Floating-up escape chamber

FIELD: submarine rescue equipment and life-saving appliances.

SUBSTANCE: proposed escape chamber may be used as decompression chamber. This chamber has pressure hull with upper and lower access hatches made in form of truncated cone for securing it on submarine hull. Escape chamber has seats for persons being rescued and life support facilities. Secured on the outside are fairing, buoyancy unit, fasteners, pushers and ballast. Escape chamber hull has horizontal hermetic bulkheads rated for high decompression chamber, thus forming adjacent hermetic chambers which may be brought into communication with hatches through air-lock trunk. Upper and center chambers are provided with decompression facilities. Lower access hatch is communicated with lower chamber where decompression control and monitoring station is located. Upper access hatch is communicated with upper chamber and is provided with coaming plate on pressure hull.

EFFECT: possibility of returning the submariners on surface and performing decompression.

5 cl, 3 dwg

The invention relates to emergency equipment submarines and can be used as a part of a submarine (PL)in distress to rescue her crew, as well as being a part of the rescue complex, including PL-media, rescue underwater vehicle (SPA) and the camera rescue pop-up (CWS), to rescue the crew of another emergency PL, lying on the ground.

Known removable decompression unit (SDU) for the procedure decompression of the divers during the rescue operations complex "PL-media - SPA CDS, which optionally installed instead of the standard SWR /RF Pat. No. 2173282, IPC: 63 G 8/41 registered 10.09.01/containing a solid cylindrical body placed in it circles several annular chambers, with the Central rotary shaft connecting the upper entrance hatch, mounted on the housing in the upper coaming-platform intended for mating with SPA, with an intermediate chamber normal pressure. In the intermediate chamber normal pressure is control modes decompression, which is associated with the necessary communication with the pressure chamber and through the removable communication with providing systems of the boat carrier. In the lower part of the body of the CDS device its attachments is to coaming-site PL-media designed for installation in terms of its everyday use her rearview camera rescue pop-up (CWS). In hyperbaric chambers are hatches for a message with a rotary shaft around which they are installed.

As noted previously described the construction of removable decompression device is installed, if necessary, on a boat-media niche in fencing cuttings on the place from which the pre-charged regular boat Luggage rescue pop-up (CWS).

The known construction has the following drawbacks:

it requires considerable time to dismantle the CWS and the installation instead of the CDS with the use of crane equipment, which affects the efficiency of rescue operations;

when CDS personnel PL-media if necessary deprived of the opportunity to use for their own salvation CWS;

installed on a PL-media niche in fencing felling of the CDS increases the hydrodynamic resistance of a SUBMARINE hull-noidle and adversely affects the high-speed characteristics, much needed during the rescue operation.

Known Luggage rescue pop-up (E.K. Kondratenko. G.N. Pichugin. "The rescue with emergency submarines", the almanac "Typhoon", "Shipbuilding", St. Petersburg, 2002, p.40-42), which VK is uchet rugged, having the form of a truncated cone, tapering to the place of its mounting in a recess felling SQUARE, with the upper and lower input hatches. On a solid body CWS installed the fairing that covers the niche felling SQUARE and reduce the hydrodynamic resistance of the enclosure, and the buoyancy blocks. Attached CWS to special coaming-site durable SUBMARINE hull using cremalleras device, a pneumatic actuator which is controlled from within the CWS. For forced ejection from CWS fence SQUARE to the bottom of the CWS made pneumatic pushers. Inside the CWS placed seats for saving personnel, as well as the necessary means of subsistence (the means of regeneration and ventilation, lighting, clothing, appliances, radio, food and others)

In order to leave the SUBMARINE in distress, you need the following steps: open the cover bottom inlet hatch SWR, carry out a quick switch all personnel in the CWS with the simultaneous commissioning of its system air regeneration, place personnel in the CWS and close the lid of the input SQUARE hatches and CWS. Disconnect the CWS from the coaming-site PL reversal cremalleras device, equalize the pressure in the coaming-site PL overboard with the water supply in coaming-ground DPS, then the CWS floats to the surface. If the CWS is not detached on the coaming-space under the action of buoyancy forces then include pneumatic pushers, providing forced ejection from CWS fence cutting SQUARE. After surfacing on the water surface for ventilation in the CWS give effect provided for sliding or hinged vent pipe and fan with manual transmission and through radio contact with ships or aircraft.

