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Crude mixture for making ceramic wall articles Crude mixture for making ceramic wall articles contains gas cleaning dust from production of ferroalloys containing, wt %: SiO2 - 61.49-79.58 and MgO - 1.58-3.57, carbonised loam and high-calcium fly ash from burning brown coal, with the following ratio of components, wt %: gas cleaning dust from production of ferroalloys - 66-68; fly ash from burning brown coal - 3-7; carbonised loam - 27-29. |
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Raw mixture for production of wall ceramic items Raw mixture contains the following, wt %: ferroalloy production gas cleaning dust 68.0-66.7; carbonated clay loam 29.1-28.6; carbon lining crushing spill 2.9-4.7. Cold resistance comprises 75 cycles. |
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Ceramic mixture for making facing tile Ceramic mixture contains, wt %: copper-nickel ore beneficiation wastes 39.8-58.5, nepheline additive in form of apatite-nepheline ore beneficiation wastes 19.0-39.8, iron ore beneficiation wastes 14.6-19.9 and binder - sulphite alcohol spent liquor 0.5-5.0. The copper-nickel ore beneficiation wastes contain, wt %: chlorite, hydrochlorite 50.6-65.7, serpentine minerals 10.2-15.0, talc 10.0-14.0, magnetite 3.2-7.1, pyroxenes, amphiboles 5.0-6.7, albite 2.0-2.3, quartz 1.9-2.2, gypsum 1.9-2.1. The apatite-nepheline ore beneficiation wastes contain, wt %: nepheline 56.8-61.1, aegirine 10.2-13.0, nepheline secondary minerals 7.5-10.2, feldspar 5.8-7.4, apatite 3.4-5.4, sphene 2.2-3.2, ore minerals 0.9-1.7, mica 1.5-2.3. The iron ore beneficiation wastes contain, wt %: quartz 56.2-68.9, feldspar 17.0-25.5, mica 4.4-8.4, amphibole and pyroxene 1.5-3.4, mineral aggregates 1.3-3.3, magnetite 1.2-3.2. |
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Ceramic mass contains, wt %: refractory clay 40.0-45.0; quartzites 10.0-15.0; wollastonite 35.0-40.0; zircon 5.0-10.0. |
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Method of ceramic ballast production This invention relates to construction, particularly, to production of ballast to be used in construction of roads, bridges, airfields, railway tracks, etc. Proposed method comprises preparation of stock, its grinding, compaction, drying and thermal treatment. Raw mix is produced from natural sand and metallurgical slag admixtures or those of thermal electric power station slag and ash, said mix being ground and compacted at 35-150 MPa to obtain 50-150 mm deep boards. After drying, said boards are cut to cubic shape and annealed at 1100-1180°C. |
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Described is oxidation catalyst, which includes extruded solid material, containing: 10-95 wt % of, at least, one matrix-binding component; 5-90 wt % of synthetic alumosilicate zeolite molecular sieve or mixture of any two or more of such sieves, each of which has 10-ring pore structure or larger than 10-ring pore structure as its largest structure of pore holes, and has ratio of silicon dioxide and aluminium oxide constituting from 10 to 150; and 0-80 wt % of optionally stabilised cerium dioxide, with catalyst containing, at least, one precious metal and, optionally, at least, one non-precious metal, in which (1) main mass of, at least, one precious metal is located on the surface of extruded solid material; (ii) at least, one precious metal is applied in one layer or several layers on the surface of extruded solid material; (iii) at least, one metal is present in volume of extruded solid material and is present in higher concentration on the surface of extruded solid material; (iv) at least, one metal is present in volume of extruded solid material and is applied in one layer or several layers on the surface of extruded solid material; or (v) at least, one metal is present in volume of extruded solid material, is present in higher concentration on the surface of extruded solid material, and is applied in one layer or several layers on the surface of extruded solid material. Described are method of claimed catalyst manufacturing, method of processing emissions of waste gases of combustion engines, and system of discharge of gases and vehicle. |
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Method to manufacture light-weight heat insulation items for lining of thermal aggregates Method may be used to manufacture light-weight silica-alumina items of normal dimensions and simple cuts, designed for lining of thermal aggregates in zones with temperature of up to 1250°C, not exposed to action of melts, wear forces and mechanical shocks. The method includes preparation of a charge from chamotte, a binder and additives, shaping, drying and baking of items. |
