Device to compensate for wave front curvature

IPC classes for russian patent Device to compensate for wave front curvature (RU 2431153):

G01S3/80 - using ultrasonic, sonic, or infrasonic waves

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Method for using navigational hydro-acoustic system by underwater apparatuses with determining of position by difference between distances to leading underwater device and response beacons / 2285273

Method for using navigational hydro-acoustic system by underwater devices includes determining position of leading underwater device relatively to responder beacons on basis of distances to responder beacons, determined by measuring expansion times of acoustic signal from underwater device to responder beacons and back. Position of each following underwater device is determined on basis of difference of total distances from leading underwater device to each responder beacon and from each responder beacon to following underwater device and distance from leading underwater device to following underwater device, determined by measuring onboard the following underwater device of differences between moments of receipt of acoustics signals of request of responder beacons by leading underwater device and responses of responder beacons, and distance to leading underwater device and direction towards it, known onboard the following autonomous underwater device.

Mode of using by underwater vehicles of a hydro acoustic system with determination of the location by differences of distances to responder beacons / 2292057

Mode of using by underwater vehicles of a navigational hydro acoustic system is in simultaneous determination of the locations of all underwater vehicles of the group at inquiry by a hydro acoustic signal-command of one of the underwater vehicles of the group of (leading) responder beacons by one of the (driven) responder beacons. The location of each of underwater vehicles is determined by differences of distances to the leading responder beacon and to the drive responder beacon defined by measured intervals of time between reception of an acoustic signal of the request of the responder beacons by the leading responder beacon and acoustic signals of the response of the driven responder beacons. The location of the underwater vehicle is found as an intersection plot of hyperboloid of revolution whose number corresponds to the number of pairs of "leading-driven" responder beacons and focal points are located in installation plots of the corresponding responder beacons and the flatness passing through the center of the hydro acoustic antenna of the underwater vehicle transversely to the flatness of the true horizon.

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device represents adaptive system to allow optimising antenna phase reception of acoustic signals in Fresnel range. For this, proposed device comprises multi-component cylindrical antenna with N receiving channels. It differs from known designs in that it incorporates additionally HF signal generator and HF radiator and allows every preamplifier to switch over to frequency multiplexer mode. Said distinctive features allow heterodyning received useful HF signal and optimising antenna phase reception of acoustic signals with curved wavefront.

EFFECT: efficient and faster search.

5 cl, 2 dwg

The invention relates to sonar technique, namely the hydroacoustic antenna arrays, and can be used in hydroacoustic tools with multiple hydroacoustic antennas for detection and direction finding sonar radiations in the Fresnel zone.

When solving the problem of detecting marine facilities should include the specificity of hydroacoustic data taken hydroacoustic remedy targets in the near zone (Fresnel zone).

The specificity of hydroacoustic data when approaching from the sea objectives is that the existing passive acoustic means are designed to detect targets in the far zone. Base hydroacoustic antennas in these vehicles formed for the reception of a flat wave front. The signal from the target, located in the sea waveguide, due to refraction and interference phenomena forms a non-planar wavefront from the target, which leads to aspasiabyname reception of the signal in the aperture of the receiving antenna. Therefore, when approaching from the sea in order due to the absence of well-organized directivity (HN) in the near zone is blurring, loss of definition of the mark from the target, until the complete disappearance of her on the indicator hydroacoustic station (GUS). The "collapse" of the mark in this case about what comes after that the phase and amplitude distribution of the acoustic pressure in space leads to aspasiabyname reception signal from the target in the aperture of the antenna.

One of the problems that must be addressed when target detection is that there is no device that tracks the curvature of the wave front with the rapid changes in time.

This task can be solved by creating an adaptive system that could optimize the antenna fazirovannoi reception signal with a non-planar wave front. The challenge lies in the fact that it is necessary to design a device which would have the greater speed of convergence at high reliability making the right decision.

A device cascaded signal processing with compensation of interference, in which the formation of directivity with phasers. The device comprises a multi-element antenna comprising N receiving elements, N(N-1)/2 phasers and adders interconnected electrical communication cascade, so that the number of outputs in each stage is less than the number of inputs to 1, the output of the last of the cascade is connected to the input of the indicator.

In this device useful signal receiving antenna array and processed by the cascade. By adding the signals from the individual who's receivers with a certain phase shift is formed HN desired shape (Venclauskas K.K. Compensation of interferences in the ship radio systems. - Leningrad: Sudostroenie, 1989. - 264 S.).

The disadvantages of this known device is that for cascading execution of the known device requires a large number of phasers and adders. This complicates construction-technological and operational characteristics. In addition, in the known device, the signal processing is done in iterations (step-by-step approach), which results in a large time convergence of the algorithm for signal processing.

Part of the shortcomings of the first analog lacks a second analog.

Know another device forming directivity due to the signal amplitude distribution on the antenna aperture. The device comprises a multi-element antenna comprising N receiving channels formed receiving elements connected between a serial electrical connection, additionally, the outputs of the respective receiving channels connected to respective inputs of the adder, the output of which is connected to the input of the indicator.

