Pilot signals for use in multi-sector cells

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to communication engineering and can be used in wireless communication systems. Pilot signals in different sectors are transmitted at different known power levels. In adjacent sectors a pilot signal is transmitted while no pilot signal is transmitted in the adjoining sector. This represents transmission of a NULL pilot signal. A cell NULL is also supported, wherein NULL pilot signals are transmitted to each sector of a cell at the same time. Multiple pilot signal measurements are made. At least two channel quality indicator values are generated from measurements corresponding to at least two pilot signals of different power levels. The two values are transmitted back to the base station which uses both values to determine the transmission power required to achieve a desired SNR at the wireless terminal. The wireless terminal also reports information indicating its location to a sector boundary.

EFFECT: enabling pilot signal transmission for use in a multi-sector cell.

7 cl, 20 dwg

The technical field to which the invention relates

The present invention is aimed at providing wireless communication systems, more specifically to provide methods and devices for transmitting pilot signals in a multi-sector cell, for example cell synchronized with the sector gear.

The level of technology

In the wireless communication system, for example a cellular communication system, the channel conditions are an important consideration in the operation of a wireless system. In the wireless communication system, a base station (BS) communicates with multiple wireless terminals (BT), such as mobile nodes. Because the wireless terminal is moved to different positions within the cell of the base station, the condition of the wireless channel between the base station and the wireless terminal may change, for example, due to varying levels of noise and interference. Noise and interference experienced by the receiver of the wireless terminal may include background noise, intrinsic noise and cross-sector interference. Background noise can be classified as independent from the level of the transmit power of the base station. However, intrinsic noise and cross-sector interference depend on the level of transmission power of the base station, for example the transmit power in one or several sectors.

One of the methods used is the most commonly to assess the conditions of the communication channel, is the transmission of the base station pilot signals, which signals are typically transmitted on a small share of resource transfer and, as a rule, consisting of a known (predetermined) symbols transmitted with only a constant power level. Wireless terminal measures the pilot signals and informs the BS in the form of scalar relations, such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or an equivalent metric. When the noise/interference does not depend on the transmitted signal, for example, the background noise is dominant and the contribution of noise and cross-sector interference is negligible, so the only scalar indicator is sufficient for the BS to predict how the received SNR in the wireless terminal will change when the power signal transmission. Then the base station may determine the minimum power level required to achieve an acceptable received SNR on the wireless terminal used for a particular coding scheme with error correction and modulation. However, when the total noise/interference includes a significant component that depends on the transmission power of the signal, such as a cross-sector interference from the transmissions of the base station in the neighboring sectors, the most commonly used technique to obtain the SNR of the pilot signals of the same constant level m is snasti is insufficient. In this case, information such as SNR, obtained at a single power level by means of this commonly used method is insufficient and inadequate for the BS in order to accurately predict the received SNR in BT as a function of transmit power signal. Should be developed for more information quality channel, collected by the wireless terminal and relayed to the base station so that the base station could solve the functional relationship relating to the received SNR of the wireless terminal with the power level of the transmission signal of the base station. Receiving such a function for a communication channel of the wireless terminal, the scheduler of the base station, knowing the acceptable level of the received SNR for a particular coding rate, code error correction and modulation, can effectively allocate segments of the wireless terminal in the channel with a corresponding power level, thus achieving an acceptable SNR, limiting wasted transmission capacity and/or reducing the full levels of interference.

On the basis of the above discussion it is obvious that there is a need, especially in the case of multi-sector wireless communication systems, new devices and ways of measuring the quality of the channel, estimates and reports, which will provide basic article is nciu sufficient information to obtain the SNR of the signal of the wireless terminal as a function of transmitter power of the base station. In addition, to support improved and/or more diverse quality measurement channel are desired new templates pilot signal sequence and/or the transmit power levels of the pilot signal, which will facilitate the analysis of noise and interference from other sectors of the cell.

Disclosure of invention

Described improved sequence of the pilot signal, which facilitate numerous quality measurement channel, for example, by using different transmit power levels of the pilot signal. In various embodiments, implementation of the transmitted sequence of the pilot signal to facilitate determination of the contribution of the interference from other sectors of the cell, using the same colours, for example, a synchronized way as the sector in which the measured pilot signal.

In cases where different sectors are transmitted to the tone, at the same time, using approximately the same power, signals from other sectors, although they are a hindrance, can be considered as being similar or the same as their own noise, since the transmit power is influenced by the amount of noise, which will encounter in the sector.

To measure the noise contributions from the adjacent sectors, pass a NULL pilot signal sector, for example, the pilot signal with zero power in adjacent the sector, and at the same time transmit a pilot signal with a pre-selected, and therefore known, non-zero transmission power sector, performing the measurement of the received pilot signal. To facilitate measurement of background noise, the ZERO cell support in some versions of the implementation. In the case of ZERO cells, all sectors of a cell transmit zero pilot-signal tone, which is used to measure background noise. Since the cell does not transmit any power on tone during the measurement, any measured signal tone is related to noise, such as background noise, which may include interference between cells.

The sequence of the pilot signal and the measurement signal of the present invention provide mechanisms that allow a wireless terminal (BT), and BS that receives feedback information about the channel conditions from BT, to predict the SNR of the reception of the downward communication line to BT as a function of the transmission power of the signal in the presence of dependent signal noise. Feedback from specific BT in accordance with the invention typically includes at least two values of the quality indicator channel for BT as opposed to a single SNR value, and each of the two values of the quality indicator channel is produced using various functions. One of the Vuh functions generating the value of the quality indicator channel has a first measurement of the pilot signal, the corresponding received pilot signal having the first known transmit power, as input. The second of the two functions generating the value of the quality indicator channel has as input the second measurement pilot signal corresponding to another of the received pilot signal, knowing a second transmission power, which is different from the first known transmit power. Each of the first and second function generating the value of the quality indicator channel, which can be implemented as software modules or hardware-based schemes, may also have additional inputs, and not just mentioned.

Feedback from individual BT, which includes at least two values of the quality indicator channel for BT, which are generated using different functions, enables a base station (BS) to transmit to different vehicles with different, for example, the minimum capacity of the signal depending on the respective SNR required at the receiver. Full power transmitted by the BS, usually known or fixed, but the proportion allocated to different BT may be different, may vary in time. In the receiver BT dependence of the total noise as a function of the received signal power can be modeled by a straight line, called the characteristic line noise", in the present invented the I. Because of the characteristic line noise usually does not pass through the origin, a single scalar parameter is not enough to describe this line. Requires at least two parameters to determine this line.

The base station transmits pilot signals on the downlink. In accordance with the invention, by transmitting pilot signals of different intensity levels can be determined characteristic line noise for the wireless terminal. Usually the first pilot signal is passed from the first power level to get the first point and the second pilot signal with the second transmit power level different from the first power level to obtain a second data point. The second power level may be zero in some embodiments, implementation. The above scheme of the pilot signal can be used in a cell that uses Omni-directional antenna, that is, a cell with only one sector.

The invention additionally determines the SNR as a function of the transmission power of the signal in sectorsource cellular environment. In the same way sectorization each of the different sectors of a cell can use all or almost all of the resource transfer (e.g., frequency range) for transmission in each of the sectors. The total power transmitted from each sector, usually fixed the van or known, but different BT can receive signals with different power. As the isolation between sectors is imperfect, the signals transmitted in one sector may become noise (disturbance) for other sectors. In addition, if each of the sectors is limited by the transfer of an identical or nearly identical signal power (or transmit power in fixed proportions across sectors) with a given degree of freedom (e.g., time interval), the interference from other sectors on BT in a given sector has the characteristics of dependent signal noise or noise. This is especially true when the interference from other sectors is scaled with the power of the signal, which takes place in the embodiment, in which the various sectors is limited by the transfer of an identical or proportional to the power with a given degree of freedom, such as tones in the system multiple access OFDM.

In accordance with the invention, a conventional pilot signals with different pre-defined and known levels of intensity transfer from the base station to the wireless terminal, to characterize the dependence of the total noise in the BT from the power signal BS at BT. Different sectors can be and often are controlled to transmit at least some of the pilot signals in the same manner and at the same time. The discrepancies between the different sectors often operate, to use different pre-defined levels of transmission power for a pilot signal transmitted on tone in each of the sectors. For example, tone 1 at the time T1, the first sector can manage to transmit the pilot signal with the first power level, while the neighboring sector is controlled to transmit at the same time T1, the pilot signal with a second power level for tone 1, and the second power level different from the first power level.

According to one variant of implementation of this invention, a zero pilot signals of the cell is used together with conventional pilot signals to characterize the dependence of the total noise in the BT from the power signal received by the BS on this BT. Zero pilot signals cells are resources downlink (degrees of freedom), where none of the sectors of the cell does not transmit any power. The noise measured on these degrees of freedom, provides an estimate independent of the signal from the noise in the BT. Common pilot signals (or simply "pilots") are resources (degrees of freedom), where each sector of a cell transmits a known characters using fixed or pre-defined capacities. The noise measured on the pilot signals, thus, includes intersector interference and provides an estimate of the total noise, including dependent signal is La noise.

One of the features of the invention refers to the concept of "zero pilot signal sector. Zero pilot signals of the sector can be used in sectorsource cellular wireless system for estimating noise in BT, for example, when BT is on the boundary of two sectors, and planning between sectors coordinated so that the BT on the border did not receive any interference from another sector. Zero pilot signal of the sector can be resources downlink, when one sector within a cell does not transmit any signal energy, and the remaining or adjacent sector transmit normal, for example non-zero, the pilot signals.

More generally, other types of zero pilot signals sector can be defined where a subset of sectors of a cell does not transmit signals on the resources of the downlink, and the rest of the sector normal transmit pilot signals. In addition, more generally, coordinated planning among sectors may be such that BS reduces (but does not necessarily eliminate) the transmit power for some sectors to reduce interference that BT receives from other sectors. In some cases, the data is transferred to the tone in the sector adjacent to the sector, which transmits a pilot signal tone.

Using different pilot signals normal intensity and/or different types of zero pilot signals, BT can the t to estimate the noise in the receiver as a function of signal power, transferred to this BT in various conditions. The invention also relates to the transfer of this information from BT on the BS to enable the BS to determine the power that must be used to upload on different BT as in the Omni-directional cell and environment sectorsource cells. Unlike the prior art, the information quality of the channel is not a single scalar value, and includes two or more values that can be used to reflect the effects actually the noise and/or cross noise in addition to the background noise.

In the embodiment, the invention is based on OFDM cellular wireless system, pilot signals include well-known characters, which transmit to the base station on certain colours (and at certain times of the symbol) with a constant or predetermined capacity, and zero pilot signals are typically the colours that leave blank, that is, with zero transmission power.

In the embodiment, used in omnidirectional organization antenna, known here as "Omni-directional cell, BT measures the SNR on the colours of the pilot signal, which includes all sources of noise, including noise, which depends on the transmission power of the pilot signal. In addition, BT also measures noise, using the he(s) zero pilot signal of the cell. The ratio of received power of the pilot signal, together with the measurement noise gives the SNR, which is restricted to independent signal noise/interference. BT transmits back to the BS these two SNR values, or some equivalent combination of statistics.

