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IPC classes for russian patent Light gypsum facing slab with high starch content (RU 2414440):
Structure of interior walls of building, using dry wall panels, and used for coating of walls connective material / 2365552
Particular invention relates to structures of interior walls of building with application of its coating by compound and connective material. There are described structures of interior walls of building (versions), differs by that contains film coating of components of dry wall, including elements of dry wall, containing at least one layer of film coating on element of dry wall, herewith compound of film coating includes water, coupling medium, filler, including at least about 60% by weight CaCO3, and non-cellulose thickener, herewith specified non-cellulose thickener contains polyacrylate; and at least one connective material, connecting coating by film elements of dry wall, forming in essence flat outside surface. Also it is proposed method of creation of interior walls, compound of coating for dry walls and coated by film coating element of dry wall.
 Reinforced product / 2350721
Invention refers to construction industry, and namely to reinforced structures, and can be used for constructing buildings and structures of various configuration and with various number of storeys. Reinforced product consists of interior structure made in the form of reinforcement cage, and external curing filling with a mesh located thereinside and interconnected with reinforcement cage. Mesh is provided with solid elements fixed thereon, thus obtaining uniformly thickened layer of curing filling, which is proportional to dimensions of fixed solid elements, and forming load-carrying and enclosing layer.
 Method of execution of relief covering on building walls and raised plates on building walls / 2325493
Method applies to the field of finishing works that are done in construction during execution and reconstruction of buildings, and also internal finishes in already finished buildings and constructions. The problem of the current technical solution involves simplifying the technology and ensuring the possibility of forming covers on housing spaces of different functions, which would visually covers its possible initial defects. The method of executing the relief covering on walls (partitions, ceilings) of housing buildings, involves preparation of its surface prime coat under priming of the first layer of plaster, application of the first layer of plaster and discrete on the area of application of further layers with the formation on the layers of different height relative to the first layer projections. Starting from the second layer, subsequent layers are applied by a palette knife on the projection parts of the previous relief. The subsequent applied layer is done after the preceding layer has dried up, and this determines the loss of mobility under the action of tangential and/or normal force of application of subsequent layer using the palette knife. Layers are applied with a thickness of up to 2.5 mm. Here is a description of relief covering done by the described method.
 Building panels, foundation structure, three-dimensional building structure, methods for three-dimensional building structure erection and building heat insulation / 2277619
Building panel comprises frame members, connection means, which connect frame member one to another to create laminated frame in frame plane. The laminated frame includes steel members and hardened flowing material layer defining inner cavity, as well as insulation means located in the cavity. Hardened flowing material layer is made as flat asbestos cement sheet installed so that the sheet adjoins outer steel frame layers and may be detachably fastened thereto. The connection means are made as threaded members arranged in frame cavity and as orifices for threaded member receiving. Heat insulation means is made as expanded vermiculite located in frame cavity after three-dimensional building structure erection at building site. Method of building panel production, foundation structure, three-dimensional building structure, method of three-dimensional building structure production and method of building heat-insulation are also disclosed.
 Way of the outer insulation of the facade / 2171340
The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used for insulation of external walls
 Construction panel, method of its manufacture and created on the basis of this foundation building block, the foundation of the structure, three-dimensional construction of high-rise building and a three-dimensional structure, and method of fastening parts of the architectural finish to the surface of the structure / 2121044
The invention relates to the field of construction
A method of manufacturing a stucco finish / 2105114
The invention relates to the construction, namely, plaster decorative and artistic works, in particular, to a technology of performing molded products
 Light cement panel reinforced with fibre / 2414351
Invention relates to a light fibre-reinforced cement panel (versions) and method of making said panel. The invention can be used in the building industry. The reinforced light dimensionally stable panel, having specific weight of 60-85 lb/ft3 - 961-1360 kg/m3 and flexural strength between approximately 750 and 1180 psi, contains: a continuous phase obtained from solidification of an aqueous mixture of the cement composition, wherein the cement composition contains (based on the dry base) 35-70 wt % reactive powder, 20-50 wt % light filler, 0% glass fibre and 0.5-5.0 wt % polyvinyl styrene fibre, wherein the continuous phase is reinforced with polyvinyl styrene fibres and contains a light filler which has particles with specific weight between 0.02 and 1.00 g/ml and average particle diametre from 50 to 250 mcm and/or particle diametre between 10 and 500 mcm, where the polyvinyl styrene fibres have diametre between approximately 10 and 400 mcm and length from approximately 0.1 to 1 inch (2.5-25.4 mm) and modulus of elasticity of 20-50 GPa. In another version, the reinforced light dimensionally stable panel has specific weight of 60-75 lb and the diametre of polyvinyl styrene fibres is between approximately 10 and 400 mcm. The method of making the said panel involves putting an aqueous composition of the cement composition into the mould for the panel, where the said mixture contains (based on dry mass) 40-95 wt % cement, wherein the continuous phase of the said composition is uniformly reinforced with polyvinyl styrene fibres and contains uniformly distributed light filler having particles with specific weight of 0.02-1.00 g/l, where the polyvinyl styrene fibres have diametre of 10-400 mcm, length of 0.1-1 inch (2.5-25.4 mm) and measured modulus of elasticity of 20-50 GPa, and hardening the aqueous mixture for moulding the panel. The invention is developed in subclaims.
