Underwater rescue complex with built-in multifunctional capsules

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to marine rescue operations. Proposed complex may be installed inside submarine or surface ship hull, or delivered to submerged submarine or surface ship to allow crew rescue by "dry process". Internal capsule is released from external capsule via ejection hatches similarly to torpedoes. Said capsules may be used as ballast tanks or fresh water, compressed air, diving gases, etc, storage and supply tanks. Besides, used are docking and surface modules. All modules of proposed complex with crews inside may be delivered to sunk ships and submarines by rescue ships or aircraft and paradroped. After surfacing, said capsules may be used as decompression chambers.

EFFECT: notable decreased on rescue terms.

9 cl, 8 dwg

Underwater rescue complex with nested multifunctional capsules relates to the salvation of men from the sunken surface vessels and submarines. The invention, hereinafter referred to as the complex, can be installed in the hull of a submarine or surface vessel, and delivered and be connected to a flooded boat for the salvation of mankind "dry method".

Known different rescue from sunken submarines. The Englishman Davis in 1912 patented underwater observation chamber, and in 1931 received a patent for an individual breathing apparatus for rescue divers. Since the late 1920-ies on submarines install cameras Davis ' - kind of emergency hatches. In the 1930-ies appeared hoods, Belloni, and individual breathing apparatus Massena. At the same time, started the manufacture of rescue camera Mac-Kenna. In the 1960-ies have evolved rescue submersibles. The submarines were fitted with pop-up rescue camera reusable and disposable steps, Autonomous and tie, appeared tethered underwater working cameras operated underwater projectiles and rescue submarines.

For the prototype we will adopt a rescue chamber or bell MC-Kenna http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spasatelnaya Luggage MC-Kenna. Bell Mac-Anna - this is a solid cylindrical design, spuskaemsya rope on Board the rescue ship. The inner part of the bell from the lower open part is protected by a bulkhead with hatch. At the top of the bell there is another hatch, through which you can get inside of the bell or out of it. After flooding the boat, divers prefer buoy lifting the guide rope attached to the special flat area of the deck above the entrance hatch of the submarine, called the coaming area. The bell to fall through the water on their own rope, guide rope rescue is attached to the winch and selected it during the dive. Bell pulls up to the entrance hatch of the submarine and rises on the coaming. Operators inside the bell siphon off water from the bottom of the bell, as the result of the hydrostatic pressure it is pressed to the coaming. Open the lower hatch of the bell and the front hatch of the boat and the divers go into the bell. Hatches zdravotna, the lower part of the bell is filled with water, and he, being separated from the coaming area, rises to the surface. With a larger number of divers, the operation is repeated more than once.

The disadvantages of the bell include: a great time for delivery of the bell to a flooded boat and making several flights of the bell, the complexity of the rescue operations of salonu the Shih boat with a large roll and pitch.

The proposed complex eliminates the mentioned disadvantages. The claimed invention solves the problem of obtaining the means of salvation, allowing essentially to reduce the time rescue from sunken boats and ships.

The essence of the invention is that the design of the complex consists of functional modules, installed between themselves, while the capsule module contains several nested into each other multifunctional capsules. Due to the relatively small size of the modules can be embedded in the hull and/or deliver to the place of salvation, rescue boats, or by air, dropping by parachute with the crew inside. The number of nested capsules and the possibility of transporting aviatransporte significantly reduces the time of the rescue operation.

The technical result will be the creation of a rescue people from the sunken boat, allowing to reduce the time of rescue operations.

Figure 1 is a capsule module three nested multifunctional capsules with giving hatches. In the external capsule 1 mounted on it giving Luke 2 nested inner capsule 3 mounted on it giving Luke 4, which in turn invested another small capsule 5 without giving the hatch.

In figure 2 the same capsule module in section, with the access hatch 6 minor who apsule, entrance hatch 7 internal capsule and the access hatch 8 external capsule, and the shell 9 of the joining node. Also shown is part of a docking module built into the hull, here butt site of the shell 10 and the passageway 11. Between the capsules are sealed bulkhead 12.

Figure 3 docking module, not built into the boat, and delivered to her. The housing 13 has several identical butt of nodes in the structure of membranes and sealed hatches, portholes or without them, for example, the node 10 for mating with the capsule module, the node 14 to dock with the boat and the node 15 for interfacing with other modules. On the housing are attached removable 16 and/or 17 fixed chassis screws.

