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Device of adiabatic-compression (versions) Invention relates to devices for implementing the method of adiabatic gas compression, and is intended for carrying out research of conditions and kinetics of chemical reactions in the gas phase over a wide range of parameters. According to one embodiment the device comprises a cylindrical reactor module 1 with a sealed lid 2 and a piston 4 made with the ability of reciprocating motion, and the channels of supply of reaction mixtures 6 and 6' and removal of reaction products 7 and 7', the energy supply unit made in the form of a power cylinder 9 with a mechanical lock 13 of the rod 8 connected with the piston 11 of the reactor module 1, and the reactor module 1 is provided with a heater 17 with thermal insulation 18 and additional channels for supply 12 and removal 12' of the neutral gas in the cavity above the piston 11 of the reactor module 1. |
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Reservoir for accumulation and hydrogen and/or heat withdrawal Invention relates to the field of storing and withdrawal of hydrogen with the application of porous components, interacting with hydrogen with the reversible formation of metal hydrides. A reservoir for the accumulation and withdrawal of hydrogen by a reversible reaction of hydration/dehydration consists in a heat-insulated chamber, which contains a multitude of hydrogen-accumulating elements in the form of hydrides, with each element having a surface for exchange with gaseous hydrogen, from one side, and a surface of heat-exchange from the other side, and a multitude of heat-accumulating elements for the accumulation and return of heat, connected with the reversible hydration/dehydration reaction. |
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Cytological and histological fixing composition and staining method Group of inventions relates to a composition for the fixation of tissues and/or cells, and/or cell structures on the microscope slides in order to stain them and analyse under the microscope or by a system for an image analysis, to the application of the said composition and versions of the method of its obtaining, as well as to versions of the method of staining structures with its application. The composition contains at least the following compounds (percent content is given for the complete composition weight): from 40 to 60% of ethanol and/or isopropanol, dimethylsulphoxide, from 0.1 to 1% of ethyleneglycol, from 2 to 12% of water and from 0.1 to 0.5% of sodium chloride. The method of the composition obtaining includes at least mixing ethanol and/or isopropanol with ethyleneglycol to obtain a solution 1, dissolution of sodium chloride in water to obtain solution 2, addition of solution 2 into solution 1 with mixing with obtaining solution 3, after that, addition of dimethylsulphoxide and filtration. The method can also include a stage of preparing solution 4, containing at least, dimethylsulphoxide, blue dye and red dye, which is then mixed with solution 3. The method of staining cells or cell structures, in particular for blood and bone marrow, includes at least contact with a preparation to be stained with the said fixing composition, and the contact time can constitute 5-8 minutes. After that, contact of the fixed preparation with a buffer solution, pH of which constitutes from 6.5 to 7.0, is realised. It is also possible to use in a staining buffer solution with pH from 6.8 to 7.2, with the time of the fixed preparation contact with such a solution constituting 2-3 minutes. After that, contact of the preparation with a washing solution is realised, and the time of contact with the washing solution can constitute 5-20 seconds. |
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Method of tempering products of paraffin dehydration reaction in counterflow reactor Invention relates to processes of paraffin dehydration. A method for the regulation of temperatures in a dehydration reactor includes the supply of a catalyst into the dehydration reactor in such a way that the catalyst flows downwards via the reactor, supply of the flow, enriched with paraffins, into the dehydration reactor in such a way that the flow passes upwards via the reactor with the formation of a technological flow, which contains the catalyst and dehydrated hydrocarbons, as well as a certain amount of non-converted paraffins, separation of a vapour phase from the technological flow with the formation of a flow of products, supplying the flow of products into a cooling unit with the formation of a cooled flow of products and the supply of a part of the cooled flow of products into the technological flow. |
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Organic compound vapour recovery unit Organic compound vapour recovery unit containing an emergency release tank with intake pipeline connected to a tank for collection of condensed and cooled organic compounds coupled by the respective pipeline, a pump for the tank emptying and nitrogen blanket filters is equipped additionally with an outlet pipe in the lower part of the emergency release tank and its outlet is closed by an explosive valve connected by the intake pipeline to the emergency release collector having safety valves; above the outlet pipe at brackets there several rows of perforated horizontal partitions, above the upper perforated partition and below the outlet pipe union installed in the emergency release tank a permanent level of water is maintained, and in the upper part of the emergency release tank there is an entrainment separator. |
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Composition for obtaining heat protective coating Invention relates to production of heat protective coatings, intended for constructions and equipment, exploited under temperature conditions from minus 50°C to plus 300°C, and can be used in construction, machine-building, chemical industry, transport, aviation, oil and gas industry, housing and communal services and other branches of industry. Composition includes hollow ceramic microspheres, binding agent and solvent. as binding agent used are organo-soluble resins - alkyd and/or organosilicon resins, as solvent - xylene and/or toluene. In other version of composition realisation water-soluble acrylic acid is used as binding agent and water is used as solvent. Used microspheres have internal diameter from 3-150 mcm and 0.2-5 mcm thick wall. Microspheres with diameter multiple of wavelength of IR radiation of construction, protected by coating, can constitute 40-60% in the content of microspheres. |
