Method for determining distance to sound source

FIELD: engineering of acoustic bearing indicators, possible use for determining distance to and topographic coordinates of sound source.

SUBSTANCE: in the method, receipt of acoustic signals is performed by two linear groups of sound receivers. In first and second processing channels, electric signals are processed at frequency f, received by first and second linear groups of sound receivers, and in channel of frequency f¹ - signals with frequency f¹, received by first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Bearing to sound source is determined with utilization of relation of voltage amplitudes at outputs of first and second processing channels. Amplitude of signal voltage at output of first processing channel is connected, with supposition, that sound source is positioned on working axis of normalized characteristic of direction of first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Amplitude of sound pressure at input of first one of linear groups of sound receivers at frequency f is formed by dividing calculated value on proportionality coefficient, determined experimentally at frequency f. Level of sound pressure is calculated at input of first one of linear groups of sound receivers. Analogical calculations are performed for signal at frequency f¹. Type of substrate surface is determined, and decrease of sound pressure level, caused by influence from obstructions, meteorological and atmospheric factors. Distance and topographic coordinates are calculated with consideration of influence of aforementioned factors.

EFFECT: decreased systematic and random errors of distance measuring, expanded arsenal of problems solved by bearing indicators and increased capacity of same.

18 dwg

The invention relates to an acoustic direction finders (busnum points automated sound systems and can be used to determine the removal of the sound source (FROM), (source acoustic signal (AU)) from the direction finder and topographic coordinates OF this.

In modern summeria there are different ways to determine bearings (angles between known direction, such as DCL, and direction: the point of intersection of LH (acoustic direction finder) - AC source [1...4], but they do not allow us to determine the distance FROM. In [5...8] describes how to determine bearings (sound angles) to the AC source, the distance to it and determine the topographic coordinate these sources AC using 2 (3) acoustic direction finders, separated by some distance from each other (geometric basis), and topographic coordinates are known. The distance from one direction finders is calculated based on the ratio in oblique triangle, and then calculates the topographic coordinates OF this. The disadvantages of this method are low immunity (AC and interference are taken from a large sector, is approximately equal to 120°), low bandwidth (3...5 goals in a minute), the impossibility of finding sources of continuous AC (it uses the gas detection method bearings, "the principle difference between the times"). In [9 p.17-19] described a method for determining positions of the sources as, devoid of the above disadvantages, but it is not possible to determine the distance to and FROM topographic coordinates of these sources.

The closest technical solution to the claimed method is a method of determining the distance to FROM that used in the acoustic direction finder [10], which uses ravesignal method of determining positions of the IC with differential signal processing, which we take as a prototype.

In it, this range is determined by solving the following transcendental equation:

[10, p.12]

where D is the removal OF the from direction finder (distance FROM);

β₁that β₂that β₃the coefficients of attenuation at frequencies f, 2f, 3f, respectively, in C/m;

P₁, R₂, R₃the amplitude of the sound pressure of the AC input signal at the above frequencies, which are proportional to the respective amplitudes of the voltages taken by the AU and measured at the outputs of the respective channels signal processing (STP).

As can be seen from this analytical expression (AB), the disadvantages of the method used in the prototype are the following:

1. The measurement of the above-mentioned range can only be achieved in a homogeneous medium with constant pair is a ifferent, that may include, for example, to the aquatic environment;

2. Not taken into account the parameters of the surface layer of the atmosphere (temperature, relative humidity, thermal conductivity, adiabatic,), which reduces the accuracy of ranging FROM;

3. Not take into account the influence of reflection from the surface of the earth and the attenuation of sound woodlands, shelterbelts, which will also reduce the accuracy of measurement of this range;

4. The measurement of the amplitudes of the voltages at the outputs of signal processing (STP) is produced by three harmonics of the acoustic signal spectrum, the range is not determined immediately, but it can only be found by the method of successive approximations (how you can solve the transcendental equation), which increases the processing time of the signal;

5. Not provided location data FROM.

Objectives of the invention are measuring deletions (located on the surface of the earth, of water on these surfaces) from the acoustic direction finders; reduction of time of measurement and the positioning OF.

The technical result achieved in the solution of the task is the reduction of systematic and random measurement errors of this range, expansion of the range of problems solved by direction finders and increase their capacity.

