Underwater salvage complex

FIELD: transportation; salvage operations.

SUBSTANCE: complex includes carrier vessel with rescue bell, coaming platform and round trip equipment. Flexible transport pipeline is installed in carrier vessel with the possibility of longitudinal displacement. One end of pipeline is connected to rescue bell, and on the other end coaming platform and hatch are arranged, with the help of which pipeline is fixed in body of carrier vessel. In fore body and stern of carrier vessel response coaming platforms and hatches are arranged. Flexible transport pipeline is arranged in the form of metal shells, which are connected by means of flanges to flexible elements. Hydraulic cylinders are installed between shells. Transporter is installed inside flexible transport pipeline. On rescue bell gripping device is installed with hydraulic cylinders, stems of which are connected to hooks. Coaming platform of rescue bell is installed with the possibility of longitudinal displacement and variation of longitudinal axis incline angle relative to bell axis.

EFFECT: immediacy, efficiency and reliability of works on rescue of people from sunk submarine.

6 cl, 6 dwg

The invention relates to techniques for the rescue of the crews of sunken submarines and can be used to conduct underwater and diving operations on the inland water basins, in remote areas of the World ocean, as well as in harsh weather conditions of the Arctic seas.

In modern technique to rescue the crews of sunken submarines used rescue bell Autonomous rescue vehicles (see "journal of Underwater technology and the world ocean", 2006, №1, p.48-55). The principle of their action is the same and is in education, with a joint coaming-site bell or coaming-site Autonomous rescue apparatus with coaming area lying on the ground emergency submarine, a sealed air cavity around rescue emergency hatch of a submarine. This cavity creates the possibility of opening the cover rescue hatch of a submarine and navigate her crew rescue bell or compartment Autonomous rescue apparatus.

To deliver rescue bells and Autonomous rescue vehicles in a region where emergency submarine use of surface vessels or submarines (see "Morskoy sbornik, No. 3, 1990, p.67-70), which serve as a means to ensure the work of spicate is lnyh bells and Autonomous rescue vehicles, and means receiving the rescued crew.

Practice operations to rescue submariners have shown how the efficiency of rescue of bells and Autonomous rescue devices, and their lack of opportunities, the cause of which: extremely hard conditions of rescue operations and the specific environment of the activity, which sets specific requirements for structural properties rescue funds, and create a lot of restrictions on their use. We are talking about the physical conditions of the underwater space - great hydrostatic pressure, total darkness, zero gravity currents. These cruel conditions certainly added: agitation of the water surface, strong wind, and in the Northern latitudes and even low air and water temperatures, icing equipment, floating ice, or solid ice field that not only can significantly interfere with the rescue operations, but also (at some time) to make them impossible. A significant disadvantage of rescue operations with the use of rescue bells and Autonomous rescue vehicles is the duration of the preparatory activities and the complexity of the execution of the main works. The use of rescue bell requires precise installation of the carrier vessel over Satanov is it a submarine. In large (4 or more) excitement this operation with the required accuracy almost impossible. The offline rescue apparatus is substantially limited by the small energy reserves and weak capacities of propulsion. In some cases, these circumstances may even exclude them landing on coaming-site emergency submarine, as the movement of Autonomous rescue apparatus to emergency submarine, its maneuvering at clarifying and positioning when choosing the moment of landing on the coaming of the hatch area of the submarine can be time consuming and require this energy is more than can be self rescue device on Board. When you roll an emergency submarine more than 45 degrees or velocity over 2.5 site no rescue bell, no Autonomous rescue apparatus is not able to dock with the coaming area emergency submarine, as well as the power of their own systems of maneuvering is not enough either to tilt to the desired angle case, as well as tightly related coaming-pad, neither can resist the power flow. No rescue bell, no Autonomous rescue apparatus can not be removed from emergency submarine entire crew for one landing, because they do not have sufficient amounts of their on the of eseni because of the limitations of a technical nature (for example, the displacement, mass, geometry).

As a result, neither the rescue bell, or Autonomous rescue devices do not allow us to begin rescue operations, to create continuity of the process and do not provide the ability to remove the entire crew at the same time for a single connection to the sunken submarine.