Method of producing wood-slag composite / 2413703
Invention relates to production of construction materials and may be used in production of construction materials and wood-slag composites. In compliance with proposed method, wood wastes are treated in alkaline medium at 100°C for 1-2 h, wood waste-t-liquid glass weight ratio making 1:5.6-10. Produced bulk containing water soluble lignine is mixed for, at least, 0.1 h with cementing agent consisting of blast-furnace granulated slag pre-ground to surface density of, at least, 3100 cm2/g and cement. Mix thus produced is compacted and form is removed in 8-24 hours depending upon the quality of solidification agent.
Method of producing water-resistant gypsum building materials / 2413689
Invention relates to a method of producing water-resistant gypsum materials. The method of producing water-resistant gypsum building materials involves tempering hydraulic binder containing calcium silicate with an aqueous solution of a strong acid and mixing the obtained product with gypsum binder which is in form of a phosphohemihydrate of calcium sulphate. The strong acid used is sulphuric acid and water is added during said mixing, with the components in the following ratio in wt %: hydraulic binder 30; phosphohemihydrate of calcium sulphate 70; water to water-solid ratio 0.3, where amount of strong acid used is such that content of non-bonded SiO2 formed during decomposition of silicates is equal to 10-25% of the weight of solid components formed during hardening of the said hydraulic binder.
Crude mixture for producing gypsum binder and articles from said binder / 2413688
Invention relates to the technology of producing building materials, more specifically to a crude mixture for producing gypsum binder and articles made from gypsum binder, which can be used in producing construction materials for making low- and medium-grade strength small pieces of wall blocks, partitioning slabs and lintel blocks. The crude mixture for producing gypsum binder and articles from gypsum binder contains the following in wt %: dihydrate of phosphogypsum 70-78, filler 19-27.5, unslaked lime 1.4-1.9, water - the rest. The crude mixture can contain dihydrate of phosphogypsum in form of wastes from production of wet-process phosphoric acid with natural specific surface area of 3500-4500 cm2/g and natural moisture content of 30-35%. The crude mixture can contain filler with specific surface area of 4500-5000 cm2/g in form of slag-ash wastes or blast-furnace slag, or screenings of gypsum or limestone chips.
Crude mixture for producing gypsum binder and articles from said binder / 2413688
Invention relates to the technology of producing building materials, more specifically to a crude mixture for producing gypsum binder and articles made from gypsum binder, which can be used in producing construction materials for making low- and medium-grade strength small pieces of wall blocks, partitioning slabs and lintel blocks. The crude mixture for producing gypsum binder and articles from gypsum binder contains the following in wt %: dihydrate of phosphogypsum 70-78, filler 19-27.5, unslaked lime 1.4-1.9, water - the rest. The crude mixture can contain dihydrate of phosphogypsum in form of wastes from production of wet-process phosphoric acid with natural specific surface area of 3500-4500 cm2/g and natural moisture content of 30-35%. The crude mixture can contain filler with specific surface area of 4500-5000 cm2/g in form of slag-ash wastes or blast-furnace slag, or screenings of gypsum or limestone chips.
Wood concrete mixture / 2412921
Invention relates to the industry of building materials, particularly to production of boards from wood-cement compositions used mainly in farm building. The wood concrete mixture contains cement, hogged chips, gypsum, lime and calcium chloride. The mixture also contains liquid glass, where components of the mixture are in the following ratio, wt %: cement 30-34; hogged chips 52-58; lime 4-5; gypsum 1-1.5; calcium chloride 1-1.5; liquid glass 5-7.
 Procedure for preparing ballast material for underwater pipeline / 2412393
Procedure for preparing ballast material for underwater pipeline consists in mixing cement, filler, water and plasticiser to make mixture of specified density and flowability. As plasticiser there is used filler of big dimension from the group: barite or iron containing ore or their mixture. Also, mixing is carried out in two stages. At the first stage 10-20 wt % of said big dimension filler of its total amount is supplied into the mixer together with cement, water and plasticiser and mixed for 10-15 sec. At the second stage the rest filler of big dimension is supplied in equal batches with intervals of 10-15 sec, and it is mixed; the components are mixed till there is obtained a homogenous mixture.
 Finishing composition / 2411205
Invention relates to construction materials and can be used finish concrete and plastered surfaces. The composition contains the following in wt %: air-slaked lime 14-16, styrene-acrylate dispersion Novopol 110 4-8, 11% sol solution of ortho-silicic acid H4SiO4 with pH=4-5 - 5-8, aggregate - loam soil with specific surface area S=5000 cm2/g 48-54, water - 18-23.