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Multicyclone dust trap inside cleaning Invention relates to cleaning the inside of various process equipment used in gas industry, particularly, to cleaning the inside of multicyclone dust trap of dirt composed of compacted fine fraction with mineral, polymer and metallic inclusions. For cleaning purposes, filling of dust trap inside with dirt is evaluated to perform its cleaning by air-impact device proceeding from the results of said evaluation. Then, chemical cleaning is performed by solution of surfactants along with hydraulic cleaning by high-pressure nozzle. |
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Invention relates to a heat-insulating polymer foam which comprises a component which attenuates infrared radiation, and a method of producing the polymer foam. The polymer foam is prepared by extrusion foaming of a foamable thermoplastic polymer mixture using a foaming component. The mixture of foaming components contains 3-5 wt % carbon dioxide gas, less than 5 wt % alcohol containing 2-3 carbon atoms, less than 0.7 wt % water and less than 2.5 wt % isobutane; and where the foaming component contains at least 0.1 wt % water and/or alcohol containing 2-3 carbon atoms. The foam is obtained using 2-5 wt % of a component which attenuates infrared radiation, selected from petcoke and carbon black with particle size of 100-700 nm; 2.5-3.5 wt % bromine-substituted flame-retardant; and at least 0.1 wt % epoxy stabiliser. |
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Uniflow cyclone with ribbed displacer Device comprises swirl vanes and a biconical displacer fitted with ribbing, the ribs are plates with axes directed along the gas movement path. |
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Composite moisture-retaining material and method of obtaining thereof Invention relates to a composite moisture-retaining material, which can be used in crop production for the improvement of water-air and nutritional mode of soil, as well as for the recovery of vegetation on soils of various types. The composite moisture-retaining material is made on the base of acryl copolymer and filler. The acryl copolymer is made on the base of acrylamide and acrylic acid salts with a ratio of 20/80-80/20 mol. % in the presence of a cross-linking agent N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide and a polymerisation initiator. As the filler used is a mixture of wastes of biocatalytic productions of acryl monomers and acids of humic acids with a ratio of 99/70-1/30 wt % by dry substance in the form of a water paste or a dry powder-like form. The total content of the filler constitutes to 60 wt %. A method of obtaining the composite moisture-retaining material is described. |
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Invention relates to methods of processing sewage sediments, which contain organic substances, before their utilisation or burying. A catalytic reactor contains a case with an extension in the upper part, a pipe branch for the supply of a sewage water sediment, located at the level of connection of the lower and upper parts of the case, a pipe branch for discharge of an inert material and pipe branches for the supply of air and fuel, located in the lower part of the case, a pipe branch for the discharge of smoke gases and a pipe branch for loading the inert material, located in the upper part of the case, a gas-distributing grid, located between the pipe branches for air and fuel supply, on which located are particles of the disperse inert material, successively placed above the grid organising nozzle and heat-exchange surfaces, with the organising nozzle being made from materials, containing an oxidation catalyst. The method of processing sewage water sediments includes mechanical dehydration of the sediment, thermal processing of the concentrate in a fluidised bed of disperse particles, organised by an immovable nozzle, cooling solid processing products, separation of the solid products from smoke gases, processing the product with water solution of inorganic acid and application of the suspension for purification of initial sewage water. |
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Process and plant for water removal from natural gas or industrial gases by physical solvents Invention relates to a method of drying of natural gas or industrial gas containing acid gaseous components. Gas is dried to remove acid gaseous components therefrom. The same physical solvent is used at both process steps. Gas to be dried is brought in contact with a physical solvent to absorb the major portion of water contained therein. The physical solvent being enriched with water is fed to the solvent recover unit wherein the said solvent is heated. Water contained in the solvent is separated in a countercurrent at the solvent recovery unit with the help of the flow of acid gas extracted from the dried useful gas during absorption of the acid gas. Note here that the acid gas is, again, released at the said recovery unit and separated from the solvent and released from the said unit for the solvent recovery. The invention relates also to a plant for the implementation of the described process. |
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Invention relates to indoor positioning systems. The present invention provides at least three directional GPS antennae (2) for picking up specific GPS signals conning from at least three GPS satellites (S), at least three radio-frequency GPS repeaters (3) for amplifying the GPS signals coming from the directional GPS antennae (2), at least three GPS antennae (6) for transmitting the GPS signals coming from the radio-frequency GPS repeaters (3) to indoors, at least one GPS receiver (7) for picking up the GPS signals coming from the GPS antennae (6) by its (7) antenna (8). |