Also known "the way of the rescue of the crew of a submarine lying on the ground," according to the patent of Russian Federation RU 2274583 C2. This method consists in the fact that saving the submarine stops in the immediate vicinity of the emergency and between coaming-space-saving submarine and coaming-site emergency submarine set using the robotic arm Flex, which translate the emergency crew of the submarine on saving the submarine.

The method includes the idea that allows you to solve the issue of continuity of rescue operations and the transfer of the crew from the rescue submarine to saving the submarine in its entirety. However, the proposed design solution this idea has a number of disadvantages that make it impossible to consider it effective for rescue operations, and within the properties and characteristics of equipment used for carrying out under adnych works. For example, the need for convergence saving submarine emergency submarine lying on the ground, a minimum distance (based on figure 1 of the patent is 2-5 meters) almost impossible. Combat submarines submerged at low speeds do not have the agility required to perform this approach, and therefore be used as a rescued definitely can't. If the submarine to be equipped with system thruster means and thus to solve the question of its convergence with emergency submarine, acutely the question arises about the safety of such convergence, as in a submerged position at low speed at which it will be necessary to carry out the convergence, a submarine, as a body, in zero gravity and subjected to various disturbing factors (power flow, the inertia of its mass, the effect thrusters inequalities of mass and buoyancy)may not be strictly in equilibrium and its inertial oscillations in the transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions can lead to the piles on saving the submarine, and, possibly, damage to the dangerous nature. This situation is aggravated by the fact that in a submerged position convergence will occur with full visual the particular emergency of the submarine, and when the lights of the television system will allow her to see (from 2 to 10 m, depending on water clarity), thrusters rescue submarine can perturb bottom mud so that the visibility would be zero and the operation to convergence or will require too much time, or will end collision with saving the submarine.

A significant drawback of the method is to install Flex using the robotic arm, shown in figure 3 description of the invention. To keep the pipe from sinking under his weight of about 50 tons, and for the minimum required length of pipeline 60 m required amount of buoyancy equal to about 50 m³. The creation of such buoyancy will lead to designs with a mass of about 100 tons, which will need to have or pipeline (not to drown when launching), or the robot arm (in a submerged position to hold the pipe from sinking). The total weight of the pipeline and the robotic arm will reach values of 200 tons and will become, in practice the use of submarine rescue vehicles, the system is not only difficult to control, but also difficult to transport and to bring into action that will make possible a reduction in the duration of the preparatory OPE the Nations and to achieve the efficiency of rescue operations.

The Flex design for desired performance may not have as fiberglass shell under external pressure (as shown by the attempts of their application in missile and submarine shipbuilding) do not have sufficient strength and resistance. Flexible insert with a small length will not be able to provide bending of the pipeline, because of the conditions of ensuring the strength will be too hard. When increasing the length of flexible they will be able to provide bending of the pipeline, but may lose their shape as a result of the emergence of elasticity will be compressed by external pressure to the flattened state.

A significant drawback of rescue operations with the use of rescue bells, Autonomous rescue apparatus and method of the rescue of the crew of a submarine lying on the ground" Russian Federation patent RU 2274583 C2 is the duration of the preparatory activities and the complexity of the execution of the main works. For the successful rescue personnel emergency submarine rescue vehicle must arrive at the disaster area in the shortest possible time, to begin rescue operations immediately and hold it in the shortest time, as the main evaluation criterion is the duration of the rescue operations is permissible time of stay is for people in the compartments emergency submarine (for example, under the terms of the increasing air pressure in the compartment, the rate of supply of water and its level in the compartment, the deterioration of the composition of the gas environment, changes in the radiation environment).

Of the known systems rescue the crews of sunken submarines the closest to the technical nature of the claimed invention is a complex consisting of a rescue bell and a vessel of this bell (Kozuchow L.V. Creation and development of rescue vessels of the Navy. - "Shipbuilding", №5, 1997).

The objective of the invention is to provide efficiency, effectiveness and reliability processes work to rescue people from a sunken submarine.

The problem is solved by the fact that in the famous rescue complex, including a vessel carrier and rescue bell coaming area and pulling-lifting device, the vessel carrier has a flexible transport pipeline with the possibility of longitudinal movement, one end of which is connected with the rescue bell, and the other end fixed to the body of the carrier vessel, while at the end of the flexible transportation line made coaming-Playground and Luke, and in the case of the carrier vessel in the fore and aft parts are also made in response coaming-site and hatches.

