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Method of production of organic fertiliser and feed additives based on residual products of processing of fish scraps, in which a mixture of any fish scraps is crushed and milled to fractions with the diameter no more than 2-3 mm, the preparatory process is performed, comprising uniform mixing, thermal heating for not more than 5 hours at a temperature of 80°-90°C, cooling to a temperature not lower than 45°C, maintenance of humidity of the mixture not lower than 75%, then the process of anaerobic fermentation in the reactor at an optimal temperature of 60°C is carried out. At that in the fermentation process once the temperature jump to 105°C for 15-20 min is provided, the phosphoric acid solution and the enzymes of biological nature are added, the final product after the fermentation is subjected to separation of the liquid component and the biological sludge (centrifuge effluent), a mixture of low molecular weight fatty acids is added to the final paste granulate. |
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Method of disposing cellulose-containing wastes Invention relates to the field of biotechnology, particularly, to a method of disposing the cellulose-containing wastes. The method of disposing the cellulose-containing wastes by using vermiculture with earthworms Eisenia fetida and culture of fungi Trichoderma viride comprises a preliminary oral inoculation of earthworm Eisenia fetida with using an insulin syringe with a sawed-off point of the needle with the suspension of mycelium and spores of a cellulose-digesting strain of week-old culture of fungi Trichoderma viride with the content in it of colony-forming units in the amount of 103 CFU/ml in amount of 0.05 ml, or daily exposure of the worms in the substrate saturated with such suspension. |
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Method of disinfection and decontamination vegetable farming wastes Method involves formation of a collar, which consists of vegetable farming wastes and manure of farm animals to use for decontamination and deactivation of earthworms. For decontamination and disposal of waste three types of worms are used, one of which belongs to the compost and the other two - to the soil. The collar is formed on the natural ground outside the building with a height of 35-45 cm. The collar surface is covered with a layer of straw with thickness of 4-6 cm, providing access of air and moisture to the surface of the collar. In the collar humidity of 75-90% is maintained and the collar is kept during at least one field season. After the process completion solid objects are separated from the discrete content of collar. |
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Method of processing household wastes Invention relates to biotechnology and specifically to methods of recycling household wastes. The method involves removing inorganic impurities, grinding, mixing wastes with an organic additive containing a culture of microorganisms and composting to obtain organic fertiliser. The organic additive used is compost based on poultry droppings, which is taken in amount of 300-500 kg per ton of wastes, and microbial strains Bacillus subtilis B-168, Bacillus mycoides B-691, Streptomyces sp. Ac-154, Mukor psychrophilus F-1441, Candida utilis Y-2441 in amount of 1·106-1·107 cells per millilitre per ton of poultry droppings. |
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Method of household wastes reclamation Invention relates to reclamation of household and other wastes, and to environmental protection. Proposed method comprises sorting and removing indecomposable wastes, disposal of garbage outside of residential area, and its laying. After sorting and disposal, said indecomposable wastes are uniformly distributed on over lowland surface with water-saturated soil. Then, garbage and soil surface layer are sued to prepare substrate by its compaction, mincing and pressing in soil by caterpillar machines. Cuttings of moisture-loving plants, for example, willow, are planted out on thus prepared substrate. For better viability of cuttings, they are planted out in autumn after termination of growth processes in cuttings. |
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Method to increase soil fertility Invention relates to the field of plant growing. In the method on soil surface of a separate field at least one multilayer bed is developed, which includes layers of manure and wastes of crops. The multilayer bed is soaked until quantity of compost worms reaches critical mass. Then at least one lengthy pile is created, which includes layers of manure and organic wastes. Piles are cured until quantity of compost worms reaches critical mass. At least one multilayer bed is created on the agricultural field with periodical addition of manure and crop wastes into these beds. |
