Associative identifier of events, technological. RU patent 2498400.

FIELD: information technologies.

SUBSTANCE: associative Identifier of Events, Technological, implements a circuit of identification of expected design events/conditions of a control system, determined readings of primary sensors of process control, and whenever such occur, it generates alternative design data for direct control of process without application of software and processor resources in asynchronous mode and at the moment of control data arrival, at the same time it includes a multi-layer architecture of an item, organising address-free space of memory and providing for equal and asynchronous access of input information to each layer, in respect to input data, all layers are interconnected memory cells with elements of data comparison and control of recording procedure.

EFFECT: increased indices of reliability, trustworthiness and validity.

3 cl, 3 dwg

The technical field

The invention relates to the field of electronic technology, combines the functions of computer engineering, processing of information, data flow, and the method of identifying the primary data. The product is a universal device oriented and adapted to the creation of the systems of automatic control of technological processes. The product does not apply to computer science, so as not exercise of computing procedures and has in its composition of elements for implementation and synchronization. At the same time, the product uses the functionality of the processor systems, in terms of organization associative retrieval of information and build conventional memory space of simultaneous access.

Prior art

In terms of structure of the unaddressed memory, which is based on the building structure, articles, information is not available.

Decisions associative retrieval of information computing systems, managed data stream, known and the most closest (by function identification) is a well-known system EP 0295876 A2 from 21.12.1988 built on the basis of associative memory, allowing almost instantly identify data by comparing them with stored data in the memory on the basis of one or more databases.

This system contains at least two switches, one of which provides data transmission of associative memory modules in the Executive device, the other switch - from the actuators in the associative memory modules (see Optical associative memory for high performance digital computers with nontraditional architectures, V.S.Burtsev and V.B.Fyodorov, Optical Computing and Processing, 1991, volume 1, number 4, pp. 275-288). The system assumes centralized management and synchronization of the processes of identification and issuance of control codes.

Applies a multitude of associative memory modules allows to increase the speed of searches, as the search in the different modules of associative memory simultaneously. A disadvantage of known computer system and implemented it method is relatively high power consumption and complexity, the need to have the associative memory of large capacity for storing intermediate results of calculations and operating unreliability and low protection from the negative influence of external conditions. To ensure performance of this product requires special measures on creation of certain «comfort» operating conditions: climate-control, a fixed grounding, shielding, power supply, etc.

The product allows to maintain the functionality processor systems (including discussed above) and to eliminate the drawbacks of management systems in terms of survivability, reliability and trust.

This product is a universal product for systems providing for the identification of testimony of external parameters of the state of the controlled object with simultaneous (and immediate) elaboration of project management solutions without the use of software-CPU, which provides automatic start/stop of Executive devices (without the use of computing machinery) when it reaches the boundary, controlled values (set of values) external parameters.

The product allows to solve effectively the problems connected with construction of the automatic systems of protection and blocking of technological processes and equipment, to solve problems of management and identification of control systems in the absence of maintenance and possibility of establishing a «comfortable» conditions of operation. Allows you to create passive systems with a high degree of protection from outside interference (climatic impact, extremist and hacker attacks) with a minimum power consumption with guaranteed implementation of all project decisions.

The technical result to ensure the highest indicators survivability products and accordingly management systems, improve reliability, trust and reliability, invulnerability from external interference as for objective and subjective factors of external influence, including climate, and hacker attacks, reduce design systems, manufacturing and maintenance is achieved by the following:

- the product is absolutely passive, asynchronous control systems and does not contain device synchronization and clocking internal processes;

- the product is absolutely independent from the software and computing processes and does not contain them;

- the product is adapted for operation in the computing environment, can accept and issue digital codes for future processor;

- the product is intended to identify the occurrence of certain events and to develop management code, in accordance with the design decisions of the management;

- product stores, in explicit form, information on where and on which block (sector) comparison is the information and thereby provides data protection against unauthorized access.