In the embodiment, with sectorsource organization, with directional antennas, sector a single cell is divided into multiple sectors, some or all of which may share the same frequency range (degrees of freedom), corresponding to a frequency reuse of 1. In this situation, in addition to zero pilot signal of a cell, the invention describes the use of a null pilot signals sectors that are present in the subset of sectors, but not in all sectors, and also provides a template for the tones of the pilot signal, such that the zero pilot tone signal in one sector is a time/frequency synchronized with the pilot tone signal in some or all other sectors. This allows BT to measure two or more of the number of signal-to-noise, which includes noise from various combinations of sectors. Reverse line BT reports the set associated with the SNR statistics, which allows the BS to estimate these received levels of SNR on BT as a function of the transmission power of the base stations is. BS uses the reported values of the quality of the channel to determine the power level with which you want to transfer to achieve the desired SNR at BT.

In accordance with the invention, the wireless terminal performs measurements at least two different received pilot signals, which were transmitted with different first and second pre-selected, and, thus, the known power levels. These two power levels can be, for example, a constant non-zero power level and a power level equal to zero, although there are other possible combinations of power level, and is not required to have one power level was zero power level. The value obtained from measurements of the first received pilot signal, process the first function to generate the value of the first quality indicator channel. The second measured signal value obtained by measuring a second received pilot signal processed by the second function that is different from the first function to generate the second value of the quality indicator channel. The first and second values of the quality indicator channel transmit from the wireless terminal to the base station. In some embodiments, the realization that they are transmitted in a single message, while in the other version the x passed in exercise of their individual messages. The value of the quality indicator channel may be, for example, the SNR values or power values. Thus, the first and second values of the quality indicator channel can be both values of SNR, can be both power values or one of them may be the value of the SNR, and the other may be the value of power. Other types of values can also be used as the value of the quality indicator channel with SNR and power values, which are given by way of example.

In some embodiments, the implementation of BT determines its position relative to the boundaries of the sector and reports this status information to the base station. Information provision to inform the base station. Information provisions reported, is usually additional to the two values of the quality indicator channel, and it is sometimes sent as a separate message. However, in some cases, the information provisions passed in the same message, and two values of the quality indicator channel.

Numerous additional features, advantages and embodiments of the methods and devices of the present invention are disclosed in the following detailed description.

List of figures

Figure 1 is a simplified diagram showing the transmitter and receiver used for the disclosure of the present invention.

Figure 2 - rewodina as an example of a wireless cellular communication system.

Figure 3 is an example in which the noise depends on the power of the transmitted signal and which is used for realizing the present invention.

4 is cited as an example of the characteristic line interference, showing the dependence of the received power from full noise, and used for the disclosure of the present invention.

5 is a graph of power vs. frequency corresponding cited as an example of a variant embodiment of the invention illustrating the data tones, non-zero tones of the pilot signal and the zero pilot tone signal.

6 is a graph illustrating the relationship between SNR 1, the received wireless terminal SNR, including dependent signal and independent of signal noise, and SNR 0 adopted wireless terminal SNR, which does not include dependent signal noise, for 3 cases: when the noise is independent of signal, when dependent on signal to noise is equal to the signal and when dependent on signal to noise is less than the signal.

7 is cited as an example the alarm for three variants of implementation of OFDM according to the invention, illustrating a non-null tones of the pilot signal, the colours, the zero pilot signal sector and colours zero pilot signal of the cell in accordance with the invention.

Fig is an example of a tone jump non-zero pilot signals, the zero pilot signal sector and zero pilot signal of the cell in accordance with the invention.

Fig.9 - three case cited as an example of the wireless terminal 3 variants of the implementation of the sector used for the disclosure of the present invention in relation to aspects of the information sector's borders, according to the present invention.

Figure 10 - diagram using 3 types of sectors that can be repeated for the cases with cells comprising more than 3 sectors, in accordance with the present invention.

11 is cited as an example of a communication system implementing the present invention.

Fig is cited as an example of the base station, implemented in accordance with the present invention.

Fig is cited as an example of a wireless terminal implemented in accordance with the present invention.

Fig - stages tones of the pilot signal in multiple sectors of a cell are synchronized manner, in accordance with the present invention.

Fig-17 - cited as an example of the transmission of the pilot tone signal along with the information of the transmission power of the pilot signal in accordance with the present invention.

Fig is a diagram showing the transmission of signals in ten different colours within a single period of the transmission symbol in accordance with the present invention.

Fig is a block diagram illustrating operation given as p is of emer wireless terminal, carrying out the methods of the present invention.

Fig is a block diagram illustrating the work cited as an example of the base station performing the methods of the present invention.

The methods and devices of the present invention are well suited for use in a wireless communications system that uses one or more multi-sector cells. Figure 11 presents cited as an example, the system 1100 is shown with a single cell 1104, but it is obvious that the system may include many such cells 1104, and often includes. Each cell 1104 is divided into a set of N sectors, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. The system 1100 is in the case where each cell 1104 is divided into 3 sectors: the first sector S0 1106, the second sector S1 1108 and the third sector S2 1110. Cell 1104 includes border 1150 sector S2, the boundary 1152 sector S1/S2 and the border 1154 sector S2/S0. The sector boundaries are boundaries where signals from multiple sectors, such as adjacent sectors can be obtained with almost one and the same level, which makes it difficult for the receiver to distinguish between the transmission of the sector in which it is located, and adjacent sectors. In the cell 1104 many leaf nodes (CU), for example, wireless terminals (BT), such as mobile nodes, implementing tlaut communication with the base station (BS) 1102. Cells with two sectors (N=2) and the number of sectors is greater than 3 (N> 3), is also possible. In sector S0 1106 many leaf nodes RL (1) 1116, KU (X) 1118 is connected with the base station 1 1102 via wireless lines 1117, 1119, respectively. In sector S1 1108 many leaf nodes RL (1') 1120, KU (X') 1122 is connected with the base station 1 1102 via wireless lines 1121, 1123, respectively. In sector S2 1110 many leaf nodes KU (1") 1124, KU (X) 1126 is connected with the base station 1 1102 via wireless lines 1125, 1127, respectively. In accordance with the invention, the base station 1102 transmits pilot signals from multiple power levels at KU 1116, 1118, 1120, 1122, 1124, 1126 and has to synchronize transmission of pilot signals of different pre-defined and known levels between the three sectors. In accordance with the invention, the leaf nodes, such as KU (1) 1116, according to feedback information, for example the value of the quality indicator channel to the base station 1102, allowing the base station 1102 to determine the received wireless terminal SNR as a function of the power transmitted base station signal. The base station 1102 is associated with a network node 1112 via a network line 1114 communication. Network node 1112 is associated with other network nodes, such as intermediate nodes, another base station, nodes, AAA nodes, home agent is so, and the Internet via the network line 1129 connection. Network node 1112 provides an interface outside of the cell 1104, so that KU running within cells could communicate with peers outside of the cell 1104. KU in the cell 1104 can move in sectors 1106, 1108, 1110 cell 1104 or can move to another cell corresponding to another base station. Network line 1114 and 1129 connection can be, for example, fiber-optic cables.

On Fig presented here as an example of a base station (BS) 1200 made in accordance with the invention. The base station 1200 is a more detailed view of the base station 1102, shown in the example system 1100 communication 11. The base station 1200 includes sectorsource antenna 1203, 1205, associated with the receiver 1202 and transmitter 1204, respectively. The receiver 1202 includes a decoder 1212, while the transmitter 1204 includes an encoder 1214. The base station 1200 also includes an interface 1208 I / o, CPU, such as CPU, 1206 and memory 1210. The transmitter 1204 is used to transmit the pilot signals in numerous sectors synchronized manner through sectorsource transmitting antenna 1205. The receiver 1202, the transmitter 1204, the processor 1206, the interface 1208 I / o and memory 1210 are connected by a bus 1209, paramoreu the various elements can interchange data and information. Interface 1208 I / o connects the base station 1200 with the Internet and other network nodes.

Memory 1210 includes routines 1218 and data/information 1220. Routine 1218, when executed by a processor 1206, cause the base station 1200 in accordance with the invention. Routine 1218 include routine 1222 communication routine 1260 processing of received signals and routines 1224 control base station. Routine 1260 processing the received signals includes a module 1262 retrieve the value of the quality indicator channel, which retrieves the value of the quality indicator channel from the received signals, such as messages BT, and the module 1264 retrieve status information for extracting the status information from BT received messages. Information provisions in some embodiments, the implementation specifies the position of BT relative to the boundaries of the sector. The extracted values of the indicator of channel quality, such as SNR or capacity, provide routine 1226 computing power transmission for use in calculating the transmission power for signals transmitted by the BT. Routines 1224 base station management include the module 1225 scheduler 1225, the subroutine 1226 computing power transmission and signaling routines 1228, including routine gene is the radio of the pilot signal, and control the flow.

Data/information 1220 include data 1232, information 1234 sequence jump pilot signal and the data/information 1240 wireless terminal. Data 1232 may include data from the decoder 1212 receiver, the data to be passed to the encoder 1214 transmitter, the results of intermediate processing steps, etc. Information 1234 sequence jump pilot signal includes information 1236 power level and tonal information 1238. Information power level determines the levels of power that will be applied to different colours for generating pilot signals of different intensity within the sequence of the jump pilot tone signal in accordance with the invention. These values of the pilot signal, for example a pre-selected fixed value, set to the transmission and is known as the BS 1200 and BT in the cell served by the BS 1200. Tonal information 1238 includes information that determines what colours should be used as pilot tones signal the particular level of intensity, what colours should be zero colours sector and what colours should be zero tones cell in the sequence of jump tones of the pilot signal for each sector for each ID 1246 terminal. Data/information 1240 wireless terminal include sets inform the tion data for each wireless terminal, working within the cell, information 1242 BT 1, information 1254 BT N. Each set of information, for example information 1242 BT 1 includes data 1244, ID 1246 terminal ID 1248 sector, value 1,250 quality indicator channel and information 1252 the position of the boundary sector. Data 1244 include user data received from the BT 1 and user data to be passed to the peer host that communicates with BT 1. ID 1246 terminal constitutes the identification allocated to BT 1, a sequence of jump pilot tone signal comprising pilot signals of different intensity in the predetermined time, generating a base station in accordance with each specific ID 1246 terminal.

ID 1248 sector identifies in which of the three sectors S0, S1, S2, works BT 1. Value 1,250 quality indicator channel includes information provided by BT 1 on the base station messages about the quality of the channel that the base station can be used to calculate expected to be received level SNR BT as a function of the signal strength of the transmission base station. Value 1,250 quality indicator channel receive BT from measurements made BT on pilot signals of different intensity transmitted by the base station, in accordance with the present invention. Information 1252 p is the position of the border sector includes: information, identifying, discovered whether BT that it is near the border of the sector, experiencing high levels of interference, and information that identifies, next to which the sector boundaries is BT. This information is received by or output from the feedback information about the position of the transmitted BT and get BS. Value 1,250 quality indicator channel and information 1252 the position of the boundary sector provide information feedback about the quality of the channel from BT to the base station 1200, providing information about one or more downstream communication channels between the base station 1200 and BT.

