Device to clean pond from radioactive bottom deposits. RU patent 2513039.

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to nuclear power industry, in particular, to facilities for rehabilitation of environment when liquidating ponds with radioactive bottom deposits. The device for clean the pond from radioactive bottom deposits comprises a platform mounted on a pontoon with supports and a frame installed in supports with the possibility of vertical displacement with a receiving chamber made in the form of a rectangular tilted vessel. Suction nozzles of two pulsation valve submersible pumps, pumping and mixing, are submerged into the receiving chamber. The receiving chamber is connected to a compensating vessel that communicates via a filter to atmosphere, and via a check valve - to the pond. The injection pipeline of the mixing pulsation valve submersible pump is connected with a system of nozzles placed in a special manner inside the receiving chamber. The compressor is installed on the shore and is connected with a receiver, which is a part of pontoon vessels, with a flexible pipeline placed on floats. Operation of pumps is provided by air distributing devices, each comprising two valves, one valve is connected to a receiver, and the second one - via the filter to the ejector installed on the pontoon.

EFFECT: possibility to use jet erosion of bottom deposits and their discharge by pulsation pumps having high reliability.

5 cl, 4 dwg

The invention relates to the nuclear industry, and more specifically to the means of rehabilitation of the environment by eliminating pools with radioactive sediments.

In addition, it can be used for purification of waters from toxic bottom silt.

The main problem of decommissioning the outdoor pools-storehouses is the removal of radioactive sludge deposits beneath the layer of water. During long-term operation of the outdoor pools intended for the intermediate temporary storage of normative-clean, relatively pure water in their day has accumulated bottom silt sediments, containing radioactive isotopes, as cobalt-60, cesium 137. Currently, these bottom sludge deposits are stored under water. The height of the water layer above the deposits of approximately 4 m, with a layer of water is the biological protection to help prevent the spread of radioactive sediments. When decommissioning pools-storehouses, initially, you must remove the main part of the radioactive sludge deposits from under the protective layer of the water and send them for processing (drying), and then transfer the water from the basin to clean, and after filling turn released pool in a green lawn.

A device for cleaning of water ponds from the bottom sediments (RF patent №2439250 E02F 5/28, E02F 3/88)containing two sealed loading and unloading containers, each of which is provided with a pipe for air supply, installed in the upper part of pipe suction bottom sediments, established in its lower part, and the pipe for draining slurry in General lifting pipe, installed in the bottom of the tank. The device is equipped with common to the two tanks gruntsgabalam node bucket type, which is closed suction connections for sediments from both tanks and an additional air outlet and main pipes air supply, installed in each tank, have a branch for the supply of air in the bottom part of sealed containers. In the upper part of closed containers on the air outlet installed valve.

The disadvantage of the device when you remove radioactive sediment is that when issuing deposits compressed air from the receiver high pressure is served in the lower part of closed containers and, passing through the layer of radioactive pulp in airtight containers, contaminated. Because compressed air exhaust after issuing pulp again is served in a receiver low pressure, and then into the compressor, reuse waste of compressed air, contaminated with radioactive aerosols, will lead to radioactive contamination of the compressor.

In addition, the air-feed in the bucket gruntsgabala the device will cause it to break in the pool and removal of suspended particles, radioactive sediment to the surface of the pool.

The efficiency of the known installation is limited by the height of the water column above the sealed containers. Filling pulp sealed containers connected through the receiver of the low pressure suction inlet of the compressor, is possible only under the hydrostatic pressure of the column of water in the reservoir, as the compressor creates not to the suction vacuum pressure, necessary for filling sealed containers at the pond at small depths. On this basis, the performance of the known installation is limited by the height of the water column above the sealed containers.

Known device to release the storage tanks of radioactive waste, in particular pulsation valve submersible pump, including the case, reported from the bottom nozzles through pipes and camera bottom nozzles inside the shaft, provided with a valve and coupled through the sliding bearings, gear gear and the rack with the drives turn and change the depth of nozzles, Polaroid, intake valve ball with stop lifting the ball, injection pipe with outlet ball valve (see RF patent №2 249 269, IPC 7 G21F 9/28, F04F 1/02).