Figure 4 variant of the docking module, the casing 18 of the conical butt node 19 for coupling to pipes torpedo tubes.

The axis of the nodes 10, 14, 15 and 19 may have different angles of inclination to the axis of the housing 18 and located in different planes.

Figure 5 fixing device for fixing the joining node 14 of the docking module to the entrance hatch 20 boats on the type of clamp 21 and the brackets 22 by means of bolt fasteners 23 in the section.

Figure 6 butt tapered node 19, made in the form of a sealed tube of bonded alternately alternating cylindrical and conical rings introduced into the tube torpedo tubes 24 in the cut. To the housing of the docking module sacral the us ring with the largest diameter, next to them are attached tubes and cones with a smaller diameter, and at the end of the node ring has the smallest diameter, for example, it should be obviously less 533 mm On the outer surface of the cone of the node are attached to the ring or segment seal 25 on the basis of strong elastic materials, ensuring the sealing of the gap between the pipe torpedo tubes 24 and put him in a cone node 19. Inside the cone of the node is attached to the pipe 26, through which through holes 27 in the cone node in the above-mentioned clearance is served fast-curing mixture 28.

7, the housing 29 of the sunken boat, lying on the ground with a roll of 90°, to its entrance hatch 20 is docked complex of stacked two docking modules 30 with three capsule modules 31. Turn 5 counterclockwise by 90°, we get a picture of the boat without roll. As you can see, the salvation of the people from the boat to roll or pitch more than 90°.

On pig in the pipe 24 torpedo tubes boats 29 entered tapered butt site docking module 30, and coupled with one capsule module 31.

VARIANT of the COMPLEX, BUILT IN the BOAT

Capsule module is placed and fastened in the depressurized compartment with a large outer hatch and valves for adoption and removal of sea water, not shown. Between the capsules are bulkheads 12, assigned to one of the cap is ul one-piece sealed connection another sealed detachable, due to the presence of the seal attached to the edge of the bulkhead and/or capsule. Capsules are fastened and fixed to each other by means of locks, latches or clamps managed remotely, hereinafter referred to as the tabs capsules. The tabs capsules open release smaller capsules to exit and ascent. All hatches sealed, opened, closed, and locked in the open and closed positions inside capsules and/or from the docking module locks with remote-control devices, hereinafter referred to as manageable locks. Giving hatches capsules provides installation and return or exit nested capsules. Inside the capsules can be fastened to the brackets for mounting the reinforcing collapsible bulkheads and additional power elements, securing insurance for people on the type of seat belts or similar items and other items, such as cans with breathing mixture or first aid kits. Capsules or hatches sealed piping penetrating into capsules, United fittings with stop cocks, valves, pumps, auxiliary power sources, and other elements of outside and/or inside the capsules, to remove the water from each capsule one pipeline and etching or run the air on the other, hereinafter referred to as Nason the apparatus. Inside the airlock compartment boats, internal and external capsules, fixed rails compressed air and other hardware, ensuring a return or release of nested capsules, similar devices torpedo tubes, hereinafter referred to as the device output. In different parts of the boat hull may have several capsule modules, for example in the forward, aft and/or other compartments. Capsule modules multi-function to use for its intended purpose they can be used as ballast tanks as storage of drinking water, as cylinders of compressed air for blowing ballast as cylinders with breathing mixtures for filling individual breathing apparatus. The inclusion of modules in the design of the boat with the reduction of volume and weight of the above devices will not influence essentially on the volume and weight of the boat. The most important arguments for the installation of several modules will be able to save people from different compartments, if between them for obvious reasons will not pass, and the possibility of using other modules, if one of the modules or module, where it is installed, will be destroyed.

Option without the docking module without input hatches in capsules. In this case, the input airlock hatch compartment is located near the giver hatches through which you can log in capsules./p>

Capsule modules and giving hatches can be of various shapes and be placed in the boat at different angles to the axis of the boat. If in capsules places for evacuation of the entire crew of the boat is not enough, you can return capsule, which apply a rope to a winch.

The device returns, the pumping device, the tabs capsules, controlled locks, sealed hatches and bulkheads, brackets, winches, ropes, insurance, etc. are not described and in the drawings are not shown, as known in the art from the prior art and are not distinctive features of the present invention.