To achieve the decree is the main technical result in the method of determining the distance to FROM, which are as follows: receiving acoustic signals at a frequency of two linear groups (LH) Svecofennian (RFP), the conversion of these acoustic signals into electrical signals, measuring the amplitudes of the voltages of these signals at the outputs 1 and 2 KOS, calculating the amplitude of the voltage at the output 1 of KOS to the amplitude of the voltage at the output 2 of KOS, the definition of bearing to and FROM the calculation of the amplitude of the output voltage 1 LH (carrying information about the amplitude of the sound pressure at the input of the signal at this frequency), if the direction OF coincided with the working axis of the normalized directivity (NHN) 1 LH, calculating the amplitude of the sound pressure at the input of the signal at this frequency; receiving acoustic signals at a different frequency two linear groups (LH) Svecofennian (RFP), the conversion of these acoustic signals into electrical signals, measuring the voltage amplitude of the signal at the output 1 of KOS, the calculation of the amplitude of the output voltage 1 LH (carrying information about the amplitude of the sound pressure at the input of the signal at this frequency), if the direction OF coincided with the working axis of the normalized directivity (NHN) 1 LH, calculating the amplitude of the sound pressure at the input of the signal at this frequency; calculating the distance to FROM on the proposed formula and the calculations of topogr the geographical coordinates on the AB.

The inventive method is illustrated by the following graphics:

Figure 1 normalized directional characteristic 1 and 2 linear groups Svecofennian acoustic signal, when receiving the acoustic signal at a frequency f;

Figure 2 Normalized directivity 1 and 2 linear groups Svecofennian acoustic signal, when receiving the acoustic signal at the frequency fand f₁;

Figure 3 normalized directional characteristic 1 and 2 linear groups Svecofennian acoustic signal, when receiving the acoustic signal at a frequency f₁;

Figure 4 Electrical block diagram of the device that implements the inventive method;

Figure 5 Scheme of doing sound exploration;

Fig.6 Normalized directivity 1 and 2 linear groups Svecofennian acoustic direction finder in the case of undirected St in the Cartesian coordinate system;

Fig.7. Scheme shielding of sound barriers (hills, mountains);

Fig Scheme of doing sound exploration in North-Eastern direction;

Fig.9 diagram of the reference sound exploration in North-West direction;

Figure 10 Scheme of doing sound intelligence in a South-westerly direction;

11 Scheme of doing sound intelligence in a South-easterly direction;

Fig Normalized features and advantages of the IKI-oriented Svecofennian 41 and 42 in the Cartesian coordinate system;

Fig Normalized directivity of Svecofennian 41 and 42 in the polar coordinate system;

Fig layout Svecofennian;

Fig Device pulse shaping. Electrical structural;

Fig Devices control the operation of the resonance amplifiers. Electrical structural;

Fig Graphics stresses, explaining the operation of the control device of the resonance amplifiers when receiving an acoustic signal from the front.

Fig Graphics stresses, explaining the operation of the control device of the resonance amplifiers when receiving an acoustic signal from the rear.

NHN 1i 2 LH LC in the direction finder that implements the proposed method of measuring the distance to IP at a frequency f describes such AB:

R₁*(Θ)=R₂*(Θ)=R(Θ)=R_RFP|[sin(nksinΘ)]/[nsin(ksinΘ)]| (see Fig.1, 2 solid curve), [13, s, AB (VI. 49) and (VI. 50) s],

where R_RFP- NHN each of the RFP, included in LH (with omnidirectional PO R_RFP=1[12, s, 98]);

n is the number of LC in each of the LH; k=πd/λ=πdf/C_W;

Θ - the angle in the horizontal plane between the direction: VIZ - source acoustic signal and an arbitrary direction; C_w≈C±wcosϕ - speed of sound-wave propagation taking into account the influence of the wind [5, AB (14)];

The "+" sign is taken when the wind is favorable direction of races is ostranenie sound, and the sign "-" when the wind is opposite to the direction of sound propagation;

[5, AB (1)];

t is the air temperature in the atmospheric surface layer;

w - wind speed this layer of the atmosphere.

ϕ - the acute angle between the vector wind speed and direction: source AC - acoustic direction finder;

With₀=331,5 [5, AB (11)].

NHN shown in figures 1, 2 (solid curve), calculated with such initial data (ID): n=20; d=10 m, f=20 Hz; t=5°C; W=5 m/s; ϕ=0 rad.

NHN 1 and 2 LH LC in the direction finder that implements the proposed method of measuring the distance to IP at a frequency f₁, describes such AB:

(see Figure 2 dashed curve and Figure 3), [13, s, AB (VI. 49) and (VI. 50) s], where k¹=πd/λ₁=πdf₁/C_W.

NHN shown in Figure 3, and 2 (dotted curve) when the above but ID f₁=30 Hz.