Known CWS selected as the closest equivalent.

The famous design of the CWS has the following disadvantages.

The proposed CWS can serve only for delivery rescued from a boat on the water surface and cannot be used for decompression, which is so necessary in cases where the personnel who are being saved it from disaster DPS, has been exposed to high pressure. For carrying out decompression can be replaced by the CWS at SDU (see U.S. Pat. Of the Russian Federation No. 2173282), but this will require significant effort and time, but also accompanied by other disadvantages, which are mentioned above.

The task of the invention consists in extending the functionality of the CWS by providing holding decompression, reducing labor costs, improving efficiency and effectiveness of rescue operations using the CWS as part of PL.

The problem is solved by the fact that in the CWS containing robust housing with top and bottom is input hatches, made in the shape of a truncated cone, with the possibility of fixing a smaller base on coaming-area SQUARE, inside of which is placed the place for saving and Autonomous life support systems, outside on the upper part of which is fixed fairing and the buoyancy blocks, and at the bottom of the unit to its mounting on the coaming-site PL, pushers actuators and the ballast according to the invention mentioned inside hull CWS, between the upper and lower input hatches made at least two horizontal sealed partitions, designed for high pressure decompression, with the formation of coaxially adjacent sealed chambers, in the middle sealed the camera performed gateway mine with hatches to message her with each of the said chamber, the upper and middle sealed chamber is provided with means for carrying out decompression, and the lower the access hatch is communicated with the lower chamber, which housed the post of management regimes decompression, stationary associated with the upper chambers and through the removable communications with in-house systems submarine, providing modes of decompression, and the fairing is made detachable cover, upper hatch entrance communicated directly with the upper chamber, and around it on a solid body CWS within the projection of the cover obtect the La made coaming-space.

In addition, the gateway mine installed within secondary camera on its Central axis.

In addition, in the upper part of the body CWS performed additional hatch, the Central axis of which makes an angle with the Central axis of the housing CWS provides access to the navigation bridge PL.

In addition, designated for rescue divers are placed in each chamber and the bottom chamber they provided over the equipment (shields) control station.

In addition, the housing of the CWS made with the possibility of fixing the base on the coaming-the site of the submarine with education between secondary camera for installation and placement of removable communications.

The proposed solution of the CWS that are constantly on DPS, allows you to extend its functionality by adding it in addition to the functions of the camera rescue another pop-up and functions of the decompression device (baramula) without the need for its removal and replacement by a decompression device, accompanied by the expenditure of time and labor in rescue operations as part of rescue complex.

When the CWS, located on the SQUARE, as part of the emergency system along with the need for decompression saved, delivered and rescue scuba apparatus (SPA), CWS provides the Riem, due to the fulfillment of its durable casing around the upper input of the hatch coaming for snapping SPA, and conducting decompression in a sealed upper adjacent chambers (pressure chambers)formed in a solid body VSWR horizontal baffles are designed for high pressure decompression, and provided with means for carrying out decompression due to their initial connection removable communications to ensure system PL. Submariners, past decompression. go into the SQUARE through a gateway mine with hatches, the lower chamber of the normal pressure from the lower entrance hatch and through secondary camera.

In case of emergency (CWS can make the ascent to the surface to rescue the crew of a SUBMARINE. To do this, check detaching the removable communications capable of performing decompression modes include a means of regeneration, personnel SQ transferred through the lower entrance hatch in the CWS, place the divers on the ground, close the lid, lower the entrance hatch, equalize the pressure in the coaming-site SQUARE with outboard, disconnect the CWS from PL by means of actuators of the device mounting and pushers, and make the ascent.