Composition for producing construction articles / 2411204
Invention relates to compositions for producing construction articles and can be used in the building industry. The composition for producing construction articles, which contains ground gypsum rock, magnesium oxide and water, also contains talc and synthetic fibrous filler, with the following ratio of components in wt %: ground gypsum rock 85-87, magnesium oxide 0.1-1.0, talc 0.3-2.0, synthetic fibrous filler 0.2-0.5, water - the rest.
Mass for production of gypsum boards / 2410347
Mass for production of gypsum boards includes, wt %: water 680-720, waste paper 15-20, calcium sulfate dihydrate or phosphogypsum 75-80, urea formaldehyde resin 4.8-5.2, starch 2.2-2.6, carboxymethylcellulose 0.02-0.04, synthetic fibrous filler 1.4-2.0.
 Quick-drying gypsum products / 2404334
Gypsum suspension contains water, hydraulic material containing at least 50 wt % of calcium sulfate hemihydrate, and polycarboxylate disperser with a molecular weight from 20000 to 80000 Da, containing a repeating link such as an ether of vinyl alcohol, a repeating link such as acrylic acid and a repeating link such as maleic acid. A wall board includes at least one part made of lining material fixed to the gypsum core, where the specified core is made of the above mentioned gypsum suspension.
 Efficient application of dispersers in foam-containing wall board / 2404148
Method for application of foam and disperser in suspension of gypsum includes mixing plaster gypsum, the first disperser and the first amount of water, to produce gypsum suspension, mixing of soap, the second disperser and the second amount of water, to produce foam, and mixing foam and suspension. Method for efficient application of dispersers in core of gypsum wall board includes mixing plaster gypsum, the first disperser and the first amount of water to produce gypsum suspension, mixing of soap, the second disperser and the second amount of water to produce foam, mixing foam and suspension, pouring suspension onto lining material, formation of suspension into board and making it possible for suspension to harden, to create a core of wall board. Invention is developed in subclaims of formula of invention.
 Gypsum board containing at least one layer of facing paper with priming emulsion containing plastic pigments, priming emulsion and according method of implementation / 2386538
Invention is related to the field of construction materials. Gypsum board contains at least one layer of facing paper that creates outer side of board and priming emulsion applied on facing paper. Priming emulsion contains plastic pigments as bleach, preferably in amount from 5 to 40 wt % of plastic pigments. Emulsion is applied in amount from 10 g/m2 to 45 g/m2.
 Plaster board and production method / 2281860
Plaster panel comprises gypsum core having front surface, rear surface and four side surfaces and at least one coating paper base, which covers front and rear surfaces, as well as opposite side surfaces of the panel. Gypsum core includes one or several solid edge parts. Each edge part has one side surface covered with coating paper base, one or several high-density parts having front or rear surfaces or rear surface non including side surface covered with coating paper base. High-density part has density substantially equal to that of hard edge part and includes low-density section having density lower than that of hard edge part and that of high-density section contacting with hard edge part. Hard edge part does not comprise nail driving areas.
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FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of preparing gypsum suspensions, as well as to making articles from said suspensions. The invention discloses gypsum-containing suspensions which contain gypsum plaster, naphthalene sulphonate dispersing agent and pre-gelled starch. The naphthalene sulphonate dispersing agent is present in amount of at least approximately 0.58% of the mass of the gypsum plaster. The pre-gelled starch is present in amount of at least approximately 0.5-10% of the mass of the dry gypsum plaster in the mixture. The suspension can contain other additives, including trimethaphosphate salts, catalysts, binding materials, lint, glass fibre and other known ingredients. The invention also discloses gypsum-containing products made from such suspensions, e.g. gypsum facing slabs, and a method of making gypsum facing slabs. The invention is developed in subclaims. EFFECT: high strength of strength of the gypsum plate. 22 cl, 6 tbl, 6 ex
The technical field The present invention relates to a method for producing gypsum slurries containing pre-gelatinising starch and naphthalenesulfonate dispersant, and made of them the products. The invention also relates to a method for increasing the strength of the dry gypsum-based products, including cladding (wall) plate, through the use of naphthalenesulfonate dispersant in combination with a pre-gelatinising starch in the suspension used for manufacturing these products. Description of the prior art Some properties of gypsum (dihydrate calcium sulphate) make it a very common material used for the manufacture of industrial and construction products, such as gypsum wall boards. Gypsum is an abundantly available and are usually inexpensive raw materials that can be cast, extruded or otherwise molded to give the desired configuration using the process of dehydration and rehydration. The main material is made of gypsum wall boards and other gypsum products, is semi-aquatic form calcium sulphate (CaSO4·1/2H2O), commonly called "plaster", which is obtained by thermal conversion of the DIAC is Tatnai form of calcium sulfate (CaSO 4·2H2O), from which have been removed 1-1/2 molecules of water. Conventional gypsum-based products, such as gypsum wall boards, have many advantages, in particular, low cost and easy machinability, however, in the process of cutting or drying of these products can produce a significant amount of plaster dust. The