After the decision on leaving the boat, you need to log in to the docking module, open the airlock valve cover and giving the manholes 2 and 4, to take fresh water in the depressurized compartment of the capsule 1 and 3 with simultaneous etching of air through the pumping device or without etching; open passageway 11 of the joining node 10 and alternately doors 8, 7 and 6; in parallel, after pressure equalization, to open the outer hatch of the boat; to enter into a small capsule 5; close hatches 6 and 7, to enable the device returns to release a small capsule. Next, a small capsule comes out and POPs up. After the release of small capsules to close the hatch 4, to pump out water from the capsule 3, to open the access hatch 7, to enter the capsule 3, to close the hatches 7 and 8, to give the capsule 3, which also POPs up by itself. Then closed the hatch 2, to drain the water from the capsule 1, to open the access hatch 8, to enter the capsule 1, to close the hatches 8 and 11, to take the intake water inside the compartment between nodes 9-10 or, alternatively, to file down excess pressure and to give the capsule 1. Alternatively, the capsule 1 can go without butt node 9 or with him, for what preliminary site rustiques, or, another option, capsule docked to node 10, and node 9 no. The angle of the capsules from the vertical when the output can be from 0° to 90° or more, so the release or return of the capsules as possible after flooding of the boat and/or during an uncontrolled dive boats with a pitch of 90° or more.

The winning time is obvious, because it is not necessary to wait for the return of the capsules, the reception of ballast for pressure equalization and the opening of the hatches occurs only once, the interval capsules minimum and equal to the time of closing of the giver of the hatch, remove the water from the capsule, the entrance to her people, opening and closing the inlet opening.

VARIANT of the system DELIVERED TO the BOAT

If the design of the sunken boat no built-in modules, to save people, bringing capsule and connecting modules from the outside and linked them with the boat. Delivered capsule module does not differ from the built-in, does not have fundamental differences, and sequences of actions to release capsules. The main differences are docking mo is Uli, they can be self-propelled or without stroke. Self-propelled docking have the opportunity to maneuver for approach and docking to the capsule modules and boat. Self-propelled expansion module has the engine, transmission, removable or non-removable wheels, batteries, ballast tanks, pipelines, tanks of compressed air cylinders with breathing mixture, controls, lighting, communications, hydro-acoustics devices, anchors, ropes, winches and other equipment necessary for independent movement of the capsule docking with the module on the water surface or under water, control capsule module and its parts and the salvation of men. Expansion modules without progress does not have an engine, wheels, etc. and for their towing and docking with a sunken boat involved other subs or surface ships.

Separation of the complex into separate abutting part allows you to create modules of a relatively small size permits them to be transported not only by special courts, but also by air. The expansion module can jump with a crew of 1-2 people inside, which in module requires special devices, to which is fastened the crew during the landing, hereinafter referred to as the troop seats. All modules must have the hooks and eyes to fasten the help of a parachute and brake systems, as well as cables for expansion modules to each other and docking on the surface or submerged positions. In the design module, you need to have a small ballast tanks, providing modules required roll or pitch when joining the sunken boat. The butt edges of the nodes have a special seal for sealing contact with the boat hull.

When we receive information about the accident, modules and crews are immersed in transport aircraft at the nearest airbase, if the distance to the sunken boat large or rescue vessels in the nearest port, if the distance is small. The modules of the aircraft dropped on parachutes with the crew inside or go down and rescue vessels in close proximity to the flooding. The winning time is obvious.

If the situation on the sea is calm, the modules are joined together in surface position, if the sea big waves or storm, the modules are concatenated cables and Autonomous immersed to a depth where the effects of the storm are minor, and are joined in a submerged position. Next, attached the complex on their own approaches to the sunken boat. To reduce the effect of underwater currents docking module throws an anchor upstream from the boat to correct for the effects of flow on the connection and rescue operations.

Ispolzuemaya ballast tanks, provided the desired roll and pitch of the docking module, and its chassis screws create force and press one of its connecting nodes close to the entrance hatch of the boat. Next, water is pumped out of the cavity of the joining node. Under the driving force of the screws and/or hydrostatic pressure of the expansion module is pressed into the boat. The crew opened the hatches in the module and the boat, then the locking devices attached to the module on the boat. Pinning should be thorough to ensure a long message complex with the boat. When a large roll and pitch and sagging of the complex should be compensated for blowing small ballast tanks. Further it is possible to save people, which may in turn come in capsule and float in them.