The proposed CWS, equipped with independent means of livelihood, made with coaming-platform installed within projects and cover fairing around the upper entrance hatch, with horizontal baffles are designed for high pressure decompression forming adjacent coaxially sealed chamber with means for carrying out decompression, with a rotary shaft with hatches, telling the camera and control modes decompression associated with the chambers and through the removable communication with the standard system PL, providing modes of decompression, combines the functions of the camera rescue pop-up and a decompression device, which allows not only the ascent of the CWS with rescued submariners DPS, but also to decompress rescued submariners, received, and delivered to the SPA with other emergency SQ. Therefore, the inventive device functions and performance can be characterized as Luggage rescue pop - paramodel.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 - General view of the CWS installed on the SUBMARINE;

figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the CWS with the location of places for divers in surfacing the CWS, as well as when passing decompression;

figure 3 shows the rescue centre as part of the PL-media - CWS-SPA.

Luggage rescue pop-up (figure 1) contains a robust housing 1, made in the shape of a truncated cone with a smaller base at the bottom, designed for external (the abortion) water pressure, which made the top hatch entrance 2, providing access to the CWS, also calculated on the impact of the outboard water pressure corresponding to the depth.

Inside the durable housing 1 has two horizontal airtight septum (decks) top 3 and bottom 4, is designed to influence internal and external pressure equal to the maximum pressure decompression or recompression, forming the upper and middle sealed connecting chamber (vacuum chamber) 5 and 6, respectively, provided with means for carrying out decompression modes (not shown), and below average sealed camera 6 camera 7, calculated at normal pressure with the control station and control modes decompression with shields, valves, electrical equipment, communications and control (not shown). Along the Central axis of the housing 1 in the middle chamber 6 is Gating the shaft 8 adjacent to the upper chamber 5 and lower chamber 7 normal pressure. The average chamber 6 has an annular shape. In the upper part of the rotary shaft 8 is made Luke 9, through which you can get into the lock shaft 8 of the upper chamber 5. The average chamber 6 also has a sunroof 10 for communication with the rotary shaft 8. In the lower part of the rotary shaft 8 is Luke 11 that maintains the seal in the closed position, the message with the lower chamber 7 normal pressure in the open position (figure 1).

In the chambers 5 and 6, around their perimeter and in the center, and also in the chamber 7 above the hardware (boards) control station and control (not shown) and at its center is provided by seat 12 (2) for placement of rescued submariners when conducting decompression modes, as well as in surfacing the CWS. When conducting modes decompression space, located in the centre of the chamber 5 and into the chamber 7 normal pressure over the equipment (shields) control station and control, not occupied for ease of maintenance saving. When the execution mode of ascent mentioned places are occupied by divers (figure 2).

Sturdy bottom 13 of the housing 1 of the CWS is airtight bottom inlet Luke 14 calculated on the impact of external sea water pressure, ensuring the sealing of the housing 1 of the CWS in the closed position and communicating with the compartments of the submarine (PL) 15 in its open position through a tight secondary camera, 16 (figure 1). Additional airtight chamber 16 is formed by a solid plate 13 CWS and coaming area SQ 15 at joining and fastening it by the CWS. Additional camera 16 accommodate removable electric and pipeline communications between system PL 15, necessary for carrying out decompression modes, systems CWS only when performing decompression modes.

Post management and control, esemeny in the chamber 7 normal pressure, connected stationary cameras 5, 6 and 8 and through the removable communication with providing modes decompression systems PL 15.

In the lower part of the housing 1 from the outside of a solid plate 13 is installed cremallera device 17 attached to the recoil of the CWS on the coaming-site PL 15 with a pneumatic actuator pivot and the solid plate 13 is installed pushers (not shown) with pneumatic drives, facilitating the separation of the CWS and ensuring its forced ejection. Control actuators cremalleras device 17 and pushers inside the CWS.