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Natural gas drying by simultaneous cooling of solvent and natural gas Invention relates to a gas drying method. The proposed method comprises forcing of gas through one or several cooling chambers connected in series. Note here that a solvent flow is fed into every chamber to remove water from the gas. Then, the mixed flow of the gas and solvent is fed in every cooling chamber to be cooled therein and, thereafter, to be separated by a gas-fluid separator into the gas flow with the reduced water content and the solvent flow enriched with water. The water content in the gas is gradually decreased sequentially in all the cooling chambers. Note also that every flow of the solvent separated and enriched with water is either used as an upstream cooling chamber feed flow or returned to a recovery unit for water separation. Note also that the solvent downstream of the coiling chamber is directed from the gas-fluid separators into the recovery unit to be recycled and fed upstream of the last chamber to the mix of the gas and solvent. The recovered solvent flow downstream of the recovery unit is fed to the gas flow of the last downstream chamber, the solvent separated downstream of the said chamber is fed to all other upstream cooling chambers. |
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Chamber method of mining heavy, valuable, comminuted ore deposits Invention relates to the mining industry and can be used when mining comminuted ore deposits, including heavy and rich, overlain with soft mantle rocks. The chamber method of mining the heavy, valuable, comminuted ore deposits comprises sectoral mining of ore, followed by the formation of a hollow chamber in the form of a hexagonal prism. A dome preventing overhead caving is formed preliminary in over-ore rock mass of overlying rocks over cellular chamber. Under the dome in each section the chamber walls are formed. The timbering is created for the walls of hollow chambers followed by backfilling of concrete in it, successively from top to bottom to the entire depth of the ore body in each sector. The adjacent chambers are made in a similar manner to the formed chamber adjacent to it to form a unitary chamber cell structure. The chambers are connected by passages for easy operation. |
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Method of productivity recovery and commissioning of non-operating oil and gas wells Method includes the conducting of repair and insulating works, "moderate" perforation of the production casing by a power drill with the working member equipped with hydromonitor channels, injection of sealing composition into the punched holes, bridge installation inside the production casing and subsequent re-perforation and development of the productive formation. Meanwhile during a single tripping of the perforator "moderate" perforation of the production casing is made in the interval below the productive formation and above the water producing formation. A simultaneous sealing of the formed holes of the interval and the bridge installation inside the production casing by means of supply of cementing composition through the perforator are performed. The perforator is backwashed when it is lifted to the productive formation, which is re-perforated and developed by the same perforator. |
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Invention relates to facilities for the provision of movement of wheeled facilities to surfaces of different levels, in particular, wheelchairs, baby carriages and prams, trolleys, etc. The sliding ramp comprises the first and second parallel sliding guides, at least two parallel transverse guides placed on the support surface for the ramp, each sliding guide is equipped with at least two movement facilities connected to the sliding guide by means of supports, the movement facilities in one of the sliding guides are made in the form of carriages placed in transverse guides, and at least one of the movement facilities in each sliding guide is equipped with a drive, besides, the movement facilities of the first sliding guide are placed outside the transverse guides and are made in the form of a closed kinematic chain of links, the initial link of which is installed on the support surface of the ramp, and the outlet link is a support for the first sliding guide, besides, the movement facility of the first sliding guide is placed on the support surface of the ramp and provides for the movement of the first sliding guide relative to the second sliding guide and the support surface of the ramp from the initial folded position into the unfolded position and back. Also the second version of the sliding ramp is described. |
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Invention relates to road construction, namely, to patching of asphalt concrete pavements. A method for patching roads is that the defective pavement area is milled, cleaned from dust and ground, treated with bitumen emulsion, after which the mixture is placed and rolled. The asphalt mix is placed in the pothole with arrangement of a small conical mound near the edge of the arranged pavement, before the drum of the road roller, with account to the pressing-out of the road material towards the edges of the pad when the roller runs over the mixture, and for compacting the asphalt mix a compact vibratory roller is used in the dynamic operation mode; the final stage of compaction process is the use of plate compactors for additional compacting of the borders of the repair area after the vibratory roller. |
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Method to determine paths of filtration of mine air in shafts Invention relates to mining industry, namely, to provision of safety during works under shaft conditions, and may be used to determine paths of filtration of mine air. The method to determine paths of filtration of mine air in shafts, including introduction of a tracer into shaft atmosphere, determination of air bleeding points, samples in bleeding points and their gas analysis for availability of the tracer with the help of indicator tubes with the possibility of subsequent inspection by a chromatographic or spectrophotometric method in the stationary laboratory. A feature of the proposed method is the fact that the tracer is furfurol sprayed dispersedly into air flow in the amount from 25 to 30 mg/m3. |
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Method of associated petroleum gas application Invention relates to the oil-and-gas industry and aims at the application of associated petroleum gas at oil separation sites and for extinguishing of flares. The proposed method comprises low-pressure second separation stage gas recovery by its feed to a fluid-gas ejector inlet and its compression by a portion of rejected high-pressure bottom water bled from discharge of a pump unit cluster and directed to the ejector working nozzle. Note here that the water-gas mix from the ejector discharge is directed to a settler top part for preliminary discharge of formation water while a gas chamber of the said settler is communicated with a gas chamber of the first stage separator. |