In figure 2 (for comparison, the width NHN at 0.5) these NHN depicted together. From NHN depicted in figure 1...3 it can be seen that the width NHN at 0.5 with increasing frequency harmonics accept AC decreases.

When implementing the proposed method automatically measured in the same time the amplitude of the voltages of the electrical signals with the main harmonic of f at the outputs of the amplitude detectors (BP) 1 and 2 KOS U₁and U₂(see Figure 4, 5, 6), the cat is that you can describe the following AB:

U₁=K_yU₀R(Θ_C-α), [14, p.44...47],

where K_ythe transmission coefficient (gain) 1, 2 KOS and channel frequency f₁that is determined experimentally and is a known quantity; U₀the amplitude of the voltage at the output of HELL 1 and 2 KOS when receiving the AC at the frequency f when OUT on the working axis NHN LH LC, if the gain (transfer) of the above channels were equal to 1;

R(Θ_C-α)=u₁/v₁; [(see figure 1, 2), [13, s, AB (VI.49) and (VI.50) s];

Θ_c=0,3Θ_0,5, [14, p.46]; see Fig.6.

θ_0,5- width NHN LH at 0.5 receipt of a signal at a frequency f, which is determined according to the schedule NHN described AB to R(Θ); see Figure 1 and 2 (solid curve);

or is calculated by the following formula:

θ_0,5=2Θ₁,

where Θ₁-Θ_Jwhen, -Θ_c≤α≤Θ_c;

j - number of the current approximation;

E - given the small difference between the approximations of bearings (such as 10^-6);

Θ_Jand Θ_J-1are determined from the following expression [15, s]:

when j=0,1,2,...,J-1, J; Θ₀=0,01 rad;

[15, c.309];

, [15, c.307, 309].

The amplitude of the voltage at the output of HELL 2 KOS when receiving the AC at a frequency of f takes the form

U₂=K_YU₀R(Θ_With+α), [14, p.44...47], where

R(Θ_C+α)=u₂/v₂;

Calculating the ratio (see Figure 4, it makes the computer) U₁/U₂=η_toyou can find this AB using the method of successive approximations, the value of the bearing OF the α (see Figure 4, it makes the computer) in this form:

T₁<T₄; T₂<T₃; T₁T₂; T₁T₂; T₁<T₃; T₂<T₄; T₃T₄; T₃T₄when joining speakers from one of the areas inside the working sector of the direction finder;

T₂<T₁; T₂<T₃; T₂<T₄; T₁<T₄; T₃<T₄; T₃<T₁when the parish of speakers with the right edge of the working sector of the direction finder;

T₁<T₄; T₁<T₂; T₁<T₃; T₄<T₂; T₄<T₃; T₂<T₃when joining AC with the left border of the working sector of the direction finder;

upon failure to comply with the above conditions, the calculation of the bearing, distance to and FROM its topographic coordinate is not possible,

where T₁, sub> 2T₃T₄- the times of arrival of the AU to PO 1...4, respectively;

α_Jand α_J-1are determined from the following expression [15, s]:

when j=0, 1, 2,..., J-1, J,

wherewhich is obtained by solving equations of the form η_K=U₁/U₂=u₁v₂/u₂v₁(it's above) relative to the bearing α;

[15, c.308];

[15, c.308];

[15, c.307-309];

[15, c.307-309];

[15, c.307-309];

[15, c.307-309];

From AB for the amplitude of the voltage at the output of HELL 1 KOS when receiving the AC at a frequency f can be found AV for U₀(smpeg, it makes the computer) in this form: U₀=U₁/[K_yR(Θ_C-α)]. The amplitude of the voltage U₀proportional to the amplitude of the sound pressure at the entrance 1LG P_mi.e.

U₀=P_MK,

where K - coefficient of proportionality (determined experimentally), takes into account the Mering sensitivity of LH at the corresponding frequency, the supply voltage of microphones and other design parameters.

Then P_M=U₀/K, and the level of the sound pressure will be determined by such AB [11, p.15, AB (1.17); 12, c.l2]:

L=20lg(P_M/2·10^-5),

which will calculate the computer.

By analogy with the above, when receiving the AC at a frequency f₁calculates the amplitude of the voltage at the output AD channel frequency f₁(see Figure 4)

wherethe amplitude of the voltage at the output AD channel frequency f₁(see Figure 4) when receiving the AC at a frequency f₁when OUT on the working axis NHN 1 LH LC, if the gain (transfer) of the above channel was equal to 1;

k¹=πdf₁/C_W=πd/λ¹.