Routine 1222 connection is used to control the base station 1200 to perform various operations, communication and implementation of various communication protocols. Routine 1222 control base station is used to control the base station 1200 to perform basic functionality of the base station, for example the production and reception of a signal, the planning and implementation stages of the method according to the present invention, including the elaboration of pilot signals with different levels of intensity of transmission, reception and processing and use information reported by the wireless terminal. Signal sub 1228 controls the transmitter 1204 and receiver 1204, which generate and detect signals on wireless Ter inaly from them for example, the OFDM signal, following the sequence of jump tone data. The control routine generation and transmission of the pilot signal uses the data/information 1220, including information 1234 sequence jump pilot signal, for generating a special sequence of jump pilot signal for each sector. The power levels of the tones of the pilot signal included in the information 1236 power level, and special colours selected for specific tones, pilot signal for each pilot signal in each sector in particular moments of time coordinate and operate under the guidance routine 1230 generation and transmission of the pilot signal. This routine 1230 controls the transmission of tones, pilot signal, for example, as shown in Fig-17. Separate processing instructions, such as software team responsible for handing various colors, pilot signal are separate components or modules, which can be treated as separate tools that work together to control the base station to transmit sequences of the pilot tone signal that is described and shown in Fig-17. Coordination and/or synchronization of the transmission of various types of pilot signals between sectors of a cell, for example, in terms of the transmission frequency and/or time of transmission of a character, when control is control transmit power, allows the wireless terminal receiving different levels of tones transmitted pilot signal, for example, the known pre-defined colours fixed level of the pilot signal, the colours of the zero pilot signal sector and colours zero pilot signal of the cell to receive, for example, be calculated from the measured values of the signal value 1,250 quality indicator channel. In accordance with the invention, conventional (non-zero) the colours of the pilot signal, the colours, the zero pilot signal sector and colours zero pilot signal of the cell can pierce or replace the colours of the data that would be transmitted in the normal case. Module 1225 planning is used to control the scheduling of transmission and/or allocation of communication resources. The scheduler 1225 in accordance with the invention can be provided with information indicating the received SNR of each wireless terminal as a function of signal power transmitted by the base station. This information, derived from the values of 1250 quality indicator channel may be used by the scheduler to allocate segments of the channel for BT. This allows the BS 1200 to allocate segments on channels with sufficient transmit power to respond to meet the resulting requirements on the SNR for a particular data rate, coding scheme and/or modulation selected to provide for BT.

The receiver 1302 includes a decoder 1312, while the transmitter 1304 includes an encoder 1314. The processor 1306, under the control of one or more subroutines 1320 stored in the memory 1308, causes the wireless terminal 1300 in accordance with the methods of the present invention, as described in these materials. The memory 1320 contains routines 1320 and data/information 1322. Routine 1320 include routine 1324 communication and routine 1326 control wireless terminal. Routine 1326 control wireless terminal includes the signal subroutine 1328, which includes the module 1330 measurement pilot-si is Nala, module 1332 production values quality indicator channel, the module 1331 determine the position of the boundary sector and module 1333 transmission control values quality indicator channel. Data/information 1322 include user data 1334, for example information that is transferable from the wireless terminal 1300 on the peer host, user information 1336 and signal information 1350 pilot signal. User information 1336 includes information about 1337 measured signal values, information 1338 value of the quality indicator, information 1340 the position of the boundary sector information ID 1342 terminal, the ID information of the base station and information 1346 messages on the channel. Signaling information 1350 pilot signal includes information 1352 sequence jump, information 1354 power level and tonal information 1356. Information about 1337 measured value signal includes a measured value of the signal obtained from measurements performed under the control module 1330 measurement pilot signal, at least one of the amplitude and phase of the received pilot signal. Information 1338 value of the quality indicator includes an output module 1332 production values quality indicator channel. Information 1338 value of the quality indicator channel during transmission to the base stations which may allow the base station to determine the received BT SNR as a function of the power of the transmitted signal. Information 1340 the position of the boundary sector includes information identifying that the wireless terminal is located in the border area of the sector, for example, wireless terminal is experiencing high levels of cross-sector interference, and information identifying which of the two adjacent sectors is a sector boundary region. The base station can use the information the boundaries of the sector, to identify the channels in adjacent sectors, where the transmit power should be turned off to reduce cross-sector interference. Information 1346 message channel includes the values obtained 1338 quality indicator channel, or part of the values 1338 quality indicator channel, and may also include information 1340 the position of the boundary sector. Information 1346 message channel can be structured with a view individual messages for each value of the quality indicator or performance of groups of values of the quality indicator included in a single message. Messages can be sent periodically at predefined points in time via dedicated channels. Information 1342 ID of the terminal is allocated to the base station identification applied to a wireless terminal 1300, running within the cell coverage of the base station. Information 1344 ID of the base when Anzhi includes information specific to the base station, for example, the value of the slope of the sequence of the jump, and may also include information identifying the sector.

Information 1352 sequence jump pilot signal identifies for a given base station, information 1344 ID of the base station, what colours 1356, at what time, for example the time of the OFDM symbol must be measured for the evaluation of the pilot signals. Information 1354 power level of the pilot signal identifies the wireless terminal levels of transmission of pilot signals on selected colours 1356 pilot signal included in the sequence 1352 jump tones of the pilot signal. Information about 1354 power level of the pilot signal can also identify the colours of the zero pilot signal of the sector and cell.

Routine 1324 connection is used to control the wireless terminal 1300 to perform various operations, communication and implementation of various communication protocols.

Routine 1326 control wireless terminal is controlled by the main functionality of the wireless terminal 1300 in accordance with the methods of the present invention. Signal routines 1328 wireless terminal is controlled by the main functionality of the transmission signals of a wireless terminal, including control receiver is ω 1302, transmitter 1304, generation and reception of a signal, and control the operation of the wireless terminal in accordance with the methods of the present invention, including the measurement of the pilot signal, the output values of the indicator of quality and value transfer quality indicator channel. Module 1330 measurement pilot signal controls the measurement of the received pilot signals identified information 1334 ID of the base station, information 1352 sequence of jump and tonal information 1356. Routine 1330 measurement pilot signal to measure at least one of the amplitude and phase of the pilot signal to generate a measured signal values corresponding to each of the measured pilot signal. Module 1332 production values quality indicator channel includes a module 1361 cardinality estimation module 1362 estimate SNR. Module 1332 production values quality indicator channel, generates a value of the quality indicator according to the functions that use values 1337 measured signal issued from the module 1330 measurement of the pilot signal. Module 1332 includes first and second sets of commands to perform first and second functions of the value of the quality indicator channel, and the first and second functions are different. The 1361 module cardinality estimation includes software commands to control the processor 1306 to estimate the key of the received power, included in the received pilot signal(s). Module 1362 assessment SNR includes software commands to control the processor 1306 to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio of the received pilot signal(pilot signal). Module 1331 determine the location of the boundaries of the sector determines the position of the wireless terminal 1300 relative to the boundaries of the sector of information included in the received signals. Module 1331 determine the position of the boundary sector can also distinguish what the next frontier sector of the wireless terminal closer and any neighboring sector causes higher levels of interference in relation to BT 1300. Information generated by the module 1131 determine the location of the boundaries of the sectors included in the information 1340 the position of the boundary sector. Routine 1333 transmission control indicator of the quality of the channel controls the transmission to the base station information about the value of quality indicator channel and information of the border sector. Routine 1333 transmission control values quality indicator channel includes a module 1335 generate messages. Module 1335 generate messages controls the processor 1306 using a machine-executable commands for generating the messages used to pass the values of the quality indicator channel. Module 1335 generate messages can generate messages with the unity of the authorized quality indicator channel, to assess or include at least two values of the quality indicator channel in a single message. Module 1335 generate messages can also generate reports, which include information, for example information 1340 the position of the boundary of the sector, or to include such information in the message, which includes the value of the quality indicator channel. Messages generated by the module 1335 generate messages that are passed under the control of the module 1333 transmission control values quality indicator channel. The messages corresponding to the first and second values may be interspersed, such as alternate for the purposes of transfer. Module 1333 transmission control values quality indicator channel transmits messages periodically in some embodiments, implementation, using segments of the communication channel allocated to the transfer values of the quality indicator channel. Module 1333 may also control the time of the transfer to comply with pre-selected selected time intervals dedicated base station for use by BT 1300, thereby preventing other wireless terminals by using the selected time interval.

Figure 1 presents a simplified diagram showing the transmitter 101 and the receiver 103, which will be used by the La disclosure of the invention. The transmitter 101 may be, for example, the transmitter 1204 base station 1200, while the receiver 103 may be, for example, the receiver 1302 wireless terminal 1300. In the communication system, such as system 1100, the transmitter 101 are often forced to make a choice of appropriate method of data transmission to the receiver 103. The selection may include the encoding rate of the code with the error correction, the combination of modulation and power level. In General, in order to make sensible choices, it is desirable that the transmitter 101 had information about the communication channel from the transmitter 101 to the receiver 103. Figure 1 shown below as an example system 100 in which the transmitter 101 sends the traffic data 102 to the receiver 103 in a straight line 105 connected. On a return line 107 from the receiver 103 to the transmitter 101 and the receiver 103 reports the condition 106 of the channel for direct communication line to the transmitter 101. The transmitter 101 then uses the reported information 106 about the state of the channel to determine its parameters properly to send.

Figure 2 presents cited as an example of a wireless cellular system 200 of communication in which the transmitter is included in a base station (BS) with the antenna 201 205 and receiver included in the wireless terminal (BT), 203, for example a mobile terminal or a fixed terminal, antenna 207, providing the base station 201 a chance carried the ü transmitting information in a downward channel (channels) 208 on the wireless terminal 203. BS 201 often transmits pilot signals 209, which is usually passed on a small share of resource transfer and generally known (pre-defined) symbols transmitted with constant power. BT 203 measures the condition 213 descending channel on the basis of the received pilot signals 209 and reports conditions 213 channel to the BS 201 upstream channel 215. It should be noted that because the conditions 213 channel often change over time due to fading and Doppler effects, it is desirable that the BS 201 transmitted pilot signals 209 frequently or even continuously so that BT 203 could track and report on conditions 213 channel, as they change over time. BT 203 can evaluate the conditions 213 descending channel on the basis of the received signal power and the noise and interference on the pilot signals 209. The combination of noise and interference will be referred to subsequently as "noise/interference" or sometimes simply as "noise". In known prior art techniques, this type of information is usually reported in the form of a single scalar relations, the type of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or an equivalent metric. When the noise/interference does not depend on the transmitted signal, such a single scalar measure is normally all that is required BS 201 to predict how the received SNR will change with the power of the transmission signal. In this case, the BS 201 can determine the correct minimum transmit power for encoding and modulation, she chooses to transfer from only the received values. Unfortunately, in the case of many sectors, the noise resulting from the transmitted signal may be a significant component of the signal, which makes only a scalar value is insufficient to accurately predict the SNR for different transmit power levels.