These solutions are achieved by the fact that the product: «Associative identifier for the event (technology)» represents the device, architecture and circuit solutions implement the following properties:

- architecture allows for creation of the conventional memory area provides simultaneous access of all incoming information to all project management solutions without the use of commutation, multiplexing and synchronization;

- circuit solution provides associative comparison of incoming information stored solutions to the fact absolute coincidence (physical match the original with stored information) and on the fact of «shadow» (logical) comparison when significant indications of primary sensors veiled General array of incoming information.

Associative ID of the event, technological includes the following electronic and architectural components:

multi-layer (with the number i layers) architecture products, organizing memory space and providing equal and asynchronous input information to each layer in relation to incoming data;

all layers products implement a single engineering and design solution and are interrelated memory cell with elements of data comparison and control procedure for recording;

each layer of the product contains the following electronic components:

scheme of protection from the loads associated with the admission of input data;

memory block primary (project) data, N-bit input register data (N is an integer);

the physical comparison, performs a bitwise comparison known in the input data associated with a block of input data memory and contains the electronic valve opening access product data located in the register of the physical data;

diagram of logical comparison, performs a bitwise comparison known in the input data associated with a block of input data memory and contains the electronic valve opening access products to the data found in the register of the logical data;

schema compare to «0» input information that is used for the control of the correct procedure for recording new data;

scheme permission and the write lock ensuring the correctness write new data to the free sector data with electronic valve, blocking the entry of zero data and data previously recorded,

under condition of positive identification input device generates output direct control and diagnostics of the monitored process.

In this scheme of protection of loads is made as a Schmitt trigger, and diode assemblies, and electrical characteristics bitwise signals register data are sufficient for the opening of the electronic valve (thyristors) to activate power automation and handling systems.

In this document the terms of the physical and logical comparison imply:

- the result of logical comparison is produced under the condition of coincidence of significant digits (LOGIC «1»), stored in memory products, with corresponding digits data of external information, regardless of the status and values other bits of incoming information, i.e. input information contains the digits corresponding to the logical «1», and the stored information. In this case the product produces a signal (and accordingly management code) logical match regardless of the values of the other bits of the input information;

signals physical comparisons are produced subject to physical and absolute matching the values of the signals coming from external sensors, the combination of which corresponds to a combination of previously memorized project information.

The device illustrated by the following drawings.

- Figure 1 - block diagram of the Association ID of the Event (Technological) (AIS(T)), and having the «I» blocks comparison (Fig. marked layers).

- Figure 2 - the General scheme of implementation of one of the layers (Comparer) Associative Event ID (Technological).

- Figure 3 - example of use of the product in the automatic systems of control.

The structural scheme of construction of associative event ID (process), shown in figure 1, is a «mine» organization with a presence i layers (where i is an integer). Each layer represents a block of comparison and control block write new data, which block diagram is submitted in figure 2. All layers of the product have the same circuit and design solutions and contain the following sites.

1. Control unit record (figure 2 - scheme of permission and the write lock), which determines the state of the block of comparison (free/busy)generates a signal that new data is written simultaneously in all the registers of the free sector (as in fact, the product is device). Unit built on the principle of the single bit memory cell, which acts as a «check box». Outdoor check box indicates the sector is free to write. After the procedure for recording check box is closed and converted into open state of the check box next sector.

3. Scheme of physical comparison - bitwise comparison of project data input. The positive result of the comparison - issuance of permissive signal to reset the data from the register of f to the appropriate common bus f and issuance of a signal lock signal recordings. This lock excludes the possibility of recording of additional, new data, if any, have already been saved previously.

4. Diagram of logical comparison - bitwise comparison of project data input. The positive result of the comparison - issuance of permissive signal to reset the data from the register of L corresponding to the common bus HP

5. Schema comparison to «0» input information. The positive result of the comparison - lock signal recording, blocking the physical and logical schemes comparison made according to the logical element &(And). This scheme prohibits to carry out all transactions, if the input information is not significant.

6. K - bit register of physical data, conducting the storage of the alternative information relevant to the project management solutions.

7. J - bit register of the logical data that maintains the alternative of information relevant to the project management solutions.

