The invention relates to solar power plants designed to convert solar radiant energy into electrical energy as in Sunny weather and overcast.

Well-known solar power plant, which includes vertical and horizontal shafts rotate, the latter of which installed solar photobacteria [1].

Lack of power is low efficiency, because santalina the installation is done manually once a month or quarter, which corresponds to the average azimuth latitude and time of year. The daily rotation of the power plant is carried out automatically by means of two cylindrical (left and right) thermoperiods heated by sunlight that has low reliability in conditions of low temperatures and high wind loads. The drawback is the complete lack of return the station to its original position "morning" [2].

The prototype of the invention is a solar power plant, comprising a vertical shaft driven azimuthal rotation, which is fixed to the solar photobacteria equipped with automatic system of azimuth actuator tracking the sun, and from the back side of the solar fotomature in the opposite direction of the azimuthal tracking set command photocell, which includes the polarized malosochnye Executive relay reverse drive.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the high intensity and the complexity of the design, a large and complex system of automation of tracking the sun, thus reducing reliability and increasing the value of the plant.

The present invention allows to obtain a new technical effect of simplifying and reducing the metal structure, simplification of the system of automatic sun tracking, improving reliability and reducing the cost of the power plant.

This technical effect is achieved by the fact that the solar photobacteria fixed at an angle to the plane of the horizon, equal to half of the maximum sanitarnogo angle of the sun, and divided into two equal parts, between which is secured a vertical plate, mainly reflecting surface, while the same phase of the halves of the solar fotomature counter is enabled at a low power winding of polarized relay with a dividing diodes after the winding of the relay.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a solar power station, side view.

Figure 2 - view of figure 1 on A.

Figure 3 - section 2 along a-A.

Figure 4 is an electric diagram of a solar power station.

Solar power plant includes a base 1, on which the thrust bearing 2 has a vertical shaft 3 to the frame 4 and the radial clutch 5 orientation of the vertical shaft 3. On the lower end of the VA is and installed a gear wheel 6 with the worm shaft 7 of its actuator, equipped with a reversible electric motor 8 (M) DC. At the upper end of the vertical shaft 3 is rigidly fixed solar photobacteria (Feh), which consists of two parts 9 (FE) and 10 (FA), which are separated by a longitudinal partition wall 11 that is installed by an edge with a reflective (mirror) side surfaces. The back (reverse side) set command photocell 12 (FZ). The installation angle of the solar fotomature (PV) to the vertical or horizontal direction is mostly 45°i.e. the average of the maximum angle sanitarnogo angle of the sun. This is substantiated by the fact that according to the law of physics reflection of a light beam from the angle of incidence on the glass occurs in the following percentages:

Morning drop horizontal sunlight on the solar fotomature occurs at an angle of 45°. Almost horizontal rays does not exist and the 15° ascent of the sun above the horizon takes a few minutes, which can be neglected. Then get started solar fotomature 9 (FE) and 10 (FA) you can take the angle of incidence of the solar beam on its surface equal the 30 th° that is the loss of the minimum reflection of 4.7% was only 0.2%. Set full capacity operation of the solar fotomature 9 (FE) and 10 (FA) at smaller angles of incidence of the sun's rays.

When full santalina the rise of the sun the angle of incidence of sunlight on the surface of the solar fotomature 9 (FE) and 10 (FA) for our latitude is 35°and that too only in June 20...24 numbers and then reduced to 30° and below, i.e. constantly photobacteria will work at full capacity.

In the evening after sunset there is the same pattern as in the morning sunrise, in reverse order.

Thus, there is no need sanitarnogo observations of the sun. Only the azimuthal observation of the sun is virtually no power loss, but several times simplified construction and electrical circuit automation, increases reliability and reduces the cost of the power plant.

When using solar power plant in Equatorial conditions to install the solar fotomature 9 (FE) and 10 (FA) with the rotation angle of 8...10° towards sanitarnogo rising sun.

The electrical circuit of a solar power station includes a sun fotomature Feh, which consists of two equal parts FA and FA that opposing poles (for example," -") through the diodes D1 and D2 are derived on the next phase (in particular," -") power plant. Between opposing poles FE and FE to diodes D1 and D2 and resistors R1 and R2 includes a voltmeter V and the low power winding of polarized relay WP1 neutral anchor connected to the phase of the power plant, in particular," -", and on the side of its contacts connected windings of the actuating relay PC1 and RS, in particular on the phase "+" power plant. On the rear command photocell FZ included the winding of polarized low power relay WP2 neutral anchor, through the normally closed contacts RC connected to the phase "-" power station and on the side of its contact connected to the coil of the actuating relay RS phase "+" power plant, with the side contact WP2 given in parallel, normally open contacts RS. Armature relay PC1 and RS connected to a reversible electric drive 8 (M) DC, normally closed contacts RS and RS focused on a single phase supply, in particular," -", and through normally open limit switches, KVP - right and CL - left, to another phase, in particular the "+" of the power plant. Contacts RS given in parallel with the contacts RS. Between the phases of the power plant installed battery AK.