From AB for the amplitude of the voltage at the output AD channel frequency f₁when receiving the AC at a frequency f₁you can find AVin this form:

The voltage amplitudeproportional to the amplitude of the sound pressure at the inlet 1 LH P_1mi.e.

where To¹the proportionality coefficient (determined experimentally), taking into account sensitivity 1 on LH frequency is f ₁the supply voltage of microphones and other design parameters.

Then

and the level of the sound pressure will be determined by such AB [11, p.15, AB (1.17); 12, c.l2]:

L₁=20lg(P_1M/2·10^-5).

Value Δ₂due to decrease in sound pressure level different obstacles (it is calculated in the computer), when receiving the AC at the frequency f will be determined by such AB:

[11, p.189, AB (6.33)];

where[11, c.172];

N_f=2δ/λ;

δ=a+b-d_L;

(a+b) is the length of the shortest path from the approximate center of the area of special attention (MOAT) to the signal passing through the top edge of the screen (for example, hill or mountain), see Fig.7, where the approximate center of the DITCH, AP - acoustic direction finder, which can be measured on a topographic map and entered into the computer before doing sound exploration;

d_L- the distance between the approximate center of the DITCH and the direction finder on a straight line (target line), see Fig.7, which can also be measured from the topographical map and entered into the computer before doing sound exploration;

λ=C_W/f is the wavelength of sound within the parameters of the wind in the atmospheric surface layer when receiving the AC at a frequency f;

ΔL_screen=5 dB, δ=0, [11, p.172].

Value ΔL_{p is in} due to decrease in sound level underlying surface depends on the form of this surface.

If the underlying surface with grass (snow) cover, and height of the location of the AC source N_Andand LGSP h above the earth's surface is not less than 1 m and frequency f and f₁are in the range of f_H...f_Band f_H=2·10³·D^1/2and f_B=20D/hH_Andwhen receiving the AC at a frequency of f ΔL_rotwill be determined by such AB:

[11, c.177],

where D_POBdistance from the direction finder to the approximate center of the DITCH, which can be measured before the combat operation of the direction finder from the topographical map and enter in the computer.

If the underlying surface is hard (for example, ice or rocky ground) and the reflected beam enters LH LC,

ΔL_rot=0, [11, s],

If the underlying surface is hard (for example, ice or rocky ground), but the reflected beam misses LH LC (shielded folds), then

ΔL_rot=3 dB, [11, s].

Value β_GREENdue to decrease in sound level forest and shelterbelts:

(it is calculated in the computer), when receiving the AC at the frequency f will be determined by such AB:

[11, c.178];

β_Asel=0,08 dB/m for decorative belts with large thick leaves;

β =0,25 dB/m for dense shelterbelts;

β_Asel=0,08 dB/m for the special sound of the belts with a tight closing of the crowns of trees and filling the undercrown space scrub and woodland;

1 - the path traversed by the AU from the DITCH through forests and stripes to the direction finder, which also can be measured before the combat operation of the direction finder on a topographic map.

Types of shelterbelts and woodlands can be determined from a topographic map.

The value ofdue to decrease in sound pressure level different obstacles (it is calculated in the computer), when receiving the AC at a frequency f₁will be determined by such AB:

[11, c.189, AB(6.33)],

where[11, c.172];

=2δ/λ¹;

when δ=0, [11, c.172].

[11, c.177],

If the underlying surface is hard (for example ice or rocky ground) and the reflected beam enters LH LC,

[11, c.177],

If the underlying surface is hard (for example ice or rocky ground), but the reflected beam misses LH LC (shielded folds), then

[11, s].

The absorption coefficient of sound forest and shelterbelts is mi when receiving the AC at a frequency f ₁you can identify such AB:

[11, p.178].

The absorption coefficient of sound in air at the intake of the AC at the frequency f, is determined in the AB:

see [12, c.21, AB (6.31)],

where ρ air density;

η - the coefficient of viscosity of air (for example, η=to 1.402 at t=15°C and atmospheric pressure is 101325 PA [12, p.6]);

ν=C_p/S_vthe adiabatic factor;

With_p- specific heat of air at constant pressure;

With_v- specific heat of air at constant volume;

χ - coefficient of thermal conductivity of air.

The absorption coefficient of sound in air when receiving the AC at a frequency f₁, is determined in the AB:

see [12, c.21, AB(6.31)].

