Water injection system of axial multistage compressor

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: water injection system of an axial multistage compressor, having tubes and outlet channels, further comprises a fairing, in this case the fairing is located in the area of the front edge of each guide blade of the axial multistage compressor with a possibility to form a slot-type channel. Each tube is positioned in a longitudinal cavity formed in the area of the front edge of the indicated blade, and has holes made by the blade height to provide a uniform vapour flow by the section of an air flow, and outlet channels are made at the front edge of each indicated blade, in this case the slot-type channel, and the outlet channels are designed in each guide blade of the axial multistage compressor with a possibility to provide a nonseparated water flow and air flow. In addition, each tube has a heat-protective material.

EFFECT: development of the water injection system of the axial multistage compressor without causing the additional hydraulic and wave losses, that doesn't require high degree of water purification.

2 cl, 1 dwg

The invention relates to a stationary gas turbine units (SSTU), having in its composition a multistage axial compressor, and can be used in power industry, gas stations, ground and marine vehicles.

Consumed by the compressor power is directly proportional to the flow rate G, the initial temperature T and the heat capacity C_pair also depends on the compression ratio π_to, figure isentropic compression k and isentropic efficiency η_from.

Known systems water injection multistage axial compressor (Sereda S.O., Gelmedov FS, sachkova N.G. estimates of the change in the characteristics of multistage axial compressor under the influence of evaporation of water in its flow part) / / thermal engineering. 2004. No. 1, p.60-65; Sereda C.O., Gelmedov FS, Montanov I.G. Experimental study of the effect of water injection into the input channel of the multi-stage compressor characteristics // thermal engineering, 2004, №5, p.66-71). Although changes in the main characteristics (capacity, compression efficiency of the compressor, the specific fuel consumption) SSTU was ambiguous, it was expected that the power and the useful power turbine plant will grow. By reducing the temperature of the medium (air-steam mixture) at a certain cost of water power to drive the compressor which could decline, this of course would increase the effective capacity SSTU for performing mechanical work. Additionally, the decrease of temperature at the inlet to the compressor should cause an increase in the density of the medium, which (similar to the effects of ambient temperature) leads to increase the total capacity of SSTU.

(Grigorian P.P., salkind VI, Zeigarnik Y.A. Ivanov, P.P., Murfin S.A., Lower V.L. behaviors of the liquid phase in high-speed compressors conversion of gas turbine plants, their impact on performance and efficiency in a "wet" compression // thermal engineering. 2007. No. 4, p.55-62) it is found experimentally that injected in the inlet section of the compressor water drops when the compression speed in the sediment, which, being carried away into rotational motion in the interscapular channels of the compressor, experiencing the action of the centrifugal force, forms a layer of liquid film in the radial clearance of rotor blades of the compressor.

Liquid solid film has a small surface area of an interface. In these conditions, even under favorable conditions (temperature rise during compression) further evaporation is hindered. The characteristic times of stay of the steam-air mixture in the path of the multistage compressor complete evaporation of the formed film of water does not occur. For this reason, the system is we water injection in secondary and high pressure (Anurov, Y.M., Peganov, A., Skvortsov V., Berkovich A.L., Polishchuk VG Computational investigation of the effect of water injection on the characteristics of the compressor of the gas turbine engine GT-009 // thermal engineering. 2006. No. 12, s-24) deserve special attention.

Known injection system water mist multistage axial compressor by RF patent for useful model №95764, IPC F04D 19/02, F04D 29/00, 10.07.2010.

Injection of water mist is suggested through the system of inkjet nozzles, made in the thread, installed perpendicular to the flow in increments of not more than 100 mm.

The authors are well-known system of water injection is considered that the maximum water evaporation can be achieved with a uniform filling of the entire volume of medium fine drops, and provide evaluation guidelines for choosing temperature (200...250°C) of injected water, and the water temperature is not linked to the local pressure and temperature environment.

The closest technical solution to the claimed utility model is a system of water mist injection multistage axial compressor by RF patent for useful model №72514, IPC F04D 19/02, F04D 29/00, 20.04.2008 with pipes and exhaust ports.

Injection of water mist is produced through a system of inkjet nozzles, made in the thread, and to ensure uniform filling of the flow area of concentration is the situation of water droplets on the height of the blades serves the angle of injection to be changed in the range from 110 to 180 degrees.

The main disadvantage of the known technical solutions is that the structural elements of system of injection of water located in the stream, causing additional hydraulic losses, and are also sources of wave losses in blade rows of the following steps below for the stream.

A disadvantage of the known fuel injection system is also an increased requirement for water purification.

The task, which is aimed by the invention is the development of a system of water injection multistage axial compressor, not causing additional hydraulic and wave loss, and do not require a high degree of water purification.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the water injection multistage axial compressor with tube and outlet channels, according to the claimed invention further comprises a fairing, the fairing is located in the region of the leading edge of each blade of the guide vane axial multistage compressor with the possibility of formation of gap junction channel, each tube is located in the longitudinal cavity made in the area of the front edge of the specified blade, and has the holes drilled in the height of the blades with the possibility of providing a uniform flow of vapor cross-sectional area of air flow, and vypusknica performed on the front edge of each of the specified blade this slotted channel and outlet channels are made in each blade of the guide vane axial multistage compressor with the possibility of irrevocable water flow and air flow. Each tube has a heat-shielding material.

