support (RU 2518021):
 Silicon multi-junction photoelectric converter with inclined structure and method for production thereof / 2513658
Present invention relates to silicon multi-junction photoelectric converters of solar cell panels. The structure of an "inclined" silicon monocrystalline multi-junction photoelectric converter according to the invention includes diode cells with n+-p--p+ (p+-n--n+) junctions which are parallel to a horizontal light-receiving surface; the diode cells include n+(p+) and p+(n+) regions of n+-p--p+(p+-n--n+) junctions through which they are connected into a single structure by metal cathodes and anodes placed on the surface of n+(p+) and p+(n+) regions to form corresponding ohmic contacts - connections, wherein the n+(p+) and p+(n+) regions and corresponding cathodes and anodes are placed at an angle in the range of 30-60 degrees to the light-receiving surface; the metal cathodes and anodes are placed on their surface partially, and partially lie on the surface of an optically transparent dielectric which is placed on the surface of n+(p+) and p+(n+) regions, wherein they form an optical reflector with the metal electrodes and the optically transparent dielectric. Also disclosed is a method of making the described structure of an "inclined" silicon monocrystalline multi-junction photoelectric converter.
 Combined production of heat and electric energy for residential and industrial buildings with application of solar energy / 2513649
In accordance with the invention claimed solar-powered generator (100) contains thermoelectric elements adjoining solar elements and located below solar elements. Concentrated flow of solar energy is provided. Heat sink (104), with changeable temperature and efficiency, contacts with cold soldered seam (108) of thermoelectric device (103). Thermal resistance is calculated with respect to energy flow, which results in creation in thermoelectrical device (103) of temperature gradient equal to several hundreds of Kelvin degrees. Solar element preferably contains semiconductor with large width of prohibited energy zone. Generator (100) preserves relatively suitable efficiency (efficiency factor) in some range of cold seam (108) temperature. System of hot water can serve as heat sink (104). High values of efficiency factor are obtained due to application of nanocomposite thermoelectrical materials. One-piece construction of solar element and thermoelectrical elements provides additional advantages.
 Multipurpose solar power plant / 2505887
Multipurpose solar power plant (hereinafter referred to as MSPP) refers to renewable power sources, and namely to use of solar radiation to generate electric power, provide hot water supply and natural illumination of rooms of different applications, which contains the following: an optically active transparent dome representing a rectangular biconvex lens, a photovoltaic panel, a solar collector, round flat horizontal dampers of hollow light guides, hollow light guide tubes, a heat-receiving copper plate of the solar collector, a solar light dissipator, micromotors of round flat horizontal dampers of hollow light guide tubes, round light-emitting-diode lamps, storage batteries, light and temperature sensors, an electronic control unit, a control panel, a storage tank, a heat exchanger, a pump, a check valve, six-sided copper pipelines, an inverter and a support with support racks to support MSPP structure.
 Solar module with concentrator (versions) and method of its manufacturing / 2503895
In a solar module with a concentrator comprising a transparent focusing prism with an angle of complete inner reflection
 Making solar cell modules / 2501120
Disclosed is use of a) polyalkyl(meth)acrylate and b) a compound of formula (I), wherein residues R1 and R2 independently denote an alkyl or cycloalkyl with 1-20 carbon atoms, to make solar cell modules, primarily for making light concentrators of solar cell modules.
 Back sheet for solar cell module and solar cell module / 2498458
Back sheet for a solar cell module has a substrate sheet and a cured layer of a coating film made of coating material, formed on one side or each side of the substrate sheet, wherein said coating material contains a fluoropolymer (A), having repeating units based on fluoro-olefin (a), repeating units based on a monomer (b) which contains a cross-linking group, and repeating units based on a monomer (c) which contains alkyl groups, where the C2-20 linear or branched alkyl group does not have a quaternary carbon atom, and unsaturated polymerisable groups are bonded to each other through an ether bond or an ester bond. Also disclosed is a solar cell module using said back sheet and versions of a method of making the back sheet for the solar cell module.
 Flexible photoelectric module / 2495513
Flexible photoelectric module comprises the following serially arranged components: a lower bearing film, a lower reinforcing net, a lower fixing film, electrically connected solar elements from single-crystal silicon, an upper fixing film, an upper reinforcing net and an upper bearing film. The bearing and fixing films are made of a material, which is transparent for sun light, and reinforcing nets are made of polymer threads, which are transparent for sun light and are impregnated with a substance or containing such substance with low coefficient of light absorption and scattering. Reinforcing nets are annealed nets from a thermosetting polymer.