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Mixture for producing decorative facing material Invention relates to production of compositions of decorative facing materials which can be used in construction. The mixture for producing decorative facing material contains, wt %: crushed glass 65.0-75.0, ground tuff 10.0-15.0, chamotte 15.0-20.0. |
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Raw material mix for obtaining facing ceramics Invention relates to production of construction materials and is intended for manufacturing facing ceramic tiles. Raw material mix for obtaining facing ceramics contains quartzite with fractions 0.5-0.315 mm and 0.08-0.056 mm, with their ratio 1.25-1:1, mixed with mix of refractory clay and glass breakage with ratio of clay and glass breakage 1:1.2-1 with mixture fraction not larger than 0.056 mm. Components of raw material mix are in the following ratio, wt %: quartzite - 60-65, mix of refractory clay and glass breakage 35-40. |
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Method of making boards from ceramic material Invention relates to making ceramic boards. Proposed method comprises making initial mix containing ceramic sand with grain size not exceeding 2 mm, preferably smaller than 1.2 mm, binder and filler, settling said mix onto temporary substrate for vacuum compaction, drying and annealing. Said binder consists of water dispersion of silicon oxide colloid, referred to as silica sol, mixed with organic binder selected from water solution of polyvinyl alcohol, water soluble cellulose, or sugar. Said filler represents mineral powders selected from feldspars, nephelines, syenites mixed with clays and/or kaolin. Note here that, after annealing, said powder produce solid ceramic matrix. |
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Ceramic mass for brick production Brick contains refractory clay, quartzites. At the same time ceramic mass additionally contains liquid potassium glass and spongolite at the following ratio of components, wt %: refractory clay 76.8-82.7; quartzites 15.0-20.0; liquid potassium glass 0.2-0.3; spongolite 2.0-3.0. |
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Crude mixture for making facing tiles Invention relates to production of facing tiles. The crude mixture for making facing tiles contains coal ash and glass cutting mud, with the following ratio of components, wt %: coal ash 49.0-51.0; glass cutting mud 49.0-51.0. |
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Wollastonite-based ceramic mixture Invention relates to the ceramic industry and more specifically to making wollastonite-based lining for assemblies and foundry equipment for metallurgy of aluminium alloys. The ceramic mixture contains wollastonite, oxalic acid and water, with the following ratio of components in wt %: wollastonite 38-42; oxalic acid 2-5; water - the rest. Wollastonite contains a 70-100 mcm or 100-200 mcm or 200-300 mcm monofraction. |
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Crude mixture for making facing tiles Invention relates to production of facing tiles. The crude mixture for making facing tiles contains the following components in wt %: coal ash 49.0-51.0, dry sludge, glass cuttings 49.0-51.0. The crude mixture is moistened to moisture content of 9-11%, pressed under pressure of 20 MPa and roasted at temperature 630-660°C. |
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Method of producing glass-ceramite Invention relates to production of glass-ceramite used for external and internal facing of walls of buildings and other structures. The method of producing glass-ceramite involves preparing and batching crude components, mixing said components, moulding a substrate from the obtained mixture, forming a decorative layer on the substrate and roasting. The substrate is moulded from a mixture which contains the following in wt %: crushed glass 45.0-50.0; clay 10.0-15.0; pearlite 35.0-45.0. Pearlite is first expanded and saturated with 3-5% solutions of cobalt, nickel, manganese or copper nitrate solutions and dried to moisture content of not more than 9%. The decorative layer is obtained by surface glasing the roasted substrate until formation of a glass film. |
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Method involves preparation of a bulk that is a mineral binding additive - zeolite rock, implying drying thereof at temperature 110-150°C and crushing to the size 0.5 mm and less, slip-process preparation of a fluidising agent by the combined wet ground of said zeolite rock to sieve residue 0088 no more than 2-3% in a ball grinder with adding calcium lignosulphonate (sulphite waste liquor) to produce zeolite-lignosulphonate slurry of density 1.20-1.25 g/cm3, plasticisation of cindery microspheres with the prepared slurry, mixing of a dry binding additive with plasticised microspheres, dry pressing of the products under pressure 20-25 MPa and baking of the half-finished product at temperature 980±20°C. The composition for manufacturing the ceramic material contains the components in the ratio, wt %: cindery microspheres 60-95, zeolite rock 5-40 wt %, zeolite-lignosulphonate slurry 12-16 over 100 %. |