For reliable connections to the pipe torpedo tubes it is necessary that the length of the cone of the node and its rings, the angle of the axis of the hub, the diameters of the rings should be in such a combination that was able to log butt cone of the node in the torpedo tube, at least one cylindrical ring, even if the pipe is deepened in the boat hull and the surface of the boat hull in this place is not perpendicular with the axis of the torpedo tubes.

Capsules deliver rescue modules to use as a rescue can be used as containers, sufficient is arranged in the flooded boat cylinders with breathing mixtures, warm clothes and hot drinks.

In addition, the complex may include a surface module, which represents a small surface vessel displacement, with the possibility of landing with the crew used as a tug for collecting and docking modules in surface position. On the surface module can be fuel, communications equipment, inflatable boats, warm clothes, water, a small supply of food and medicines.

At greater depths, the water pressure is significant, and if necessary, to strengthen the design of capsules or installing reinforcing collapsible bulkheads with additional security elements, or increased pressure in the capsule. It is important to follow the decompression mode, and if the ascent was quick, and we need to continue to be in the capsules and to lower the pressure in the capsules gradually. In this case, the capsules have another function will be the decompression chambers.

The above-mentioned known devices are not described and in the drawings are not shown, as is clear to the experts.

If the size of the cargo compartment air transport aircraft enable, it is advisable capsule and connecting the modules to be reset in the dock that will further reduce the time of the rescue operation.

The complex, with its integrated self-propelled article is forging module, can dive and dock to the boat or vessel without the use of ropes and cables. Capsule and docking modules can be integrated into the construction of another vessel, which makes possible the salvation of people not only from submarines, and other vessels without external rescue funds.

The technical result is achieved, the invention significantly reduces the time for rescue operations. All elements of the complex can be produced industrially.

1. Underwater rescue complex with nested multifunctional capsules comprising at least one capsule module consisting of at least one external capsule and fixed thereto, at least one of the giver of the hatch, at least one input of the hatch or without it, with at least one controllable lock with remote seal and the opening to enter the capsule, or release capsules, at least one bulkhead at least one release capsules, at least one the device returns, providing undocking and release capsule for ascent, at least one pumping device capable of receiving and removing fresh water from the capsules, and executed with at least one docking module, consisting of, IU the greater extent, one of the housing and mounted thereon, at least one of the joining node, providing transition in capsule capsule module, at least one of the joining node, providing the joint and the message with the boat, with or without the possibility of installing modules inside and/or outside of the boat, and/or delivery and dock to it after flooding, intended for the evacuation of people moving from the sunken boat inside the capsules through the cradle or directly, characterized in that it consists of modules with the ability to dock with each other and with the boat; inside of outer capsule capsule the module is still at least one internal capsule, similar to the external, but having smaller dimensions; internal capsule goes through giving Luke external capsule; what external and internal capsules joined together tight bulkheads; that capsules are multifunctional, with the possibility of storing and transporting them in fresh or potable water, compressed air or breathing gas, as well as finding people to undergo decompression regime; what's inside capsules fixed brackets reinforcing collapsible bulkheads and additional force elements.

2. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the internal capsule may be posted by the school, at least one small capsule a similar design, or without giving the hatch, with each small capsule, in turn, can be placed even at least one smaller capsule similar in design or without giving the hatch etc.

3. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the connecting module is a self-propelled underwater vehicle with the ability to self-turn, dive and maneuver to dock with the capsule module and boat.

4. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the surface includes a module that represents a small surface vessel displacement used as a tug for collection of modules on the water surface after landing and docking in their surface position.

5. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the docking station and capsule modules can be delivered to the sunken boat in the dock or separately, with the possibility of further connections directly at the place of salvation.

6. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting module has a tapered butt site, entry into the tube torpedo tubes boats and people go through them from the boat in a docking module.

7. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the design modules are small ballast tanks, providing roll and/or pitch at the time of joining Sladkoe.

8. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the capsules do not have input hatches, and the entrance and exit into the capsule through giving hatches.

9. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the outside of the modules have hooks or lugs for attachment of lifting cables, providing lifting, loading, transportation and unloading of capsules, including water surface with surface vessels, and/or parachute and brake systems to clear the water from the air, and inside the modules are mounted troop seat that is fastened to the crew during the landing.