In addition, flexible transport pipeline is executed in the form of metal the ski shells, connected to each other by means of flanges with great freedom of movement relative to each other, and between the flanges of the shells installed flexible elements made in the form of corrugated pipes made of elastic material.

In addition, the bell is mounted the gripper with the cylinders, the rods are attached with the possibility of reciprocating movement of the hooks.

In addition, coaming-Playground bells installed on it with the possibility of longitudinal displacement and tilt of its longitudinal axis relative to the axis of the bell by means of hydraulic rams connected with it and with the body of the bell.

In addition, between the shells of flexible transport pipeline mounted hydraulic cylinders to increase the effectiveness of the management of flexible transport pipeline.

In addition, inside the flexible transport pipeline mounted conveyor, made in the form of a cable driven reel winches and trolleys attached to the rope.

Transport pipeline is:

for uninterrupted supply of all types of energy to the place of rescue in the case of the sunken submarine without any restrictions as required by their number, and the required power, which would make the production process rescue the operations are continuous, and it minimized;

for immediate delivery tools, consumables or any parts (tool for cutting, welding, drilling is required to fix zaklina, debris)that will make it possible to create a high technical support and rescue and their technological continuity;

- to create the possibility of transition of the emergency crew of the submarine to rescue the ship without any restrictions on their number and the required time;

- creation of conditions for the withdrawal of people from adjacent compartments emergency submarine, which is different from the situation of the compartment, to which are connected the transport pipeline, due to the possibility of creating in the bell and pipe conditions equal conditions in any compartment, and the ability to deliver to the emergency place any tool to conduct rescue operations of any nature;

for providing better working conditions for divers by eliminating the necessity of lifting them to the surface with a large pressure drop, leading to decompression sickness, as in the transport pipe can be made equal to the conditions where they work, and the path to the pressure chambers, they can be done at constant pressure.

Connection SPASATEL the aqueous bells with the vessel carrier dry and constant transport pipe (channel) excludes a number of auxiliary and re-operations (removing the bells from the coaming-site emergency submarine and the rise of bells with part of her crew on the vessel carrier, a second descent of the bell to the emergency submarine, re-feeding to the coaming-site and landing on coaming-pad, repeated opening and closing of hatches).

Declare rescue package allows you to make the process of bringing people out of the compartments emergency submarine operational, continuous, reliable and efficient, allowing you to remove the crew completely for one connection, as the crew goes directly to the vessel carrier, the volume of the premises which exceeds the amounts rescue bells or Autonomous rescue vehicles.

The inventive device rescue unit, illustrated by drawings:

figure 1 shows a General view of the proposed rescue of the complex.

figure 2 shows the node I with figure 1 - the device is to transition people from the aft hull rescue vessel in flexible transport pipeline;

figure 3 shows the node II figure 1 - the design of the device for people to move from flexible transport pipeline in the fore part of the hull rescue vessel at operating (when the pipeline is lowered to the emergency submarine) position of the transport pipeline;

figure 4 rescue bell and the scheme of the design of the transport line;

figure 5 and 6 shows a diagram of all the underwater rescue complex operation.

Underwater rescue complex in figure 1 includes a vessel-carrier submarine(PL) 1, rescue bell 2 thruster system (not shown) and flexible transport pipe 3. The bell 2 is mounted at the end of the transport pipe 3, which is mounted on a rugged 4 PL 1 can move in the longitudinal direction along the SUBMARINE hull 1 by means of a drive (not shown). And the other end of the flexible transportation line 3 is attached to the SUBMARINE hull 1. To ensure access of people of durable housing 4 PL 1 in flexible transport pipe 3 for holding, for example, preparatory work on the other end of the flexible transportation line 3 (see figure 2) is mounted coaming-space 5 and Luke 6, and on the aft hull 4 PL 1 - response coaming-Playground 7, Luke 8 and cremalleras the shutter 9. To ensure the connection of flexible transport pipeline 3 with durable housing 4 when it is moved into the working position (emergency descent to a submarine) in the fore part of the hull 4 (see figure 3) by analogy with the aft part of the hull 4 is installed response coaming-Playground 10, Luke 11 and cremalleras the shutter 12.