Memory registers are made on a cell with the functions corresponding to the functions S trigger. Nonvolatile memory cells is provided through the use of technology of «burn bridges» to use FROM.

Schema comparison implement the following state of maps of Carnot.

Physical comparison

Logical comparison

Comparison to «0»

Each sector (layer) product implements the same feature, simultaneously gains access to external information, stores it, analyzes (compare) in asynchronous mode and perform the following procedures:

- storage famous (project) of the data for future comparison;

- storage control codes corresponding to the design solutions;

- selection of the external the flow of mass input of the information, identified as corresponding to known (project) data;

- elaboration of the resulting signal matches/identification of external and stored information and the issuance of the General tire alternative codes;

- formation of a signal for write access new/primary data at a specific block of comparison, free for writing.

External data stream is perceived AIS(T) (and each block (sector) comparison respectively) as a bitwise information in parallel digital code corresponding to a logical 0 or a logical «1».

The resulting signal identification can be as individual signal the result of a comparison, and control signals, which should be developed and passed in at least one Executive unit.

Product AIS(T) is associative storage device in which the record of the primary data are not managed by the principle of definition of the first free sector - block (sector) comparison is full, and the block of comparison opened for writing. Preparation of each sector to the procedure of recording and blocking it from recording are performed automatically according to the principle of the running line without the use of a processor and software resources and controlled by control unit records in each block of comparison separately.

New input data for identification may only be written in a free block of comparison, if any, directly by the operator to control the technological process and by the means of computer systems.

The management team of «record» for a product is the only one team - record new input, all other comparison operations, signal identification results etc. run automatically in asynchronous mode, without any external control and synchronization.

To exclude the possibility of external interference in the operation of the unit all the schemes of the blocks (sectors) comparisons are made in such a way that does not allow to perform operations with the change, correction, and deletion of the data recorded. Adjustment stored known data for identification is only possible if the complete destruction of all data in the product and the formation of a new block of identity information for the entire device, or the physical destruction of the device.

General technical characteristics of the product AIS(T) are listed below:

- view information processing: asynchronous, , handling code-parallel;

- number of simultaneously processed data: determined by expediency of the decision of technological problems and opportunities of the modern production of chips, but not less than 16 bits;

- the number of simultaneously produced identity: determined by expediency of the decision of technological problems and opportunities of the modern production of chips, but not less than 16;

- time identification of input information in terms of the information read: not more than 100 NS;

- power consumption: up to 100 mW;

- operating conditions correspond to conditions of operation of passive logic circuits;

technical support: not serviced during the whole service life;

- service life-not less than 30 years;

- dependence on software and CPU: independently;

- possibility of working with computer systems: provided;

- version: the chip.

Novelty consumer qualities

In a number of electronic devices, providing the processing of input signals control the process and the generation of controlling impacts, product AIS(T) takes an intermediate place between relay logic circuits and systems based on software-processor handling of data. The product combines all the positive characteristics of relay engineering (reliability, unpretentiousness to the conditions of operation and maintenance, high performance, autonomy etc) and the functionality of the processor systems in parts of the task parameters identification of primary data, identification and generation of control signals. A distinctive feature of the AIS(T) is its versatility and availability of minimal networks and the radio, which makes it highly reliable, fast and serially manufactured.

In addition,the systems constructed on a given element, do not require the implementation of new developments and consequently undergo additional testing, certification, etc., reduce the time of the installation works at the objects of implementation system, improve the maintainability and lifetimes of the product. All this significantly reduces the cost of the system as a whole.

The main difference of proposed products before analogues in the country and abroad is that the variety of combinations of input signal is not processed, analyzed for possible overlappings, drifts etc. In addition, the product does not imitate the design decisions neither technical nor the software level, and accepts them as a fact, previously installed. And on each fact of a particular event, there are certain decisions, which are also defined in advance.

Product simultaneously identifies all significant and previously recorded information in a mass flow of external incoming data, irrespective of their volume, does not require pre-processor to handle each incoming signal and its analysis on interaction and depending on the related data.

