Ceramic mixture for manufacturing wall materials |
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IPC classes for russian patent Ceramic mixture for manufacturing wall materials (RU 2250205):
Integrated high-temperature heat-retention material "itom" and a method for manufacture thereof / 2246465
Invention concerns manufacture of articles for heat-retention of furnace units and power equipment operated at surface temperatures up to 1100°C. Invention provides charge mixture containing, wt %: swollen vermiculite 20-60, refractory clay or kaolin 37-55, electrofilter dust 1-20, chamotte fraction below 0.063 mm 1-30, and structure-forming polyelectrolyte 3-5 (above 100%). Charge is moistened to form mass, which is aged in closed space for at least 24 h, molded into crude article, dried to residual moisture at most 5%, and fired at 1000-1100°C. Aforesaid polyelectrolyte is characterized by having carboxyl, amide, nitrile, and ester groups in polymer molecule.
Integrated high-temperature heat-retention material "itom" and a method for manufacture thereof / 2246465
Invention concerns manufacture of articles for heat-retention of furnace units and power equipment operated at surface temperatures up to 1100°C. Invention provides charge mixture containing, wt %: swollen vermiculite 20-60, refractory clay or kaolin 37-55, electrofilter dust 1-20, chamotte fraction below 0.063 mm 1-30, and structure-forming polyelectrolyte 3-5 (above 100%). Charge is moistened to form mass, which is aged in closed space for at least 24 h, molded into crude article, dried to residual moisture at most 5%, and fired at 1000-1100°C. Aforesaid polyelectrolyte is characterized by having carboxyl, amide, nitrile, and ester groups in polymer molecule.
Ceramic mixture for manufacturing wall materials / 2250205
Ceramic mixture comprises 70-=90% clay and 10-30% cobalt concentration tails characterized by bulk density 900 kg/m3, density 2700 kg/m3, fire resistance 1200°C, mineralogic composition including orthoclase, quartz, carbonates, clay minerals, and ferrous compounds, and following chemical analysis, wt %: SiO2 32.72, Al2O3 9.33, Fe2O3 10.00, CaO 15.47, MgO 12.01, R2O 2.30, and calcination loss 17.80.
Ceramic mass for production of acid-resistant substances / 2250884
Ceramic mass has the following composition, mass-%: clay portion of tailings of gravitation of zirconium-ilmenite ores, 40-60; pyrophyllite, 35-45 and dump overburden rock of gold field, 5-15. Ceramic mass thus prepared makes it possible to obtain acid-resistant agents possessing high frost resistance and low water absorption.
Raw mixture for making facing ceramic tile / 2258684
Invention relates to manufacturing building ceramics and can be used in making facing tiles. The raw mixture for making facing ceramic tile comprises carbon enrichment rock treated at 570-600°C, clay and slurry fraction in enrichment waste of iron ores as a fusing agent that comprises the following components, wt.-%: SiO2, 42.45; Al2O3, 14.54; CaO, 14.88; MgO, 4.52; FeO, 8.06; Fe2O3, 9.46; SO3, 0.98; R2O, 3.25; MnO, 0.49; TiO2, 0.73, and P2O5, 0,64 in the following ratio of components, wt.-%: carbon enrichment rock treated at 570-600°C, 70-90; clay, 5-20, and slurry fraction in iron ores enrichment, 5-10. Invention provides reducing shrinkage deformations, water absorption of tile and energy consumption in its manufacturing.
 Ceramic mass / 2259972
Invention relates to the composition of ceramic mass. Ceramic mass comprises light-melting clay raw, ground blast furnace ferromanganese granulated slag as a waste after cast iron smelting with the maximal size of particles 1.25 mm of the following composition, wt.-%: SiO2, 33-39; CaO, 39-42; MgO, 7-10; Al2O3, 7-10; MnO, 4-8; FeO, 0.2-0.3; S, 2.4-2.7, and the ground depleted iron-containing catalyst as a waste in manufacturing ammonia, being these components are taken in the following ratio, wt.-%: light-melting clay raw, 80-90; indicated blast furnace ferromanganese slag, 9.85-19.9, and indicated depleted iron-containing catalyst, 0.1-0.15. Invention can be used in manufacturing wall ceramics (slotted stones, among them building bricks). The proposed invention provides enhancing the compression strength, crack-resistance values in drying and improving the architecture image due to elimination of granules (tubercles) of granulated slag projecting on their surface and elimination of gray-green-like tint on color surface of articles.