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Raw mixture for preparing light tone engobe for wall ceramics Raw mixture relates to compositions for making engobed ceramics. The said technical outcome is achieved due to that, the light tone engobe raw mixture contains (in wt %): microsilica 84.4-87.8; crushed spent carbon lining of electrolysis cells in aluminium production 11.3-12.7; Tayga detergent 0.9-2.9. |
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Raw mixture for making ceramic objects Invention relates to production of ceramic objects for construction purposes and can be used in making bricks, building tiles, roofing tiles, large-sized wall blocks, paving objects. The raw mixture for making ceramic construction objects contains natural sand, blast-furnace and/or steel-smelting slag, where SiO2 content in the mixture lies between 70 and 85%, with the following ratio of components, wt %: natural sand - 60 to 80; blast-furnace slag - 0 to 40; steel-smelting slag - 0 to 40; soluble glass - 0 to 5. The method of making ceramic construction objects from the said raw mixture involves preparation of the raw mixture, moulding objects and calcination. The raw mixture undergoes combined grinding to particle size of 20 to 50 mcm. Moulding is done at pressure ranging from 35 to 150 MPa, and calcination is done in the following procedure: raising temperature to 500°C at a rate of 150 to 200°C/hour, then to 1050 to 1150°C at a rate of 65 to 150°C/hour, maintaining temperature of 1150°C for 1 to 2 hours, and then cooling at a rate of 100 to 150°C/hour. |
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Method of obtaining wollastonite-based ceramic products Invention relates to technology of manufacturing constructional ceramic elements of accessories of aluminium industry founding units. Claimed method includes preparing of water slip by simultaneous milling of natural wollastonite, kaolin, clay with addition of water, liquid glass and calcined soda, formation of products, drying and burning. In slip additionally introduced is 3-15 mm long silica-alumina fibre in amount 5.0-10.0% of slip weight. Formation of products is realised by method of slip casting into porous forms. |
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Method of manufacturing oversize unburnt fire-resistant ceramoconcrete products used in metallurgy industry, in particular - 4÷6 m long solid-cast tuyeres for top blow of inert gases through steel as contained in the pouring ladle. The proposed method envisages preparation of a cementing suspension, its stabilisation and mixture with a filler by way of the suspension introduction into the filler bulk until the mixture ratio optimisation. Then one performs vibration compaction of original raw elements whose size is smaller than that of the finished product. After the compaction the raw elements are joined together to fit the parametres specified and dried. Before joining and drying the contacting surfaces of the raw elements are pre-treated with a compound prepared as based on the cementing substance. The original raw elements as having been moulded are joined together by way of concreting proceeding as a result of the original raw elements exposure to a specific static pressure of 0.02÷0.5 MPa, the raw material moisture content being equal to 6÷9%. It is preferable that the original raw elements be joined while in the vertical position placed one on another with serves to improve the operation effectiveness and enhance the product concreting effect. |
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Method for production of ceramic products Method for production of ceramic products includes preparation of moulding mass from main group rocks as filler and binder, moulding of products from prepared moulding mass and their thermal treatment. Binder is produced by mixing of 80÷95 wt % of filler from main group rocks with particle size 50÷500 mcm and humidity of not more than 5% with 5÷20 wt % of phosphoric acid with density of 1.50÷1.85 g/cm3. Moulding mass is prepared by soaking of prepared mixture at temperature of 10÷30°C for 24÷72 hours, and thermal treatment is carried out at temperature of 100÷300°C. It is reasonable to mold products by means of hot pressing with force from 10 to 500 kg/cm2. Mixing of filler and phosphoric acid is carried out for 30÷90 minutes. |
