Noise direction finder |
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IPC classes for russian patent Noise direction finder (RU 2284543):
                
 Device for determining direction towards a source of sound / 2276795
In device for determining direction to a source of sound, consisting of two photo-electric shadow devices and information processing systems, laser beams are directed at an angle of 90° to each other. In each photo-electric shadow device after focusing objective laser beam is split onto two laser beams, and these two laser beams go to two knives with mutually perpendicular edges. Edge of one of aforementioned knives in each photo-electric shadow device is parallel to plane, parallel to laser beams. Information, received from two photo-receivers, standing behind these knives, is utilized for maintaining similar sensitivity of both photo-electric shadow devices. Output signals from one of these photo-receivers and two other photo-receivers of photo-electric shadow devices are squared, amplified and added. Signal at output of adder is maintained constant due to loop of negative check connection from output of adder to inputs of amplifiers. On basis of signals at outputs of amplifiers with consideration of mutual phases of signal at outputs of photo-detectors by means of phase detectors and electronic computing machine, direction towards sound source is determined.
 Method for determining distance to sound source / 2276383
In the method, receipt of acoustic signals is performed by two linear groups of sound receivers. In first and second processing channels, electric signals are processed at frequency f, received by first and second linear groups of sound receivers, and in channel of frequency f1 - signals with frequency f1, received by first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Bearing to sound source is determined with utilization of relation of voltage amplitudes at outputs of first and second processing channels. Amplitude of signal voltage at output of first processing channel is connected, with supposition, that sound source is positioned on working axis of normalized characteristic of direction of first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Amplitude of sound pressure at input of first one of linear groups of sound receivers at frequency f is formed by dividing calculated value on proportionality coefficient, determined experimentally at frequency f. Level of sound pressure is calculated at input of first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Analogical calculations are performed for signal at frequency f1. Type of substrate surface is determined, and decrease of sound pressure level, caused by influence from obstructions, meteorological and atmospheric factors. Distance and topographic coordinates are calculated with consideration of influence of aforementioned factors.
Method for determining distance to sound source / 2276383
In the method, receipt of acoustic signals is performed by two linear groups of sound receivers. In first and second processing channels, electric signals are processed at frequency f, received by first and second linear groups of sound receivers, and in channel of frequency f1 - signals with frequency f1, received by first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Bearing to sound source is determined with utilization of relation of voltage amplitudes at outputs of first and second processing channels. Amplitude of signal voltage at output of first processing channel is connected, with supposition, that sound source is positioned on working axis of normalized characteristic of direction of first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Amplitude of sound pressure at input of first one of linear groups of sound receivers at frequency f is formed by dividing calculated value on proportionality coefficient, determined experimentally at frequency f. Level of sound pressure is calculated at input of first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Analogical calculations are performed for signal at frequency f1. Type of substrate surface is determined, and decrease of sound pressure level, caused by influence from obstructions, meteorological and atmospheric factors. Distance and topographic coordinates are calculated with consideration of influence of aforementioned factors.
 Method for detecting underwater objects and device for realization of said method / 2271551
Method includes determining, in the moment of temporary position of expanding spatial angles wave front, tracking belonging to acoustic beam (bearings) for each reflective element, positioned in wave packet of reflected signal (in space between frontal and back fronts of signal pulse, and limited body angle of direction characteristic of receiving antenna. Spatial receipt on basis of spatial-phase and spatial-correlative processing of reflected signal provides for detecting difference between spatial positions of reflecting objects within received signal wave front, which provides more information for object detection and, due to that, principally distinguishes the method from commonplace amplitude-temporal signals processing technology.
 Method of classification of noisy objects / 2262121
The method includes reception of the signal of noise radiation of the noisy object by the first receiving antenna and spectral analysis of the received signal of noise radiation of the noisy object, reception of the signal of noise radiation is also performed by the second receiving antenna, separated is the reciprocal spectrum of the signals of noise radiation received by the first and second receiving antennas, measured is the value of the carrier frequency of the autocorrelation function, and the decision on the class of the noisy object is taken at comparison of the measured carrier frequency of the autocorrelation function with threshold frequencies, each being determined as an average frequency of the initial noise radiation band of each standard object of a definite class.