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Cast-in-situ concreting method of sea platform Invention relates to erection of cast-in-situ structures in difficult-to-access areas, and namely to cast concrete mixtures for cast-in-situ concreting of building structures. A cast-in-situ concreting method of a stationary sea ice-resistant platform involves preparation of concrete mix by mixing of dry components: a binding agent - Portland-slag cement, quartz sand, granite crushed stone with fraction of 5-20 mm, fine crushed mineral filler - MP-1 powder, with water and additives - a plasticising agent based on polycarboxylates - Muraplast FK-63 and hardening retarder - Centrament Retard 390, till concrete mix of cast consistency with cone spread of 50-70 cm is obtained, and with delamination of not more than 0.4% and with preservation capacity of at least 3 hours, supply of concrete mix to a framework with a concrete pump at flow rate of 2500-3000 l/h, and hardening is performed under normal conditions during 28-60 days, at the following component ratio, wt %: Portland-slag cement 13.3-16.9, quartz sand 42.4-42.6, the above said crushed stone 25.3-27.9, mineral powder MP-1 6.6-6.8, the above said plasticising agent 0.1-0.2, the above hardening retarder 0.07-0.08, and water is the rest. |
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Unit for operation of water supply wells Unit includes the wellhead equipment, concentrically located tubing strings of two diameters with electrocentrifugal and jet pumps in the production casing of the well. There is a separating camera located in the bottom part of the well bore under the centrifugal pump, equipped with the sealing housing. The unit has the channel for passing of the separated oil connecting the annular space above the pump with the separating camera, and inlet holes for entering the separated water. The sealing housing of the electric centrifugal pump from below in the interval of the separating camera is equipped with the inlet device made as the liner damped from below. The liner is divided into sections with the inlet holes. At the level of each inlet hole the liner is equipped with a glass used as a hydraulic lock for petroleum drips and inlet of water from the separating camera. The inlet holes are located in a single row along the liner and are made with the diameters diminishing in each subsequent section upwards. The gap between the housing and production casing of the well is used as a channel for passing of petroleum drips. The tubing string of the greater diameter in the wellhead equipment is connected to the water line, and tubing string with the smaller diameter - with the oil line. The bottom of the string with the smaller diameter is tightly installed in the upper cylindrical camera of the commutator installed in the tubing string with the greater diameter at the depth below the working level of fluid in the well. The commutator has vertical peripheral channels for passing through them of the upward flow of water and bottom cylindrical camera for placement of plug-in jet pump, the output of which is interconnected with the upper cylindrical camera. Meanwhile the possibility of supply of working fluid into the jet pump from the centrifugal pump, and pumped off fluid - along the side channel of the commutator from the annular space of the well through the check valve located from the external party of the commutator is provisioned. |
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Downhole instruments centraliser Invention relates to hole surveying and is intended for centring of instruments at their displacement along the borehole. The proposed device for centring of the downhole instruments comprises the main and extra systems of convex plate springs. Ends of the said main system of springs are articulated with extreme support sliders siding on a downhole instrument support guide. The number of springs of the extra system equals that of the main system. Note here that the ends of every spring of the said extra system can slide over the guide of the appropriate spring of the main system. |
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Development of multi-zone gas field Invention relates to the oil-and-gas industry and can be used for the development of hard-to-extract gas deposits. The proposed method comprises drilling of the main wellbore, running-in of a production string, surveying, drilling of a horizontal section in a productive formation. Note here that the said main wellbore is drilled with a preset inclination angle, encased by the production string with a precut opening in an aluminium shell for drilling and finishing of a smaller-diameter lateral borehole. The wellbore production sections are drilled gently sloping and equipped with appropriate filters. Simultaneously, a dual production string is run-into the main and lateral horizons to be isolated by a packer above the roof of the lower productive horizon to develop separately the horizons by separate production strings. In the well operation, methanol is fed automatically at a preset flow rate in the main wellbore annulus and lateral borehole annulus. |
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Proposed method comprises test injection of frac fluid and bundle of frac fluids with proppant, correction of frac project and execution of the main frac process. Well is equipped with extra string and tube space is cemented. At hydrofrac, components are injected via said extra string at communicated perforation interval and well top space at pressure lower than permissible for extra string and at low frac fluid flow rate. |
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System for subsea oil or gas field development System contains at least one modular shaft with the central unit placed under water and an uprise buried to the ocean bottom and at least one air-lock chamber to transport duty shifts of workers, materials and equipment. Besides the system comprises at least one drilling area with a horizontal tunnel branched from the uprise in the central unit, and an inclined area for delivery of drill pipes and a vertical area in which bottom part there is a wellhead of at least one well. A power cable and control systems as well as pipeline in the protective shell for oil and gas transportation are connected to the modular shaft. |