use of starches as ingredients suspensions used for the manufacture of such products, has enabled us to achieve various improvements in the manufacture of gypsum-based products. Starch can increase Flexural strength and compression gypsum-based products, including gypsum wall boards. Known gypsum wall boards contain starch for cardboard in the amount of less than about 10 lbs/MSF. In gypsum slurries containing pre-gelatinising starch, it is necessary to use significant amounts of water to provide adequate fluidity of the suspension. Unfortunately, most of this water must eventually be removed by heating, which is uneconomical because of the high cost of fuel used in the heating process. In addition, the heating operation is time consuming. It was found that the use of naphthalenesulfonate dispersant can improve the fluidity of suspens is it and thereby to solve the problem of water demand. In addition, it was found that naphthalenesulfonate dispersers at a sufficiently high level can form cross-links with the pre-gelatinising starch, linking the crystals of gypsum after drying, which increases the strength of gypsum composite in dry condition. Influence trimetaphosphate salts on the need gypsum slurry in water was not previously known. However, the authors of the present invention have found that increased levels trimetaphosphate salt to previously unknown levels in the presence of a specific dispersant allows to achieve the desired fluidity of the suspension when suddenly a smaller amount of water even in the presence of high levels of starch. This, of course, is very desirable, because, in turn, reduces fuel consumption and reduces the duration of the process associated with the subsequent operations of removal of water. The authors of the present invention have also discovered that it is possible to increase the strength of the gypsum boards in a dry condition through the use of naphthalenesulfonate dispersant in combination with a pre-gelatinising starch in the suspension used for the manufacture of tiles. Summary of the invention The proposed suspension containing plaster, naphthalenol is more dispersant and pre gelatinising starch. Naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is present in an amount of about 0.1 to 3.0 wt.% by weight of dry plaster plaster. Pre gelatinising starch is present in amount of at least from about 0.5 to about 10 wt.% by weight of dry plaster of gypsum in the composition. Other additives to the suspension may include catalysts, binders, paper fiber or fiberglass and other known components. The invention also covers the gypsum-based products made from such suspensions. Also proposed suspension containing plaster, trimetaphosphate salt, naphthalenesulfonate dispersant and pre gelatinising starch. Trimetaphosphate sodium is present in amounts at least to 0.12 wt.% from the mass of gypsum plaster. In a preferred embodiment, trimetaphosphate salt is present in an amount of about 0.12 to 0.4 wt.% by weight of dry plaster plaster. Naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is present in an amount of about 0.1 to 3.0 wt.% by weight of dry plaster plaster. Pre gelatinising starch is present in amount of at least from about 0.5 to about 10 wt.% by weight of dry plaster of gypsum in the composition. Other additives to the suspension may include catalysts, binders, paper fiber or fiberglass and other famous componentset also covers gypsum-based products, made of such suspensions. Preferred gypsum-based product is gypsum facing the stove. This invention relates to a plaster facing plates containing the set gypsum composition formed between two essentially parallel facing sheets, and the set gypsum composition obtained with the use of gypsum-based suspensions of water, gypsum plaster, pre-gelatinizing starch and naphthalenesulfonate dispersant. Gypsum-based suspension can, optionally, contain trimetaphosphate salt, for example trimetaphosphate sodium. Gypsum facing plate fabricated according to the present invention has high strength and a much lower weight than conventional plates. In addition, when cutting, sawing or drilling of facing plates made according to this variant of the present invention, produce less dust. According to the following variant of the present invention, a method for manufacturing gypsum wall boards, according to which the mixed gypsum-based suspension containing water, gypsum plaster, pre-gelatinising starch and naphthalenesulfonate dispersant, in which pre-gelatinising starch is present in an amount of Myung is our least from about 0.5 to about 10 wt.% from the mass of gypsum plaster. The obtained gypsum-based suspension of precipitated on the first cardboard facing sheet, and the precipitated suspension placed second cardboard facing sheet for the formation of gypsum wall boards. Plaster cladding plate is cut after gypsum-based slurry hardens enough for cutting, and the resulting gypsum facing the plate is dried. Gypsum-based suspension can, optionally, contain trimetaphosphate salt, for example trimetaphosphate sodium. Can also be used in suspension other conventional ingredients, including, depending on the needs, catalysts, binders, paper fiber, glass fiber and other known ingredients. To reduce the density of the finished gypsum wall boards is usually added to lather. Detailed description of the invention According to one variant of the present invention proposed finished gypsum-based products made from gypsum-based suspensions containing plaster, pre-gelatinising starch and naphthalenesulfonates disperser. Naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is present in an amount of about 0.1 to 3.0 wt.% by weight of dry plaster plaster. Pre gelatinising starch is present in amount of at least from about 0.5 to about 10 wt.% on the weight of dry plaster of gypsum in the composition. Other ingredients that can be used in suspension, include a binder, paper fiber, fiberglass and catalysts. To reduce the density of the finished gypsum-based product such as gypsum wall boards, in the proposed gypsum-based suspension is usually added to lather. Combination containing arbitrarily from about 0.5 to about 10 wt.