 Adaptive seismic correlation object direction finder / 2248015
Direction finder can be used for taking azimuth relatively guarded objects at guarded areas, calculating number of objects in group target and classifying found objects. Direction finder has two seismic receivers, two processing channels with delay lines and correlators, maximal signal selector, correlator, testing module, commutator and calculator. To realize the direction finding function the method of passive diversity detection and ranging is used. The main information criterion for finding direction to object has to be the function of mutual signals correlation in two signal processing channels. Value of azimuth is judged from value of signal delay. Change in value of signal delay is equivalent to controlling directional diagram of seismic active aerial which allows classifying detected objects separately. Test influence is used for adaptation of speed of propagation of seismic wave which changes under influence of meteorological conditions. Current value of speed of propagation of seismic wave is judged from time of delay of test influence signal coming to second seismic receiver. Tuning of lines of delay is conducted correspondingly to those changes.
Adaptive seismic correlation object direction finder / 2248015
Direction finder can be used for taking azimuth relatively guarded objects at guarded areas, calculating number of objects in group target and classifying found objects. Direction finder has two seismic receivers, two processing channels with delay lines and correlators, maximal signal selector, correlator, testing module, commutator and calculator. To realize the direction finding function the method of passive diversity detection and ranging is used. The main information criterion for finding direction to object has to be the function of mutual signals correlation in two signal processing channels. Value of azimuth is judged from value of signal delay. Change in value of signal delay is equivalent to controlling directional diagram of seismic active aerial which allows classifying detected objects separately. Test influence is used for adaptation of speed of propagation of seismic wave which changes under influence of meteorological conditions. Current value of speed of propagation of seismic wave is judged from time of delay of test influence signal coming to second seismic receiver. Tuning of lines of delay is conducted correspondingly to those changes.
Method of classification of noisy objects / 2262121
The method includes reception of the signal of noise radiation of the noisy object by the first receiving antenna and spectral analysis of the received signal of noise radiation of the noisy object, reception of the signal of noise radiation is also performed by the second receiving antenna, separated is the reciprocal spectrum of the signals of noise radiation received by the first and second receiving antennas, measured is the value of the carrier frequency of the autocorrelation function, and the decision on the class of the noisy object is taken at comparison of the measured carrier frequency of the autocorrelation function with threshold frequencies, each being determined as an average frequency of the initial noise radiation band of each standard object of a definite class.
Method for detecting underwater objects and device for realization of said method / 2271551
Method includes determining, in the moment of temporary position of expanding spatial angles wave front, tracking belonging to acoustic beam (bearings) for each reflective element, positioned in wave packet of reflected signal (in space between frontal and back fronts of signal pulse, and limited body angle of direction characteristic of receiving antenna. Spatial receipt on basis of spatial-phase and spatial-correlative processing of reflected signal provides for detecting difference between spatial positions of reflecting objects within received signal wave front, which provides more information for object detection and, due to that, principally distinguishes the method from commonplace amplitude-temporal signals processing technology.
Method for determining distance to sound source / 2276383
In the method, receipt of acoustic signals is performed by two linear groups of sound receivers. In first and second processing channels, electric signals are processed at frequency f, received by first and second linear groups of sound receivers, and in channel of frequency f1 - signals with frequency f1, received by first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Bearing to sound source is determined with utilization of relation of voltage amplitudes at outputs of first and second processing channels. Amplitude of signal voltage at output of first processing channel is connected, with supposition, that sound source is positioned on working axis of normalized characteristic of direction of first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Amplitude of sound pressure at input of first one of linear groups of sound receivers at frequency f is formed by dividing calculated value on proportionality coefficient, determined experimentally at frequency f. Level of sound pressure is calculated at input of first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Analogical calculations are performed for signal at frequency f1. Type of substrate surface is determined, and decrease of sound pressure level, caused by influence from obstructions, meteorological and atmospheric factors. Distance and topographic coordinates are calculated with consideration of influence of aforementioned factors.
Method for determining distance to sound source / 2276383
In the method, receipt of acoustic signals is performed by two linear groups of sound receivers. In first and second processing channels, electric signals are processed at frequency f, received by first and second linear groups of sound receivers, and in channel of frequency f1 - signals with frequency f1, received by first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Bearing to sound source is determined with utilization of relation of voltage amplitudes at outputs of first and second processing channels. Amplitude of signal voltage at output of first processing channel is connected, with supposition, that sound source is positioned on working axis of normalized characteristic of direction of first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Amplitude of sound pressure at input of first one of linear groups of sound receivers at frequency f is formed by dividing calculated value on proportionality coefficient, determined experimentally at frequency f. Level of sound pressure is calculated at input of first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Analogical calculations are performed for signal at frequency f1. Type of substrate surface is determined, and decrease of sound pressure level, caused by influence from obstructions, meteorological and atmospheric factors. Distance and topographic coordinates are calculated with consideration of influence of aforementioned factors.