The invention is illustrated by figure 1, which depicts the proposed system of water injection multistage axial compressor.

Figure 1 digits displayed:

1 - fairing vanes of the guide vane axial multistage compressor

2 - exhaust ports on the front edge of the vanes of the guide vane,

3 - slotted channel,

4 - tube for supplying water,

5 - heat the material

6 is a longitudinal cavity vanes of the guide vane,

7 - the holes drilled in the tube at the height of the scapula.

The water injection multistage axial compressor has a tube 4 for water supply and discharge channels 2.

The difference between the proposed system of water injection is that it further comprises a Radome 1, while the fairing is located in the region of the leading edge of each blade of the guide vane axial multistage compressor (stationary or rotatable guide vanes stages of the multistage compressor) with the possibility of formation of gap junction channel 3.

Each pipe is and 4 is located in the longitudinal cavity 6, made in the anterior edges of the specified blade.

Each tube has 4 holes 7 made at the height of the blades with the possibility of providing a uniform flow of vapor cross-sectional area of air flow.

Each tube 4 has a heat-shielding material 5.

The discharge channel 2 is performed on the leading edge of each of the specified blade.

Slotted channel 3 and the discharge channels 2 made in each blade of the guide vane axial multistage compressor (stationary or rotatable guide vanes stages of the multistage compressor) with the possibility of irrevocable water flow and air flow.

Water injection is carried out as follows.

The flow of the hot water is carried out with the tube 4 located in the longitudinal cavity 6 in the height of the vanes of the guide vane.

To reduce the number of summed warmth in the structural elements of the vanes of the guide vane surface of the tube 4 may be covered with heat-insulating material 5.

Tube 4 in the height of the vanes of the guide vane has a number of holes 7. Holes 7 provide a uniform flow of vapor in the cross section of the air flow (in this case precluded the longitudinal flow of steam-water mixture in the longitudinal cavity 6 in the height of the vanes of the guide vane, and the resulting Provost what's mixture in the interscapular channels).

The total cross section of the holes 7 in the hundreds of times less than the total cross-section of the holes of the exhaust channel 2, as well as sections of narrow channels 3 formed by the surfaces of the profile (front edge) of the guide vanes and deflectors 1. Therefore, the main pressure drop is implemented in the holes 7 of the tube 4.

The space between the tube 4 and the longitudinal cavity 6 is filled with two-phase steam-water mixture with a pressure almost equal to the local value of pressure p_j. Complete evaporation of the hot water does not occur due to the rapid decrease in temperature, while the warmth of the water evaporates - phase transition of water in the regime of explosive boiling. The temperature of the resulting steam-water mixture is significantly lower local temperature of the air flow. Hot water at the outlet of the discharge channel 2 to the surface of the guide vanes evaporates uniform mixing water vapor with the main flow occurs at small distances in a turbulent flow.

After steam-water mixture is in slot channels 3 with a small difference, therefore, with a small velocity tangent to the surfaces of the vanes of the guide vane.

Thereby eliminates the gap blown flow, is achieved by the gas-dynamic resistance of the film. PR is these conditions by reducing the coefficient of friction results in minimal hydraulic losses.

So, to reduce the power of compressed air consumed multistage axial compressor, you must:

- supply of the hot water into the air stream to carry out on the front edge of the guide vanes multistage axial compressor;

- water injection should be carried out at a temperature of saturation corresponding to the sum of the local values of pressure and pressure drop in the nozzles respectively, whose role in the proposed system injection system performs holes 7 of the tube 4, the supply of heated water;

- supply of hot water should be on the tube 4 located in the longitudinal cavity 6, executed at the height of the blades and having an outer heat-shielding coating 5.

Due to partial evaporation of the hot water space between the tube 4 and the longitudinal walls of the cavity 6, is filled with two-phase steam-water mixture with a pressure almost equal to the local value of pressure p_jwith a temperature significantly below the local temperature of the air flow, thereby implemented favorable conditions for the reduction of the working (steam-air) environment of the compressor.

The flow of steam-water mixture having a temperature below the temperature of the air flow occurs in delavau channel 3 formed between the surface profile (front edge) of blades direction of the Commissioner of the apparatus and fairing 1, under a small drop, resulting in stability of the veil, reduces hydraulic losses in turbulent flow the subsequent stage is complete mixing of the steam and water curtains with the main (air) flow with the formation of vapor flow from a lower temperature.

Thus, in the proposed system of water injection multistage axial compressor there are no structural elements located in the stream that does not cause additional hydraulic and wave losses, thus reducing power consumed by the compressor power required to compress air. In addition, in the injection system does not require a high degree of water purification.

1. The water injection multistage axial compressor with tube and outlet channels, characterized in that it further comprises a fairing, the fairing is located in the region of the leading edge of each blade of the guide vane axial multistage compressor with the possibility of formation of gap junction channel, each tube is located in the longitudinal cavity made in the area of the front edge of the specified blade, and has the holes drilled in the height of the blades with the possibility of providing a uniform flow of vapor cross-sectional area of air flow, and exhaust ports are made on the front is the movie each of the specified blade this slotted channel and outlet channels are made in each blade of the guide vane axial multistage compressor with the possibility of irrevocable water flow and air flow.

2. The water injection multistage axial compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that each tube has a heat-shielding material.