The distance from the radio signal will be determined by such AB:

Topographic coordinates FROM when doing sound exploration in North-Eastern direction will be determined by such AB (see Fig):

x_C=x_p+D cosα_from=x_p+D cos(α_RSN+α);

the_C=y_p+D sinα_from=y_p+D sin(α_RSN+α),

where x_p, y_ptopographic coordinates of the radio signal determined by the system of the topographic location;

D - distance FROM, determined by AB (2);

α_fromdirection the first angle;

α_RSN=α_1,20-Θ_with-π/2 - directional angle DCL calculated by the computer (see Fig);

Θ_with=(α_1,20-α_40,21)/2,

since 2Θ_with=(α_1,20-α_40,21see Fig;

α_1,20that α_40,21- the azimuth angles with 1 CW 20 CW and 40 on 21 RFP, respectively, defined, for example, artillery gyrocompass.

Topographic coordinates FROM when doing sound exploration in North-West direction will be determined by such AB (see Fig.9):

x_C=x_p+D cosβ₁=x_p+D cos[2π-(α_RSN+α)];

y_C=y_p-D sinβ₁=y_p-D sin(α_RSN+α),

α_RSN=α_1,20-Θ_with+3π/2 - directional angle DCL calculated by the computer (see Fig.9).

Topographic coordinates FROM when doing sound exploration in the South-West direction will be determined by such AB (see Figure 10):

x_C=x_p-D cosβ₂=x_p-D cos[α_RSN-π)+α];

the_C=y_p-D sinβ₂=y_p-D sin[α_RSN-π)+α];

α_RSN=α_1,20-Θ_with-π/2, see Figure 10.

Topographic coordinates FROM when doing sound exploration in South-Eastern direction will be determined by such AB (see 11):

x_C=x_p-D cosβ₃=x_p-D cos[π-(#x003B1; _RSN+α)];

the_C=y_p+D sin β₃=y_p+D sin[π-(α_RSN+α)];

α_Ren=α_1,20-Θ_with-π/2, see 11.

Electrical block diagram of the direction finder that implements the proposed method of measuring the distance shown in Figure 4. Composition and appointment of the devices included in this scheme, the following: sumpremacy (RFP) 1...42, each of which includes a condenser or electret microphone preamplifier microphone signal, a lowpass filter (LPF) and a constant current source, placed in a dome-shaped windproof case, in the upper part of which is mounted a ball level, allowing you to set the working axis of the microphones vertically (this provides a circular NHN them in the horizontal plane). PO 1...40 solve the following tasks: receive acoustic signals and interference from the surrounding space; convert them into electrical signals and interference; distinguish these signals from the above-mentioned mixture of signal and noise; reduce the impact of wind noise, and prevent the ingress of moisture to their devices and transmit signals and interference, the amplitude spectrum of which is identical with the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the LPF, the resonance amplifiers (RU). Sumpremacy front 41 and rear 42 in composition similar to the others, what about the case is the same with the case of the CW for example, sound station SCS - 6 [6, see s] or SCS - MAP 41 and 42 are positioned relative to LH as shown in Fig. Working the axes of these PO are arranged horizontally, and the work petal (more petal) NHN LC 41 located in the direction of the DITCH (toward the front), and - LC 42 in the side of their troops (in the rear), see Fig, 15. NHN these RFP describes hypercardioid

R(Θ)=M+γcos©, [12, sm,98], where M=0,25; γ=0,75, see Fig, 13.

This ensures the reception of the speakers who work in the sector from the front, and not the assumption in KOS acoustic noise generated during volleys of artillery batteries of our troops coming from the rear. The peculiarity of their destination before the other RFP is that the CW 41 transmits a signal to the Schmitt trigger 61 and 42 RFP - Schmitt trigger 63. CW 1, CW 20, 21 RFP and RFP 40 serves their signals and RU 45. PO 1...20 RFP and RFP 21...40 RFP form 1 and 2 LH, respectively (see Figure 4...6), which provides a narrow NHN (see Figure 1...3 and 6) and, consequently, high interference immunity of signal due to spatial selection OF the (objectives).

EN 43, 44, 46 (20 pieces in each block), each of which includes a switch for 2 inputs and 1 output, which is connected to one input of RU, and himself RU (selective amplifier (PS), with a center frequency bandwidth f; RU 43 this frequency is equal to f₁. RU 45 contains only 4 PS, which are not to the mutator at the input; their Central frequency bandwidth is also equal to f. Yiwu RU 1 and 2 of the channels 44 and 46 are intended to emphasize the harmonic with frequency f of the amplitude spectrum of the electrical signal and noise coming from the LC 1...20 1 LH and LC 21...40 2 LH, after the arrival of a pulse of positive polarity from the one-shot 62 (gate pulse) and feed it to the corresponding adders voltage 48, 49. EN 43 is used for separation of harmonic with frequency f₁from the amplitude spectrum of the electrical signal and noise coming from the LC 1...20 1 LH, and supply it to the adder voltage channel frequency f₁47 after the arrival of a pulse of positive polarity from the one-shot 62.

