Magnetoelectric generator

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: in a magnetoelectric generator a rotor contains a disc fixed at a shaft whereat a ring-shaped line of permanent magnets with alternating polarity is mounted. The magnets are regularly spaced in regard to each other. A stator contains two parallel plates and the stator windings are placed between them at cores of electric steel, which are fixed at the stator plates. The cores are made as two rings and there are protrusions at their surfaces faced to each other. Width of the protrusion B is equal to half of the permanent magnet C width. Protrusions of one core are off-centred in regard to protrusions of the other core to the half of the permanent magnet C width.

EFFECT: increasing power of the generator and reduction of the output voltage fluctuation due to provision of a minimum and permanent gap between the stator and rotor components.

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The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, namely low-speed electric generators, and can be used in particular in wind turbines.

Known low-speed magneto generator containing an annular series of stator windings on an iron core sheets or extruded iron powder and a corresponding annular series of permanent magnets of the rotor, in particular a synchronous machine with permanent magnetization for a sinusoidal voltage, the concentrated windings are made and not distributed in the slots, the cores with windings are interleaved with iron core without windings, so that every second iron core has a winding, the number of intervals between the cores is different from the number of poles, the number of intervals between the cores s and the number of poles p follows the expression |s-p|=2·m and s=12·n·m, where n and m are natural numbers, and the machine is designed for three-phase voltage with a series connection of adjacent coils to obtain ·m such groups per phase, which can be connected in series or parallel, EN 2234788 C2.

The disadvantage of this generator is the low coefficient of performance (COP), since the winding in the annular row are located at a considerable distance from each other and IOM is NT find magnets in the gap between the windings EMF in them not induced.

Also known magneto-electric generator, the rotor is equipped with permanent magnets and the stator contains two parallel plates in the form of interconnected disks, between which is placed a winding; a stator has a magnetic circuit in the form of flat rings, RU 2168062.

This solution has the same drawback as described above, the analogue of (EN 2234788 C2): low efficiency for the same reason. In addition, with the passage of permanent magnets of the rotor above the cores of the windings of the stator is mutual attraction of the permanent magnets of the rotor and of the cores of the windings of the stator (the so-called effect of "sticking" of the rotor), making it difficult to start the generator and creates a lot of noise during its operation.

Some of the increase in the efficiency of the generator, reducing the starting torque and the noise level during operation is provided in a magneto generator, the rotor is equipped with permanent magnets and the stator contains two parallel plates, between which is placed an annular winding, the rotor is constructed of two mounted on a shaft parallel disks, each of which facing each other surfaces placed annular series of permanent magnets located in each row of equidistant, the polarity of the permanent magnets of each row alternates, with polysubstance magnets of one row facing toward opposite poles of the permanent magnets of the other series, and an annular stator winding is made in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, the sides of which are located radially relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and the ring sections of the windings at the bases of the trapezoid are bent in an arc, an annular winding pairs are inserted into each other, the distance l between the sections of the annular windings at the bases of the trapezoid is larger than the width b of the annular series of permanent magnets, EN 94083 U1.

In this device, the magnetic circuit includes a rotor disk and the permanent magnets of the rotor. However, the permanent magnets of one disk are located at a considerable distance from the permanent magnets of the other disk, which is determined by the dimensions of the windings of the stator. An air gap between the rows of permanent magnets represents a significant magnetic resistance, significantly reducing the magnetic field strength in the circuit, which reduces induced in the windings of the stator EMF and, accordingly, the efficiency of the generator.

Known magneto-electric generator, the rotor of which contains fixed on the shaft of the drive on which is placed an annular series of permanent magnets with alternating polarity, located equidistant relative to each other, and the stator contains two parallel plates, between which is placed a winding, the stator winding is placed on the U-shaped cores of El is strategicheskoi steel which are mounted on the plates of the stator, EN 109349 U1.

This solution is accepted as the prototype of the present invention.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the following. For maximum magnetoelectric generator, the gap between the cores of the windings of the stator and the surfaces of the permanent magnets of the rotor should be minimal and uniform. However, since the cores of the windings of the stator are not a single design, and are separate with respect to each other elements, each of which is independently attached to a corresponding plate of the stator, the provision of the above minimum and uniform gap is almost impossible; the ends of the U-shaped elements must lie in the same plane, this plane should be parallel to the corresponding surface of the annular series of permanent magnets. However, if the individual cores of the windings of the stator mounting and adjustment of the provisions in the conditions of strong interaction with the permanent magnets, and also taking into account the vibration of the shaft and rigidly connected with the stator does not allow to meet these requirements. In the end, including to prevent the contact elements of the stator and rotor, the gap between the cores of the windings of the stator and the permanent magnets p is the Torah must be increased. This leads to loss of power, and due to the unevenness of the gap to the fluctuations of the output voltage of the generator.

