The orthodontic bracket

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to orthodontics, and is intended for treatment of anterior occlusion, caused by shortening of the upper dentition, the lengthening of the lower dentition, the usual shift the lower jaw forward

The invention relates to medicine and can be used for the treatment of distal occlusion, caused by shortening of the lower dentition, the elongation of the upper teeth; the number, the distal position of the lower jaw

Implementation of a system involves a computer for virtual designing of an orthodontic appliance with an integrated appliance design programme for preparing a virtual spatial representation of the orthodontic appliance, including bracket bodies and bracket substrates, and an injection-moulding machine for moulding each bracket body and bracket substrates. The system also accommodates a data processing computer comprising a computer program for computed manufacturing which gives control command to an electric-spark manufacturing system, including a virtual spatial representation of a groove in the bracket body, and also involves the electric-spark manufacturing system. The electric-spark manufacturing system can accommodate a controller integrating a control program generating control signals bearing the control commands for the electric-spark manufacturing system, and can accommodate the electric-spark manufacturing system.

Group of inventions relates to field of dentistry, in particular to orthodontics, and is intended for manufacturing individual orthodontic apparatus, which contains medicinal orthodontic arch and multitude of elements, each of which contains bracket with slot, into which said arch can be installed. Each bracket is made with possibility of installation on intermediate component, connected with base, installed on tooth side. Method includes individual computer design of said brackets, intermediate components and bases after formation of image in corrected position of dental arch and teeth sides, on which it is necessary to fix said bases. Designed arch is positioned on the image relative to said sides of teeth, geometry of designed arch being similar to geometry of medicinal orthodontic arch; computer modelling of said elements is carried out to give them rounding, corresponding to geometry clearance, which will separate tooth and arch after finish of orthodontic treatment, when tooth takes its corrected position and medicinal arch recover its initial shape. Group of inventions also includes apparatus, manufactured by claimed method.

Method for making an orthodontic element with a ceramic basic unit, which has a basic surface for the dental fixation of the element, consists in putting a laser beam along the basic surface, thereby heating the basic surface locally within the laser beam exposure until the basic surface is cracked and microchipped.

Method for modelling a dental bracket comprises the following stages: making a dental model and drawing crossing base lines, making basic units comprising the crossing base lines and designated by a series number, placing and fixing the dental bracket in the basic unit, attaching each of the basic units together with the respective dental bracket to the dental model on the basis of the crossing base lines, adjusting the position of the dental brackets, connecting each of the basic units by means of a light cured composite together, forming sequences of the connected basic units, disconnecting each of the sequences of the connected basic units together with the respective dental bracket, connected to the basic unit, and the dental model, attaching each of the sequences directly to each respective section of the patient's teeth to be aligned, mounting a flexible element coupled to each of the basic units on each of the dental brackets after applying an adhesive layer, once the adhesive layer has hardened, and removing each of the basic units from the respective dental bracket. A construct for modelling the dental bracket comprises the dental model, the sequence of the basic units, the dental brackets and the flexible elements. The dental model comprises the crossing base lines and is made according to the patient's dental profile. The sequence of the basic units comprises a section of a horizontal hook and a vertical section having a bending guide groove. The central point comprises a vertical aligning slot to form a cross-shaped base line, which matches with the respective crossing base line of the dental model for matching the position of the dental brackets. The dental brackets are bound and fixed by means of the flexible elements. The dental brackets are inserted into the vertical sections of the basic units.

Device has removable maxillary plastic plate and mandibular one. The plates are separate and joined with flexible tie rod. To provide uniform load distribution, the maxillary plate is manufactured as supporting member. The supporting member has arch in frontal part that is congruently adjacent to vestibular surface of the frontal teeth. The arch is manufactured from wire and rigidly connected to basis. Premolars and molars have cramp iron members on frontal contact surface. The mandibular plate is manufactured as mandibular alveolar part base and internal surface of lower teeth. The plate is fastened to dental row with cramp iron members and has flexible tie rod hooks.

Device has mandibular base plate having members for separating jaws. The members for separating jaws are fabricated from 1.2 mm thick wire shaped as two parallel arcs. Each end of the first arc is fixed in the base plate between the canine tooth position and the first premolar position. Each end of the second arc is fixed between the first premolar position and the first molar position. Arc tops are joined with the base plate. The base plate has hard palate topography and is manufactured from flexible plastic. Supporting-and-holding cramp iron members are mounted on distal part of the base plate.

Apparatus can be used for orthopedic treatment of distinctions of (temporo)mandibular joints with habitual dislocations and semiluxations of lower jaw. Apparatus has lower jaw's movement restrictor provided with axis for free rotation; distal and proximal ends of apparatus are fixed to upper and lower jaws. Ends are tightly fixed at support orthodontic rings at 6^th upper and lower teeth. Rings are provided with locks. Parts of locks are fixed together by brace. The restrictor has row longitudinal holes at side of lower jaw to adjust width of opening of mouth. Axis is disposed in center of gum of restrictor.