On the lower part of the rescue bell 2 (see figure 4) installed coaming platform 13 can move along the axis of the rescue peg is La 2 and change the angle of its axis relative to the axis of the rescue bell 2. For a steady and controlled pressure coaming-site 13 rescue bell 2 to coaming-site 14 emergency submarine 15 around the perimeter of the rescue bell 2 mounted hydraulic cylinders 16. In order to accelerate the process of joining the rescue bell 2 with coaming area 14 emergency submarine 15 around the perimeter of the rescue bell 2 installed hydraulic cylinders 17, the rods are attached to the hooks 18.

Flexible transport pipe 3 is made in the form of a series of annular rings 19 of different diameters are connected to each other by means of flanges 20 that are installed relative to each other with large gaps with the goal of making the flexible transportation line 3 flexibility. To ensure the tightness of the flanged joints of the shells 19 and to maintain flexibility in the transport pipe 3 is installed corrugated ring 21 of elastic material.

For ease of movement of people on the flexible transportation line 3 in it is mounted a conveyor made by any of the known and the rational for the considered case diagram - rope 22, driven by a winch drum 23, and truck 24 attached to the cable 22.

Coaming space 14 communicates with the hatch 25 emergency submarine 15.

To control the flexibility of the transport pipe 3 between the part of his shells to ascertain what s the cylinders 26.

The complex operates as follows (see figure 5).

Boat-medium (rescue submarine) 1, approaching emergency submarine 15, manufactures flexible transport pipe 3 and sends it to the area coaming platform 14 emergency PL 15. Rescuers located in the flexible transportation line 3, using the propulsion system, mounted on the bell (not shown), suggest the bell 2 on coaming-pad 14 emergency submarine 15 and sliding the hooks 18 (see figure 4), produced with their help rescue hook bells 2 for flange coaming platform 14. Coaming-pad 13 rescue bell 2 under the action of hydraulic cylinders 16 are led to the coaming-site 14 emergency submarine 15 and tightly to it press. Of the closed volume formed by connecting the coaming platform 13 rescue bell 2 and coaming platform 14 emergency submarine 15, pump water and hatch 25 emergency submarine 15 is available for work in conditions dry space and normal atmospheric pressure.

Technology o people of the compartments emergency submarine is selected depending on the conditions prevailing in the compartments. If compartments are sealed and the air in them is normal, the same as in the transport pipe 3, the pressure, tokrisna emergency hatch of a submarine 15 open at once and people of its compartments is transferred to the emergency bell 2, and then on the transport line 3 - vessel carrier 1. If conditions in the compartments more complex, similar conditions create rescue bell 2 and in the transport pipe 3 and people from the Bay emergency VL 15 is transferred into the transport pipe 3 in the same conditions that were in the compartment emergency PL 15, and then, if necessary, in the decompression chamber vessel 1.

The equipment of the carrier vessel dry and permanent flexible transport pipeline installed to move along the body of the carrier vessel and sealed fastening on him, United with rescue bell, allows to make the process of bringing people out of the compartments emergency submarine continuous time output minimum or any need, and the crew to take off completely during a single connection.

1. Underwater rescue complex, including a vessel carrier and rescue bell coaming area and pulling-lifting device, characterized in that the vessel carrier has a flexible transport pipeline with the possibility of longitudinal movement, one end of which is connected with the rescue bell, and on the other end made coaming platform with hatch through which flexible transport pipes fixed to the body of the carrier vessel, fore and aft parts the hull of the carrier is made response coaming-site and hatches.

2. Underwater rescue complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible transportation line made in the form of metal rings connected to each other by means of flanges with great freedom of movement relative to each other, and between the flanges of the shells installed flexible elements made in the form of corrugated pipes made of elastic material.

3. Underwater rescue complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the bell is mounted the gripper with the cylinders, the rods are attached with the possibility of reciprocating movement of the hooks.

4. Underwater rescue complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the coaming-Playground bells installed on it with the possibility of longitudinal displacement and tilt of its longitudinal axis relative to the axis of the bell by means of hydraulic rams connected with it and with the body of the bell.

5. Underwater rescue complex according to claim 1, characterized in that between the shells of flexible transport pipeline mounted hydraulic cylinders to increase the effectiveness of the management of flexible transport pipeline.

6. Underwater rescue complex according to claim 5, characterized in that the flexible transport pipeline mounted conveyor, made in the form of a cable driven reel winches, truck, when repleni to the rope.