In this device useful signal receiving antenna, enhanced pre-amplifiers with a certain gain, the signals of the individual pre-amplifiers, then added with a certain weight on when Mature. By summing signals from separate receivers with a certain weight is formed HN desired shape (Monzingo R.A., Miller, M.S. Adaptive antenna arrays. - M.: Radio and communication, 1986).

The lack of the second analog devices:

- the known device is intended for the formation of HN with the purpose of suppression of local interference in the direction of. This causes low immunity when the interference signal in the same direction with the signal from the detectable targets and low immunity in conditions of interference of the near field. In the known device, the signal processing is done in iterations (step-by-step approach), than due to the large time convergence of the algorithm for signal processing.

Know another that is closest to the technical essence and selected as a prototype, the forming device response cylindrical antenna with a uniform amplitude and phase distribution at the input of the shaper HN. The device comprises a multi-element cylindrical antenna comprising N receiving channels formed receiving elements consisting of the N electroacoustic transducers, N pre-amplifier and N-2 frequency-dependent delay lines, and in each receiving channel receiving elements are connected between a serial electrical connection, in addition to topoverty respective receiving channels connected to respective inputs of the transformer amounts through which the amplifier is connected to the input of the indicator circular view.

In this device, the useful signal is received at the receivers of the multi-element cylindrical antenna, amplified, delayed by an amount taking into account the curvature of the antenna. The generation of the response of the antenna is performed by summing the signals from each elementary channel (the Direction of acoustic antennas // Tutorial hydroacoustics. - M.: Military. Izdat., 1993. - P.23-29).

Although in the third known device, unlike the first and second unique signal, adopted by the antenna array, without wasting time algorithms adapt immediately appears on the display, the prototype has the following disadvantages:

- low noise signal having a non-planar wavefront;

low immunity receipt of a signal from the detectable targets that are in the same direction with signal interference.

From the above drawbacks of the first and second analogs and prototypes freely claimed as the invention, a compensation of the curvature of the wave front", the technical goal is to create an adaptive system that optimizes the antenna fazirovannoi reception signal with a non-planar wave front, for detection and direction finding of hydroacoustic signals in the Fresnel zone.

Implementation is left to the technical problem allows to achieve the following technical result:

- created a new technical tool for detection and direction finding sonar radiation in the aquatic environment in the Fresnel zone.

To achieve the technical result of the proposed Device compensation of curvature of the wave front containing multiple cylindrical antenna comprising N receiving channels formed receiving elements consisting of the N electroacoustic transducers, N pre-amplifier and N-2 lines of delays. Moreover, in each receiving channel receiving elements are connected between a serial electrical connection, additionally, the outputs of the respective receiving channels connected to respective inputs of the adder, the output of which is connected to the input of the three-dimensional display.

The principal difference between the proposed device is that the device also includes a generator RF signal and an RF emitter with switching operation of each of the pre-amplifier mode frequency multiplier, respectively.

It is these fundamental differences allow progesteronelevel received useful signal RF signal to optimize the antenna fazirovannoi reception signal with a non-planar wave front.

Other additional features are:

- N receiving channels include two identical who rainich receiving channel and N-2 middle receiving channel;

- at each receiving channel formed by electroacoustic transducer and preamplifier;

every middle receiving channel formed electroacoustic Converter, pre-amplifier and delay line;

- N-2 delay lines are the linear dimensions, due to the placement of the multi-element cylindrical antenna sector of a circle.

These clarifying the characteristics required for the formation of multi-element cylindrical antenna capable of scanning the space around the circle.

The invention is illustrated by drawings

Figure 1. The device compensation of curvature of the wave front. Structural - functional scheme.

Figa. The device compensation of curvature of the wave front. Reception channels (extreme and middle). Structural - functional scheme.

Figure 1 shows the functional structure of the device to compensate for the curvature of the wave front, including:

1. Multi-element cylindrical antenna;

Any Converter (there), the number there - N from 1.1.1 to 1.1.N;

Any power (PU), the amount of PU - N from 1.2.1 to 1.2.N;

One delay (LPA), the amount of C3-To from 1.3.1 to K, K=N-2;

2. The adder;

3. RF emitter (tweeter);

4. Generator RF signal;

5. Three-dimensional indicator.

Multi-element cylindrical antenna made in the form of discrete antenna array, placed in the space sector of a circle. Functional structure includes N receiving channels (two extreme and N - 2 middle). The output of each of the N-th receiving channel connected to one of the respective inputs of the adder. In each receiving channel receiving elements, consisting of electro-acoustic Converter, pre-amplifier and a delay line connected between a serial electrical connection.

All outputs of the receiving channels of the multi-element cylindrical antenna connected to respective inputs of the adder, the output of which is connected in electrical communication with the input three-dimensional display. Additionally, the indicator is configured to visually display the linear parameters of time and frequency of the input signal in combination with the voltage level of the signal.