Resonant amplifiers 45 are intended to emphasize the fundamental wave with the frequency f of the amplitude spectrum of the electrical signal and noise coming from the LC 1, 20, 21, 40, and feed her on device pulse shaping 59 after the arrival of the speakers to the appropriate RFP.

Adders voltage channel frequency f₁47, 1 channel 48.2 channel 49 have 20 inputs and 1 output. They are designed to summarize the relevant stresses and send them to the amplitude detectors (AD) during the period of the gate pulse.

Amplitude detectors 50 and 52 define the largest amplitude of the total stress signals in their processing channels, convert them into constant is atragene and submit them to the appropriate 8-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADC) 53...55 of its channels.

Recent convert constant voltage carrying information about the above amplitudes of voltages (see Figure 4), into a digital code and pass it into the appropriate registers.

Registers channel frequency f₁56.1 channel 57.2 channel 58 based on triggers that have one input and 8 outputs. Register channel frequency f₁56 is used to check voltagesand enter it in the computer 60. Register 1 channel 57 is used to record the value of the voltage U₁and enter it in the computer 60. Register 2 channel 58 is used to record the value of the voltage U₂and enter it in the computer 60.

Device pulse shaping 59 include 4 channel processing AU (see Fig). The processing channels of the AC include: the Schmitt trigger 65...68; adenoviridae 69...72.

The Schmitt triggers are used to form a pointed triangular pulses from the respective harmonic and quasi-harmonic electric signals and supply them to the appropriate adenovirally (see Fig).

Adenovirally 62, 64 (see Figure 4, 16...18) are retarded multivibrators. The one-shot 62 is designed to generate rectangular pulses of positive polarity with duration of 0.5 s and feed it to 1 core and 1 control inputs of the switches PN 43, 44 and 46.

The one-shot 64 is designed to inspire the Finance rectangular pulses of positive and negative polarity with duration of 2 C. Moreover, a pulse of positive polarity is supplied in 2 control inputs of the switches PN 43, 44 and 46, and a pulse of negative polarity is supplied in 2 main inputs of the switches PN 43, 44 and 46.

Adenovirally 69...72 are retarded multivibrators and are used to form rectangular pulses of positive polarity 1 sec. fed to the computer 60 (see Figure 4, 15).

The computer 60 (see Figure 4) solves the following tasks: calculates the bearings using the algorithm of calculation presented above, and the text of the program presented in Appendix 2; calculates remove the AC source from the direction finder using the algorithm of calculation presented above, determines the arrival times of the signals (T₁T₂T₃T₄defining the identity of the AC source to the working sector of the acoustic antenna; produces clock pulses, the pulses "Read" and "Reset", which is the working registers of the channel frequency f₁56,1 and 2 channels; assigns a target number (AC source), records of astronomical time of the manifestation of this goal, calculates its rectangular topographic coordinates x_C, y_Cusing the algorithm of calculation presented above, and the text of the program presented in Appendix 2; transmits the data to the command post of the artillery battalion.

TRG is ture Schmitt 61 and 63 are used to form a pointed triangular pulses from the respective harmonic and quasi-harmonic electric signals, coming from the LC frontal 41 and RFP rear 42, respectively, and supply them to adenovirally 62 and 64 (see Figure 4).

Adenovirally 62 and 64 are also inhibited the multivibrators. The one-shot 62 produces selective pulse received at the first and the control inputs of the switch (see Fig) with a duration of 0.5 s (see Fig, 18). The one-shot 64 produces a rectangular pulse of negative polarity supplied to the second input of the switch (see Fig) duration 2 (see Fig, 18), and also to the input of the inverter (see Fig).