In many cases communication, especially in mobile wireless systems, type, multi-sectoral system 1100 according to the invention, the noise is not independent of the transmit power signal, and depends on it. There is typically a component of noise, called "self-noise", which is proportional or approximately proportional to the signal power. Figure 3 shows an example in which the noise depends on the power of the transmission signal. Figure 3 graph 300 shows the dependence of the received power of interest signal, the vertical axis 317, full of noise, on the horizontal axis 303. Full noise, represented by line 305, is the sum of the parts 309-dependent signal, and part 307, independent of the signal presented in accordance with output 317 of the received signal. There can be many causes of noise. An example of self-noise is unbalanced signal energy which interferes with the received signal. This noise is proportional to the power signalintegrity the signal energy may be the result of errors in the estimation of the channel or an error in the coefficients of the equalizer or the result of many other reasons. In situations where intrinsic noise comparable with independent signal noise, or greater than, a single scalar value SNR downlink (which can be measured on the pilot signal) is no longer acceptable to BS 1200 for an accurate prediction of the received SNR at BT 1300 as a function of the transmit power of the signal.

This invention provides methods and devices that allow each BT 1300 to predict its received SNR downlink as a function of the transmission power of the signal in the presence of dependent signal noise 309 and report this information to the BS 1200. This allows the BS 1200 to transmit on different vehicles with different (minimum) power signal, depending on the respective SNR required in each of BT. The total power transferred to the BS 1200, usually known or fixed, but the proportion allocated to different BT 1300 may be different and may change in time. In the BT receiver 1302, the dependence of the total noise 303 as a function of power 317 of the received signal can be modeled by a straight line 305, called "characteristic line noise" in these materials, as shown in Figure 3. Because of the characteristic line 305 noise usually does not pass through the origin, a single scalar parameter is insufficient for h is usually used to describe this line 305. Requires at least two parameters, for example, two values of the quality indicator channel, to determine this line 305. A simple way to determine this line must identify the location of the two different points, for example points 311 and 315 on it, because any two distinct points uniquely determine a straight line. It should be noted that in practice, the point can be determined with limited accuracy, so that the accuracy with which defined the line is greater if the selected widely separated points than if the points are close to each other.

The base station 1200 transmits pilot signals on the downlink. In accordance with the invention by transmission of pilot signals of different intensity levels, you can define the characteristic line noise for the wireless terminal. Usually the first pilot signal is passed from the first power level to get the first point; and the second pilot signal with the second transmit power level different from the first power level to obtain a second data point. The first and second pilot signals may be transmitted at the same time, if for each pilot signal using different colours.

As shown in Figure 3, the first pilot signal is measured and processed to generate the first point on line 315 305 that identifies the level 317 is Amnesty received pilot signal and the corresponding full level 319 noise. In accordance with the embodiment of the invention the BS 1200 transmits a zero pilot signals on the downlink in addition to the non-zero pilot signals. Zero pilot signals consist of resource transfer (degrees of freedom)when the BS 1200 does not transmit power signal, for example, transmits a pilot signal having zero power. The second pilot signal zero pilot signal, leads to the point 311 on line 305 and identifies the level 313 noise zero pilot signal, which is equivalent independent signal noise 307. Based on the noise measured on the pilot signals and the zero pilot signals, BT 1300 receives two different estimates 313, 315 noise for two different powers of the signal, such as a power of 0 and capacity 317 received pilot signal. From these two points 311, 315 BT 1300 can determine all of the characteristic line 305 noise Figure 3. BT 1300 can then also specify the parameters of this line 305 (for example, the slope and the intersection or some other equivalent set of information) on the BS 1200, allowing the BS 1200 to determine the received SNR for a given transmit power signal, when transmitting to BT 1300, which reported numerous values of the channel quality. As zero pilot signals have zero signal strength, and other pilot signals, on the other hand, is usually passed with relatively large power is stew, two points 311, 315, corresponding to the zero pilot signal and a non-zero pilot signal figure 3, are relatively far from each other, which leads to a good accuracy when the characteristic line 305.

Signal noise and various aspects alarm will be disclosed hereinafter. Graph 400 in Figure 4 represents the dependence of the power of interest signal, the vertical axis 401, from full noise on the horizontal axis 403. Figure 4 presents an illustration cited as an example of the characteristic line 405 of noise. To characterize the line 405, in accordance with the invention, the BS 1200 transmits signals that enable BT 1300 to perform measurements of at least two different points on the line, such as points 407 and 409, and information characterizing line 405 obtained from these measurements are then transmitted to the BS 1200. For example, the BS 1200 can transmit two different signal power P1 and P2, which will be received, as the power of Y1 and Y2, as shown in Figure 4. BT 1300 appropriate measures received power of a signal, designated as 415 Y1 and Y2 419, and the corresponding full noise, denoted as X1 413 and x2 417, respectively. From X1 413, x2 417, 415 Y1 and Y2 419 can be uniquely determined by the slope and the intersection line 405. In one embodiment, P1 and P2 are known and fixed. In another embodiment, R2 may be what ewnetu the pilot signal, the corresponding pilot signal, while P1 may be zero, representing a zero signal, which takes a certain resource transfer, but with zero transmission power. Usually, however, P1 is not necessarily zero. For example, P1 may be a positive integer that is less than P2, and in some embodiments, implementation and is not.

As soon as the characteristic line noise 405 was determined BS 1200 from the received feedback information, the BS 1200 can calculate the SNR in the receiver BT 1302 for any given transmit power Q.For example, figure 4 shows the procedure for determining the SNR corresponding to the specified transmission power Q.First, the BS 1200 finds an appropriate power Y 421 received signal power Q transmission through linear interpolation between the points (Y2, P2) and (Y1, P1):

$$Y=Y1+\frac{Y2-Y1}{P2-P1}\cdot (Q-P1)$$

The corresponding noise power corresponding to the power Q of the transfer, receive a linear interpolation between the points (x2, P2) and (X1, P1):

$$X=X1+\frac{X2-X1P2-P1}{}\cdot (Q-P1)$$

Then SNR(Q), SNR, as it sees BT 1300 for a power Q of the transmitting BS, receiving as:

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W(Q)=\frac{Y}{X}=\frac{Y1(P2-P1)+(Y2-Y1)(Q-P1)}{X1(P2-P1)+(X2-X1)(Q-P1)}$$

Point 411 on the characteristic line 405 of noise, shown in figure 4, has an X-axis value X 420 and Y-axis value Y 421 and corresponds to the power Q of the transmission of.Note that the slope of the line that connects the point And 411 and the origin 422 is SNR(Q), the SNR in the receiver BT 1302, if you use a power Q of the transmission. Therefore, from the characteristic line 405 of noise generated from reported statistics BT 1300, BS 1200 may determine and determines, for example, what power is ü transfer required to meet the specified requirement SNR for BT 1300.

Figure 5 shows a graph 500 of a power on the vertical axis 501 of the frequency on the horizontal axis 503. Figure 5 corresponds to the one given as an example of a variant of implementation of the present invention, in which wireless cellular communication network uses Modulation with Orthogonal Frequency Division (MOCR, OFDM). This is cited as an example case, the frequency 505 is divided into 31 orthogonal tone, so that transmission of different colours do not create each other interference in the receiver, even in the presence of multipath fading channel. The smallest unit of a transmission signal is a single tone in the OFDM symbol, which corresponds to the combination of time and frequency resources.

Figure 5 shows the power profile of tones in a given OFDM symbol. In this embodiment, the pilot signal 515 is a well known symbol sent with a constant power of the pilot signal 507 tone, and zero pilot signal 513 is a tone with zero transmission power. These colours 515 pilot signal and the colours zero pilot signal 513 can jump in time, which means that from symbol to OFDM symbol, the position which they occupy may vary. In extended periods of time, transmission of the pilot signal are periodic due to the repetition of sequences of jump. Four tones 515 drank the signal and one tone 513 zero pilot signal shown in figure 5. Location of the pilot tone signals 515 and zero pilot signals 513 known as BS 1200 and BT 1300. Twenty-six tones 511 data, also shown in Figure 5 with the corresponding layer 509 transmit power. Figure 5 shows that the power level 515 transmission of the pilot tone signal is significantly higher than the level 509 transmit power of tone data that allows wireless terminals to easily recognize the tones of the pilot signal. Usually, the capacity of 509 transmitting tone data may not necessarily be the same for all data tones, as shown in Figure 5, the level 509 may change from tone data to the tone data.

In the situation of wireless organization with Omni-directional antennas, an implementation option defines a single zero pilot signal, known as the zero pilot signal of the cell. Suppose that the tone of the pilot signal transmitted with power P, and the tone, the traffic of data transfer is transmitted with a power of Q, as indicated in figure 5. Studying the received signal for the pilot signal, BT 1300 measures the SNR, which we will denote by SS(R).Target base station 1200 is to be able to obtain an estimate of the SNR(Q), which is the SNR, as it sees the wireless terminal 1300, corresponding to the transmission base station data with capacity Q, which may differ from R.

The knowledge received SNR is important because it defined the em combination of speed encoding and sets the modulation which can be supported. For a given frequency of errors in blocks (for example, the probability that the transmission of a single code word is wrong) and for each coding rate, and the aggregate modulation, it is possible to determine the minimum SNR, which should exceed the received SNR for the probability of unsuccessful transmission would be less than the specified target speed (for example, 1%error rate for blocks). From this point of view, it is desirable to BS 1200 was able to accurately estimate the SNR(Q)to decide the transmission power Q, which will produce an SNR that exceeds the minimum SNR for the desired speed code and set of modulation.

The relationship between SNR(Q) and Q depends on dependent signal noise. In order to simplify the description, assume that dependent on the signal to noise is proportional to transmitted power and use of the characteristic line 305, 405 noise, shown in figure 3 and 4, in order to characterize the dependence of the total noise as a function of received signal strength. The principle can be similarly extended to other situations.

Denote the gain channel as α, so that, when the BS transmits with power P received by the wireless terminal capacity is αp.Let N denotes independent of signal noise, and γ the submitted is dependent on signal to noise, where γ is a proportionality constant power P of the transmission of.Then, by measuring the SNR on the colours of the pilot signal, BT 1300 measure SNR:

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W1(P)=\frac{\alpha P}{N+\gamma P}$$,

where R is a constant transmit power of pilot signals and N is independent of signal noise, visible BT 1300. We call it "ASS"to show that it works with dependent signal interference as a single object.

Through the use of a null pilot signal becomes possible for BT 1300 separately measure independent of the signal noise N,because there is no power transmitted by the BS 1200 on this zero tone. By comparing this independent signal noise N with the received power γ pilot signal BS can estimate the SNR, which is free from dependent signal noise. Imagine this attitude as$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)=\frac{\gamma P}{N}$$where the name "OS" indicates that it belongs to no-dependent signal noise.

Then the relationship between OSS(P) and ASSR) set by:

$$\frac{1}{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W1(P)}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}+\frac{\gamma }{\alpha }$$

For simplicity we define

$$SRR1=\frac{\gamma }{\alpha }$$

Comparing with the characteristic line noise, which is shown in figure 3 and 4, one can see that ASS(R) corresponds to the intersection of the X axis line, while the SRR1 is equivalent to the slope of the line. Then as a function OS(P) and SRR1 can write:

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W1(P)=\frac{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}{SRR1\cdot \mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)+1}$$

In the embodiment, measurement ASS(R) andSRR1 says BT on 1300 BS 1200. Of these messages, the BS 1200 can calculate OSS(R).