 Semiconductor photoelectric generator (versions) / 2494496
Semiconductor photoelectric generator with double-sided working surface is made as a matrix from switched microphoto cells with n+-p-p+(p+n-n+) diode structures, in which one or two linear dimensions of the microphoto cell are comparable with diffusion length of minor current carriers in the base area, and planes of diode structures are inclined at the angle φ, 30°<φ<150° to the working surface of the generator, along the entire area of the working surface at two sides of the generator there is a passivating film with thickness of 10-60 nm, arranged on the basis of one or two oxides of the following metals: tantalum, zinc, aluminium, molybdenum and tungsten, and above the passivating film there is a layer of a clearing coating. In the other version along the entire area of the working surface of the generator at two sides of the generator there are passivating and clearing films, made on the basis of one or two oxides of the following metals: tantalum, zinc, aluminium, molybdenum and tungsten, and also silicon nitride or carbide.
 Flexible photoelectric module / 2493633
Flexible photoelectric module consists of series-arranged bottom carrier film, bottom reinforcing layer, bottom fastening film, solar cells electrically connected to each other, top fastening film, top reinforcing layer and top carrier film. The bottom and top carrier and fastening films are made from material transparent for sunlight, and the reinforcing layers used are layers of spheroidal elements made from material transparent for sunlight and coated with a layer of an anti-adhesive material. Dimensions of the spheroidal elements are in the range of 500÷1000 mcm.
 Photoelectric bitumen tiles, method to manufacture photoelectric bitumen tiles and method to lay photoelectric roof / 2493338
Photoelectric bitumen tiles comprise a bitumen base attached to a photoelectric module, which relates to a roll type with a transparent upper contact, and also comprise at least one solar element from amorphous silicon supported with a metal flexible layer. Tiles represent photoelectric asphalt roof tiles, which comprise a bitumen base attached to the photoelectric module, besides, the connection is made by means of application of the photoelectric module onto the bitumen base and gluing. And besides, the bitumen base comprises a bitumen layer, at least with one support from a glass film, impregnated with oxidised bitumen and a bitumen self-adhesive mastic; besides, the photoelectric module comprises at least one solar element from amorphous silicon with three transitions and electric connecting facilities at one side; besides, the bitumen base is characterised by thickness of the bitumen layer of 5±0.5 mm; the support from the glass film is characterised with density of 85 g/m2; and has the following characteristics: rupture strength in longitudinal direction of approximately 1500 N; rupture strength in transverse direction of approximately 1500 N. Also the method is described to manufacture tiles, as well as the method to lay the roof by tiles.
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FIELD: energy industry. SUBSTANCE: use: to implement solar generators panels to ensure electricity supply of spacecrafts, in particular satellites. Essence of invention consists in the fact that each photogalvanic element of the grate is mounted on the substrate using the soft and self-adhesive and easily detachable fastening device, at that the rear side of each cell and the front side of the substrate are coated with a layer that improves their properties of heat radiation. EFFECT: reduction of mechanical connection of photogalvanic grate of solar generator relative to its supporting substrate while simultaneous providing sufficient radiation communication of the cell with the substrate, to avoid its heating in flight and the loss of its effectiveness. 5 cl, 4 dwg
The present invention relates to a grid photovoltaic cells with mechanical separation of cells relative to their rigid supporting substrate, such lattice, typically used to implement solar panels generators to ensure power supply electrical energy to the spacecraft, in particular satellites. 1 schematically shows an example implementation is known from the prior art photovoltaic element 1 (also referred to as “Covered Interconnected Cell or Solar Cell Assembly”), which is part of the lattice, containing from a few hundred to several tens of thousands of such elements, depending on the required on-orbit capacity. This element 1 contains the photovoltaic cell 2 is fixed with the adhesive layer 3 on a rigid substrate 4 that is common to multiple cells. In the lattice of this type photovoltaic cells are very fragile because of their small thickness and is very sensitive to deformations that are currently on them when they are glued on a rigid substrate. Indeed, as a rule, the substrate is a multilayer structure with the outer carbon layers having limited stability of thermoelasticity: zone, reinforced in one direction only, may form folds (the phenomenon, called the acts “Wrinkles”), or the outer layers can be deformed with the formation of notches above the holes of the honeycomb structure (a phenomenon called “Telegraphing”). In addition, landing on the adhesive creates the problem of possible repair of cells, which is difficult, because you should be very careful to remove insulating material, such as Kapton®, deposited on a substrate. The operation of removal of a cell from its substrate may take about a whole day. Adhesion of cells to the substrate can lead to deformation of the cells. One way mechanical separation of cells to the substrate is to increase the thickness of the layer of glue, but this leads to a significant increase in the total mass and the danger of uncontrolled emissions from the glue and even blast cells (a phenomenon called “Pop-off”). Soft mounting system cells (type "grid", "thin films",...) provide a significant technological gap architecture solar generators, as well as problems affecting the AOCS (Attitude on Orbit Control System the attitude control system and orbital maneuvering) control over the satellite carrier, when the attachment of the cells carry on soft wings. The idea of mounting the cells on the support substrate with the possibility of mechanical separation without thermal aspect does not work, since the