% pre gelatinising starch, from about 0.1 to about 3.0 wt.% naphthalenesulfonate dispersant and at least, at least from about 0.12 to about 0.4 wt.% trimetaphosphate salt (all values are relative to the weight of dry plaster of gypsum used in the gypsum slurry), unexpectedly greatly increases the fluidity of the gypsum slurry. This significantly reduces the amount of water required to obtain a gypsum slurry with sufficient fluidity so that it can be used for the manufacture of gypsum-based products, such as gypsum wall boards. The authors suggest that the level trimetaphosphate salt (trimetaphosphate sodium), which is at least twice the level that is present in the standard composition that increases activity naphthalenesulfonate dispersant. Naphthalenesulfonate the dispersant used in the present invention include polynational is akisato and its salts (polyarticular) and derivatives which are the condensation products of naphthalenesulfonic and formaldehyde. The most suitable polynaphthalene include naphthalenesulfonate sodium and calcium. The average molecular weight of naphthalenesulfonates can range from about 3000 to 27000, although it is preferable that the molecular weight was about 8000-10000. In this aqueous solution solids dispersant with higher molecular weight has a higher viscosity and causes a higher demand of water in the composition, than disperser with a lower molecular weight. Useful naphthalenesulfonate include DILOFLO manufactured by the company GEO Specialty Chemicals, Cleveland, Ohio; DAXAD, manufactured by Hampshire Chemical Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, and LOMAR D, manufactured by the company GEO Specialty Chemicals, Lafayette, Indiana. These naphthalenesulfonate preferably used in the form of aqueous solutions, for example, containing 35-55 wt.% the solids. It is most preferable to use naphthalenesulfonate in aqueous solution, for example, with the content of 40-45 wt.% the solids. Alternatively, if necessary, you can use naphthalenesulfonate in solid or powdered form, such as LOMAR D. Polynaphthalene suitable for the present invention have the General structure:
where n>2, and M is sodium, potassium, ka is ICI etc. Naphthalenesulfonate dispersant, preferably in the form of a solution of about 45 wt.% in water, can be used in the range of from about 0.5 to about 3.0 wt.% by weight of dry plaster of gypsum used in the composition of the gypsum composite. The preferred limits of the content of the dispersant is from about 0.5 to about 2.0 wt.% by weight of dry plaster cast, and the most preferred range is from about 0.7 to about 2.0 wt.% by weight of dry plaster plaster. As for the famous plaster facing plates, they contain a dispersant in an amount of about 0.4 wt.% or less by weight of dry plaster plaster. In other words, naphthalenesulfonate dispersant can be used in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 1.5 wt.% by weight of dry plaster of gypsum used in the composition of the gypsum composite. The preferred spacing of the content of the dispersant is from about 0.2 to about 0.7 wt.% by weight of dry plaster cast, and the most preferred range is from about 0.3 to about 0.7 wt.% by weight of dry plaster plaster. Gypsum-based suspension can, optionally, contain trimetaphosphate salt, for example trimetaphosphate sodium. In the present invention can use any suitable water-soluble trimetaphosphate or polyphosphate. Predpochtitel the output is to use trimetaphosphate salt, including double salts, i.e. trimetaphosphate salt having two cation. Especially useful trimetaphosphate salts include trimetaphosphate sodium, trimetaphosphate potassium, trimetaphosphate calcium, nutritionally trimetaphosphate, trimetaphosphate lithium, trimetaphosphate ammonium and the like, or combinations thereof. Preferred trimetaphosphate salt is trimetaphosphate sodium. It is preferable to use trimetaphosphate salt in aqueous solution, for example containing 10-15 wt.% the solids. You can also use other cyclic or acyclic polyphosphates, as described in U.S. patent 6409825 (Yu et al.), referred to for details. Trimetaphosphate sodium is a known additive to gypsum-based compositions, although it is typically used in the range of from about 0.05 to about 0.08 wt.% by weight of dry plaster of gypsum used in the gypsum slurry. In embodiments of the present invention trimetaphosphate sodium (or other water-soluble metaphosphate or polyphosphate) may be present in the range of from about 0.12 to about 0.4 wt.% by weight of dry plaster of gypsum used in the composition of the gypsum composite. The preferred interval content trimetaphosphate sodium (or other water-soluble metaphosphate or polyphosphate) is from about 0.12 to about 0.3 wt.% from the dry weight of stockturn the th gypsum, used in gypsum composite. There are two forms of plaster gypsum - alpha and beta. These two types of plaster gypsum receive various means of calcination. In the present invention can be used as beta and alpha form gypsum plaster. In gypsum-based suspensions prepared according to the present invention, it is necessary to use starches, including, in particular, pre-gelatinising starch. Preferred pre-gelatinising starch is pre-relatively corn starch, for example, manufactured by the company Bunge Milling, St.Louis, Missouri, has the following typical composition: moisture 7.5%, and protein 8.0%, and the fat of 0.5%, crude fiber 0.5%, the ash of 0.3%, the strength of raw material 0.48 psi, and bulk density of 35.0 lbs/cu.ft. Pre slatinany corn starch should be used in an amount of at least from about 0.5 to about 10 wt.% by weight of dry plaster of gypsum used in this gypseous suspension. It was also discovered that you can achieve unexpected increase strength in the dry state (especially in facing the plate) using at least from about 0.5 to about 10 wt.% pre gelatinising starch (preferably pre-gelatinizing the corn starch) in the presence of from about 0.1 to about 3.0 wt.