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Method of reducing redox-ratio of galss mass and obtained thereof supertransparent glass Invention relates to a method of reducing a glass mass redox-ratio. Sodium-calcium silicate glass for covering plates of solar collector and solar mirrors with the total content of iron lower than 0.010 wt % counted per Fe2O3 has a redox-ratio lower than 0.350 CeO2 and possesses spectral properties, including transmittance in the visible area and total transmittance of the infrared range of sunlight higher than 90% with the thickness of 5.5 millimetres and reduced solarisation. The glass is obtained by heating a bath with a melt of sodium-calcium silicate glass by a mixture of combustion air and combustible gas with specific consumption of the combustion air higher than 11 or specific consumption of combustion oxygen higher than 2.31. Oxygen is bubbled through the glass mass bath. Oxygen oxidises bivalent iron to trivalent iron to reduce the redox-ratio. |
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Invention relates to the construction of shallow foundations. Slab foundation, reinforced with recessed cage located outside the foundation along its perimeter at some distance from the edge of the plate. Deepening of the bottom of the cage exceeds the depth of maximum horizontal ground motions. The distance between the cage and the edge of the slab is set according to the planned design bearing capacity or settlement of the foundation and in the composite cage made of reinforced components their upper parts are connected by a belt. |
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Method of non-explosive rock destruction Invention relates to the mining industry, in particular to rock destruction, and can be used in the mining and construction industries for the separation of the shaped blocks of rock from the mass. The method of non-explosive rock destruction comprises drilling holes, installing in them of the pipes preliminarily cut along the length, to form one or several slots which are oriented in directions of the desired separation of the rock block from the mass. Then the holes are filled with a composition expanding when hardening. As a result of hardening the composition increases in volume, which leads to the increase in pressure on the pipe walls. The maximum force vector will be directed toward the slot, which enables to separate the block of a given configuration from the mass. In the implementation of the method around the holes the stress field is formed, which is not concentric, but ellipsoidal. |
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Procedure for selective shutoff of water-encroached sections of oil reservoir Invention is related to oil producing industry, and namely to methods of water influx limitation in oil producers and alignment of injectivity profile in injectors. Procedure for selective shutoff of water-encroached sections of oil reservoir includes injection of gel-forming compound to the reservoir, flushing of the above compound to the reservoir and break in the process. At that 5-20 wt % of sodium metasilicate to the above compound and 3-9 wt % of chromic potassium alum as the initiator of gel-forming process and water up to the remaining volume. In 3-4 hours upon injection of water shutoff compound injection of alkali solution is performed in order to recover permeability of oil-saturated intervals. Then break in process is taken for 12-18 hours, thereafter operation of the well is started again. |
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Invention relates to a composition for producing a reinforced composite material based on alumina cement and tabular alumina or corundum, which is reinforced with glass fibre, a reinforced composite material, a method for production thereof, use thereof to make finished articles, as well as industrial articles made using said method and use thereof. The mixture for producing reinforced composite material contains the following components, wt %: high-alumina cement with not less than 70% Al2O3 22-27; tabular alumina or corundum 58-63; glass fibre based on silicon oxide or zircon 3.9-4.5, silicone resin 0.14-0.18; polyacrylic electrolyte 0.14-0.18; water. The finished article can be used as a plate for blowout chambers, particularly high-voltage contactors, insulation plates, ribbed insulators and high-temperature furnace coatings. |
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Hydraulic dispersion-mixing unit to produce high-adhesion binding and fine concretes Invention relates to the production of high-adhesion binding and fine concretes. The proposed hydraulic dispersion-mixing unit to produce high-adhesion binding and fine concretes comprises a frame and a screw auger. The screw auger blades have shaped holes that vary subject to the auger sizes: the number of holes increases from "n1" at the auger initial part to "nm" at the auger end part; the size of holes decreases from "k1" at the auger initial part to "km" at the auger end part, all the holes being located radially around the circle on the surface of blades. |
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Device for pulse-depression action on bottomhole formation zone Invention relates to the oil-and-gas industry, in particular to devices intended for affecting the bottomhole formation zone by a depression pulse to up the well efficiency operated by sucker-rod downhole-pumping plants. The proposed device pulse-depression action on bottomhole formation zone comprises a hollow case with a guide and intake holes and a depression chamber extending therein. A cover is telescopically arranged at the said hollow case and locked by a shear screw. Note here that a variable-section rod is fitted concentrically in the said hollow case to connect the said depression chamber with an extra depression chamber. The said variable-section rod interacts with an overflow hole of the hollow case while a packer and wedge are arranged on the cover cylindrical surface. The wedge outer conical surface interacts with radially displacing slips. The cover is provided with a stop to interact with the wedge. The said hollow case rests of the well bottom. The cover cylindrical surface is provided with a radially displacing thrust ring and extra slips arranged under the slips and an extra wedge rigidly connected to the hollow case guide. The variable section rod bottom section has lateral holes and is provided with a plug at its bottom end section. The variable section hollow rod houses a plunger with a suction valve. The said plunger is connected via the rod string with the pumping unit. In an initial position, the hollow case overflow hole interacts with the hollow rod and isolates the hollow case intake holes from the hollow rod side holes. In the working position, the hollow case overflow hole gets out from the interaction with the hollow rod and communicates the hollow case intake holes with the variable section hollow rod side holes. |