mechanical separation of the actuator is t to the loss of the conductive connection and must be replaced by a radiation coupling. In case of loss of heat due "cell-substrate" is a substrate will be heated and to lose much of its effectiveness. The object of the present invention is the lattice elements of the photovoltaic cells with a rigid supporting substrate comprising a mechanical separation between each cell of this grid and the supporting substrate, providing between them a good thermal conductivity, with the specified grid is used, in particular, as a solar generator to power the electric energy satellites. Photovoltaic grid in accordance with the present invention differs in that each photovoltaic element of the lattice is fixed to the substrate using a soft, self-adhesive and easily detachable device mounting, while the rear side of each cell and the front side of the substrate containing the layer that improves their properties of thermal radiation. The present invention will be more apparent from the following detailed description of a variant of implementation, is presented as a non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, on which: Figure 1 (already mentioned above) is a schematic view in section of a photovoltaic element grid solar panel according to the prior art; Figure 2 - schematic view in section of an element f is togalvanize grid solar panel in accordance with the present invention; Figure 3 is a view in projection of the four adjacent cells photovoltaic grid solar panel in accordance with the present invention; 4 is more detailed than in figure 2, schematic view in section of a photovoltaic element grid solar panel. The invention proposes a solution to reduce mechanical connection of photovoltaic grid solar generator in relation to its supporting substrate. Indeed, the photovoltaic cell is very thin (the thickness is only a few tens of microns) and very fragile. When it is glued to the substrate, it is subjected to geometric deformation caused by vibration and especially thermoelastic phenomena and can even lead to damage to the cells. The idea is to mount the cell by soft system that allows you to disconnect the cell from the deformed parts of the substrate and to simultaneously provide sufficient radiation communication of the cell with the substrate, to avoid heating up in flight and losing its effectiveness. The solution is to use photovoltaic cells with a rear side having a high emissivity (using the grid or cover the substrate Kapton etc Ge or Ag), which is placed on a substrate using Velcro. Photovoltaic element 5, schematically shown in figure 2, with the holding photovoltaic cell 6, fixed on the corresponding area of the substrate 7 (common to multiple cells) via a connection 8 plates of Velcro® or soft self-adhesive and easily detachable similar fastening devices. A more detailed implementation of these various elements described below with reference to figure 3 and 4. Rear side 7A of the substrate 7 is treated by a known method, and its front side is covered with an insulating film of Kapton type varieties with high emissivity to ensure a good radiative thermal conductivity in the direction of a support (not shown)which attach the substrate. The coefficient of thermal radiation ε, obtained thanks to this film is, for example, 0.6 to 0.9. Figure 3 in the upper projection shows four adjacent rectangular cells 9-12 included in the photovoltaic solar panel (other cells not shown). Each of the cells 9-12 are fixed on the supporting substrate by the method described below, using the four plates 8 of Velcro, each of which have at one corner of the cell. Cells of the same column are connected via internal wiring 13. Figure 4 shows in detail the various components of the photovoltaic element 5, shown in figure 2. Itself the photovoltaic cell 6 is, for example, the classic type Si AsGa. Its rear side (opposite support) cover film 14 of selfadhesive material KaptonTMfor example, a thickness of about 50 μm. Alternatively, the coating can be a layer of metallization, for example a layer of silver. The coefficient of thermal radiation ε Kapton is about to 0.61, whereas the silver, it is approximately equal to 0.05. Preferably use Kapton etc, as it is cheaper than the metallization, although from a thermal point of view, it is less effective because it allows not to change the manufacturing process of the cells existing in the market. Side of the substrate 7 opposite the cell 6 is carbon layer 15, on which a layer 16 Kapton, as a rule, the substrate 7 is a "cell structure" for increased thermal conductivity between its front side and its rear side. Part 8A of the plates of Velcro, still connected to the cell 6, fixed on its layer 14 with adhesive, and the corresponding part 8B of the plates of Velcro, permanently United with the substrate 7 fixed with the adhesive layer 16 of the substrate, while Velcro is preferably adhesive. Thus, thanks to the invention, the radiation thermal connection between the photovoltaic cells and the substrate is achieved through the use of existing photovoltaic cells and deposition on the back side of the Lenka Kapton. In addition, the use of cells with area local gluing the back instead of gluing on the entire surface allows you to get on the back of the cell is the same (good) emissivity, as on the front side of the cell. 1. Grid photovoltaic cells with a rigid supporting substrate, wherein each photovoltaic element (5) of the lattice are fixed on the substrate (7) with a soft self-adhesive and easily detachable (8) of the fastening device, with the back side of each cell and the front side of the substrate containing the layer (14, 16), improving their properties of thermal radiation. 2. The bars on p. 1, characterized in that the soft mounting system consists of plates VelcroTMpart (8A) which is still connected to the cell, and the other part (8B) still connected to the substrate. 3. The bars on p. 2, characterized in that each cell is fixed to the base using four plates, each of which have at one corner of the surface. 4. Grating according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the said layer, which improves the properties of thermal radiation, made in the form of a layer of KaptonTMor by metallization. 5. The bars on p. 1, characterized in that part of the solar generator spacecraft.
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