In the upper part of the housing 1 SWR around the upper input of the hatch 2 is made coaming platform 18 for planting SPA 19 (see figure 3). In the upper part of the case is made for more Luke 20, the Central axis is located at an angle to the Central axis of the housing 1 VSWR, providing a way out of the top 5 cameras on the fly bridge PL 15 (1, 2,) when its ascent.

On a solid body 1 of the CWS installed the fairing 21 with detachable cover 22 that covers a niche in the fence cuttings PL 15, to mount installed CWS, and allow smooth flow around a SUBMARINE hull in the area of the niche (figure 1). Detachable cover 22 of the fairing 21 is small coaming area 18 to provide access to it.

On a solid body 1 under the fairing 21 fixed buoyancy blocks 23, providing enhancement the positive buoyancy of the CWS (1, 2).

Inside the CWS are livelihoods, in particular, the means of regeneration air, ventilation, lighting, radio, control devices, spare uniforms, etc. required saving the submarine during the period of the mode of ascent CWS, laid the necessary piping with valves, designed for ventilation of the chambers 5, 6, and a rotary shaft 8 with compressed air under pressure from the compressed air system PL 15 for return air in the SQUARE, to drain water from the upper coaming-site 18 CWS after planting SPA 19, cable routing for power supply, communication and information exchange between CWS and premises PL 15, other communications that are necessary for carrying out decompression modes, which is connected in the secondary camera 16 to the communications PL 15 through removable. elements (not shown).

The CWS can be used independently for delivery of the crew of a SUBMARINE on the surface of the water in case of emergency and as part of the emergency system consisting of the SQUARE of the carrier, which is equipped SPA and CWS, as baramula for carrying out decompression needy members of the crew of any SUBMARINE in distress, delivered SPA on the SQUARE-the media.

When using the CWS installed on the coaming-site PL 15, for its intended purpose mode to the rescue measures popup, removable communication systems capable of performing decompression modes that are not connected and are not intended to bind the CWS with PL 15. Before the ascent of the CWS open the cover bottom inlet manhole 14 and personnel moves from a SUBMARINE in the CWS, at the same time put in place an independent system air regeneration in the CWS, place the divers on the seat 12 in the chambers 5, 6, 7, a rotary shaft 8 and saravut cover bottom inlet manhole 14.

Cameras are tools regeneration air required for the ascent of the CWS and to conduct short-term decompression in case before the rescue crew injured in an accident PL was observed intermittent pressure buildup. Camera 5, 6, Gating the shaft 8 and the camera 7 normal pressure communicated among themselves by opening bulkhead fittings (not shown) on the decks decks cameras and parted hatches 9, 10, 11 rotary shaft 8 to create a single circuit air circulation inside the CWS excited by fans with manual actuator (not shown).

Command disconnect the CWS from the submarine, including the drive reversal cremalleras device 17, equalize the pressure in the coaming-site PL 15 overboard by filling in sea water and CWS surface under the action of buoyancy forces. If the CWS for any reason not atrive is between coaming-site PL 15 under the action of buoyancy forces the command include pneumatic pushers.

After surfacing on the surface of the water to reveal the cover 22 of the fairing 21, hold mode briefly decompression by stepwise removal of excess pressure to the atmosphere, if it was, actuate means of ventilation and establish the connection.

CWS installed on the coaming-site PL 15 as part of the emergency complex PL-media - CWS-SPA (see figure 3) to conduct decompression modes are used as follows.

Before you exit PL # 15 scene set SPA 19 at its aft coaming-pad (figure 3), where he is during the transitions PL 15. Additional camera 16 make the connection systems capable of performing decompression modes on the CWS systems PL 15 through removable communications, located in an additional chamber 16. Because the removable communication establish additional camera 16, the work efficiency can be performed during the transition to emergency SQ. CWS and PL 15 doukomplektovat means of regeneration air, while simultaneously providing a limited supply of compressed air for long time decompression modes in each of the pressure chambers 5, 6 and a rotary shaft 8 maintaining the required pressure, concentrations of oxygen to carbon dioxide and drugimmediately property.