Known device allows for various positions of the valve whole volume of the working fluid displaced from housing, feeding on the bottom nozzles or in the discharge line and implement inkjet erosion of sediment, its dissolution, suspending, and the issuance of the formed suspension from the tank.

The disadvantages of this pump is that dissolving and suspending of sediment, and the issuance of the suspension from the vessel can only be done separately. After dissolving and suspending sediment drive changes the depth of nozzles changing the position of the valve and the pump is switched to the mode of issuing from the tank. When working in the mode of issuing insoluble solid phase sludge is not supported in suspension in suspension and, settling to the bottom of the depression in the Deposit remains in the vessel, which reduces the efficiency of the famous pump. Known pump is designed for operation in a hollow in the Deposit, located in the tank when washing away nozzles sediment is carried away from the suction, but goes back to the suction pipe only by sliding down the slope of the basin. In the presence of fine-grained sediment deposits, for example, ion-exchange resins, they must be submitted to the suction pipe known pump other devices.

At the same time immersed in a container with radioactive waste of the pump is simple in design, high reliability and practically does not require repairs during operation, which reduces radiation exposure to staff. Operating experience of pulse valve submersible pumps showed that simple in design submersible vessel with radioactive waste pump parts are of high reliability and maintenance-free during operation, reducing maintenance costs and the radiation exposure to staff.

A device for cleaning of tank from radioactive sediments, including the platform with swinging bearings mounted on floating tool set in swinging supports frame, gutter with a fence in the form of ribs and located on the edges of base runners. Inside the gutter is installed a shaft with two differently directed helical knives with variable step, increasing to an average part of the gutter, where the intake chamber. Reception chamber is equipped with a nozzle and immersed in her suction inlet of the pump, while the discharge of the pump is connected to the control remote control valves, which are connected with transporting the sediment Flex and nozzle inlet chamber (see patent №2089951, CL G21F 9/34, 1995). The specified device is selected by the applicant as a prototype.

The main drawback of this device is that the receiving chamber, which helical knives served sediment from the bottom of the pool, not isolated from the rest of the pool. During the work of the known device, especially when applying the receiving chamber of the parts generated by the pump pulp happens got into the pool and pollution of the protective layer of water. This will worsen the labour conditions and radiation safety during maintenance known device.

Cutting helical knives the layer of bottom sediments is limited in height, so at considerable depth of the layer known device, you need to pass a few times on the same trajectory. Cut layer of sediment enters the receiving chamber of lumps of various sizes and their penetration into the pump suction pump and transfer via pipeline can be difficult.

In addition, there are swimming pools-vault, which lies at the bottom sand and gravel. During the work of the known device layer of sand and gravel may be submitted helical knives the receiving chamber, hammering it, and if it enters the pipeline may lead to blockage of the pipeline.

Limit to apply the known device is its complexity in maintenance and repair when damaged. For example, to repair dip in the swimming pool of the machine, you must extract the known device of a pool in a special location on the shore for decontamination and repair.

The technical result, which can be obtained by carrying out the invention is getting isolated from the rest of the basin area of sediment and water over them, jet washout of bottom sediments, the issuance of a suspension, minimize exit suspension beyond the isolated area and improvement of radiation safety.

In another particular case, as the floating tools used pontoon connected with the endless rope installed on the shore of the winch and the tap-off unit, part of the vessels of the pontoon is the receiver of compressed air as a source of compressed air is used compressor mounted on the beach and connected to the receiver Flex placed on floats, and as a source of vacuum ejector installed on the floating tool.

Given the operating environment, the air-distributing device contains two quick-acting valve, one of which is connected to the receiver, and the second through the filter to the vacuum source.