The proposed device operates as follows: when receiving AC from the working sector of the direction finder of the sound wave reaches, for example, RFP 1 (see Figure 4, 5 and 14 ), the latter converts the AC signal into an electrical signal (ES) and submits it to 1 PS unit RU 45, the output of this amplifier signal is applied to the Schmitt trigger 65, the latter will form from this ES pulses are triangular in shape, coming to the one-shot 69. The first of these pulses will cause the formation of this rectangular one-shot pulse of positive polarity with duration of 1 s, which goes on the computer. The latter will record the time T₁. When applying AC to LC 2, LC 3, and so on, the last convert this AC ES and deliver them to the 1 inputs of the respective switches (see Figure 4, 5 and 14 ), but these ES will not pass, because at this time the I switches not supplied selector pulse. With the advent of AC to LC 21 converts it into ES and submits it to 1 PS unit RU 46, the output of this amplifier signal is applied to the Schmitt trigger 67, the latter will form from this ES pulses are triangular in shape, coming to the one-shot 71. The first of these pulses will cause the formation of this rectangular one-shot pulse of positive polarity with duration of 1 s, which goes on the computer. The latter will record the time T₂(see Figure 4, 5, 14).

Similar processes occur in the direction finder when taking AC CW on 20 and 40. This will result in fixing computer times T₃and T₄.

When applying AC to the LC frontal 41 (see Figure 4, 5, 14...18) at its output will be generated ES, which goes to the Schmitt trigger, the latter will generate a sequence of pulses of a triangular shape, the first of which will trigger the one-shot 62. It will form the selector pulse, which goes to 1 and the control inputs of each switch PN 43, 44 and 46, causing Yiwu these blocks ROUX will allocate at time 0.5 s and reinforce the ES that will be delivered to the corresponding adders voltage 47...49. The latter will form the corresponding total ES that will be delivered to their HELL. They convert most of the amplitude of the total ES in constant voltage, which will come on their ADC 53...55. Recent convert them into binary code IPREDator this information into the appropriate registers 56...58, and then in the computer. Thus, information about the amplitudes U₁U₂andwill go on the computer, where in accordance with the above algorithm and the program will calculate the above values.

When applying AC to LC rear 42 (see Figures 1, 3, 16...18) at its output will be generated ES, which goes to the Schmitt trigger, the latter will generate a sequence of pulses of a triangular shape, the first of which will trigger the one-shot 64. It will generate 2 pulse, negative and positive polarity with duration of 2 s Pulse of positive polarity will be 2 control input of all switches PN 43, 44 and 46, and the negative polarity on the 2 main entrance of all these switches. As a result, all PS these blocks ROUX will be closed at time 2, therefore, the adders voltage signals will not be received.

In the absence of AC inputs all RFP PS PN 43, 44 and 46 are closed, because switches them off from their inputs.

When applying AC with rear it reaches the first RFP rear 42, which provides for the formation of 2 of the above pulses, which ultimately closes all Yiwu RU at time 2 C. Therefore, when passing this signal through the LC LH their signals do not arrive in Yiwu ROUX.

Upon receipt speakers from areas outside of the upstream signal processing Boo the et is on all 3 channels, but identifying the sources bearings AC, range and topographic coordinate is not, because it will not run conditions described in AB (1).

Technical implementation of the above method is available that will show below. PO 1...40 when the direction finding firing artillery guns, mortars, shells, warheads, and mines can be sumpremacy (devices PR-2)used in automated sound complexes ACP-5 [16].

RFP 41,42 in composition similar to the LC 1...40, but the microphones they type the MCA 802 [12, pagination 126], CMCA-1 [12, s] or CCM-19-03 (windproof) [12, s].

As switches, available in RU 43, 44, 46, it is possible to use four-channel switches, for example, CCT described in [20, s, 106].

As Yiwu available in RU 43-46, can be used, for example, Yiwu operational amplifier (op-amp) with a double T-shaped bridge [18, s, 168].

As adders stress 47-49 you can use the device on the basis of the operational amplifier [17, S. 213, 214].

As the amplitude detectors can be used, for example, a simple detector videokursov [21, s, 254].

As ADC you can use CVS or CPV [20, s].

As registers can be used, for example, 8-bit shift register CIR [20, s].

As computer 60 C is LeSabre to use Pentium IV 1700 MHz /512 Mb DDR /60 Gb HDD 7200 rpm.

As Schmitt trigger 61, 63, 65-68 can be used, for example, integrated circuits CLA and its modifications [19, p.39] or device-based OS, is described in [18, s].

As odnovorov 62,64, 69-72 be useful, for example, integrated circuits KAG [18, p.á192-194] or CAS [18, p.116].

Thus, the above device is developed technically realizable.