 Method of preparing propping agent to perform hydraulic fracturing of formation / 2261847
In a method of preparing propping agent including grinding, hydration, molding, drying, and calcinations of raw material, the latter is natural bentonite clay containing more than 90% montmorillonite, molding of spherical granules of propping agent 200 to 400 μm and 420 to 850 μm in size involves spray drying technique and molding of granules more than 850 μm in size is accomplished using beading process, and calcinations is carried out at 600-650°C. Method is applicable for use in intensification of oil and gas inflow from producing beds.
Method of improvement of clay raw molding and drying properties / 2264364
The invention is pertaining to production of ceramic materials on the basis of clay raw and may be used, for example, for manufacture of an ordinary and facial building bricks, tiles, lining ceramic tiles, etc. The technical result is improvement of the molding properties of a ceramic mass and so increasing of the raw bricks crack resistance at drying, provision of a capability of a faultless self-acting charging and transportations of the dried semi-product. The method of improvement of molding and drying properties of the clay raw provides for addition of a technological mineral additive representing a rock consisting predominantly from minerals with the developed skeleton- cavernous porosity, drying at the temperature of 200-250°C within 2-4 hours for opening of a porous space, a comminution up to the dimensions less than 1 mm, a uniform distribution along the mass volume with the subsequent souring of the ceramic mass at the temperature of 30-40°C for no less than 24 hours.
Method of manufacture of wall ceramic articles / 2266267
Proposed method includes grinding of clay component, introduction of foam glass grits at size of grains of 0.1-5.0 mm preliminarily treated with water-repellent agent till obtaining of smooth surface, moistening and plasticizing, molding blanks by semi-dry method, drying and burning. Molding mass contains components at the following ratio, mass-%: water-repellent foam glass grits, 5-70; the remainder being clay component. Amount of water-repellent agent ranges from 0.1 to 10% of mass of grits. Molding of blanks by semi-dry molding method is performed at specific pressure of 4 Mpa. Waterproofed grits may be of egg-shaped or spherical form.
Method of manufacture of wall ceramic articles / 2266267
Proposed method includes grinding of clay component, introduction of foam glass grits at size of grains of 0.1-5.0 mm preliminarily treated with water-repellent agent till obtaining of smooth surface, moistening and plasticizing, molding blanks by semi-dry method, drying and burning. Molding mass contains components at the following ratio, mass-%: water-repellent foam glass grits, 5-70; the remainder being clay component. Amount of water-repellent agent ranges from 0.1 to 10% of mass of grits. Molding of blanks by semi-dry molding method is performed at specific pressure of 4 Mpa. Waterproofed grits may be of egg-shaped or spherical form.
Method of manufacture of building light-yellow ceramics and its composition / 2266878
Proposed method includes preparation of mineral additive, mixing this additive with clay, plastic molding of articles and burning. Additive is prepared according to slip process by grinding the clarifying component of additive with clay in the amount of 8-10% of mass of clarifying component; grinding is performed in ball mill to residue on sieve 0088 not exceeding 2-3%; then, hardening finely-dispersed component of additive is introduced into suspension. Slip thus obtained has density of 1.70-1.72 g/cm3. Slip is mixed with clay; part of clay is preliminarily dried to moisture content of 6-8%. Ceramic mass thus obtained is subjected to homogenization and aging for at least 24 h; burning is performed at temperature of 1020-1030°C. Marl at size of particles lesser than 2 mm and content of limestone no less than 75 mass-% is used as clarifying component and wollastonite concentrate at size of particles lesser than 0.063 mm and content of wollastonite no less than 80 mass-% is used as hardening finely-dispersed component.