% naphthalenesulfonate dispersant (levels of starch and naphthalenesulfonate are relative to the weight of dry plaster of gypsum, present in the composition). This unexpected result can be obtained regardless of whether the water-soluble metaphosphate or polyphosphate or not. In addition, it was unexpectedly discovered that when using a pre-gelatinizing starch at a level of at least about 10 lbs/MSF or higher in the dry plaster facing plate fabricated according to the present invention, it is possible to achieve even higher strength and lower weight. It was shown that the levels of pre-gelatinizing starch 3.5 to 45 pounds/MSF in the gypsum facing plate are effective. For example, the composition is presented in the following tables 1 and 2, contains 45 pounds/MSF, and the weight plate 1042 lb/MSF has excellent durability. In this example (composition) naphthalenesulfonate dispersant in the form of a 45% solution in water was used in the amount of 1.28 wt.%. Other useful starches include acid-modified starches such as acid-modified corn flour HI-BOND issued by the company Bunge Milling, St.Louis, Missouri. This starch has the following typical composition: moisture 10,0%, fat 1.4 per cent, soluble components of 17.0%, alkaline fluidity 98,0%, the bulk density of 30 lb/cu.ft, and 20% suspension provides a pH of 4.3. Another useful starch is not gelatinous the first pre-wheat starch ECOSOL-45, manufactured by ADM/Ogilvie, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Another unexpected result can be obtained by using the present invention, when the combination naphthalenesulfonate dispersant and trimetaphosphate salt is combined with a pre-gelatinising corn starch and, optionally, with paper fiber or fiberglass. Gypsum wall boards made from compositions containing these three ingredients have a higher strength and lower weight, and they are more economical because less water needs in their manufacture. In gypsum-based compositions according to the present invention it is possible to use catalysts as described in U.S. patent 6409825 (Yu et al.), referred to for information. One suitable heat-resistant catalyst (TJC) can be obtained by dry grinding of natural gypsum (dihydrate calcium sulphate). You can use small amounts of additives (usually about 5 wt.%), such as sugar, dextrose, boric acid and starch, to obtain this TJC. Currently preferred are sugar or dextrose. Another useful catalyst is climatically stable (or stable) catalyst" (CSC), described in U.S. patent 3573947 referred to for details. Next will be described examples which illustrate the invention. These examples n what should be considered as limiting the scope of invention. Example 1 The approximate composition of the gypsum suspension Table 1 presents the compositions of the gypsum slurry. All values in table 1 are indicated in wt.% by weight of dry plaster plaster. Values in parentheses indicate dry weight in pounds (lbs./MSF).
Example 2 Manufacturer of facing plates Samples of plaster facing plates were made according to U.S. patent No. 6342284 (Yu et al.) and 6632550 (Yu et al.), referred to for information. These methods include individual operations create foam and injection foam in the slurry, other ingredients as described in example 5 of these patents. The test results of gypsum facing plates made using compositions a and b of example 1, and the control plate shown in the following table 2. As in this example and in other examples described below, tests for resistance to pulling nails, the core hardness of prochnosti when bending is performed in accordance to ASTM C-473. In addition, it should be noted that a typical gypsum facing plate has a thickness of approximately 1/2 inch and a weight of from about 1600 to about 1800 pounds per 1000 square feet of material, or lb/MSF ("MSF" is a standard abbreviation, adopted in this field to denote thousands of square feet and used for measuring the square boxes, corrugated materials and facing plates).
As shown in table 2, gypsum wall boards made using compositions a and b have substantially less weight than the control plate. If you again refer to table 1, the comparison plate composition And plate composition is the most remarkable. In the composition a and the composition used In the same relation water/plaster (in/s). The composition is also used In a much greater level naphthalenesulfonate dispersant. The composition contains significantly more pre-gelatinizing starch, about 6 wt.%, more than 100% better than its content in the composition and is accompanied by a noticeable increase in strength. Even so, the need for water to ensure the normal fluidity of the slurry with the composition remained low; difference of composition And amounted to about 10%. This low demand for water in both formulations is explained sinergeticheskim effect combinations naphthalenesulfonate dispersant and trimetaphosphate sodium in the gypsum slurry, which increases the fluidity of the gypsum slurry, even in the presence of a significantly higher level of pre-gelatinizing starch. As shown in table 2, facing the stove, manufactured using the slurry composition has a significantly higher strength than the facing plate manufactured using the slurry composition A. With the introduction of increased amounts of pre-gelatinizing starch in combination with increased quantities naphthalenesulfonate dispersant and trimetaphosphate sodium plate resistance of the composition In the pulling of nails has improved by 45% compared with plate of composition A. Also observed a significant improvement in the Flexural plate composition In comparison with the stove stood the and A. Example 3 Test weight gypsum facing plate thickness of 1/2 inch Table 3 presents examples of plaster facing plates (C, D and E), including the compounds of suspensions and test results. The compositions of the slurries in table 3 include the main components of these suspensions. Values in parentheses are expressed in wt.% by weight of dry plaster plaster.