The power plant operates as follows. When azimuthal fall of sunlight on the solar fotomature parallel to the longitudinal plane of the plate 12 regardless Zenith is a high angle of incidence of both parts 9 (FE) and 10 (FA) are equal light and both parts produce an electric current equal potentials, phase are electrically connected and at the exit of the station, these potentials are summed, with each counter included phases of 9 parts (FE) and 10 (FA) on the winding WP1, in particular," -", there is no potential difference and through the winding WP1 no electric current flows. As the azimuthal movement of the sun, from sunrise to sunset, the sun's rays begin to illuminate the West, i.e. the right half of the plate 11, the surface of which reflects the sun's rays on the surface of the right part 9 (FA) solar futabatei, thereby enhancing its activity. At the same time, the plate 11 will cast a shadow and overshadows the other, the left part 10 (FA) solar fotomature activity, which for generation of electric current is reduced. The phases between the parts 9 (FE) and 10 (FA) there is increasing potential difference. In particular, this difference appears on the phases "-" halves 9 (FE) and 10 (FA)whose alignment does not occur due to the diodes D1 and D2, are installed on each phase prior to their connection. This potential difference begins to level off through the winding low power relay WP1, i.e. you receive the current flowing through the relay coil WP1 left to right (in the drawing), ie 9 (FA) to 10 (FA). Relay WP1 work, his anchor snaps to the left pin (drawing) and casts the current the relay coil PC1. Relay PC1 is activated and its normally closed contacts C1.1 throws at N.O., ie closes on the phase "+" through the normally closed contacts KVP-limit switch right turn. Chain minus power supply, normally closed contacts RS and RS, normally open RS and normally closed KVP on the "plus" power supply is in current reverse drive "M" DC. The latter rotates your worm shaft 7 and the toothed wheel 6 rotates the vertical shaft 3 to the right together with sun photobacteria Feh up until the sun's rays wiranata along the plane of the plate 11, thereby wiranata light parts 9 (FE) and 10 (FA) solar fotomature PV, which is the same potential of the electric current in the phases. The relay coil of WP1 is de-energized, which releases its armature, opens the left contact and de-energizes relay PC1. Recent releases its armature and opens its normally open contacts PC 1.1, thereby obestochena reversible electric drive 8 (M). The last stops, stops right turn the entire plant. Further azimuthal movement of the sun right turn of plant carried out as described before sunset.

The station sleeps "backwards" to the East.

At sunrise on the morning of his rays fall on the rear command photocell 12 (FZ), which generates an electrical current in the low power winding is the relay WP2. The latter is triggered and its armature closes its contact (right drawing) and casts the current the relay coil RC. Relay R through the normally closed contacts RC operates and closes its normally open contacts RS parallel to the contacts WP2, which cambiocorsa. Simultaneously relay RS throws their contacts and closes the normally open contacts R and chain minus power supply, normally closed contacts PC 1.1, contacts RS, normally closed contacts CL (switch left) on the "plus" power poses a current reversible electric drive 8 (M) reverse polarity. Drive 8 (M) through a worm shaft 7 and the gear wheel 6 rotates the vertical shaft 3 to the left, i.e. unfolds all its power from West to East. The photocell 12 (FZ) leaves under solar radiation, winding WP2 de-energized and its armature closes its right contact. At this time closed contact R holds R under the current self-locking. In the scheme, nothing has changed and rotate the plant to the left continues until under the sun's rays will get solar photobacteria Feh, the left part 10 (FA) which falls under the sunlight reflecting on it from the plate 11, and the right part 9 (FA) remains obscured by the plate 11. On the phases of the halves 9 (FE) and 10 (FA) solar fotomature PV occurs R is snasti potentials with a predominance on the right. In this way through the winding WP1 current flows in the opposite direction, WP1 closes its armature to the right contact and puts the current the relay coil RC. Relay RS fires and contacts RS closes its normally open contacts in parallel with the contacts RS. Simultaneously relay R opens its contacts RS and breaks the circuit of relay supply RS, the latter closes its contacts RS self-locking and contacts RS the power circuit of the drive "M". However, the power drive "M" continues to be the closed state of the normally open contacts RS relay RS. The reversal of the plant to the left continues until the azimuthal alignment light parts 9 (FE) and 10 (FA), the potential difference between which is flattened winding WP1 is de-energized, its armature comes in a neutral position, severing its right contact, de-energises relay RS, which releases its contacts RS and de-energizes the reversing actuator 8 (M). The reversal of the power plant is stopped, is set to standby mode.

Further operation of the power plant is described. In any case, the stopping power (orientation) of the azimuthal position will be restored.

The resistors (the resistors R1 and R2 included in the phase are the supporting elements of the circuit resistance, which mo is ut serve to enhance the phase potentials.

The voltmeter V is in parallel with the winding WP1, can be used for visual inspection of the phase potentials during configuration.

Battery AK recharged during operation of the plant during the day and serves as a source of power supply required at night.

Limit switches KVP and CL - right and left, serve to limit the right and left rotations of the plant.

Sources of information

1. Sunflower solar. NPP "Kvant", Moscow, 2002

2. RF patent №2230395, MCL H 01 L 31/00, Solar power plant, BI No. 16, 2004

Solar power plant, comprising a vertical shaft driven azimuthal rotation, which is fixed to the solar photobacteria equipped with automatic system of azimuth actuator tracking the sun, and from the back side of the solar fotomature in the opposite direction of the azimuthal tracking set command photocell, which includes polarized low power and Executive relay reversing actuator, characterized in that the solar photobacteria fixed at an angle to the plane of the horizon, equal to half of the maximum sanitarnogo angle of the sun, and divided into two equal parts, between which is secured a vertical plate, mainly reflecting surface, while the same phase half solar is th fotomature counter is enabled at a low power winding of polarized relay with a dividing diodes after the winding of the relay.