After performing the above work, the complex PL-media - CWS - SPA ready for rescue operations, including reception rescued submariners with SPA 19 for carrying out decompression modes.

After arriving PL 15 to emergency PL, lying on the ground, SPA 19 otstegivayut from PL 15, he goes to the emergency PL, joined with her, takes the party rescued and delivers them to PL 15. This SPA 19 sits on coaming-pad 18 of the CWS. After docking SPA with 19 coaming area 18 in the chambers 5, 6 and a rotary shaft 8 create a pressure equal to the pressure in SPA 19, after which saving move from SPA 19 through the front roof 2 in the upper chamber 5 and through the lock shaft 8 in the lower chamber 6. Divers undergoing decompression, is placed on the seat 12 provided in the chambers 5, 6. Hatches 2, 9, 10, 11 close and spend decompression, which is controlled from the control station, located in the chamber 7 normal pressure.

Reserve funds regeneration, water, food, medication refill periodically as needed through the lock shaft 8.

After decompression modes according to the signal from the control station open appropriate doors 9, 10, 11 and 14 and submariners, past decompression, through the chamber normal pressure 7, secondary camera, 16 and coaming-pad PL 15 fall into its compartments. Similar about what atom passes decompression in the chamber 5 subsequent batch of rescued submariners.

The proposed CWS, a member of the staff PL-media, interacting with SPA, is functionally CWS-paramodular, which in addition to delivery rescued submariners PL-stick surface allows, if necessary, decompression rescued submariners shot with emergency SQUARE on the bottom, and delivered using the SPA on the SQUARE-the media, increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the rescue operations.

Thus, the proposed CWS is a versatile rescue tool for the newly designed SQUARE and rescue complexes, such as complex PL-media - SPA - CWS (developers: FSUE MBM "malachite" and/h 20914), organized on the basis of the newly designed serial PL, staffing is included in the CWS.

1. Luggage rescue pop-up (CWS) for submarine containing robust housing with upper and lower inlet doors, made in the shape of a truncated cone, with the possibility of fixing a smaller base on coaming-the site of the submarine, inside of which is placed the place for saving and Autonomous life support systems, outside of which in the upper part of the fixed fairing and the buoyancy blocks, and in the lower part of the device is its fastening, pushers actuators and ballast, characterized in that inside its durable the corps between the upper and lower input hatches made at least two horizontal sealed partitions, designed for high pressure decompression, with the formation of coaxially adjacent sealed chambers, in the middle sealed chamber made gateway mine with hatches to message her with each of the said chamber, the upper and middle sealed chamber is provided with means for carrying out decompression, and the lower the access hatch is communicated with the lower chamber, which housed the post of management regimes decompression, stationary associated with the upper chambers and through the removable communications with in-house systems submarine, providing modes of decompression, and the fairing is made detachable cover, upper hatch entrance communicated directly with the upper chamber, and around it on a solid body within the projection of the cover fairing made coaming-space.

2. Luggage rescue pop-up according to claim 1, characterized in that the gateway mine installed within secondary camera on its Central axis.

3. Luggage rescue pop-up according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of its body is optional sunroof, Central axis of which makes an angle with the Central axis of the camera housing rescue pop-up, providing access to the fly bridge of the submarine.

4. Luggage rescue pop-up according to claim 1, characterized in that place for saving saving the districts in each cell, and the bottom chamber additional space is provided above the equipment control station.

5. Luggage rescue pop-up according to claim 1, characterized in that its body is made with the possibility of fixing the base on the coaming-the site of the submarine with education between secondary camera for installation and placement of removable communications.