At high radiation levels of the RF signal radiated RF emitter 3, figure 1, namely 20-50 PA, each of the pre-amplifiers (PU) 1.2.1-1.2.N, 1 can switch the multiplier low-frequency (LF) and HF signals received multi-element cylindrical antenna. For this purpose the device is switched on the generator RF signal 4, figure 1, the output of which is connected an RF emitter 3, figure 1.

On fig.la presents integrated structural-functional scheme of the extreme and middle channels of the multichannel cyl is nticeship antenna, including:

6. At the receiving channels (identical):

1.1.1. Electro-acoustic transducer (there) (first at receiving channel);

1.1.N. Electro-acoustic transducer (there) (second extreme receiving channel);

1.2.1. Pre-amplifier (at first receiving channel);

1.2.N. Pre-amplifier (second extreme receiving channel).

7. Median receiving channel:

1.1.2. - 1.1.N-1. Electro-acoustic transducer (there);

1.2.2. - 1.2.N-1. Pre-amplifier (PU);

1.3.1. - K the delay Line.

Extreme and middle channels is performed in accordance with well-known before the priority date of the claimed technical solution, the requirements of science and technology in the field of hydroacoustic techniques described in the textbook (Hydroacoustics. - M.: Military. Izdat., 1993. - S). Thus far, the channels are identical, and middle channels are linear in the sizes of the respective lines of delays, due to the placement of the multi-element cylindrical antenna sector of a circle.

The device operates as follows.

The device compensation of curvature of the wave front is part of the acoustical means.

Useful acoustic signal from the target is made of multi-element cylindrical antenna 1, figure 1, comprising N receiving channels 6 and 7, figa. In each receiving channel is sootvetstvujushij electro-acoustic transducer from 1.1.1 to 1.1.N, 1, converts the acoustic signal from the target to electrical power at a frequency corresponding to the accepted signal. Simultaneously with the useful acoustic signal from the target on each receiving channel receives sonar RF signal generated by RF generator signal 4, figure 1, and radiated RF emitter 3, figure 1. In each receiving channel corresponding electro-acoustic transducer from 1.1.1 to 1.1.N, figure 1. converts hydroacoustic RF signal into electric, with appropriate frequency.

With the output of each of the respective electroacoustic transducer (there 1.1.1-1.1.N, 1) converted electrical signals to corresponding inputs of a pre-amplifier (PU 1.2.1-1.2.N, figure 1). Each pre-amplifier converted the signal from the target is multiplied by the converted RF signal heterogeniety.

With pre-outs, PU 1.2.2-1.2.N-1, 1, pretertiary signal is supplied to the respective delay lines (LPA 1.3.1-K, 1), included in the middle of receiving channels 7, figa. In the frequency-dependent delay line delays the signal for a given time interval, due to the placement of the receiving elements of the cylindrical antenna sector of a circle. Delayed time signals are suitable for the s inputs of the adder 2, figure 1. Simultaneously to corresponding inputs of the adder 2, 1, go progesteronee signals from outputs of PU 1.2.1 and PU 1.2.N, figure 1, at the receiving channels 6, figa, not containing lines of delays.

All signals received and processed at 6, figa and middle receiving channels 7, figa, in the adder 2, figure 1, are formed, forming the resulting signal, which is fed to the input of a three-dimensional indicator 5, figure 1. Three-dimensional indicator 5, figure 1 visually displays the range proletarianising in various RF field LF signal format: frequency, time, level.

Analyzing the visual information displayed by the indicator, the operator makes a conclusion about the presence or absence of targets in the Fresnel zone.

The advantage of the invention is that the claimed device optimizes the antenna fazirovannoi reception signal with a non-planar wave front, thereby improving search performance by reducing the time spent.

Thus, the claimed Device compensation of curvature of the wave front is a new device - adaptive system, which allows to optimize the antenna for fazirovannoi receiving sonar signals in the Fresnel zone.

The claimed device is industrially applicable, as to its implementation are widely distributed in the components and products of the radio industry.

1. The device compensation of curvature of the wave front containing multiple cylindrical antenna comprising N receiving channels formed receiving elements consisting of the N electroacoustic transducers, N pre-amplifier and N-2 delay lines, and in each receiving channel receiving elements are connected between a serial electrical connection, in addition, outputs of the respective receiving channels connected to respective inputs of the adder, the output of which is connected to the input of the three-dimensional display, characterized in that the device further include a generator RF signal and an RF emitter, with the possibility of transition of each of the pre-amplifier mode frequency multiplier, respectively.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the N receiving channels include two identical extreme receiving channels and N-2 middle receiving channels.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that at each receiving channel formed by electroacoustic transducer and preamplifier.

4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that each middle receiving channel formed electroacoustic Converter, pre-amplifier and delay line.

5. The device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that N-2 lines of delays they shall have linear dimensions, due to the placement of the multi-element cylindrical antenna sector of a circle.