Graph 600 for 6 illustrate the relationship between OSS(P) on the vertical axis 601 and OS(P) on the horizontal axis 603, where SNR is presented in dB. Three curves, p is shown by lines 605, 607 and 609, are SRR1=0, SRR1=0.5 and SRR1=1, respectively. CaseSRR1=0 (line 605) corresponds to the situation when the noise independent of the signal, so OSS(R)=ASS(R).Case SRR1=1 (line 609) corresponds to the case when dependent on signal to noise is equal to the signal so that the excess of 0 dB for OS(P) is impossible.

From information received from BT 1300, BS 1200 can then compute the received SNR as a function of transmission power Q for data traffic. Received BT 1300 SNR will include dependent signal noise and takes the form

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W1(Q)=\frac{\alpha Q}{N+\gamma Q}$$

Invert and perform substitutions gives:

$$\frac{1}{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W1(Q)}=\frac{N}{\alpha Q}+\frac{\gamma }{\alpha }=\frac{1}{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}\frac{P}{Q}+SRR1$$

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W1(Q)=\frac{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0()}{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)\cdot SRR1+\frac{P}{Q}}$$

Therefore, as a function of values OSS(R) andSRR1 reported by BT 1300, it is possible to predict the SNR, as it apparently BT 1300 for any power Q of the transmission. These findings illustrate that using zero pilot signal, BT 1300 may determine and transmit statistics on the BS 1200, which will enable the BS 1200 to predict the SNR as a function of transmit power in the presence of dependent signal noise, which is proportional to the transmitted power.

Note that instead of sending OSS(R) andSRR1, there are other equivalent sets of messages that BT 1300 may send BS 1200 and within the essence of the present invention.

The methods and devices of the present invention is particularly useful in multi-sector cell. In wireless cellular communication systems, the base station 1200 is often presented in a configuration where each cell is divided into multiple sectors, as shown in figure 11. For sectorsource environment interference between sectors, 1106, 1108, 1110 has a significant impact on the received SNR. In addition to the independent of the signal of the full noise which also includes dependent signal part, each of which is proportional to the signal power from other sectors of the same cell 1104. Characteristics of the noise in this case are more complex than shown in Figure 3, because in that sectorsource case of total noise includes two or more dependent signal component instead of one. But the noise can still be described by a straight line, which is now defined in the space of a higher dimension. This characteristic line noise can be described, for example, intersection and steepness. The intersection is a function independent of the signal part of the noise, and each slope corresponds to the proportionality dependent on the signal part of the noise relative to the specific signal power.

In certain scenarios, however, the description of the characteristic of the noise can be simplified. For example, in the example method of sectorization, where each sector of a cell can use all or almost all of the resource transfer, such as the range of frequencies for transmission in each of the sectors. The total power transmitted from each sector are usually fixed or known, but different BT 1300 may receive a different share. As the isolation between sectors is imperfect, the signal transmitted in one sector, it becomes noise (disturbance) for others with the Ktorov. Moreover, if each of the sectors, 1106, 1108, 1110 limited to the transmission of identical, proportional or nearly proportional signal with a given degree of freedom, the interference from other sectors to BT 1300 in a given sector 1106, 1108, 1110 is shown as dependent on the signal-to-noise or noise. This is the case, because the interference from other sectors scaled power signal so that the characteristic line noise similar to that presented in Figure 3.

In accordance with the invention, the BS 1200 transmits signals, such as "zero pilot signal of the cell", which allow BT 1300 to evaluate the intersection of the characteristic noise with all independent from signal noise. In addition, as an example, planning among sectors, 1106, 1108, 1110 may be coordinated so that BT 1300 on the border 1150, 1152, 1154 sectors had not received any interference (or received reduced interference from other sectors. In accordance with the invention, the BS 1200 transmits signals, such as "zero pilot signal sector", which enable BT 1300 to estimate the steepness of the characteristic line noise", whereas only dependent on the signal to noise of a subset of sectors. In accordance with the invention BT 1300 then reports independent of the signal SNR, and these varying steepness, or some equivalent set of information back to the BS 1200 clicks the things of line.

7 shows a diagram 700 alarm for option of carrying out the invention in the case sectorsource cellular wireless system using Orthogonal Modulation with Frequency Separation (OMCR, OFDM). Consider the BS 1200 with three sectors 701, 703, 705, in which repeatedly use the same carrier frequency in all sectors 701, 703, 705. The power level of the pilot signal corresponding to the sectors 701, 703, 705, marked with the numbers 709, 713 and 717, respectively. The power levels of the data signal is marked with the numbers 711, 715, 719 for each from the first to the third sector, respectively. The situation with a different number of sectors is set out below. Let the three sectors, 1106, 1108, 1110 of the base station 1200 will be represented by S0 701, S1 703 and S2 705, as shown in Fig.7. 7 shows the allocation of tones for transmission over a downlink in a given symbol 707 OFDM, including an example of posting data tones, for example, cited as an example of tones 728 data tones of the pilot signal, for example, cited as an example of the tone 728 pilot signal tones and zero pilot signal, for example, cited as an example of the tone 721 zero pilot signal, in these three sectors. Since it is assumed that each sector shares the same frequency range corresponding to the tones between sectors will interfere with each other the hand. Note that the position and order of the tones is shown solely for illustrative purposes and may vary depending on the implementation.

In accordance with the invention, the signal of the downlink includes one or more zero pilot signals in the cells that are null tones that are shared by each of the sectors 701, 703, 705. Zero pilot signal 729 cell has zero transmission power in each of the sectors 701, 703, 705. In addition, the signal of the downlink includes one or more zeros 721, 723, 725 sector, where the transmit power is zero only in the subset of sectors 701, 703, 705. In the same manner that the zero pilot signal sector, it is desirable to have the pilot tone signal or tone data, the transmission power of which is fixed and known BT 1300 in other sectors. For example, the zero pilot signal 723 sector to sector S1 703 has a corresponding tone 731 pilot signal sector S0 701 and the corresponding tone 737 pilot signal sector S2 705.

In one embodiment, which is shown in Fig.7. there are 4 pilot signal, 1 zero pilot signal sector and 1 zero pilot signal of the cell in each sector 701, 703, 705. For example, the sector S0 701 has four pilot signal 731, 733, 735, 737, one zero pilot signal 721 sector and one zero pilot signal 729 cells. These pilot signals are arranged so that it is jdy sector has two unique pilot signal, and then jointly uses the pilot signal with each of the other two sectors. For example, the sector S0 701 has a unique pilot signals 735, 727; a pilot signal 731 shares the frequency of the pilot tone signal 737 sector S2 705; a pilot signal 733 shares the frequency of the pilot tone signal 739 sector S1 703. In addition, no pilot signal sector for one sector coincides with the colours of the pilot signal in other sectors. For example, for zero tone 725 in sector S2 705, the pilot signal 733, 739 transmit on the same tone in the sectors S0 701 S1 and 703, respectively. Location tones, pilot signal, zero tones cell and null tones of the sector known as BS 1200 and BT 1300.

The pilot signals change their position, or "jump"in time, for various reasons, such as frequency diversity. On Fig presents an example of a jump pilot tone signals, zero pilot signal of the cell and zero pilot signals of the sector. Graph 800 Fig represents the dependence of the frequency on the vertical axis 801, with time on the horizontal axis 803. Each small vertical unit 805 corresponds to the tone, which every small horizontal unit 807 corresponds to the time of the OFDM symbol. Each tone 809 pilot signal is represented by a small rectangle with vertical hatching. Each zero pilot signal 811 sector is represented by a small rectangle with horizontal hatching. Each zero pilot signal 13 of the cell is represented by a small rectangle intersecting with the hatch.

In the embodiment, the colours, the pilot signal is essentially jump, following modular linear pattern of a jump. In accordance with the invention null colours sector jump, following the same modular linear, and jump pilot signal with the same value of the slope. In addition, in one embodiment of the invention, the null tones of the pilot signal of the cell also jump, following the same modular linear pattern as the pilot signal, skipping over with the same value of the slope.

In the embodiment, the data tones essentially jump, follow the jump with permutation. In another embodiment of the invention, the zero pilot signal of the cell jumps, following the same modular linear pattern with a permutation of that and jump data. In this embodiment, when the tone zero pilot signal of the cell is faced with the pilot tone signal, or pause the transmission of the pilot tone signal in each of the sectors and the pilot tone signal is reliably removed, or transmission of the pilot tone signal continue in at least some of the sectors, and the tone of the null pilot signal of the cell is effectively considered unused.

Suppose that BT 1300 has an established line of communication with the sector S0 of the base station 1200 and that the gain of the channel from S0 to BT 1300 is set as α. Similarly suppose the gain of the channel from S1 to BT 1300 is set as β, and from S2 to BT 1300 is set as γ.Finally, for completeness, assume that dependent on the signal to noise in the communication line from S0 to BT 1300 includes its own noise, which is proportional to the power transmission gain channel δ.

Assume that the transmit power for the data tones in these three sectors defined as Q0, Q1 and Q2, respectively. Then the received SNR for the communication line from S0 to BT 1300

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}{W}_{S0}(Q\mathrm{1,}Q\mathrm{2,}Q3)=\frac{\alpha Q0}{\delta Q0+\beta Q1+\gamma Q2+N}$$

In the remaining part of this description will assume that the interference from other sectors (βQ1 and γQ2) is much more significant than dependent signal noise from the same sector δQ0, so for simplicity, this term will be omitted in the following discussion.

BT 1300 should provide a set of parameters for the base station so that she had enough information to predict the received SNR for the data transmission on the downlink from S0 to BT 1300. To get the information she mo is no tone using the zero pilot signal. Using zero pilot signal of the cell in which the transmission in each of the sectors is 0, can be measured independent of the signal noise. Comparing it with the received intensity of the pilot signal from the S0 gives the following SNR:

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)=\frac{\alpha P}{N}$$

Then the colours zero pilot signal sector can be used in different variants of implementation are used to measure the SNR in a situation where one of the adjacent sectors not transmitting. In particular for the sector S0 consider the pilot tone signal that corresponds to the tone of the null pilot signal of the sector S2. Then the measurement of the SNR based on the pilot signal in the sector S0 will give the value of

$$$$$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W{1}^{\beta }(P)=\frac{\alpha P}{\beta P+N}$$,

where sector causing interference, is S1 (gain path β). Similarly, measuring the SNR for the tone of the pilot signal, which is zero tone of the sector S1, causing interference sector I which is the sector S2 (gain tract γ), and the resulting SNR is

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W{1}^{\gamma }(P)=\frac{\alpha P}{\gamma P+N}$$

The steepness of the characteristic line noise in these two cases is equal to$$\frac{\beta }{\alpha }$$and$$\frac{\gamma }{\alpha }$$respectively.

Then, if the SNR measured directly using pilot tones signal that do not correspond to the zero pilot signals of the sector in other sectors, then this measurement SNR takes into account the interference from the other two sectors. This measurement is called SNR2, because it includes the interference from the two sectors.