Literature

1. U.S. patent 3042897, CL 340-6. Acoustic direction finder. Published in 1962. Bulletin No. 20, 1962.

2. Patent Germany 1807535, CL G 01 s Acoustic direction finder. Published in 1970, Bulletin No. 24.

3. Patent Germany 2027940, CL G 01 S 3/80. Acoustic direction finder. Published in 1977. Bulletin No. 7.

4. RF patent 2048678 class. G 01 S 3/80. Direction finder sources of acoustic radiation. / Khokhlov VK and others/. Published 20.11.1995, Bulletin No..

5. Talanov AV (audio exploration. - M.: Voenizdat, 1957. - 350 S.

6. Sergeev V.V. the base of the device and design elements sound equipment. - Penza: PUIU, 1964. 143 C.

7. Automated sound complex ACP - 5 (Product B). Technical description. BM, 1977.

8. Automated sound complex ACP - thechnically description. BM, 1987.

9. Shmelev CENTURIES Multichannel acoustic ravesignal direction finder. Defense technology, No. 10-11. - M. 1996, p.17-19.

11. The noise control on the production. The Handbook. Pod obshch. Red. Alaldina. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1985. - 400 C.

12. Iofe VK, goldcrests VG, boots M.A. Handbook of acoustics. - M.: Communication, 1979. - 312 S.

13. Vakhitov AS Theoretical foundations of electro-acoustics and electroacoustic equipment. - M.: Art, 1982. - 600 C.

14. Handbook on the basics of radar equipment. Edited Tin. - M.: Voenizdat, 1967. - 768 S.

15. Bronstein, I.N., Semendjajew K.A. Handbook of mathematics. - M.: Nauka, 1964. - S.

16. System s-1. Album electric schematics. - BM, 1980.

17. Pavlov V.N. The Shulgin NR. The circuitry of analog electronic devices. - M.: hotline Telecom, 2001. - 320 S.

18. Zabrodin US Industrial electronics: Textbook for universities. - M.: Higher school, 1992. - 496 S.

19. Bulychev A.L., Galkin V.I., Prokhorenko, VA Analog integrated circuits: a Handbook. - Minsk: Belarus, 1993. - 382 S.

20. Reference developer and designer REA. Element base. Book I. - M.: ITAR-TASS, 1993. - 157 C.

21. Theory and calculation of main radio circuits for the transistors. - M.: Communication, 1964. - 456 S.

The method of measuring the distance and location of the sound source, implying that take structures the practical signals of the first and second linear groups Svecofennian, convert acoustic signals into proportional electrical signals, serves the electrical signals in the channels of processing, emit and amplify the signals at frequency f equal to the frequency of the main harmonic spectrum of the acoustic signal of the sound source, and f¹to measure the amplitude of the voltage of the selected output signals of the processing channels, determine the bearing to the sound source, determine the amplitude of the sound pressure at the inlet of the first linear group Svecofennian at frequencies f and f¹calculate the distance to the sound source, characterized in that the first and second channels of the processing to process the electrical signals with a frequency f, adopted by the first and second linear groups Svecofennian respectively, and the channel frequency f¹- electric signals with a frequency f¹adopted by the first linear group Svecofennian, bearing to the sound source determined by using the ratio of the amplitude of the voltage at the output of the first channel processing to the amplitude of the voltage at the output of the second channel processing, calculate the voltage amplitude of the output signal of the first channel processing, if the sound source was on the working axis of the normalized directivity of the first linear group Svecofennian, the amplitude of the sound pressure at the inlet of the first linear group sound is Ramnicu at a frequency f determined by dividing the calculated voltage amplitude by a factor of proportionality, determined experimentally at a frequency f, calculate the sound pressure level at the inlet of the first linear group Svecofennian at frequency f, calculate the amplitude of the voltage signal at the output of the channel frequency f¹if the sound source was on the working axis of the normalized directivity of the first linear group Svecofennian, the amplitude of the sound pressure at the inlet of the first linear group Svecofennian at a frequency of f¹determined by dividing the calculated amplitude of the voltage on the proportionality coefficient, determined experimentally at a frequency of f¹calculate the sound pressure level at the inlet of the first linear group Svecofennian at a frequency of f¹determine the type of the underlying surface from the topographical map and compass bearing to the sound source, determines the decrease of the sound pressure at frequencies f and f¹caused by the influence of obstacles, the type of the underlying surface, forest, direction and wind speed, air temperature, atmospheric pressure in the atmospheric surface layer, determine the absorption coefficient of sound in air at frequencies f and f¹based on the viscosity and density of air specific heat at constant pressure and constant volume, thermal conductivity, distance to the sound source calculated using the use of specific sound pressure levels, reduction of sound pressure level, absorption of sound in air, using the calculated distance to determine the topographic coordinates of the sound source.