Also bearing in mind the particular conditions of use, the device has a remote computer control system containing personal computer is a programmable microcontroller and modems connected, the program provides lock, stipulating the impossibility of turning winch if omitted in the bottom sediments of the inlet chamber.

Dive into the intake chamber suction nozzles two pulse valve submersible pumps, pumping and mixing allowed to use the jet washout of bottom sludge circulating water in the receiving chamber, and issue the formed suspension it. The use of jet washout of bottom sediments does not require the use of mechanical devices for comminution: helical knives, chain drives, drives. The use of simple and reliable pulse valve submersible pumps can virtually eliminate their maintenance and repair during operation and, thus, to ensure radiation safety of personnel.

The implementation of the reception chamber in the form of rectangular upturned vessel allows to isolate from the rest of the basin area of the bottom sediments of water over them, to use inside the reception chamber jet washout of bottom sediments and implement their issuance of the reception chamber in the form of suspension.

The connection of the reception chamber with a compensating vessel, communicating through a filter with the atmosphere, allows you to compensate for the increase or decrease of the volume of water in the receiving chamber when filling or replacement of water from the body mixing pump. In the implementation of erosion of sludge deposits and issuance of the formed suspension, exclusion of water from the body mixing pump in the jet begins simultaneously with filling suspension casing suction pump.

Due to the fact that the pressure of compressed air, when dewatering of buildings exceeds the hydrostatic pressure at their fill, and duration of filling buildings exceeds the duration of water displacement of them. Therefore, the surplus of the displaced water from buildings mixing pump temporarily enters compensating the vessel, and then returns to the receiving chamber.

The connection of the reception chamber with a compensating vessel, communicating through a check valve with a swimming pool, allows continuous operation, mixers and pumps add the receiving chamber of the water through the check valve compensating vessel issued in exchange of the reception chamber of suspension. Due to the fact that the opening of the return valve occurs when water level drop in the presence of compensating vessel, due to the issuance of the suspension of the reception chamber, in some time intervals the water pressure in the inlet chamber is less than the hydrostatic pressure of water column in the pool above the receiving cell.

The result from the pressure difference over the receiving cell and inside of her on the cover of the reception chamber will be affected more by weight of effort, plunging receiving chamber in bottom sediments.

Thus, the supply of water to the receiving chamber of the compensating vessel or refund of water in excess of the vessel, as well as additional to the weight force that is plunging the receiving chamber in bottom sediments, allow at operation of the device to minimize the exit suspension outside of the reception chamber.

Connection of injection pipe mixing pulse valve submersible pump system with nozzles inside the reception chamber, allows inkjet scouring sludge deposits in the receiving chamber, using the amount of water found in the inlet chamber and, thereby, to get in the result of washout of a suspension of the required density.

Installing nozzles in the corners of the reception chamber and direction parallel to the lateral walls allows scouring sludge deposits near the side walls of the reception chamber and facilitate the implementation of the reception chamber in sludge deposits.

Installing nozzles on the cover of the reception chamber and their placement on the lines angled to the adjacent lateral walls is equal to the angle of expansion of flooded jets, and the direction of the nozzles to the suction pipe suction pump, allows the sediment eroded located on the corners of the reception chamber nozzles, redirect to the suction pipe suction pump, implement washout of bottom sediments throughout the area of the reception chamber, increasing, thus, the efficiency of the device.

Joining in the particular case to the frame of the rope passing through the unit, installed on a frame, setting on the platform of the remote-controlled winches, connection nipples pulse valve submersible pumps with remote control valve and air-distributing devices flexible pipelines enabled the transfer of the suggested device pool, raising the frame with the selection camera and pulse valve submersible pumps in the upper position, and after the device at a certain location to get them down to implementation of the admissions the camera in the bottom sediments.

Use as floating funds pontoon, United endless cable installed on the shore winch move and block, allows movement of the pontoon at the pool with stops to remove sediment in all their depth.