Device has base, fixing members and bearing members. Fixing and bearing members are fixed on the base. The base has two removable plates top one and bottom one. Artificial chewing teeth are mounted on plates for substituting the failing teeth. The top base plate is provided with occlusion inlays in the 6/6 region, round clammers on the sixth teeth with hooks for flexible tie members, protractors and to two lip pelots which are soldered into the base near the chewing teeth. The protractors are manufactured to enable transformation after anterior cutters promotion in arm-like Calvelis springs for removing diastema. The bottom base plate has two clammers on the sixth teeth and vestibular arch having M-shaped hooks to make engagement with flexible tie-members near temporary canine teeth.

Device has mandibular base plate having occlusion lining on lateral teeth. Supporting holding klammers are fixed in distal ends of the base plate. The occlusion lining members are fitted on the lower canine teeth. Recesses are produced on chewing surface of the occlusion lining members shaped as deep maxillary teeth imprints in constructive occlusion.

Kappa applied for detection of parodentium and jaw bone tissute state is made of non-radiopaque flexible plastics and contain measuring element inside. Kappa is monolithic two-leaf isolated between dentures within first antagonistic molars, filled with plastics along isolation lengthwise. Measuring element is designed as graduated orthodontic wire and installed within kappa body in first antagonistic molars area. Within anterior teeth group inside of kappa body there is a cavity for attachment or strip rigidly mounted to orthopantomograph. Invention enables to provide accurate detection of bone tissues within first and subsequent X-ray examination (orthopantomogram, panoramic radiograph) with equally fixed position of jaws, increased efficiency of oral therapy.

Invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry and is intended for correction of detected by early diagnostics temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunctions. Anthropometry of face is carried out in order to determine displacement of lower jaw and measure the height of lower third part of face. Displacement of lower jaw is determined in sagittal, transversal and distal directions. In order to determine distal displacement of lower jaw Eshler-Bittner test is applied. To determine lateral displacements occlusography is carried out in habitual occlusion, results are obtained by computer program T-Scan. Orthopantomography is performed and value of joint spaces is determined. If secondary displacements of lower law in sagittal and/or transversal and/or distal directions are determined, joint spaces of various value on orthopantomogram and change of height of lower third part of face are present, dysfunction of TMJ is diagnosed. Lower jaw is installed in neutral state in central occlusion, mouthguard with bite sites for fixation of lower jaw in said position is made. Occlusography is repeated in central occlusion together with mouthguard, difference of initial and blocking contacts is determined and in case if contact is advanced, selective lapping is carried out. Conclusion about elimination of dysfunction is made on the basis of patient's subjective sensations, anthropometric data and holding of lower jaw in position without displacement in sagittal and transversal planes. Final correction of mouthguard is performed in central occlusion under control of OPTG with central position of TMJ head in glenoid fossa, after which mouthguard from silicon is replaced with plastic. Myotherapy is administered and orthodontic treatment and/or dental prosthetics is performed after adaptation in accordance with indications.

Invention relates to medical equipment and can be used in dentistry, in particular in orthodontics. Bracket contains case, in whose slots ligature wire is placed. In bracket case placed are light-emitting elements, operating in range of ultraviolet, blue, green, red or infrared irradiation. Irradiation parameters are controlled by microcontroller, which is made in form of microchip.

Invention relates to field of medicine, namely to orthodontic dentistry, and is intended for retaining stable result after performed orthodontic treatment. Non-detachable retainers are fixed on upper and lower dentitions after passive fitting. Non-detachable bite sites from composite material, imitating expressed incisive papillae are made on palate surface of incisors 1.1 and 2.1. Retainer on lower dentition is fixed on the segment from 4.4 to 3.4 teeth. Length of retainer on upper dentition depends on initial anomaly of teeth position and method of treatment. In case of initial vestibular position of canines and treatment of deep overbite without extraction of teeth 1.4 and 2.4 retainer is fixed from 1.3 to 2.3 teeth. In case of extraction of teeth 1.4 and 2.4 retainer is continued to 1.5 and 2.5 teeth. In case of absence of vestibular position of canines and treatment of deep overbite without extraction of 1.4 and 2.4 teeth retainer is installed from 1.2 to 2.2 teeth.

Removable individual replaceable myogymnastic element (RIRME) representing an individually curved orthodontic wire having a many-sided bead is fixed for 2 hours a day and for a period of logopaedic treatment into closed canals of the palatal plate of the removable appliance. A patient moves his/her tongue: touches the bead and displaces it in different directions along the wire trajectory. As the range of motions increases, the RIRME is changed by a new one with the complex trajectory and a smaller bead. The lessons are continued until the tongue functions are recovered completely.