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Method for joint composting of city municipal wastes (versions) Invention relates to agriculture and city municipal engineering, ecological biotechnology and may be used to recycle sediment of waste waters. Method of wastes composting according to the first version includes mixing of ground wood wastes and waste waters sediments and soaking for ripening. Wood wastes are disperse wood chips, which are mixed with mixture of waste waters sediments and excessive active sludge of treatment facilities in amount of 20-40 wt % of dry substance with moisture of 60-80%, and this mixture is fermented in methane tanks. In process of mixing compost is periodically saturated with additive in amount of 5-20% of dry substance selected from the following group: raw sediments of waste waters with moisture of 80-90%, excessive active sludge of treatment facilities, by dry substance, with moisture of 90-99%, mixture of raw sediments of waste waters and excessive active sludge or treatment facilities with moisture of 80-90%. Method of wastes composting according to the second version includes mixing of ground wood wastes, waste waters sediments, solid domestic wastes and soaking for ripening. Wood wastes are disperse wood chips. Solid domestic wastes are residue of undersize fraction of solid domestic wastes produced after screen sizing. Components are mixed with mixture of waste waters sediments and excessive active sludge of treatment facilities in amount of 10-40 wt % of dry substance with moisture of 60-80%, and this mixture is fermented in methane tanks. In process of mixing compost is periodically saturated with additive in amount of 5-20% of dry substance selected from the following group: raw sediments of waste waters with moisture of 80-90%, excessive active sludge of treatment facilities with moisture of 90-99%, mixture of raw sediments of waste waters and excessive active sludge or treatment facilities with moisture of 80-90%. Wood chips are used with size of not more than 10-30 mm. For ripening compost is maintained from 1 to 4 months, during which absolute moisture of compost is maintained within 55-65% in whole volume of mixture at periodical aeration, control of temperature and moisture in compost. |
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Method for production of humus at dumps Method includes formation of trench in upper layer of dump, its filling with food and organic wastes, coverage with film and addition of substrate of adapted culture of red wiggler earthworm. Prior to filling, pipe of closed circuit of coolant supply is laid on bottom of trench. After filling of trench with wastes, in upper part of its content, using retention accessory, horizontally aligned perforated pipes of aeration and gas exhaust are installed, together with vertically aligned tubes for sampling of temperature, moisture and gas volume, protruding above trench. Sample parametres are used to control composting process, frequency of gas pumping and control of coolant supply and irrigating fluid. |
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Method for processing of solid communal wastes in process of their storage Method includes placement of solid communal wastes on site together with compost produced in process of solid communal wastes treatment in plants, compost is used for isolating layers, for production of which mature compost is used, at least after six months of composting, with content of organic substance of 30-50%, alkaline activation of mature compost is carried out with 2% solution of NaOH or 2% solution of Na2CO3 with ratio of mature compost and 2% solution of NaOH, as 1:5 by weight, or with a ratio of mature compost and 2% solution of Na2CO3 as 1:5 by weight, with periodical mixing and soaking for 20-24 hours, then liquid phase and solid phase are separated by means of decantation, solid phase having low filtration ability and high sorption ability regarding heavy metals. |
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Soil MALAKHIT is related to soils based on peat and biocompost obtained by utilisation of solid municipal waste used in 'green' construction for cultivation of flowers and turfgrass (version 1) and coniferous scrub (version 2). Soil includes underdecomposed upper-moor peat with acidity of 2.5 pH or more and biocompost at respective weight ratio of 30:70 (version 1) and 50:50 (version 2), mineral fertilisers represented by nitrogen, phosphor and/or potassium fertilisers depending on volatile nitrogen, phosphor and potassium form content in the biocompost (versions 1 and 2), and dolomite powder (version 1). Biocompost includes aerobic fermentation products of solid municipal waste and OMUT microbe fertiliser (10 wt %) containing association of active microbes Clavibacter michiganese, Bacillus amylognefaciens, Micrococcus various, cultivated in bird droppings. |
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Method of receiving of peat substance for planting stock of forest plants Method of getting peat substance presupposes processing of solid domestic wastes, compost crushing and introduction therein fermentative supplement in the form of active microorganisms association, conducting aerobic fermentation, and receiving biocompost, mixing biocompost with peat and admix of mineral supplements in the form of fertilisers. Fermentative supplement is introduced into the compost in the amount of 10 wt % off the organic fraction of solid domestic waste. Mobile forms of nitrogen, phosphor or potassium in biocompost are detected. Nitrogen and/or phosphorous and/or potassium fertilisers are introduced. Biocompost of 35-50% humidity is mixed with raw highbog peat with acidity of 2.5-3.5 pH at 50:50 weight ratio of biocompost to raw highbog peat. |
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Method for preparing organo-mineral combined fertilizer The suggested organic-mineral combined fertilizer includes quartz-glauconite sand and the source of organic substance. As the organic substance one should apply mixture of manure and slime residue obtained in the course of biological purification of household waste waters. The mixture should be obtained due to adding manure before treating slime residue by the processes of disinfection, neutralization and drying. On treating the residue and mixing it with quartz-glauconite sand the fertilizer has been obtained at the following ratio of the components, weight%: quartz-glauconite sand 2025; manure 1015; slime residue 6070. As the sauce of manure one should predominantly apply fowl manure. The fertilizer obtained according to the declared method provides increased soil fertility, improved soil structure and ecological degree in cultivating agricultural crops. |