The use of part of the vessels of the pontoon as a compressed air accumulator allows to provide only a marginal drop in air pressure at the time of its filing in the case of pulse valve submersible pumps. This allows the displacement of water from corps mixing pump to save energy streams arising out of the nozzles to the end of the duration of the displacement, during displacement of water from corps suction pump to get a practically constant value discharge pressure.

Use as a source of compressed air compressor mounted on the beach and connected to the receiver Flex placed on floats, allows the maintenance of the compressor without access to the pontoon and, thereby, enhance security when using it.

Use as a source of vacuum ejector installed on the floating tool that allows to ensure the operability of the device when removing sludge deposits with shallow pool. The duration of filling of casings pulse valve submersible pumps depends on the hydrostatic pressure of the water above the pumps. Owing to depression, supplied by the ejector in a body of pumps by their fill, the duration of filling pump housing is reduced, and thus increases the efficiency of the device, including when working at small depths.

The inclusion of each air-distributing devices two quick-acting valve, attach one of them to the receiver, and the second through the filter to the vacuum source, enables alternate flow in a casing pumps of vacuum and pressure. Thus, when opening a valve compressed air in one of the buildings, the second building is connected with filter and source of depression and Vice versa, that allows to organize work for mixing and pumps in antiphase. When the displacement of water from the body mixing pump jet arising from nozzles, eroding sediments, and the resulting suspension is to be filled at the same time casing suction pump. This allows to increase the efficiency of issue of bottom sediments and implement an erosion and issuing including Bystritskaya suspensions, such as ion exchange resins, located on the bottom of the pool.

The supply of the remote computer control system that contains a programmable microcontroller, the operator panel and modem connection, can be installed on the control panel defined empirically duration of filling and displacement of water from the pump bodies, algorithms of their work and blocking and, thereby, to ensure safety during operation of the device.

The presence in the program the microcontroller lock, stipulating the impossibility of turning winch move if omitted in bottom sediments of the receiving chamber eliminates the failure of the device with the error of the operator and, thereby, improve the safety at work.

The proposed device is illustrated by drawings, presented in figure 1, figure 2, figure 3 and figure 4.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the device in figure 2 - section a-a in figure 1, figure 3 - section B-B in figure 2, figure 4 - section b-b In figure 3.

The proposed device (see figure 1) contains the pontoon 1, which is connected with the endless rope 2 winch 3 and the tap-off unit 4. A part of capacities of the pontoon 1 serving as the receiver 5 compressed air is connected with compressor 6 flexible sleeve 7 installed on floats 8.

On the pontoon 1 installed (see figure 2) platform 9 with supports 10, which is installed with the possibility of vertical travel of the rack frame 11 12. Hours 11 in the upper part attached to traverse 13, on which the console is installed 14 unit 15. Traverse 13 Kanat 16, passing through a block of 15, is attached(see figure 3) for the winding 17.

In the lower part to the racks 12 secures the receiving chamber of 18 in the form of upturned vessel with the side walls 19 and cover 20. On the cover 20 is set to pulse valve submersible pumps: pumping 21 and mixing 22, suction connections 23 with the intake valves 24 entered the receiving chamber of 18.

prevent the ingress of water into the filter 28 on the pipeline 27 is the valve 32 floating in the water ball 33. Compensating vessel 26 also equipped with check valve 34 serving for the replenishment of the reception chamber 18 water in the issuance of the suspension from it.

A suction pump 21 contains a body 35, injection pipe with 36 return valve 37 and polysaprobic 38, connected Flex 39 with air-distributing device 40. Mixing pump contains 22 building 41, injection pipe 42 and polysaprobic 43 that Flex 44 connected to the air-distributing device 45.

Air-distributing device consists of 40 two quick-acting valves 46 and 47. Air-distributing device 45 also consists of two high-speed valves 48 and 49. Valves 46 and 48 pipeline 50 is connected to the receiver 5 and valves 47 and 49 pipeline 51 attached to the filter 28.

As a quick-acting valves 46, 47, 48 and 49 are used valves Japanese firm SMC, which proved their high reliability in their operation.