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FIELD: manufacture of building materials. SUBSTANCE: ceramic mixture comprises 70-=90% clay and 10-30% cobalt concentration tails characterized by bulk density 900 kg/m3, density 2700 kg/m3, fire resistance 1200°C, mineralogic composition including orthoclase, quartz, carbonates, clay minerals, and ferrous compounds, and following chemical analysis, wt %: SiO2 32.72, Al2O3 9.33, Fe2O3 10.00, CaO 15.47, MgO 12.01, R2O 2.30, and calcination loss 17.80. EFFECT: increased strength and water absorption of wall ceramic materials. 3 tbl
The invention relates to the construction materials industry and can be used for the production of building ceramics products. Known ceramic material for the production of wall materials, including clay (wt.%) - 93,5-97,5 and quartz sand, heat-treated at 500-900°C - 2,5 6,5% (A.S. No. 814962). The disadvantage of this mass is that products on its basis have high water absorption (21-22%) and have little strength - 19-25 MPa. In addition, thermal treatment of silica sand requires additional energy costs and results in increased production costs. Other ceramic mass (A.S. No. 881066)containing 72-90% clay and 10-28% dropout for ortoire fractions of 0.15-2.0 mm is not possible to obtain ceramic materials with high strength (RSG=24-26 MPa). Waste of artfire need to sift through to obtain the necessary faction, which causes additional technological difficulties. The closest analogue to the present invention is a material for the manufacture of ceramic wall materials, including clay (wt.%) 60-75, fleet-tailings fluorite ore - 25-40 (A.S. No. 637380). The disadvantage of this mass is that products on its basis after firing at a comparative high temperatures (T=1100° (C) have high water absorption of 13-14%. The task which sent the invention, is to increase the strength and decrease the water absorption of ceramic wall materials. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the ceramic material for the production of wall materials, including clay and tailings, characterized in that as tailing it contains the tails of the extraction of cobalt concentrate in the following ratio of components, weight, wt.%: clay - 70-90, tails extraction of cobalt concentrate - 10-30. By-products of the extraction of cobalt concentrate is a finely ground powder of gray. Volume weight - 900 kg/m3the density is 2700 kg/m3. The resistance - 1200°C. In the mineralogical composition consists of orthoclase, quartz, carbonates, clay minerals and ferrous compounds. The chemical composition of the tailings extraction of cobalt concentrate is given in table 1.
The use of clay in the manufacture of ceramics known (Aug who tinic A.I. Ceramics. - L., stroiizdat, 1975, 592). It is the main component of plasticity and sintering the ceramic material. From the known list of information by the applicant is not found technical solutions tailings extraction of cobalt concentrates or with a similar fillings similar chemical composition. Chemical interaction “tails” when the specified combination of oxides by decomposition of clay minerals leads to an earlier reaction in the solid phase to form compounds of the spinel type and the formation of a large amount of liquid phase due to the interaction of oxides of alkali and alkaline earth elements, iron oxides, silica and alumina. Since the liquid phase acts as a cementing substance, the formation of its more than known compositions at low firing temperature, causes the receiving artificial stone more dense structure that reduces water absorption and increases the strength of the products. Thus, the totality of the proposed signs according to the applicant meets the criterion of “significant differences”, acquires new properties, which consists in obtaining artificial stone denser patterns, which determine the strength and low water absorption mater is Ala. Specific example The ceramic material was prepared according to known methods (Knigin GI, Vershinin Z.N., Tacky LN. Laboratory work on the technology of building ceramics and artificial porous substitutes. - M.: Higher school, 1977. - 208 S.). Dried raw materials were subjected to grinding up grains 0,63 mm Mixture in the desired proportions thoroughly mixed dry. With the addition of water was prepared mass with the desired molding humidity. Samples cylinders dimensions h=d=25 mm was othermovies plastic way. Dried at 105-110°the samples were fired at a temperature of 1100°With isothermal aging for 2 hours. Determination of water absorption and tensile strength in compression of the samples was carried out according to GOST 13449-82 and 473.6-81. Charge composition masses are given in table 2.
Resultativity given in table 3.
The test results showed the effectiveness of the introduction of tailings extraction of cobalt concentrate in the amount of 10-30% in comparison with the prototype and heat-treated quartz sand. With the addition of 5% of the proposed waste significant growth in strength is observed. With the increasing content entered additives more than 30% reduced strength and increased water absorption of the samples. Therefore, the maximum number of tails extraction of cobalt concentrate limited to 30%. Compared with the prototype and similar strength of the samples of the proposed mass more than 40-50% and reduced water absorption. In the sintering specified crystallize the ceramic mass lesions, such as anorthite, mullite, magnesium and ferrous spinel. The application before agemay of the ceramic material allows you to: 1. To obtain products with high strength and low water absorption. 2. To reduce the energy consumption for preparation of raw materials through the use of ready-made of finely powdered supplements. 3. Dispose of waste cobalt ores. 4. Thanks recycling prevents pollution. Ceramic material for the production of wall materials, including clay and tailings, characterized in that as tailing it contains the tails of the extraction of cobalt concentrate, characterized by a bulk density of 900 kg/m3density of 2700 kg/m3, refractory 12000With, mineralogical composition, including orthoclase, quartz, carbonates, clay minerals and ferrous compounds, chemical composition comprising, in wt.%: SiO232,72, Al2O3was 9.33, Fe2O310,00, CaO 15,47, MgO 12,01, R2O 2,30, PPP 17,80, in the following ratio of components, weight, wt.%: clay 70-90 tails extraction of cobalt concentrate 10-30.
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