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Mechanical support packer with cable entry Mechanical support packer with cable entry comprises a mandrel connected telescopically to a connecting coupling and a landing nipple interacting by its collars and locking pins with longitudinal grooves made in the mandrel, which can move axially among themselves. The packer is equipped with O-ring with dish-shaped thrusts divided by intermediate rings and entry of a power cable through a longitudinal closed slot at the mandrel with joint sealant under the O-ring. At both sides of the O-ring there are mirroring identical bushings made with the respective dish-shaped upper and lower thrusts intended to compress the O-ring and these thrusts are connected to the coupling and nipple and fixed by retention screws. At inner surfaces of the bushings there are longitudinal grooves while in walls of the coupling and nipple there are through grooves for free movement and output of the power cable when the O-ring is compressed. At both mandrel ends in the circular grooves there are limit stops for the coupling and nipple made as pairs of semiannular dies covering the power cable by their butt ends and interlocked from outside by stages in inner surfaces of the coupling and nipple, which are made with length at least equal to offset value of each thrust at compression of the O-ring with radial expansion up to tight-proof disintegration of the well cavity. In the bushings there are shear pins interacting with circular grooves in the mandrel thus providing free placement of the O-ring between dish-shaped thrusts when the packed is run in to the well up to the thrust into the device installed below. |
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Double-armature mechanical packer Double-armature mechanical packer includes a spindle, upper and lower armatures installed on it and provided with retaining jaws and cones unclamping them, a coupling in which a bore is made, and a lower nut connected to the cone of the upper armature temporary fixed on the spindle with shear pins and connected to the cone of the lower armature. An annular seal is made between the coupling and the lower nut. The upper part of the spindle is connected to an adapter, on which the upper nut is installed. A yoke of the upper armature and the upper nut are connected to each other with a casing, inside which a spring is installed to create pressure on the end face of the yoke of the upper armature relative to the adapter. Retaining jaws of the upper and the lower armatures are installed in radial slots of the yoke and spring-loaded in the spindle direction by means of flat springs. Additionally, in the yoke of the lower armature there installed are spring-loaded friction jaws. A labyrinth slot is made under the yoke. The yoke is connected to a flap. In the flap an arrangement is made for a floating pin of a telescopic lock. On the cylindrical surface of the retaining jaws of the upper armature there are projections located in openings made in the yoke wall. At least on the half the number of the retaining jaws there are notches with a thrust profile for engagement of the armature with the well shaft with possibility of longitudinal and radial movement of projections of the jaws in the yoke openings. The other part of the retaining jaws has a possibility of sliding along the well shaft, the projections of which are located in openings of the yoke with possibility of radial movement. |
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Concrete mixture contains, wt %: portland cement 18.87-21.34, expanded clay 41.13-41.56, superplasticiser LSTM 0.0312, thermal power plant fly ash 13.92-18.87, gas-forming additive PAK-3 0.022-0.025, iron-containing sludge - chemical production waste 0.10-0.50, water - the balance. |
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Method of obtaining of porous permeable ceramic article Deposition is performed by forming of monolayers at the expense of collisions of deposited particles of ceramic material with the surface of mandrel at a minimum angle 45°, except for zero. Each monolayer is formed with the maximum thickness 0.04 mm. The porosity is formed as through one, pores are parallel to each other and slant to working surface of an article with channel pores (2) with variable cross-section, from which the least is from the side of output of filtered medium. The geometry of a pore space increases penetrability of an article more than twice. |
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Finishing method of panels of external walls Finishing method of walls of buildings, which are made of panels, with a decorative front layer is implemented in the form of a mat of a mixture of a polymer binding agent and pebble gravel applied onto a flexible substrate. Before the mat of the front layer is laid into a mould, it is cut out; then, new assembled mats of the front layer are assembled and bonded out of separate cut-out fragments of different shapes and colour, which are then placed in a mould with a size for one panel; they are attached to each other with an adhesive joint, filled with the mixture for a load-carrying layer of the panel and exposed till the specified strength is achieved, and after the panels are exposed, walls of the buildings are mounted using them in accordance with an architectural design. |
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Natural soil is extracted for optimal depth, drilling is done from the bottom of excavation of vertical and inclined wells to the roof of permafrost soils, steel pipes filled with sand and in the upper part with concrete are submerged into wells, a buffer layer from crushed stone is filled on the entire area of the excavated bottom, layers of horizontal reinforcing elements are laid above the buffer layer in the form of geogrids filled with crushed stone, the excavation is filled with coarse clastic rock with subsequent arrangement of road surface. |