As shown in table 3, plate C, D and E were made from a suspension having a significantly higher content of pre-gelatinizing starch dispersant DILOFLO and trimetaphosphate sodium than the control plate (almost double the percentage increase in starch content and naphthalenesulfonate dispersant, and a more than twofold increase in the content of trimetaphosphate), that were kept constant with respect to/C. However, the strength, measured as the resistance to the pulling of nails, has not been severely affected, and weight plates decreased significantly. Therefore, in this exemplary embodiment, the invention is a new composition (such as stove D) with high starch content allows you to get useful fluid suspension while maintaining the required strength. Example 4 The test cube wet plaster strength Test cube wet plaster strength was conducted using plaster plaster Southard CKS, manufactured by United States Gypsum Corp., Chicago, Illinois, and tap water in the laboratory to determine their compressive strength in the wet state. We used the following laboratory test procedure. For casting each cube wet plaster used is ovali plaster (1000 g), CSA (2 g) and water (1200 CC) at a temperature of about 70°F. Pre-relatively corn starch (20 g, 2% by weight of gypsum plaster) and CSA (2 g, 0.2 percent by weight of plaster gypsum) previously thoroughly mixed in dry form in a plastic bag together with gypsum plaster before mixing with a solution of tap water containing as naphthalenesulfonate disperser, and trimetaphosphate sodium. Used dispersant DILOFLO (1,0-2,0%, as shown in table 4). We also used different amount of trimetaphosphate sodium listed in table 4. The dry ingredients and the aqueous solution is first combined in a laboratory mixer Warning, gave a mixture soak for 10 seconds, then it was stirred at low speed for 10 s to form a suspension. The resulting suspension was poured in three cubic shape with a size of 2"x2"x2". Then cast the cubes were removed from the forms, weighed and sealed inside plastic bags to prevent moisture loss prior to performing tests on compressive strength. The strength of the cubes in compression was measured using ATS machine and recorded as the average value in pounds per square inch (psi). The following results were obtained.
As shown in table 4, in examples 4-5, 10-11 and 17, with the level of trimetaphosphate sodium in the range of about 0.12 to 0.4% in accordance with the present invention, achieved a higher wet strength of the cube in compression than in the samples containing trimetaphosphate sodium outside this interval. Example 5 Tests made at the factory light plaster facing plates of a thickness of 1/2 inch In the following table 5 presents the composition of the suspension of the experimental plates 1 and 2 and the results of their testing. The compositions of the slurries in table 5 include the main components of these suspensions. Values in parentheses are in wt.% by weight of dry plaster plaster.
As shown in table 5, the experimental plates 1 and 2 were made from a suspension, with significantly higher amounts of starch, dispersant DILOFLO and trimetaphosphate sodium, with less regard in/s, compared with the control plates. Nevertheless, strength, measured as the resistance to pulling out nails and Flexural strength, preserved or improved, and the weight of the plates has decreased significantly. Therefore, in this exemplary embodiment of the invention, a new composition (for example, as experienced in the plates 1 and 2) with a high content of trimetaphosphate and the starch allowed to obtain useful fluid suspension, while maintaining adequate strength. Example 6 Tests made at the factory ultralight gypsum facing plate thickness of 1/2 inch The following tests were conducted on the experimental plates 3 and 4 using the composition (example 1), as in the example except that pre-relatively corn starch was cooked with water in a concentration of 10% (wet cooking starch) and used a mixture of soap HYONIC PFM (GEO Specialty Chemicals, Lafayette, Indiana). For example, plate 3 was manufactured using a mixture of soap HYONIC PFM 10/HYONIC PFM 33 in the range from 65-70 to 35-30 wt.%. Experienced plate 4 was manufactured using a mixture of soap HYONIC PFM 10/HYONIC PFM 33 in a ratio of 70/30 wt./wt. The test results presented in table 6.