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W2(P)=\frac{\alpha P}{\beta P+\gamma P+N}$$

The steepness of the characteristic line noise in this case is$$\frac{\beta +\gamma }{\alpha }$$.

By identifying subsequent SRR as appropriate the values of the steepness of the characteristic line noise, you can establish a relationship OSS^β(R), OSS^γ(P) and OSS(R) with OS(R):

$$SRR2=\frac{\beta +\gamma }{\alpha }$$

$$SRR{1}^{\beta }=\frac{\beta }{\alpha }$$

$$SRR{1}^{\gamma }=\frac{\gamma }{\alpha }$$

Themselves SRR can be computed in terms of SNR as follows:

$$SRR2=\frac{1}{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W2(P)}-\frac{1}{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}$$

$$SRR{1}^{\beta }=\frac{1}{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W{1}^{\beta }(P)}-\frac{1}{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}$$

$$SRR{1}^{\gamma }=\frac{1}{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}{1}^{\gamma }(P)}-\frac{1}{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}$$

It should be noted that SRR2 can be found as the sum of SRR1^βand SRR1^γ.

Then the SNR can be written in terms of OS(P) and SRR:

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W2(P)=\frac{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}{1+SRR2\cdot \mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}$$

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W{1}^{\gamma }(P)=\frac{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}{1+SRR{1}^{\gamma }\cdot \mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}$$

If BT 1300 informs a sufficient set of these statistics (for example, OS(R), SRR1^β, SRR1^γ, SRR2) to the base station 1200, the base station 1200 may predict the received SNR BT 1300 on the basis of capacity Q0, Q1 and Q2 transmission. Typically, the SNR, as it sees BT 1300 for data transmission with power Q0, interference from sectors S1 and S2 with capacity Q1 and Q2 is given in terms of measurements made on the tone of the pilot signal with power P of the transmission, such as:

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}{W}_{S0}(Q\mathrm{0,}Q\mathrm{1,}Q2)=\frac{\alpha Q0}{\beta Q1+\gamma Q2+N}=\frac{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}{\left(\frac{Q1}{Q2}SRR{1}^{\beta }+\frac{Q2}{Q0}SRR{1}^{\gamma }\right)\cdot \mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)+\frac{P}{Q0}}$$

Figure 9 chart 900 shows three situations for cited as an example of BT in the sector S0. Cell 901 includes three sectors S0 903, S1 905 and S2 907. Figure 9 BT 909 shown close to the border with the Gaza S1 905, and BT 909 receives significant interference on downlink from sector S1 905. Cell 921 includes three sectors S0 923, S1 929 and S2 927, BT 929 shown in the center of the sector S0 923, far from the borders of the sector. Cell 941 includes three sectors S0 943, S1 945 and S2 947, BT 949 shown close to the border with the Gaza S2 941, and BT 949 receives significant interference on downlink from sector S2 947.

In the embodiment of the invention for each of these three situations, BT sends a subset of the measured statistics on the BS 1200, to reduce the amount of information transmitted on the reverse link, for example an ascending line.

In the situation shown in Fig.9 against cell 901, assume that BT 909 in sector S0 903 receives significant interference from sector S1 905. Then coordinated scheduler 1225 for the base station is capable of switching data in sector S1 905, which collide with transmissions from sector S0 903 BT 909. Meanwhile, the transmission in sector S2 907 coordinate so that she had the same or almost the same capacity Q of the transmission and in the sector S0. Then the SNR, visible BT 909,

AboutWith aWS0(Q,0,Q)=αQγQ+N=AboutWith aW0(P)SRR1γ⋅AboutWith aW0(P)+PQ

And in this case it is enough to inform OSS(P) and SRR1^γ.

Then, for the situation shown in Fig.9 against cell 921, in which BT 929 is not located near the border of the sector, it is possible to transfer most or all of the sector without causing too large interference to BT 929. In this case, assume that the scheduler 1225 base station makes the simplifying assumption that each of these three sectors need to transmit data with the same capacity Q.Then the SNR, visible BT 929 for transmission of the sector S0 923, is

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}{W}_{S0}(Q,Q,Q)=\frac{\alpha Q}{\beta Q+\gamma Q+N}=\frac{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}{SRR2\cdot \mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)+\frac{P}{Q}}$$

And in this case it is enough to inform OSS(P) and SRR2.

Further, for the situation shown in Fig.9 against cell 941, BT 949 is located near the border of the sector with S2 947. As BT 949 receive significant interference from sector S2 947, coordinated scheduler 1225 to the base station 1200 may disable the corresponding data in the sector S2 947. Meanwhile, assume that the transfer to the sector S1 945 planned with the same transmit power as in the sector S0 943. Then the SNR, visible BT 949,

$$\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}{W}_{S0}(Q,Q\mathrm{,0})=\frac{\alpha Q}{\beta Q+N}=\frac{\mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)}{SRR{1}^{\beta }\cdot \mathrm{About}\mathrm{With\; a}W0(P)+\frac{P}{Q}}$$

And in this case it is enough to inform OSS(P) and SRR1^β.

Therefore, if the BS 1200 limits the transmit power is AK, they are equal to some value of Q or equal to 0 in each of the three possible configurations, you only need a subset of the information to be transferred from BT on 1300 BS 1200. In particular, in one embodiment, wireless terminal 1300 makes a decision as to which situations (for example, as shown in cell 901 in figure 9, the cell 921 in figure 9 and the cell 941 in figure 9) BT 1300 is at the present time. This information may be transferred to BT on 1300 BS 1200 as a case of double-bit Indicator of the Boundaries of the Sector. The indicator border sector indicates information of the wireless terminal relative to the boundaries of the sector. The first bit may indicate whether BT 1300 on the border so that it was necessary to shut down the transfer in the neighboring sector. The second bit may indicate which of these two sectors causes the most interference. Possible 2-bit indicator of the boundaries of the sector are presented in the first column of Table 1 below. The second column of Table 1 indicates the information of the noise contribution. The third column results in a control action to be taken, the BS 1200 in response to receipt of an appropriate indicator of the boundaries of the sector. The fourth column gives two reported values quality indicator channel, with appropriate informed of the indicator border sector indictor presented in the same row.

Thus, since BT 1300 identifies the base station 1200 which configuration he prefers, BT 1300 is required to report only OSS(P) and one of the three SRR.

Next will be described multi-sector cell with an arbitrary number of sectors. In another embodiment of this invention for situations where there are an arbitrary number of sectors, the sectors are divided into three sectors, which we denote as S0, S1 and S2. This classification on the types of sectors is made in such a way that two neighboring sector will not be who have the same type. It is assumed that for two lesosecnyh sectors, the interference is small so that is not essential, so that the main interference occurs between adjacent sectors of various types. Consequently, it is possible to treat this situation the same way as in the case of a cell with 3 sectors, because the primary source of interference in each sector comes from its two neighboring sectors.

Figure 10 is a diagram 1000 that illustrates the types of sectors cited as an example of cells 1001, 1021 and 1041 with 3, 4 and 5 sectors respectively. Cell 1001 includes a sector 1003 of the first type S0 sector, sector 1005 of the first type S1 sector and the sector 1007 first type S2 sector. Cell 1021 includes a sector 1023 of the first type S0 sector, sector 1025 of the first type S1 sector, sector 1027 of the first type S2 sector and the sector 1029 second type S2. Cell 1041 includes a sector 1043 of the first type S0 sector, sector 1045 of the first type S1 sector, sector 1047 first type S2 sector, sector 1049 second S0 type and sector 1051 second type S1. Table 2 below gives an example of a plan for a different number of sectors, with the order of the list of types of sector corresponds to the order of steps (e.g., clockwise) around the sector.

Using the above diagram type sector, scheme, zadeystvuya zero pilot signals of the cell and zero pilot signals of the sector for the case of three sectors can be used for an arbitrary number of sectors.

Although the present description is given in the context of OFDM systems, methods and devices according to the present invention is applicable in a wide range of communications systems including many systems, not related to OFDM. In addition, some evidence applicable in restovich communication systems.

In various embodiments, the implementation described in these materials sites implemented the BL is using one or more modules to perform the steps match one or more methods of the present invention, such as signal processing, generate messages and/or stages. Thus, in some embodiments, implementation of the various features of the present invention implemented using modules. Such modules may be implemented using software, hardware or combination of software and hardware. Many of the above methods or steps of the methods may be implemented using machine-executable commands, such as software contained in the computer-readable medium such as a memory device, such as RAM, floppy disk, etc. for the machine control, for example the mainframe with optional equipment or without it, to implement all the methods mentioned above, or parts thereof, such as one or more nodes. Accordingly, among other objects, the present invention is directed to providing a computer readable medium containing machine-executable commands for managing the machine, such as a processor and associated hardware, to perform one or more steps of the method described above (methods).

Numerous additional variations of the above described methods for the economical and devices of the present invention are obvious to a person skilled in this technical field given the above description of the invention. Such variants are included in the scope of the invention. The methods and devices of the present invention can be, in various embodiments, implementation and are, used with CDMA, multiplexing orthogonal frequency division (OFDM) and/or various other types of communication technologies that can be used to provide radio links between access nodes and mobile nodes. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the implementation of the access nodes implemented as base stations which establish lines of communication with mobile nodes using OFDM and/or CDMA. In various embodiments, the implementation of mobile nodes are implemented as portable computers, personal data assistants (PDA) or other portable device that includes a receiving/transmitting circuits and logic and/or routines, for implementing the methods of the present invention.

On Fig presents the steps cited as an example of a method 1400 transmission tones of the pilot signal in cells with numerous sectors, synchronized manner, in accordance with the present invention. The method begins at the start node 1402 and proceeds to step 1404, where the current time counter symbol initialize, for example, by setting to 1. The characters passed in here as the example system on a per-symbol basis with time symbol which is the time used to transmit one symbol with cyclic prefix, which is usually a copy of part of the transmitted symbol, which is added for redundancy to protect against multipath interference and small synchronization errors during transmission of a character.

The process goes from step 1404 to step 1406, where the transmitter is controlled to transmit symbols of the pilot signal to be transmitted in the current time of the symbol in each sector synchronized manner, using the same colours in each sector according to a pre-selected sequence of transmission of the pilot signal, for example a sequence of jump pilot tone signal, using a pre-selected transmit power levels in each sector of the cell. Although the pilot signals transmit in each sector of the cell in parallel, the power level transmitted on tone may be some pre-selected level or zero, in the case of zero tones. Despite the fact that the time of transmission of the pilot signals in each sector usually synchronized, small shifts synchronization between sectors can take place. Thus, each sector may actually use a different time period character. However, the times symbol in each sector sufficiently synchronized, so that meets significant overlap times of the symbol, used to transmit symbols in each sector. Usually significant overlap is such that the starting time of the transmission symbol is synchronized to be within at least the period of time corresponding to the time used for the transmission of cyclic prefix, sometimes referred to as a duration of cyclic prefix. Normally, therefore, there is a significant overlap in the times of the character of different sectors, even if there is no perfect overlap in the times of the symbol.

What colours are used to tone the pilot signal during the specific time of the symbol is determined from the tonal information 1238, including the information 1234 tone sequence jump pilot signal, while the power to be used on a given tone in each sector of the cell, determine from the information 1236 power level.