The product provides for use in systems where the development of external control signals of certain technological object is rigidly connected with a specific set of successive generation of control signals, and systems, where it is important to highlight from the uncertain and the mass flow of information component, previously a reference.

Example of constructing a system of identification data

Technological process management involves two management options: management in the normal course of technological process and control/decision-making at violation of the normal operating conditions. Normal operating conditions uniquely determines the compliance of values of primary sensors, process control algorithm for management decision making. Violation of the process involves the ability to hide patterns testimony of primary sensors with control mechanisms. In this case there should be a mechanism to identify significant shadow of control signals on the General background of the uncertainty of the sensor readings.

Consider a simple example automation liquid filling some capacity with the use of the product AIS(T).

In this case, the controlled are the following parameters:

- high level of liquid in the vessel;

- low level of liquid in the vessel;

- abnormally low level of the liquid;

- feed pump is turned on (controlled by either the pressure or voltage);

- feed pump is switched off.

To manage this process only requires two commands:

- enable feed pump;

- turn off the pump.

To diagnose denote the parameters that need to be diagnosed regardless of the course of technological process:

- breakdown of level sensors;

- emergency situation: low fluid level and feed pump is switched off.

Set the control parameters in tabular form.

Sensors control

Combinations of input/output signals

Contact number of the product

Controlled input parameters

The high level of liquid in the tank

The low level of liquid in the tank

Abnormally low fluid level

Box 1 defines the controlled indications of primary sensors, intended for the normal process control and diagnostics system. In our example to the normal management include the following indications:

- high level in the tank and pump included;

- low level in the tank and the pump is switched off.

These options require the adoption of decisions, which are reflected in unit 2. In the first case, turn off the pump, in the second - to include.

However, even if one fails, monitoring sensors, accidental, or natural, the entire chronology of events management process can be broken. To prevent negative impact of this factor in the product provides the function of tracking background/shadow events. This function is implemented in the product design and executed in parallel with the given program management product (logical compliance).

Logical consistency implies the identification of significant or critical parameters (or set of parameters)that determine the deviation course of technological process, regardless of the General indications of primary sensors. The task of critical combinations of input signals by entering the primary data and control codes (reflected in columns 6, 7 unit 1, this example). Column 6 defines the diagnostic operation, column 7 - emergency. Making decisions on these indications is determined by the values set in the Boolean case (box 3), which can be transferred to the operator's Desk or in the system of computer diagnostics, or on the entrance of the similar product AIS(T) for automatic processing.

This scheme includes all the system of management, starting from the relay circuits and ending processor-based systems. The proposed option reduces the system, enhances its reliability, reduces dependence on energy and maintenance costs.

All the features of the product are implemented in a uniform design execution, made in the form of chips, consistent with existing state standards.

1. Associative ID of the event, the technology includes the following electronic and architectural components: a multi-layer (with the number i layers) architecture products, organizing memory space and providing equal and asynchronous input information to each layer in relation to incoming data; all layers products implement a single circuit and design solution and are interrelated memory location elements of data comparison and control procedures entries; each layer of the product contains the following electronic components: protection scheme from the loads associated with the admission of input data; block of memory to store primary (project) data, N-bit input register data (N is an integer); scheme physical comparison, performs a bitwise comparison known in the input data associated with a block of input data memory and contains the electronic valve opening access products to the data found in the register of the physical data; schema logical comparison, which bitwise comparison known in the input data associated with a block of input data memory and contains the electronic valve opening access products to the data found in the register of the logical data; schema compare to «0» input information that is used for the control the correct procedure for recording new data; schema permission and the write lock ensuring the correctness write new data to the free sector data with electronic valve, blocking the entry of zero and the data previously recorded, under condition of positive identification of the input data the device produces output data of direct management and diagnostics of the monitored process.

2. Associative ID of the event, technological according to claim 1, characterized in that the protection scheme of loads is made as a Schmitt trigger, and diode assemblies.

3. Associative ID of the event, technological according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical characteristics bitwise signals register data are sufficient for the opening of the electronic valve (thyristors) to activate power automation and handling systems.