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Method for production of ceramic products based on wollastonite Method includes preparation of aqueous slip by means of simultaneous crushing of natural wollastonite, kaolin, clay with addition of water, liquid glass and soda ash, at the following ratio of components in slip, wt %: wollastonite 75-80, kaolin 12-15, clay 8-10, liquid glass and soda ash (introduced in slip as stabilisers) 0.3 and 0.2 accordingly, at slip humidity of 29-30 wt %, moulding of products by slip casting into porous molds, drying and baking. Slip additionally contains foamed vermiculite with grain composition of 0.6-2.5 mm in amount of 2.0-3.0% from slip weight. |
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Present invention pertains to compositions of ceramic mixtures for making components of furnaces and thermal generating units. The ceramic mixture contains refractory clay, alumina, chamotte, caustic magnesite and mullite, with the following ratio of components, in wt %: refractory clay - 15.0-17.0; alumina - 35.0-39.0; chamotte - 23.0-25.0; caustic magnesite - 6.0-8.0; mullite 15.0-17.0. |
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Low density ceramic proppant and method of preparation thereof Invention refers to oil and gas industry and can be used for gain in oil and gas recovery, specifically using hydraulic fracturing technology. Low-density ceramic proppant consists of light agent and binding ceramic material. Light agent is as follows: vermiculite, perlite, hydromicas, natural zeolites, aggloporite, and claydite. |
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Ceramic mass for production of parts of electrotechnical and radiotechnical devices Invention relates to compositions of ceramic mass which can be used for manufacturing parts of electrotechnical and radiotechnical devices. Ceramic mass for manufacturing parts of electrotechnical and radiotechnical devices contains quartz, β-wollastonite, pearlite, nepheline-syenite, hydromica, asbestine and caustic magnesite, with following component ratio, wt %: quartz -5.0-10.0; β-wollastonite - 35.0-40.0; pearlite - 3.0-5.0; nepheline, syenite - 3.0-5.0; hydromica - 27.0-34.0; asbestine - 10.0-15.0; caustic magnesite - 3.0-5.0. |
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Alumosilicon composition for propant production Invention relates to technology of production of ceramic granulated materials and can be used for production of wedging agents, i.e. propants for needs of oil and gas industries. Alumosilicon composition for propant production includes preliminary thermo-modified kaolin with the following ratio of composition components, weight %: thermo-modified kaolin 50-90; additive 10-50, the ratio Al2O3 : SiO2 in the composition being not less than 0.75. As thermo-modified kaolin used is powder with the average grain size of main fraction not greater than 20 mcm, which contains not less than 37 weight % mullite and is obtained by grinding granules formed from the mixture of the following composition, weight %: kaolin 80-85, mullite-siliceous ceramics 5-10; talc 3-7; plastic fire-proof clay 3-7, dried at temperature of 550-700°C and burned at temperature of 1360-1440°C. Additive to thermo-modified kaolin is mixture of kaolin, mullite-siliceous ceramics and plastic fire-proof clay, with their following ratio, weight %: kaolin 27.5-50; mullite-siliceous ceramics 5.0-60; plastic fire-proof clay 12.5-45. |
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Invention pertains to the technology of silicates and relates to ceramic mixtures for making bricks, used in construction. The ceramic mixture consists of the following components with the given mass percentages: 25-30% quartzite; 3-5% alumina; 0.01-0.02% technical lignosulphonate; clay constitutes the remaining percentage. |
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Invention pertains to the technology of silicates and relates to ceramic mixtures, which can be used for making electric-grade and building ceramics. The ceramic mixture consists of the following mass percentages: 8-12% quartz; 28-32% wallastonite; 18-22% pearlite; 8-12% nepheline-syenite; 14-18% mica; 10-12% zircon; 2-4% asbestine. |
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Invention relates to compositions of materials that can be used in manufacturing external facing of buildings. Proposed decorative-facing material comprises ground glass, ash, caustic magnesite and metallurgic slag in the following ratio of components, wt.-%: ground glass, 40.0-50.0; metallurgic slag, 5.0-15.0; ash, 36.0-40.0, and caustic magnesite, 3.5-5.0. Decorative-facing material comprises additionally a dye in the amount 2.0-4.0 wt.-% of the following composition, wt.-%: iron minimum, 40.0-60.0, and ocher, 40.0-60.0. |