As soon as the colours of the pilot signal transmitted for the current time symbol at step 1406, the process is transferred to step 1408, where the current time of the character is increased by 1. Then at step 1410 checks to detect reached if the current time symbol maximum time character. If the current time symbol equal to the maximum, the current time symbol set to 1 so that the sequence of the jump pilot signal could the performance be repeated at step 1406. Periodic transmission of pilot tones signal continue to repeat according to the performed sequence of jump pilot tone signal as long as the transmitting base station will not stop or some other event will not cause the interruption of the transmission of the pilot signal.

Let us now turn to Fig-17, which presents various cited as an example of the transmission of the pilot tone signal along with the information of the transmission power of the pilot signal.

In accordance with the present invention, the colours, the pilot signal transmit using the same tones in multiple sectors of a cell in the same or essentially the same time. In various embodiments, implementation of the present invention the time of transmission symbols is synchronized in multiple sectors of a cell. If we assume that the synchronization is perfect, you will have full coverage in terms of time between the tones of a pilot signal transmitted in different sectors of a cell at any given time. Unfortunately, as noted above, precise synchronization may not be possible for a number of reasons related to the complexity of the synchronized transmission between the different amplifiers and antennas operating at high frequencies. However, when the synchronized execution of the sector between sectors is significant is the amount of overlap times of the symbol. Thus, transmission of the pilot signal can be achieved with significant overlap, making possible the measurement signal, which is supposedly completely blocked during at least part-time character of each sector. As mentioned above, in the synchronized version of the invention, the difference between the start times of transmit symbol between different sectors of a cell is usually smaller than the length of cyclic prefix, which is usually included in a composition together with the transferred characters.

For purposes of discussion, it is assumed that there is full synchronization signals, such as symbols transmitted at the same time synchronized manner in each sector multi-sector cell. However, from the above disclosure it is clear that such precise synchronization is not commonly done and is not required for the practical implementation of the invention. Thus, the transmission in each sector corresponds to a different time of the symbol, which can be slightly shifted in comparison with time symbol neighboring sector. In accordance with the present invention, although the colours of the pilot signal and transmit in each sector of a cell on the same set of tones synchronized manner, with a capacity of tones, pilot signal different from Torah cell control for to allow you to perform various signal measurements that facilitate, in a specific sector, the definition of the noise contribution from the other, for example, neighboring sector(sectors), as well as background noise.

To facilitate numerous various signal measurements, numerous colours, the pilot signal can be used within a single transmission time of a character. Alternatively, one pilot signal can be used during character though the pilot signal will allocate different power levels for different such as serial, times, symbol. In this case, the measurement pilot signal is carried out during different times of the symbol can be used to generate two different values of the quality indicator channel, which return the base station, in accordance with the invention.

On Fig is a diagram 1500 showing a two-sector sequence transmission of the pilot tone signal, carried out in one given in the example embodiment of the present invention. As will be disclosed hereinafter, the sequence of which is presented on Fig, can be extended to systems with N sectors, where N is an arbitrary integer greater than 1. The sequence that is shown in Fig implemented DL the cell, which includes two sectors, sector A and sector B. Times of the symbol in each sector may be a little biased, but significantly overlap, and therefore will be described as one and the same time symbol, but in fact are two slightly different times symbol, in many cases. The first column 1502, entitled "time"refers to time character, which convey the tone, suggesting the presence of perfect synchronization between sectors. In one embodiment, in which the same tone is used every time the symbol for the purposes of the pilot signal, each time the character from 1 to 4, inclusive, corresponds to a different current-time character. The second column 1504, entitled "TONE", leads the colours, for example the frequency at which to transmit the pilot signals. Each row corresponds to one tone. Different strings can correspond to the same or different colours depending on the particular implementation. For example, in cases where the first to fourth inclusive times of the character are one and the same current time symbol, one through four, inclusive tones, presented in column 1504 will be different, because each pilot signal requires one tone. However, in cases where the first through 4 inclusive times of the symbol in column 1502 correspond to different current the times symbol, the colours presented in column 1504 may be the same or different.

As disclosed above, each line 1512, 1514, 1516 and 1518 corresponds to the tone transmission in each of the sectors A and b cells, for example tones used to transmit the pilot signal. The transmit power levels in each of the sectors can be different or the same. In each case, the tone of the pilot signal transmitted at any point in time, pass with pre-selected transmission power. Thus, the transmit power and tone, which transmit the pilot signal will be known as the base station 1200, and wireless terminal 1300, since this information is stored in both devices, and both devices know the current time of a character from information synchronization available in the cell. On Fig third column 1506 represents the power level of the pilot signal to the pilot signal transmitted in the sector And with the use of tone, which corresponds to a specific row. Similarly, the fourth column 1508 represents the power level of the pilot signal to the pilot signal transmitted in the sector In using tone, which corresponds to a specific row. Each column 1510 was shown later, in order to disclose 3-sector option, but is not used in a two-sector embodiment, disclosed is m with reference to Fig.

Each rectangle in the column 1506 and 1508 is a step of transmitting the pilot signal in the specified sector in the total time of the character specified in column 1502, using the colors specified in column 1504. In practice, the colours convey several different times of the symbol in each of the sectors A and B, for example in the first and second times symbol, which correspond essentially to the time of the character represented in column 1502. The unit used to specify a non-zero pilot signal having a first pre-selected transmission power, whereas the zero is used to indicate the transmission zero tones, for example, pilot signal transmitted with zero power.

Line 1512 shows that during the symbol 1, using tone 1, the pilot signal 1 transmit in sector A, while the ZERO pilot signal transmit in sector C. This allows to measure the contribution of cross-sector interference in the sector, caused by the transmission sector And in the same tone. It also allows A sector to perform accurate measurements of attenuation in A sector without the presence of interference due to transmission sector Century. Line 1514 corresponds to the time of 2 characters, and tone 2 are used for transmission of NULL tones in sector A and the pilot signal 1 in sector C. This allows A sector to determine the magnitude of the interference signal due to the transmission sector In the same tone. Line 1516 corresponds lie is any 3 characters, and tone 3 are used for transmission of a NULL pilot signal in both sectors A and B, providing the ability to perform measurements of background noise on tone 3. Line 1518 corresponds to the time of 4 characters, and tone 4 is used in both sectors A and b to transmit the pilot signal 1. In this case, each sector can measure the effect of signal transmission with the same non-zero power level in each of the sectors A and b at the same time. Usually the pilot signals transmit in accordance with the first and second rows 1512, 1514 in Fig. 15 and at least one of the lines 1516 and 1518 for securing a wireless terminal to perform sufficient signal measurements that are required as input values for two different functions used to generate the first and second values of the quality indicator channel, which are feedback to the base station 1200, in accordance with one feature of the present invention.

On Fig presented here as an example of the sequence of transmission of the pilot tone signal for a three-sector system. As in the example on Fig, the first column 1602 corresponds to the transmission time of a character, the second column 1604 corresponds to the tone, while columns 1606, 1608 and 1610 indicate transmission of the pilot signal in each of the three sectors A, b and C cells, respectively. Therefore clicks the zoom, as in the example on Fig, each rectangle column 1606, 1608 and 1610, which corresponds to one of the rows from the first to the fifth inclusive, 1612, 1614, 1616, 1618, 1620, represents the step of transmitting the pilot signal at a specified manner within a specified sector. Although the colours used in each row, and are the same in each sector, as was disclosed above, when each of the times of the symbol corresponds to one and the same current time symbol, each of the tones, from the first to the fifth tone, inclusive, will be different. However, when each of the times symbol, from the first to the fifth will include may be the same or different.

It should be noted that in the embodiment according Fig at least one pilot signal transmit for each sector, when transmitting a zero pilot signal on the same tone in the adjacent sector. Also of note is the use of in-line 1620 of what was described as the zero cell, which facilitates the measurement of background noise.

On Fig is a diagram 1700, showing a three-sector version of the implementation, similar to the one shown on Fig, with pilot signals transmitted in each sector are described in more generalized way in terms of power levels. In the embodiment, by Fig presents the transmission 15 pilot signals P1 through P15, each pilot signal transmit at different times the symbols if, when each row corresponds to a different transmission period of the symbol. When each of these signals must be transmitted at the same time the symbol shown at three different time symbol, and the transmission time of each sector is a bit different, but corresponding essentially one and the same time the symbol that is used in other sectors.

As examples Fig and 16, the pilot signals of each line 1712, 1714, 1716, 1718, 1720 transmit using the same colors, but different rows may correspond to different colours. Although they are shown as transmitted in 5 different times of the symbol, as shown in the first column 1702, when take into account changes in time of the transmission sector, each rectangle, presented under the heading "Sector"may in fact correspond to different time symbol, and the time of character of each line is essentially overlap and are identical in the case of exact synchronization. The power level of each from the first to the 15-th pilot signal P1 through P15, presented in parentheses, for example, the transmission power for P1 is P1. While in some cases, such as for example Fig, supports two different power levels, it can support multiple power levels. The last line 1720 Fig is re the absolute ZERO pilot signal, using tone 5 in each of the sectors A, b and C, respectively, the power level of the pilot signals is equal to 0 in each case.

On Fig presents chart 1750, showing the transmission of signals on 10 different colours within a single period character. In the embodiment, by Fig 0 is used to represent ZERO pilot signal, whereas 1 is used to represent the pilot signal with the only known non-zero power level, which is usually higher than the power level with which the transferred data. D use the chart 1750 in order to illustrate the transmission of data in one of the sectors A, b and C. the Signal D data is usually passed on tone with a power level lower than the level of the pilot signal 1, and therefore it may not cause significant interference to the pilot signal in the neighboring sector. Data is typically passed in each of the sectors on additional colors not shown on Fig, within the presented time character. In the embodiment, OFDM according to the present invention in a given sector such additional data tones do not interfere with the colours of the pilot signal, since they are orthogonal to the tones used to transmit pilot signals. On Fig presents the method 1800 enable the wireless terminal to process the pilot is Ignatov, received from the base station 1200, which have been transferred in accordance with the present invention. The received pilot signals may be pilot signals that have been transmitted with known different transmit power levels, allowing the receiving device to perform various measurements and calculations of the signal, useful for identifying the various contributions of noise, such as background noise, as well as cross-sector interference.

The method 1800 begins at the initial node 1802 and passes the two execution paths starting at the steps 1804 and 1808, respectively. Two ways of processing can be carried out in parallel, for example, when transmit multiple pilot signals from different transmit power levels for the only time character, or sequentially, for example, in the case where pilot signals are passed sequentially, using the same tone, but with different power levels for different times of transmission of the symbol.

At step 1804 wireless terminal 1300 measures at least one of the amplitude and phase of the first pilot signal, which was transmitted power P1 of the transmission to produce a first measured signal value. The first measured signal value is then used at step 1806. At step 1806, the first value of the quality indicator channel is produced from the first measured the wow signal values according to the first function, f1, which uses at least mentioned the first measured signal value as input. The first value of the quality indicator channel, generated by the function f1 can be, for example, the value of SNR or power value of the signal corresponding to the aforementioned first received pilot signal. The function f1 can use other measurement signal and/or other information as input in addition to the first measured signal value when generating the first value of the quality indicator channel. The process goes from step 1806 at step 1812.