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Construction method of deep-laid double-arched underground station Invention relates to construction industry and can be used at construction of undergrounds immediately at construction of a deep-laid double-arched underground station. An installation method of a deep-laid double-arched underground station, which involves driving of side supporting tunnels, construction of side supports in them, development of calotte slots, installation of upper arches with partial removal of liner of the side supporting tunnels, development of a station core, underpinning of inverted arches and installation of internal structures with an island platform, differs by the fact that the deep-laid double-arched underground station is constructed in the scope of a single-arched underground station; side supporting tunnels and a middle supporting tunnel is constructed, liner is mounted in it and an upper supporting member is installed into it, which is common for upper arches of the station, and a pre-fabricated reinforced-concrete strip foundation made in the form of a flat tray having planes of interface to the inverted arches of the station, then, in the side supporting tunnels there constructed are side supports with anchor support, which have a possibility of avoiding rotation of side supports during installation of upper arches; the middle part of the common load-carrying support is mounted with its further concreting throughout the station length, at the same time, in the upper part of the side supporting tunnels and the middle supporting tunnel the liner is removed, calotte slots of station tunnels are driven with installation of upper arches and partial removal of the liner of side supporting tunnels and the liner of the middle supporting tunnel; the core is developed in each station tunnel; liners of side supporting tunnels and the liner of the middle supporting tunnel is removed; soil is excavated for installation of inverted arches; inverted arches are built in both station tunnels and internal structures with an island platform are constructed. |
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Method of excavation in outburst-prone seam Invention relates to the field of mining, preferably, to coal industry, and may be used for safe excavation in an outburst-prone seam by gas dynamic and gas factors. The method includes excavation of a mine, its ventilation, control of methane control in a bottomhole and in an outgoing air jet, arrangement of degassing wells with non-reducible outstripping in a coal massif at the sides of the main and a discharge-drainage well along its axis. At the same time the wells are arranged for the length of the weekly interval of the excavation. Prior to another excavation interval they arrange a portable device, which is used in case of a gas dynamic phenomenon to urgently cover the cross section of the mine, and with a limited flow rate they discharge a gaseous mix from the bottomhole into an outgoing jet. Besides, during discharge of the gaseous mix they support methane concentration in the outgoing jet of the mine as not more than 0.5% by the volume by means of supply of additional quantity of fresh air into the mine. The discharge-drainage well at another interval of excavation is carried out remotely after connection of barrier wells to a degassing pipeline. In case of gas dynamic phenomenon and achievement of more than 1% of methane at the head of another excavation interval they automatically put in service an additional fan of local ventilation, fresh air is supplied into a jet outgoing from the mine, the gaseous mix is dissolved to normative content of gases in the mine atmosphere. |
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Method of underground mining of pitching and underlay lodes Invention relates to mining and, in particular, to underground mining represented by pitching and underlay lodes. Mining of stopes during excavation of lodes is carried out in two stages. At the first stage the mined space is filled in moving the front of stoping by removing after ore breaking in each stope cycle from each ore embankment only part of a broken rock mass in the form of a strip adjacent directly to the stoping, the width of which is determined by the formula. Since when breaking of each layer in the mined space of stope a part of the ore embankment is left, after breaking the whole block the mined space is completely filled with the broken ore mass. At the second stage of mining the block the waterproofing of all mine roadway layout is carried out at its outer contour and using the methods of physicochemical geotechnology the useful components are removed from the ore, filling the mined space, and the ore recycled in such a manner is left as a backfilling. |
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Method for arrangement of urban road surfaces Method for arrangement of urban road surfaces consists in the fact that asphalt concrete mix is laid by an asphalt spreading machine equipped with a ramming bar and a vibrating board, and compaction is done by road rollers with appropriate modes of operation and weight characteristics. At the same time in the initial period of compaction, when the mix cools down the most, works are performed by a light vibration roller, next to the asphalt spreading machine, in the dynamic mode of operation at small amplitude and frequency of roller vibration (close to or equal to amplitude of the asphalt spreading machine vibrating board). After two passages of the vibration rollers they gradually increase dynamic impact at the compacted mix, further compaction is carried out by a heavy vibration roller in the dynamic mode of the light vibration roller at the last passage, and then - in the static mode, completing the entire process of asphalt concrete compaction. Compaction of the asphalt concrete mix is performed within strict temperature intervals with account of efficiency of the asphalt spreading machine, number of roller passages, its speed, type of the mixture and other characteristics, in the entire technological process of the coating device. After operation of the certain road roller it is necessary to perform the statistic control of thermomechanical characteristics of the asphalt-concrete mix: temperature of the coating surface and density of asphalt concrete, and with account of variation of any of controlled properties, if necessary, to vary amplitude and frequency of roller roll oscillations or number of passages along the track for achievement of the required density of the coating, also in the zone of inspection holes additional compaction must be performed with the vibrating board along the perimeter after operation of vibration rollers, upon completion of the process of asphalt-concrete mix compaction, quality of works must by controlled according to SNiP.06.03-85. |