The present invention is to increase the power of the generator and reducing fluctuations in the output voltage by providing a minimum and a constant gap between the stator elements and the rotor.

According to the invention in a magneto-electric generator, the rotor of which contains fixed on the shaft of the drive on which is placed an annular series of permanent magnets with alternating polarity, located equidistant relative to each other, and the stator contains two parallel plates between which the cores of electrical steel, mounted on the stator plates placed stator winding, the cores made in the form of two rings, facing each other, the surfaces of which made the tabs, the width of the ledge is the half-width of the permanent magnet, with the tabs of one of the cores are displaced circumferentially relative to the protrusions of the other core half-width, constant the magnet.

The applicant has not identified any technical solution that is identical to the declared that allows to make a conclusion about conformity of the invention, the criterion of "Novelty".

Since the cores of the windings of the stator are deniability, each of which is a ring, facing each other, the surfaces of the protrusions, the surface of these projections can be processed for a single installation of the core and the machining tool. This provides the location of the surfaces of the projections strictly in one plane that will ensure a minimum and uniform gap between the cores of the windings of the stator and the surfaces of the permanent magnets of the rotor of the generator. This ensures the achievement of the technical result consists in increasing the power and reducing fluctuations in the output voltage of the generator.

The applicant has not identified the sources of information, which would contain information about the impact of the distinctive features of invention technical result achieved. These new properties of an object determine, according to the applicant, according to the invention, the criterion of "Inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which shows:

figure 1 is a - front view;

figure 2 - section a-a in figure 1;

figure 3 - cross-section B-B in figure 1;

figure 4 is a fragment of the core windings in a perspective view.

Magnetoelectric generator includes a rotor comprising a fixed shaft 1 disk 2 made of duralumin. On disk 2 is placed an annular series of postenrichment 3 of rectangular shape with alternating polarity (figure 1). The magnets 3 are equidistant relative to each other. The stator of the generator contains two parallel plates 4, 5 made of a nonmagnetic material, in particular aluminum alloy. Plates 4, 5 are associated with the shaft 1 by means of bearings 6, 7. On the plates 4, 5 of the stator reinforced cores of electrical steel, made in the form of two rings 8, 9, facing each other, the surfaces of which are made, for example, by milling, the protrusions 10, 11, respectively. Width of each protrusion is half the width of the permanent magnet 3. The projections 10 on the ring 8 are offset from the protrusions 11 on the ring 9 by half the width of the permanent magnet 3 (C/2). The gaps between the permanent magnets 3 are filled epoxy compound 12. On the periphery of the permanent magnets 3 tied bandage tape 13. The cores of electrical steel posted winding 14 of the stator. In the drawings, the example of the winding 14 is placed on the protrusions 10, 11 cores, it is also possible placement of the windings 14 on the cores between the projections 10, 11, but the latter is somewhat more complicated in terms of technology.

The device operates as follows.

When the shaft 1 with disk 2 to the surfaces of the projections 10, 11, alternately, suitable pole permanent magnets 3 of the opposite polarity, because what happens is the magnetic flux in the cores of electrical steel. As a result, in the windings 14, placed on the protrusions 10, 11 cores or between the projections, the induced EMF. Because the cores are common elements of a ring with the tabs and the surface of the protrusions processed for a single installation of the core and the machining tool, the surface protrusions of each core are strictly in one plane. Consequently the minimum and uniform gap between the cores of the windings of the stator and the surfaces of the permanent magnets 3. Since the width of the ledge is the half-width of the permanent magnet of the rotor and the protrusions of one of the cores are displaced circumferentially relative to the protrusions of the other core half width of the permanent magnet eliminates the effect of sticking of the rotor, which makes it difficult to start the generator and is the cause of noise during its operation. This is because the magnetic field cores mounted on the plate 4 of the stator, balances the magnetic field cores on the plate 5 of the stator. As a result, when any position of the rotor of the total component of the forces acting on practically zero.

For the manufacture of devices used ordinary materials of construction and plant equipment. This circumstance, according to the applicant, allows to conclude that this image is the buy meets the criterion of "Industrial applicability".

Magneto-electric generator, the rotor of which contains fixed on the shaft of the drive on which is placed an annular series of permanent magnets with alternating polarity, located equidistant relative to each other, and the stator contains two parallel plates between which the cores of electrical steel, mounted on the stator plates placed stator winding, characterized in that the cores are made in the form of two rings, facing each other, the surfaces of which made the tabs, the width of the ledge is the half-width of the permanent magnet, with the tabs of one of the cores are displaced circumferentially relative to the protrusions of the other core half-width a permanent magnet.