At step 1808, which can be performed in parallel with step 1804 in some embodiments, the implementation, the wireless terminal 1300 measures at least one of the amplitude and phase of the second pilot signal, which was transmitted from the power P2 of the transmission, and P2 different from P1. When measuring a second measured value signal, which is then used at step 1810. At step 1810, the second value of the quality indicator channel to generate a second measured signal values according to the second function as input. The second function different from the first mentioned functions and uses at least a second measured signal value as input, but can also use other measurement signal as the input Yes the data.

In some embodiments, the implementation of the second value of the quality indicator channel generated by the second function, is the value of the SNR, the corresponding second pilot signal, while in other embodiments, the implementation is the value of the power signal, for example an indicator of the power of the received signal corresponding to the second pilot signal. The process goes from step 1810 at step 1812.

At step 1812 wireless terminal 1300 determines the position of the wireless terminal relative to one or more sector boundaries on the measured signal values and/or other information the indicator values of the boundary points presented above. Using the relative edge position and/or other information generated at step 1812, at step 1814 wireless terminal 1300 generates the value of 1814 indicator of the boundary position, for example, having a value corresponding to one of the values that are presented in column 1 of Table 2. Having first and second values of the quality of channel steps 1806 and 1810, and the indicator value of the boundary position from step 1814, the process proceeds to step 1816 transmission, where the generated information is passed back to the base station 1200.

Step 1816 involves the transfer of the first and second values of the quality indicator channel and the indicator values of gr the border position, for example, as part of one or more messages. Two alternative ways of processing shown only by processing used in any particular implementation. The first processing path, starting with padata 1820 and ending in 1826, is the case where in a single message includes various information. The second path of processing beginning with step 1830 and ending step 1840, corresponds to the case when use different messages for transmission to each of the different values. Messages in this context should not be understood in a broad sense, they include signals that deliver specific value passed.

At step 1820, the first value of the indicator of the quality of the channel included in the first message. Then at step 1822, the second value of the indicator of the quality of the channel included in the first message. Then, at step 1824, the value of the boundary indicator provisions included in the first message. The first message is then passed to the base station 1200 at step 1816, for example, by sending the first message on line wireless. In various embodiments, the implementation is performed using one or more predetermined time slots of the control channel used for messages about the quality of the channel and/or other information reverse the ligature from the wireless terminal to the base station 1200. In the selection of the time interval the wireless terminal, using it for messages about the quality of the channel and transmit other information, other wireless terminals or devices in the sector will not use the time interval. Thus, through the use of selected time intervals avoid conflicts transmission. In addition, if the channel is allocated for transmission of specific information control value may be generated and transmitted in time intervals, without the need of sending headers or other information indicating that the mean reported values. Thus, the base station 1200 knows that the values transmitted in the control channel must have a certain pre-selected format and present, for example, the first and second values of the quality indicator channel, followed by the case of double-bit value of the indicator of the boundary conditions. Thus, the number of service data, such as utility headers, used for transmission of such messages and/or values can be minimized. Upon completion of phase 1826 transmission of the generated values, the process returns to steps 1804 and 1808, which perform signal measurements on the new pilot signal with a feedback process that continues to be repeated in time.

At step 1830, which corresponds to an additional transmission path values, which is shown in step 1816, the first value of the indicator of the quality of the channel included in the first message, for example the signal, which is then passed to the base station at step 1832. Then at step 1834, the second value of the quality indicator channel includes the second message, for example a signal which is passed to step 1836. The indicator value of the boundary position include phase 1838 in the third message, which is then passed to the base station 1200 at step 1840. As in the case of the consolidated message transmitted at step 8126, private messages sent on the stages 1832, 1836, and 1840 may be transmitted using the selected segments of the control channel allocated for transmission of feedback information. The process continues with step 1840 steps 1804 and 1808 with the processing of the generated feedback information of the channel and the message information to the base station 1200 with repetition over time.

On Fig presents a block diagram 1900 illustrating a method of activating a base station (BS) 1200, in accordance with the present invention, for example, to send tones of the pilot signal, and receiving and processing feedback information to determine the power level with which you want to transmit data signals. The method begins at step 190, on which base station 1200 includes lead in working condition. At step 1904, the transmitter 1204 base station associated with the multi-sector antenna 1205 transmits pilot signals in each sector, for example S0 1106, S1 1108, S2 1110, multi-sector cell, for example, 1104, at the same time synchronized manner using pre-defined power levels and tones so that when passing tones, pilot signal in each of the sectors, 1106, 1108, 1110 cell 1104 use the same set of tones, and they are transmitted in essentially the same time in each of the sectors, 1106, 1108, 1110. The transmission of pilot tones signal at step 1904 is performed under the control routine 1230 generation and transmission of the pilot signal using information about 1236 power level of the pilot tone signal and the tone information 1238. The process proceeds to step 1906 where BS 1200 receives messages from at least one wireless terminal BT 1300, which includes, for example, the set of values for the indicator of channel quality, for example the first and second values of the quality indicator channel, and the information of the position of the boundary sector. Messages get running routine 1260 processing of received signals contained in the base station 1200. At step 1908, the base station under the control of the module 1262 retrieve the value of the quality indicator channel remove the AET, at least two different values of 1250 quality indicator channel, for example, from a single message or multiple messages received from the wireless terminal 1300. In some embodiments, the implementation of each value of the quality indicator channel is in a separate message. In other embodiments, implementation, multiple values of the indicator of the quality of the channel included in a single message from BT 1300. Then at step 1910 the base station 1200 running module 1264 retrieve status information retrieves information of position from the received messages, such as the value of the indicator of the position of the boundary, indicating the position of the wireless terminal 1300 relatively boundaries in multi-sector cell. This information provisions could be transferred to BT 1300 in a separate message, or could be included in the message, which includes the value of the quality indicator channel. This information may identify whether BT 1300 near the border of the sector, and to identify a border sector, for example to identify the neighboring sector, from which they receive a higher level of interference dependent power transfer. Information border sector, extracted from the received message, retain information 1252 the position of the boundary sector in BS 1200.

Moving to step 1912, the gas station 1200 running routine 1226 computing power transmission calculates from, at least first and second values 1250 quality indicator channel, the amount of transmit power required to achieve the desired relationship of signal to noise ratio at the above-mentioned wireless terminal 1300, from which were obtained the aforementioned first and second values 1250 quality indicator channel. At step 1914 module 1225 scheduler of the base station 1225 makes decisions planning for the wireless terminal 1300. On podate 1916 scheduler 1225 base station decides to BT 1300 on the basis of a certain SNR, for example, the BS 1200 planning segments for BT on 1300 channels with transmit power levels, which will lead to a received SNR BT 1300 above the minimum acceptable level for the used data rate and coding scheme. On podate 1918 scheduler 1225 BS 1200 decides to BT 1300 on the basis of information in 1252 the position of the boundary sector, for example, BT 1300, identified as being near the border of the sector, the base station 1200 allocates segments of the channel BT 1300 with the corresponding segments of the channel in the adjacent sector with no transmit power. At step 1920, the transmitter 1205 BS 1200 transmits a signal, which may include, for example, user data 1244, which was encoded by the encoder 1214 running signal subroutine in 1228 planned in EMA, on these BT 1300 using transmit power, certain of these received at least two values 1250 quality indicator channel.

The process goes from step 1920 ago at step 1904, and the method is repeated. The base station 1200 will repeat the transmission of the pilot signals synchronized manner in each sector multi-sector cell at step 1904 on a regular basis. However, different wireless terminal 1300 may send messages including a set of values 1250 quality indicator channel and information 1252 the position of the boundary of the sector at different times and/or at different speeds, depending on factors such as the state of a process in which a wireless terminal, such as pausing, sleep mode.

The invention is aimed at ensuring, among other things, machine-readable medium, such as memory, CD-ROMs, etc. containing machine-executable commands, such as software modules or commands to the control processor or other device, to perform processing in accordance with one or more different stages of the method according to the present invention. Various methods and devices of the invention can be used in a wide range of communication systems, including OFDM, CDMA and other types of communication systems, but is not limited to only the about them.

1. The method of passing tones, pilot signal in a multi-sector cell, comprising at least a first sector and a second sector, the second sector is located next to the first-mentioned sector, the method comprises:
transmission using a first tone in said first sector during the first time the symbol of the first pilot signal having a first pre-selected transmission power;
transmission using the first tone in the above-mentioned second sector during the second time character, which overlaps mentioned first symbol, the second pilot signal having a second pre-selected transmission power, which is different from the first pre-selected transmission power;
transmission using the second tone in said first sector during the third time symbol of the third pilot signal having a third pre-selected transmission power;
transmission using the second tone in the above-mentioned second sector during the fourth time character, which overlaps the mentioned third symbol, the fourth pilot signal having a fourth pre-selected transmission power, which is different from the aforementioned third pre-selected transmission power;
transmission using third tone in the above partycenter for the fifth time, the fifth symbol of the pilot signal, with the fifth pre-selected transmission power.

2. The method according to claim 1, additionally containing transmission using the third tone in the above-mentioned second sector during the sixth time character.

3. The method according to claim 1, in which the above-mentioned second, third, and fifth pre-selected transmission power are the same.

4. The method according to claim 1, in which the above-mentioned second pre-selected transmission power is zero, second, third, fifth and sixth pilot signals are zero pilot signals.

5. The method of passing tones, pilot signal in a multi-sector cell, comprising at least a first sector and a second sector, the second sector is located next to the first-mentioned sector, the method comprises:
transmission using a first tone in said first sector during the first time the symbol of the first pilot signal having a first pre-selected transmission power; and
transmission using the first tone in the above-mentioned second sector during the second time character, which overlaps mentioned first symbol, the second pilot signal having a second pre-selected transmission power, which is different from the first pre-selected transmission power, and the aforementioned multi-sector cell additionally VK is uchet in a third sector, and mentioned the third sector is located next to the said second sector.

6. The method of passing tones, pilot signal in a multi-sector cell, comprising at least a first sector and a second sector, the second sector is located next to the first-mentioned sector, the method comprises:
transmission using a first tone in said first sector during the first time the symbol of the first pilot signal having a first pre-selected transmission power;
transmission using the first tone in the above-mentioned second sector during the second time character, which overlaps mentioned first symbol, the second pilot signal having a second pre-selected transmission power, which is different from the first pre-selected transmission power; and
transmission using the first tone in the third sector for the ninth time symbol ninth signal, which is one of the pilot control signal and the pilot signal data, and mentioned the ninth time symbol overlaps the aforementioned first and second times of the symbol.

7. The mode of transmission of pilot signals in a multi-sector cell, and multi-sector cell includes at least first, second and third sectors, each of the first, second and third sector is located near, at least one other one of the above first, second and third sectors in the above cell, the method comprises:
transmission during at least part of the first-time character:
the first pilot signal on the first tone in the first sector using a first pre-selected transmission power;
the second pilot signal on the first tone in the second sector using a second pre-selected transmission power, which is different from the first pre-selected transmission power; and
transmission during at least part of the second time symbol:
the fourth pilot signal on the first tone in the first sector, using a fourth pre-selected transmission power