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Method of obtaining block temperature-resistant foam glass Foaming mixture includes medical glass XT and medical glass AB in a ratio of 4:1 and a foaming agent. Heating of a foaming mixture is carried out at a rate of 3.5°C/min. Foaming is carried out at 830°C for 45 minutes with further rapid cooling from 600 to 400°C at a rate of 0.5°C/min and from 400 to 50°C at a rate of 1.1°C/min. |
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Method of prediction of risk of explosion of hybrid mixtures in mines and pits Invention relates to the field of the mining industry, mainly to coal and ore one, and can be used for the prediction of risk of explosions of hybrid mixtures in mines and gas-hazardous pits. The proposed method comprises the experimental determination of intensity of the emission rate of explosive gases in the mine working, the measurement of the air flow rate and the concentration of gases in the mine atmosphere and the temperature of their ignition. At that the measurement of the air flow rate and the concentration of gases in it is carried out in the process of reducing the ventilation parameters of working, and the dynamics of reduction of the air flow and the increase in the concentration of gases, that constitute the hybrid mixture, is determined. In addition, the temperature of ignition is taken as the value inherent to the component of the hybrid mixture with the lowest temperature of ignition, and the risk of explosion of the hybrid mixture is determined by the product of frequencies of emergencies on the air flow rate and the content of the component of the hybrid mixture with the lowest temperature of ignition. |
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Invention relates to loose material classification and may be used in metallurgy, construction, chemical industry, etc. Elliptic screen comprises screening surface arranged between end jaws, drive, loading and unloading journals. Screening surface is composed of cylinder with perforated walls inclined to horizontal axis and perforated elliptic end walls. End wall nearby loading journal is flat and arranged at the angle to screening surface rotational axis. End taper wall nearby unloading journal is arranged perpendicular to screening surface rotational axis. Helical convex spring is arranged over the entire length of screening surface features flat section of turns and turn direction aligned with that of screening surface rotation. Spring allows variation of its turn pitch by contraction of expansion. |
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Invention concerns construction, and namely to foundation engineering. The invention proposes a driven pile including a screw shaft made so that there formed along inner perimeter are three and more broken right and left screw lines directed opposite each other, as well as three and more internal screw grooves with equal pitch out of sections consisting of two subsections. Besides, the subsections are made of three and more isosceles trapeziums and isosceles triangles alternately connected to each other with lateral sides, the bases of which are located in a subsection to opposite sides. Besides, the sections are connected to each other with larger bases of trapeziums, and the subsections are combined into a section so that bases of isosceles triangles of one subsection are connected to the upper base of isosceles trapeziums of the second subsection, and bases of isosceles triangles of the second subsections are connected to the upper base of isosceles trapeziums of the first subsection. |
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Screw pile contains a shaft made along the perimeter in the form of a multi-start screw surface with screw grooves inside the screw shaft in the form of pockets of a curved shape with centres of curvature located inside the cross section of the screw shaft. In this case, the shaft is made of three or more identical strips of a rectangular shape twisted in the longitudinal direction relative to the longitudinal axis and bent along the screw line in the transverse direction on the cylindrical mandrel with the formation of an overlapping inside the shaft in the form of screw blades throughout the length. |
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Tower for wind-driven power plant Invention relates to a tower for a wind-driven power plant; the tower walls are at least partially made of individual wall sections that are connected to each other by means of connection elements. According to the invention, the task with regard to this tower has been solved due to the fact that a turning piece to which the wall sections are connected, so that they are retained is provided at least partially inside the tower. The tower for the wind-driven power plant, inside which a turning piece to which the wall sections are connected, so that they are retained is provided at least partially; the tower walls are at least partially made of individual wall sections that are connected to each other by means of the connection elements. The wall sections consist of a timber material and are made so that the wall sections receive and release the whole static load, and the turning piece is a device for the installation work. |
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Laminated sound-insulating panel Invention relates to the sound-insulating elements. Laminated sound-insulating structural panel comprises two plates (10, 13) made of plasterboard, connected by the layer (16) of glue. Panel is characterized by dynamic Young's modulus from 0.1 to 5 GPa and loss factor of suppression of 5-30% (η=0.05-0.3). Content of glue (16) applied on the surface of plate (10, 13) is of 80-250 g/m2. At 20°C, the glue has the dynamic Young's modulus from 0.1 to 50 MPa at frequency of 100 Hz and/or from 0.5 to 100 MPa at frequency of 1000 Hz and loss factor is not less than 50% (η>0.5). |
Another patent 2550848.