The discharge line 36 suction pump 21 is connected Flex 52 through the remote control valve 53 with Flex 54, established on floats 8 together with the flexible sleeve 7.

The discharge line 42 (see figure 4) mixing pump 22 piped 55 with header 56 nozzle system containing a nozzle 57 installed in the corners of the reception chamber 18 and directed sideways 19 and nozzle 58 installed on the cover 20 of the reception chamber on 18 lines, angled to the adjacent lateral walls 19, equal to the angle and expansion of flooded jets, and directed to the suction pipe 23 suction pump 21.

The angle of? expansion jets submerged in water is 13-15 degrees. Nozzle 57 and 58 directed at an angle to the precipitate. Control system (not shown) is located on the beach and consists of a personal computer is a programmable microprocessor controller, the operator panel and modem connection.

The proposed device works as follows.

Before transportation facilities reception camera with 18 attached to it pumps 21 and 22 remotely controlled winch 17 translated in the upper position. Using the winch 3 the proposed device is displayed on the desired coordinate. Frame 11 together with mounted on it by the admission camera 18 and pumps 21 and 22 winch 17 lowered until the rope 16 sagging, indicating that the implementation of the walls 19 of the reception chamber 18 in bottom sediments. To further implementation of the walls 19 of the reception chamber 18 under their own weight in the bottom sediments when lowering the air inlet chamber 18 and buildings 35 and 41 pumps 21 and 22 through open valves 47 and 51 air-distributing devices, 40 and 45 take the rap through the filter 28 in the atmosphere. On a personal computer operator are defined empirically values length of filling and displacement of water from buildings 35 and 41. Compressor 6 for flexible sleeve 7 that is located on floats 8, compressed air is blown into the receiver 5. Then the valves 46, 47, 48 and 49 are in the original closed position. Software on a personal computer algorithm valves 46, 47, 48 and 49 installed as follows. The starting of the work, taking into account already filled with water buildings 35 and 41 pumps 21 and 22 when submerged, initially, the valve opens 46, feeding the compressed air from the receiver 5 in the case of 35. This water is displaced from the chassis 35 suction pump 21 to discharge through the reverse pipeline 35 36 and open the shut-off valve 53 in Flex 54 and next in the pipeline is located on the coast line (not shown). After finding valve 46 in the open position within a specified length of displacement, the valve 46 is closed and then opened simultaneously valves 48 and 47. When you open them through the valve 48 in case 41 mixing pump 22 served compressed air from the receiver 5, building 35 suction pump 21 connects through the filter 28 with the atmosphere. At the same time is the replacement of water from the chassis 41 mixing pump 22 and fill the housing 35 suction pump 21 under the hydrostatic pressure of the water column in the pool. Displaced from housing 41 water flows into the discharge line 42 and further along the pipeline 55 and reservoir 56 in the nozzle 57 and 58. Resulting from jet nozzles 57, parallel to the adjacent walls 19 of the reception chamber 18 eroding sediments located near the walls 19. Resulting from jet nozzles 58 installed on the lines, angled extension flooded jets 13-15 degrees, not only eroding sediments, but also pick up blurred nozzles 57 deposits and send them to the suction pipe 23 fill in this time of the chassis 35 suction pump 21.

After a specified length of displacement from the chassis 41 and fill the body of 35 are closed valves 48 and 47, respectively. Since the duration of the displacement, as a rule, exceeds the duration of filling, then some part of the displaced from the chassis 41 the receiving chamber of 18 water will temporarily return in excess of the vessel 26. Next, open the valves 46 and 49, in this case 35 connected with a receiver 5, building 41 - through the filter 28 with the atmosphere and the process of displacement of water from the chassis 35 and fill the body 41 repeats. At the same time, through the open valve 49 frst discharge of exhaust air from the chassis 41 through the filter 28 in the atmosphere, and then filling with water from the reception chamber 18. Issued a suction pump 21 of the reception chamber volume 18 suspension is regularly updated by the automatic opening of the return valve 34 installed on compensative vessel 26. Replenishment of water inlet chamber 18 through check valve 34 will take some period of time during which the water pressure in the inlet chamber of 18 will be lower than the hydrostatic pressure of water column in the pool. In this period of time due to the pressure difference over and under a cover of 20, on the cover 20 of the reception chamber 18 will impact force, contributing to its immersion in bottom sediments, which minimizes the exit suspension outside of the reception chamber 18.