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Method for production of fermented agriculture composition Claimed method includes microbial decomposition of plant waste in oxygen-enriched air forced circulation, wherein oxygen is obtained by Chlorella Vulgaris culturing. Carbon dioxide released in process of plant waste decomposition is collected and used in algae culturing. Method also includes manure deodorizing with calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide. Deodorized manure is mixed with mass obtained in process of plant waste decomposition. Mixture is fermented for 4-5 days and mixed with solid fraction of Chlorella Vulgaris. Said solid fraction of Chlorella Vulgaris in obtained by double freezing and defrosting of algae biomass and cell juice separation. Process is carried out in closed cycle. Obtained composition is useful both as fertilizer and feed supplement. |
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Method of reworking solid domestic wastes Proposed method includes sorting-out of wastes, biothermic sanitation in biodrums at addition of activating compound followed by composting in silos. Used as activating compound is composition from easily accessible sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and microorganism growth activators in form of metered solutions ensuring active colony forming of substrate by aboriginal thermophilic microorganisms. Two versions of solutions are preferably proposed as activating compound: sugar-sand, ammonium nitrate, azophoska, lignohumate and tap water; or sugar-sand, beer wort concentrate, fermentative peptone and tap water. |
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Method for increasing productivity of flower plants, such as chrysanthemum Method involves providing application of sewage water silt into soil in an amount of 12 kg/m2; additionally treating plants with sodium humate having concentration of 3·10-3%, with plants being sprinkled after planting of cuttings upon pinching of plants and during bud-formation period. |
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Solid household waste disposal method Method of invention can be, in particular, used in municipal economies and in agriculture to process poultry dung and manure. Method envisages dipping solid household waste in lime milk bath, where alkaline medium with pH 8.5-8.65 and temperature 20 to 70°C are maintained. On the expiry of 5-8 h, waste is removed from the bath, waste liquid is allowed to flow down, and remaining material is sorted according to components. A part of solution with sediment is continuously withdrawn to be processed by known techniques and organic portion of solid household waste is composted. |
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Integral method for waste-free agricultural production Method involves process and objects arranged in predetermined manner, and place planned according to relief, with geographic and other necessary factors being taken into consideration so that directions of natural air flows are corrected. Agricultural production includes complex greenhouses, heat accumulator, basin, garden, and wind shield. Air flow directed into garden is saturated with water vapors in gaseous state if increase in temperature is desirable when it is close to minimal admissible value, and in small droplet state when lower temperature is desirable. Processor functions as central controller. Objects of branches in agricultural production are selected so that objects of previous branches make raw material for objects of subsequent branches. Furthermore, joint mutually useful development of these objects at suitable conditions is possible. These conditions are created in complex greenhouse units intermediate with regard to said branches. General-purpose containers with raw material are conveyed through said complex greenhouse units. This results in multiple sequential-parallel utilization of raw materials in number of branches of industry. Method stipulates employment of useful relations between populations of organisms - objects of agricultural branches of industry: symbiosis and, according to kind of symbiosis, natural selection. |
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The invention is pertaining to biogeotechnology, in particular, to engineering bioenergetics. The method allows to reduce a biowaste processing duration. The household, urban and agricultural garbage (biowastes) in the unsorted state is loaded into rack stacks by a layer of 50-70 cm, distributing solid impurities for obtaining porosity. Then the fermenting chamber is sealed. Each 1.5-2 hours automatically the waste mass is humidified, and at an initial stage of fermentation the temperature in the chamber is kept up to + 55°C by the heating system ensured with system of a preheating. In 8-10 days the fermentation process is ended, the gaseous methane is finally pumped out by the air engine into a gas holder and grading starts: 10 % of the gained fertilizer is left as a seeding agent for the next charge. The soft and solid plastic impurities are stored for their further use as a feed stock at production of the necessary household items: packaging materials, containers, hoses etc. |
Another patent 2513946.