Device for determining direction towards a source of sound / 2276795
In device for determining direction to a source of sound, consisting of two photo-electric shadow devices and information processing systems, laser beams are directed at an angle of 90° to each other. In each photo-electric shadow device after focusing objective laser beam is split onto two laser beams, and these two laser beams go to two knives with mutually perpendicular edges. Edge of one of aforementioned knives in each photo-electric shadow device is parallel to plane, parallel to laser beams. Information, received from two photo-receivers, standing behind these knives, is utilized for maintaining similar sensitivity of both photo-electric shadow devices. Output signals from one of these photo-receivers and two other photo-receivers of photo-electric shadow devices are squared, amplified and added. Signal at output of adder is maintained constant due to loop of negative check connection from output of adder to inputs of amplifiers. On basis of signals at outputs of amplifiers with consideration of mutual phases of signal at outputs of photo-detectors by means of phase detectors and electronic computing machine, direction towards sound source is determined.
 Noise direction finder / 2284543
Noise direction finder comprises three vector receivers whose directional characteristics are oriented along the Cartesian co-ordinate system, amplifiers, band filters, three-channel unit for processing information, and computer.
 Method for determining position of a rifleman in an area / 2285272
In accordance to method, recording of sound signals is enabled in case of registration of impact waves from by-flying ultrasound bullet and barrel wave from expanding gases from barrel edge by sensitive elements, processing of these signals by means of processor, on basis of results of which position of sound source is determined. Method contains following innovations: sensitive elements are preliminarily fastened immovably relatively to optical axis of video recording device, synchronously with recording of sound signal by not less than 3 sensitive elements, recording of video image of possible position of sound source is performed by means of at least one video recording device, mounted with possible change of filming direction and position in space, during following processing of signals moment of arrival of barrel wave and frame from recorded video row, closest to aforementioned moment, are combined, and mark of rifleman position is placed on that frame. Recording of video image is performed in optical or infrasound or other range.
 Method for using navigational hydro-acoustic system by underwater apparatuses with determining of position by difference between distances to leading underwater device and response beacons / 2285273
Method for using navigational hydro-acoustic system by underwater devices includes determining position of leading underwater device relatively to responder beacons on basis of distances to responder beacons, determined by measuring expansion times of acoustic signal from underwater device to responder beacons and back. Position of each following underwater device is determined on basis of difference of total distances from leading underwater device to each responder beacon and from each responder beacon to following underwater device and distance from leading underwater device to following underwater device, determined by measuring onboard the following underwater device of differences between moments of receipt of acoustics signals of request of responder beacons by leading underwater device and responses of responder beacons, and distance to leading underwater device and direction towards it, known onboard the following autonomous underwater device.
 Mode of using by underwater vehicles of a hydro acoustic system with determination of the location by differences of distances to responder beacons / 2292057
Mode of using by underwater vehicles of a navigational hydro acoustic system is in simultaneous determination of the locations of all underwater vehicles of the group at inquiry by a hydro acoustic signal-command of one of the underwater vehicles of the group of (leading) responder beacons by one of the (driven) responder beacons. The location of each of underwater vehicles is determined by differences of distances to the leading responder beacon and to the drive responder beacon defined by measured intervals of time between reception of an acoustic signal of the request of the responder beacons by the leading responder beacon and acoustic signals of the response of the driven responder beacons. The location of the underwater vehicle is found as an intersection plot of hyperboloid of revolution whose number corresponds to the number of pairs of "leading-driven" responder beacons and focal points are located in installation plots of the corresponding responder beacons and the flatness passing through the center of the hydro acoustic antenna of the underwater vehicle transversely to the flatness of the true horizon.