Work of the device at the depth of the basin is less than 3 m is carried out by applying the operating compressed air pipeline through 30, valves and valve 31 on the ejector 29. The value of the vacuum ejector 29 is determined by the number applied to the ejector working compressed air. Adding to the hydrostatic pressure of water column in the pool corresponding values rarefaction from ejector 29, served in the corps 35 and 41 through valves 47 and 49 can be installed in different duration of filling of buildings 35 and 41.

During operation of the device at shallow depths using vacuum ejector 29, preventing the ingress of water into the filter 28 of compensating vessel 26 above pumps 21 and 22, is the valve 33. The water is rising in the presence of compensating vessel 26 under the action of vacuum lifts floating ball 33, pushing him to the seat 33, thereby blocking the entry of water into the filter 28 of compensating vessel 26.

After full removal of bottom sediments beneath receiving cell 18, as a result of several cycles of their erosion and issue fixed by the lack of immersion of the reception chamber 18 in bottom sediments, as well as measurements, the proposed device moves winch 3 step, slightly higher than the size of the receiving camera 18, and the process of erosion and issuance of bottom sediments is repeated. After the issue of bottom sediments along the entire line of action between the winch 3 and unit 4, remaining gaps sediment can be removed in a similar manner with stops of the device over these periods. Next winch 3 and unit 4 move along the coastline on the step, slightly higher than the size of the receiving camera 18 and the process of erosion and issuance of bottom sediments is repeated on a new line of motion of the device.

The greatest quantity of radioactive sediment is concentrated near the drain lines, and in the basin there are lots with a minimum number of bottom sediments. On these sections of the basin and are determined empirically modes of operation, the duration of filling and displacement of water from buildings 35 and 41, size of a vacuum ejector 29 at different depths, and other parameters of work of the device.

1. Device for cleaning of the pool from radioactive sediments, including the platform mounted on floating tool and provided with supports, installed in the bearings with the possibility of vertical movement of the frame with the selection camera, equipped with nozzles and submerged in her suction pipe suction pump that is connected to the remote control valve is connected with transporting the sediment Flex different

the fact that the receiving chamber of submerged suction connections two pulse valve submersible pumps, pumping and mixing, receiving chamber is made in the form of rectangular upturned vessel, connected with a compensating vessel, communicating through a filter with the atmosphere, and through the non-return valve with a swimming pool the discharge line mixing pulse valve submersible pump is connected with the system of nozzles inside the reception chamber containing a nozzle mounted in the corners of the reception chamber and directed parallel to her side, and nozzles mounted on the cover of the reception chamber and placed along the lines angled to the adjacent lateral walls is equal to the angle of expansion of flooded jets, and directed to the suction pipe suction pump.

3. Device for cleaning of the pool from radioactive sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that, as the floating tools used pontoon connected with the endless rope installed on the shore of the winch and the tap-off unit, part of the vessels of the pontoon is the receiver of compressed air as a source of compressed air is used compressor mounted on the beach and connected to the receiver Flex placed on floats, and as a source of vacuum ejector installed on the floating tool.

4. Device for cleaning of the pool from radioactive sediments according to claim 1, wherein the air-distributing device contains two quick-acting valve, one of which is connected to the receiver, and the second through the filter to the vacuum source.

5. Device for cleaning of the pool from radioactive sediments according to claim 1, wherein it is provided with a remote computer control system that contains a programmable microcontroller, the operator panel and modems connected, the program provides lock, stipulating the impossibility of turning winch if omitted in the bottom sediments of the inlet chamber.