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Raw mixture for manufacture of the wall ash-ceramic articles The invention presents the raw mixture, which is pertaining to the compositions for manufacture of the wall ash-ceramic articles. The raw mixture used for manufacture of the wall ash-ceramic articles contains the micro-silica and ash. At that in the capacity of the ash use the ash produced at burning in the furnaces with the fluidized bed of the sand of the dehydrated deposits of the sewage disposal plants of the timber industry complex enterprises, which are characterized by the specific area of the surface - 115m2/kg in the grain composition of the ash the mass share of the particles of less than 0.14 mm makes 72 % containing in its chemical composition SiO2 making 48.83 %, at the following ratio of the components: the micro-silicon - 30-40 %, the ash produced after burning of the dehydrated deposits of the sewage disposal plants of the industrial timber complex enterprises - 60-70 %. The technical result of the invention is the increase of the strength, the frost resistance and the factor of the design quality at reduction of the temperature of the ash-ceramic articles calcination. |
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Claimed mass includes (mass %): perlite 60-64; water 5-7; liquid glass 11-17; clay 10-14; phosphogypsum 2.5-3.5; apatite 2.5-3.5. |
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Raw mix and a method of manufacturing ceramic articles Invention relates to wall ceramic articles used in construction. Raw mix is prepared from following components, wt %: microsilica 50.9-70.5, thermally treated loamy soil 20.4-26.1, carbon-containing aluminum production waste (electrofilter dust) 9.1-13.0. After that, mix is molded, dried, fired 875°C and 950°C, and moistened. Prior to introduced into mix, carbonized loamy soil is disintegrated an subjected to heat treatment at 500°C. |
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Raw mix and a method of manufacturing face ceramic articles Raw mix is prepared from following components, wt %: microsilica 26.12-28.70, flue ash from combustion of brown coals 48.50-53.28, spills produced during crushing of spent carbon lining of electrolyzers 4.10-11.20, and detergent "Taiga" 0.81-2.24. After that, mix is molded, dried, and fired at 1000°C. Fired articles are further held in water over a 48 h period. |
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Method of manufacturing products based on silica-containing binder Invention relates to manufacture of a variety of different-destination building products such as bricks, wall blocks, footway materials, face wall and floor tiles as well as various heat-insulation and structural heat-insulation units like slabs, blocks, shells, and segments showing elevated strength and heat-insulation characteristics based on silica-containing binder using non-expensive mineral raw material and production wastes. Method involves preparing silica-containing binder with density 1.1-2.1 g/cc from mixture composed of inorganic bonding material, silica-containing component, and water under vigorous stirring in high-speed mixer at stirring speed 1500-2500 rpm, stirred particle vibration frequency2000-35000 Hz, and heating to 80-90°C followed by cooling at stirring with speed 40-100 rpm for 10-12 h to 15-25°C. Preparation of molding blend is accomplished by blending 9.0-13.5% of silica-containing binder with silica-containing aggregate, homogenizing the blend, and heat treatment of molded products at 400-950°C. When combustible aggregates are used heat treatment is carried out at 90°C. |
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Raw mixture for making wall ceramic article Invention proposes a raw mixture and composites for making wall ceramic articles. Proposed raw mixture for making wall ceramic articles comprises as raw components microsilica from manufacture of crystalline silicon, fly ash after combustion of brown coals, spills after crushing the depleted coal fettling of electrolyzers and detergent "Taiga" taken in the following ratio of components, wt.-%: microsilica, 30.4-31.0; fly ash, 56,3-57.5; spills after crushing the depleted coal fettling of electrolyzers, 8.8-9.0, and detergent "Taiga", 2.7-4.3. Invention provides enhancing strength and resistance to cold, decreasing shrinkage and the roasting point. |