As shown in table 6, the strength characteristics, measured as the resistance to pulling nails and the hardness of the core was higher than the ASTM standard. The measured Flexural strength was also higher than the ASTM standard. In this exemplary embodiment of the invention, a new composition (for example, the composition of the test plates 3 and 4) with a high content of trimetaphosphate and starch was also possible to obtain useful, fluid suspension, while maintaining adequate strength. The use of indefinite and definite articles and similar words in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be understood as covering both the singular and plural form, unless otherwise indicated or unless contrary to the context. Specify intervals of values serves only as a shorthand method different from the Azania each separate value falling within this interval, unless otherwise specified, and each separate value is incorporated into this description as if it is separately mentioned in it. All of the methods described can be performed in any suitable sequence, unless otherwise stated or unless contrary to the context. The use of any and all examples, or phrases to Express the illustrative purpose (e.g., "such as"), is intended only for better illustration of the invention and is not limiting of the scope of the invention unless stated otherwise. Nothing in the description should not be understood as indicating that the item is not included in the claims, is essential for carrying out the invention. Were described preferred variants of the invention, including well-known authors of the best method of carrying out the invention. However, it should be understood that the illustrated variants are examples only, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of invention. 1. Gypsum-based slurry comprising: water, plaster, pre-gelatinising starch and naphthalenesulfonate dispersant, in which pre-gelatinising starch is present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10% by weight of gypsum plaster, and in which naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is present in amount of at least about 0,58% of the weight of plaster of plaster. 2. Gypsum-based suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is present in an amount of from about 0.58 to about 2.0% by weight of gypsum plaster. 3. Gypsum-based suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is present in an amount of from about 0.58 to about 0.7% by weight of gypsum plaster. 4. Gypsum-based suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises trimetaphosphate sodium, present in the amount of at least about 0.12% by weight of gypsum plaster. 5. Gypsum-based slurry comprising water, stucco plaster, pre-gelatinising starch and naphthalenesulfonate dispersant, in which pre-gelatinising starch is present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10% by weight of gypsum plaster, and in which naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is in the form of an aqueous solution containing from about 40 to about 45% of naphthalenesulfonate, and this aqueous solution is present in a quantity sufficient to deliver at least about 0,58% naphthalenesulfonate dispersant by weight of plaster of plaster. 6. Gypsum-based suspension according to claim 5, characterized in that naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is in the form of an aqueous solution containing from about 40 to about 45% of naphthalenesulfonate, and given the initial aqueous solution is present in a quantity sufficient to deliver from about 0.5 to about 2.0% naphthalenesulfonate dispersant by weight of plaster of plaster. 7. Gypsum-based suspension according to claim 5, characterized in that naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is in the form of an aqueous solution containing from about 40 to about 45% of naphthalenesulfonate, and this aqueous solution is present in a quantity sufficient to deliver from about 0.58 to about 0.7% naphthalenesulfonate dispersant by weight of plaster of plaster. 8. Gypsum-based suspension according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises trimetaphosphate sodium, present in the amount of at least about 0.12% by weight of gypsum plaster. 9. Lightweight, durable, malaysa plaster facing plate containing 10. Easy the plaster lining plate according to claim 9, characterized in that naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is present in an amount of from about 0.58 to about 3.0 percent by weight gypsum plaster. 11. Lightweight gypsum facing plate according to claim 9, characterized in that naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is present in an amount of from about 0.58 to about 2.0 wt.% by weight of plaster of plaster. 12. Lightweight gypsum facing plate according to claim 9, characterized in that naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is present in an amount of from about 0.58 to about 0.7% by weight of gypsum plaster. 13. Lightweight gypsum facing plate according to claim 9, characterized in that naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is in the form of an aqueous solution containing from about 40 to about 45% of naphthalenesulfonate, and this aqueous solution is present in a quantity sufficient to deliver at least about 0,58% naphthalenesulfonate dispersant by weight of plaster of plaster. 14. Lightweight gypsum facing plate according to claim 9, characterized in that naphthalenesulfonate dispersant is in the form of an aqueous solution containing from about 40 to about 45% of naphthalenesulfonate, and this aqueous solution is present in a quantity sufficient to deliver from about 0.58 to about 2.0% naphthalenesulfonate dispersant by weight of plaster of plaster. 15. Lightweight gypsum facing plate according to claim 9, characterized in that Naftali is sulfate dispersant is in the form of aqueous solution, containing from about 40 to about 45% of naphthalenesulfonate, and this aqueous solution is present in a quantity sufficient to deliver from about 0.58 to about 0.7% naphthalenesulfonate dispersant by weight of plaster of plaster. 16. Lightweight gypsum facing plate according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises trimetaphosphate sodium present in an amount of from about 0.12 to about 0.4% by weight of gypsum plaster. 17. Lightweight gypsum facing plate according to claim 9, characterized in that it has a weight in the dry state from about 1000 lb/MSF to about 1400 pounds/MSF. 18. Lightweight gypsum facing plate item 16, characterized in that it has a weight in the dry state from about 1000 lb/MSF to about 1400 pounds/MSF. 19. Lightweight gypsum facing plate item 16, characterized in that it has a weight in the dry state from about 500 lb/MSF to about 1000 lbs/MSF. 20. A method of manufacturing a durable, melodyssey gypsum wall boards, including the stage at which: 21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the first facing sheet and the second facing sheet is made of cardboard. 22. The method according to claim 20, wherein the suspension further comprises trimetaphosphate sodium present in an amount of from about 0.12 to about 0.4% by weight of gypsum plaster. 09.06.2005 according to claims 1 to 22; 07.06.2006 according to claims 1-22.
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