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FIELD: direction-finding. SUBSTANCE: noise direction finder comprises three vector receivers whose directional characteristics are oriented along the Cartesian co-ordinate system, amplifiers, band filters, three-channel unit for processing information, and computer. EFFECT: expanded functional capabilities. 1 cl, 4 dwg
The invention relates to the field of hydro-acoustics and can be used to determine the spatial coordinates and kinematic characteristics of the moving noisy underwater object (). Known samplerate containing several (e.g. three) of the vector receiver (for example, gradient hydrophone), oriented with its directional characteristics (XH) in the Cartesian coordinate system, the outputs of which are connected in series through the respective amplifiers and bandpass filters connected to the channel inputs of the processing unit, connected to their outputs, inputs, and outputs of each amplifier is connected to the first three inputs of the computer. /U.S. patent No. 4279027, CL 367-125 (G 01 S 3/80), 1981/. This someparameter adopted for the prototype. The disadvantage of the prototype is limited its use case determine the location of the source of the noise sources without determining the kinematic characteristics of the moving (motion trajectory, speed, traversing distance). The technical result from implementation of the invention is to obtain information about the kinematic characteristics of moving ON, such as the trajectory of movement relative to the stationary hydroacoustic receiver, speed,traverse distance between the software and the acoustic receiver. This technical result is reached due to the fact that in the known samplerate containing three vector receiver (EAP), oriented with its HN on the Cartesian coordinate system, the outputs of which are connected in series through the respective amplifiers and bandpass filters connected to the input channel block information processing (BIP), connected by their outputs to the inputs of the computer, and the outputs of each amplifier is connected to the first three inputs of the computer that receives signals of underwater noise from the corresponding channel, the computer is configured to determine the appropriate angles, traversing distance and speed tone acoustic signal, each of the channels channel BATTLES made in the form of the frequency detector, a differentiating device, the first and second zero-indicators, managed by the reproduction device, the block of reference voltages and timer, with each channel BATTLES the output of the bandpass filter is connected through serially connected frequency detector, a differentiating device and the first zero-indicator with a controlled input of a multiplier device, the first input connected to the output of the frequency detector, the second output unit reference voltages, and the output of each of the channels respectively to the fourth, fifth, and the pole is th inputs of the computer, the host value of the velocity of the source, measured in the corresponding channel, seventh, eighth and ninth inputs taking values of Doppler frequencies corresponding channel is connected in each of the channels battles with the outputs of the respective frequency detector connected also output through the second zero-indicator to the controlled input of the timer, the output of which in each of the channels FIGHTS connected respectively to the tenth, eleventh and twelfth inputs of the computer, taking values traversing time of the corresponding channel. In the particular case of the EAP can be made with the possibility of rotation around the beginning of the axes of a Cartesian coordinate system. The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows the General layout of the EAP of samplerate to; figure 2 is an electronic diagram of complicator; figure 3 - temporal and time-frequency diagrams for explaining the operation of samplerate. Samplerate contains three EP 1, 2, 3, oriented with their HN on the Cartesian coordinate system (figure 1). The outputs of each of the EAP through the respective connected in series amplifier 4 and the band-pass filter 5 to a frequency f0connected to the input channel BATTLES 6 (figure 2). (Figure 2 shows the implementation of the electronic circuit on the basis of one vector receiver and one channel BATTLES. The other two hours and the electronic circuit of samplerate fully coincide with those described below). Each of the channels channel BATTLES 6 made in the form of frequency detector 7, the differentiating device 8, the zero-indicators 9, 10, controlled reproduction device 11, block 12 reference voltages and a timer 13. All outputs of each of the three BATTLES connected to the inputs of the computer 14. The electric circuit of the electronic circuit of samplerate presented in figure 2. The output of the amplifier 4, and the corresponding amplifiers of the other two EAP connected to the first three inputs of the computer 14. (For clarity, the inputs of the computer 14 digitized by small Arabic numerals). The output of the bandpass filter 5 in each of the three channels FIGHTS is connected through serially connected frequency detector 7, a differentiating device 8, the zero-indicator 9 with a controlled input of a multiplier device 11, the first main input of which is connected to the output of the frequency detector 7, the second output unit 12 reference voltages, and the output (each channel BATTLES), respectively, to the fourth, fifth and sixth inputs of the computer 14. Seventh, eighth and ninth input of the computer 14 is connected with the corresponding frequency detector (figure 2 - frequency detector 7). Frequency detectors each channel is connected also through its null indicator to the control input of the corresponding timer (figure 2 - zero indicator 10 to the timer 13). The outputs of timers FIGHTING each connected respectively with the tenth, eleventh and twelfth inputs of the computer 14. The principle of operation of samplerate based on the fact that under conditions of uniform rectilinear motion of the source tone acoustic signal relative to stationary receivers are observed instantaneous Doppler frequency f(t)described by the following parametric equation:
where f0- frequency tone source (Hz), V = velocity of source (m/s); C is the speed of sound in water (m/s); t - current time, (C); d0- Traversa distance, (m), we get respectively traverse time t0(with). Thus, the dependence (1) the observed Doppler frequency f(t) contains four parameters t0d0, t, V, which can be determined experimentally using the proposed samplerate (for known values of f0and (C). If the value of the function (1) in any way assessed for the number of time samples tithen estimate the kinematic parameters of the movement of the tone source can be obtained from the solution of the nonlinear regression using the least squares method [Djal. "Methods of extremum seeking". M., Izd-vo "Nauka", 1967, p.17-27]. The regression model is given by equation (1). The functional m is the method of least squares is:
where Wi- weighting function; Samplerate works as follows. Noisy and 15 (figure 1) moves with velocity V relative to EP 1, 2, 3. 15 emits underwater noise W, accept EAP 1, 2, 3 angles α, β, γ. After amplification in the amplifier 4 (and the corresponding amplifiers EP 2 and 3) signals W1, W2, W3sent to the computer 14, which, after appropriate processing, outputs the values of the angles α, β, γdefining spatial position 15. Using a bandpass filter 5 from the noise sources 15 is allocated a discrete component of f0and with the 6 FIGHTS can be traced changes in the Doppler frequency f(t) at time t. The frequency detector 7 selects the Doppler frequency f(t) and sends it to the computer 14 (inputs 7, 8, 9)by differentiating device 8 and the null-indicator 10. According to equation (1)when the value of the derivative of the Doppler frequency is zero, then the value of the
This occurs at time t0≪t≪t0when the value of the Doppler frequency is constant. Hence from equation (3) can be found speed 15 because V≪C. A multiplier unit 11 multiplies the values of f(t) and c/f0when the zero-indicator 9 delivers on its control input zero signal. Obviously, all EAP 1, 2, 3 will give the same value V, but with a different error. The most accurate value of V gives the EAP, with the highest weight component W the noise sources. That and taken into account in the signal processing computer 14. Differentiating device 10 at time t0issues on the timer 13 command signal. At this point 15 passes traversee distance d0between 15 and EP 1, 2, 3. The value of the Doppler frequency at the moment of f(t)=0, according to equation (1). Values traversing time t0is fed to the computer through three channels. Similarly, the computer 14 selects the value for the time t0measured with the greatest precision. Then according to the algorithm (1) the computer 14 calculates the value traversing distances d0, which is the most important parameter for further decisions in relation to sailingeurope. Figure 3 presents the typical course of time-frequency track (UNEF)recorded three EP 1,2,3 (left), and the curves pass W1, W2, W3(right) 15 vector receivers 1, 2, 3, which are used to determine the position of the object. To increase measurement accuracy VP 1, 2, 3 the imp is complementary with the possibility of controlled angular rotation of receivers around each axis. EAP turn so that HN one of them would be aimed at 15. When the output signal of this EAP will be maximum, which increases the measurement accuracy required parameters: α, β, γ, d0, V. Thus, the described samplerate allows in addition to determining the spatial position, to determine its kinematic characteristics, due to the technical result. 1. Samplerate containing three vector receiver, oriented with its directional characteristics in the Cartesian coordinate system, the outputs of which are connected in series through the respective amplifiers and bandpass filters connected to the channel inputs of the processing unit, connected to their outputs, inputs, and outputs of each amplifier is connected to the first three inputs of the computer that receives signals of underwater noise from the corresponding channel, wherein the computer is configured to determine the appropriate nodes, traversing distance and velocity of the source tone acoustic signal, each of the channels of the channel unit of the information processing performed in the form of frequency detector, a differentiating device, the first and the second null-indicator, the UE is supplied reproduction device, block reference voltages and timer, with the output of the bandpass filter in each channel is connected through serially connected frequency detector, a differentiating device and the first zero-indicator with a controlled input of a multiplier device, the first input of which is connected to the output of the frequency detector, the second output unit reference voltages, and the output of each of the channels respectively to the fourth, fifth, and sixth inputs of the computer receiving the value of the velocity of the source, measured in the corresponding channel, seventh, eighth and ninth inputs taking values of Doppler frequencies corresponding channel is connected in each channel with the output of the respective frequency the detector is also connected the output through a second zero-indicator to the controlled input of the timer, the output of which in each of the channels connected respectively with the tenth, eleventh and twelfth inputs of the computer, taking values traversing time of the corresponding channel. 2. Samplerate according to claim 1, characterized in that the vector receivers made with the possibility of rotation around the beginning of the Cartesian coordinate system.
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