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Raw materials mixture for production of wall ceramic products The invention is pertaining to the field of construction industry, in particular, to production raw materials mixture for production of wall ceramic products. The technical result of the invention is an increased frost resistance of the products at reduction of a shrinkage and temperatures of the material roasting. The raw materials mixture contains (in mass %): microsilica of production of crystalline silicon - 30.43-31.82, a fly ash from incineration of brown coals - 56.52-59.09 and a prorash from bucking of the spent carbon lining of electrolytic baths - 9.09-13.04. |
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Raw mixture for production of wall ceramic articles Claimed mixture contains as starting components (mass %) microsilica from crystal silicium production 51.9-52.9; fly ash from brown coal combustion 43.3-42.4; electrostatic cleaner from aluminum production 0.9-1.0, and detergent 2.9-4.7. |
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Refractory foamed carbon-containing material Invention relates to manufacturing light porous carbon-containing refractory materials. Invention proposes material showing inorganic cellular structure prepared by foaming and hardening the slip composition prepared from ground charge with a gas-forming agent - finely divided crystalline silicon mixed with water glass in the following mass ratios of components in the slip composition: water glass : silicon = (3-6):1 and charge : water glass = (1.0-1.5):1. Charge comprises components in the following ratio, mas. p. p.: mineral filling agent, 45-53; calcined shungite, 15-22; aluminum powder, 10-15. Quartz sand, quartzite, perlite, vermiculite, dinas, cement fly ash and slags are used as a mineral filling agent, Foamed material comprises 12-20 wt.-% of silicon carbide and 25-51 wt.-% of kyanite prepared by exothermic reaction at 1400-1700°C carrying out in volume of hardened porous material. Material shows porosity 60-81% and heat conductivity 0.08-0.18 Wt/m x K at 20°C and shows high mechanical indices and stability in oxidizing medium. Material can be prepared without large energy and labor consumptions. |
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Raw material mixture and method of manufacture of ceramic materials of high-porous structure Proposed mixture includes the following components, mass-%: microsilica, 8.06-8.31; fly ash, 56.30-58.20; aluminum powder, 0.40-0.42; detergent, 0.40-0.42; carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.81-0.98; calcium chloride, 0.17-0.19; water, 32.20-33.54. Method of manufacture of ceramic materials of high-porous structure includes preparation of mixture, molding, vibration bulging, drying at temperature of 100°C and roasting at temperature 900°C. |
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Raw mixture and method of producing cellular ceramic materials Raw mixture comprises, in mass%, 8.81-9.37 of micro-silicon dioxide, 50.0-53.3 of ash-priming, 3.12-8.6 of carbon lining, 0.06-0.072 of aluminum powder, 0.02-0.31 of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 33.8-35.07 of water. The method comprises preparing the mixture, molding, swelling by vibration, drying at a temperature of 100°C, and roasting at a temperature 800°C. |
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Raw mixture and method for making wall ceramic article Invention is designated for manufacturing wall ceramic articles. The raw mixture comprises the following components in the ratio, wt.-%: microsilica in manufacturing crystalline silicon, 33.9-54.5; ash fly after combustion of brown coals, 44.5-63.5, and electrofilter dust in basic manufacturing aluminum, 1.0-2.6. Electrofilter dust represents brown color waste and comprises calcium, magnesium and aluminum fluorides, cryolite and organic substances. Method involves preparing the charge, molding, drying, roasting at 800°C and moistening ready articles by keeping in water for 24 h. Invention provides enhancing resistance to cold, reducing average density and roasting temperature of material. |
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Raw mix and a method for manufacturing wall ceramics Raw mix contains 52. 7-56.3% of microsilica, 42.5-46.5% of flue ash, and 0.8-1.2% of electrofilter dust from original aluminum production. Wall ceramic products comprises preparation of blend, molding, drying, and firing at 800°C, and additional steaming of fired products. |
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Raw mix for manufacture of wall ceramics Raw mix contains 50.69-51.4% of flue ash from brown coal combustion, 41.17-42.06% of microsilica from crystalline silicon production, and 6.54-7.84% of electrofilter dust from aluminum production. |
Another patent 2513072.