RussianPatents.com
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Mixture for ceramic material based on zirconium and aluminium oxides and zirconium nitride. RU patent 2455261. |
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FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ceramic material science, particularly to production of ceramic material based on heat-resistant non-oxygen and oxide compounds, characterised by high strength and crack-resistance, and can be used to make a cutting tool, in oil and gas industry (valve devices and sealing rings of pumps), in making nozzle extensions for air-sand blowers and chemical solution sprayers. The ceramic material is obtained from a mixture which contains components in the following ratio, wt %: Al2O3 10-40, ZrN 20-65, ZrO2 - the balance, at sintering temperature 1700-1800°C and nitrogen pressure during sintering of 0.10-0.12 MPa without a complex operation for isostatic moulding using high pressure. EFFECT: obtaining ceramic material with high crack-resistance (coefficient of intensity of critical stress 7-14 MPa·m1/2 s) and bending strength 650-750 MPa. 1 tbl, 4 ex
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Method to develop structural ceramic material / 2450998 Charge is prepared, containing the following components, mol. %: SiC - 53-62, BN - 3-7, Al - 35-40, at the same time the rated quantity of aluminium is introduced in it in full volume, doing mechanical activation. Primary stocks are shaped from the charge, dried, exposed to vacuum sintering and grinding. After the secondary shaping the stocks are dried, sintered in vacuum, nitrified at the temperature of 1050°C, and thermal treatment is carried out at 1400°C. Vacuum sintering is carried out at the temperature of 1150±2°C. The produced structural ceramic material is characterised by higher density and strength: withstands compression stress of at least 450 MPa, bending stress - of at least 130 MPa at high working temperatures of the material (at least 1400°C). Shrinkage at the stage of cermet conversion into ceramics - not more than 0.5%. |
Method of producing polycrystalline cubic boron nitride with fine-grain structure / 2450855 Invention relates to production of polycrystalline cubic nitride with fine-grain structure. Cubic boron nitride-based polycrystalline material is produced by applying high pressure and temperature to charge containing composite powder with grain size of 4-100 nm including hexagonal boron nitride and aluminium nitride at the ratio of (4-6):1. Composite powder is produced by CBC-technology from boron-aluminium-nitrogen-containing compounds. Process is conducted at 60-120 kbar and 1700-2400°C in the region of thermodynamic stability of cubic boron for 15-60 s. |
Method of producing cubic boron nitride-based polycrystalline material / 2449831 Invention relates to producing cubic boron nitride-based polycrystalline material. Proposed method comprises subjecting charge containing composite powder BNr+AIN with grain size of 4-100 nm obtained in SAA-process from boron-aluminium-nitrogen-containing compounds, cubic boron nitride and catalyst, to high pressure and temperature, at the following ratio of components, in wt %: BNr+AIN - 65-75, cubic BNr - 15-25, catalyst - 3-10. Ratio of hexagonal boron nitride to aluminium nitride in composite powder makes (4-6):1.Grain size of cubic boron nitride powder may make 1-40 mcm. Additionally, powder of hexagonal boron nitride with grain size of 1-40 mcm in amount of 1-15% wt % or silicon in amount of 0.1-1 wt % may be added to said charge. Synthesis is conducted at 60-120 kbar and 1700-2400°C for 15-60 s. |
Method of producing superconducting three-component boride / 2443627 Invention relates to chemical industry, particularly, to production of new superconducting boron-containing compounds. Proposed boride including lithium, vanadium and boron and having transition to superconducting state at 27 K is produced by sold-phase high-temperature synthesis of initial components made up of the mix of vanadium and boron powders with molar ratio of 1:2 and 0.3-0.5 mol of metallic lithium at 1000°C in vacuum of 10-4 Pa for 5 minutes. |
Method of producing aluminium nitride-based heat-conducting ceramic / 2433108 Invention relates to production of aluminium nitride-based heat-conducting ceramic which can be used in electronics and electrical engineering, particularly as substrate material for powerful microwave and power semiconductor devices, as well as other devices where there is need for good dielectric properties, strength and heat conductivity of the material. Powder of aluminium nitride with particle size less than 1 mcm, containing not less than 10% cubic phase of aluminium nitride with particle size less than 100 nm, and a technical additive selected from Y2O3, CaO, MgO in amount of not more than 6 wt % is used to prepare a mixture, with addition of not more than 65 vol. % organic component containing a solvent (mixture of methylethyl ketone with ethanol in ratio of 1:2), a dispersant (phosphate ether), binder (polyvinyl butyral) and a plasticiser (mixture of polyethylene glycol with dibutyl phthalate), followed by stirring with simultaneous deaeration for not less than 30 minutes rarefaction of air of not less than 0.15 atm. A belt is formed from the obtained slip, dried and cooled to room temperature. A plate is formed from the belt. The organic component is removed at temperature 150-500°C. The obtained half-finished product is sintered at pressure 0.1-1.0 MPa in the atmosphere of a nitrogen-containing gas at temperature 1650-1820°C for 1-3 hours and then cooled under given conditions. |
Superhard material / 2413699 Invention relates to production of superhard material which contains CVD diamond and which can be used in making a wheel dressing tool, a cutting, drilling tool etc. The surface of the CVD diamond is partially or completely covered by a shell under high pressure and temperature, where the said shell has a frame made from polycrystalline diamond (PCD) or polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) with a bond between diamond-diamond grains or cBN-cBN grains, between which an activating additive is placed. The surface area of the shell surrounding the CVD diamond is not less than 40% of the surface of the CVD diamond; said shell contains 70-95 wt % PCD or PCBN and 5-30 wt % activating additive. If the shell is made from polycrystalline material based on PCD, the activating additive contains silicon and/or at least one transition metal, and if made from polycrystalline material based on PCBN, the activating additive contains aluminium and/or nitrides, borides and/or salicides of group IlIa, IVa, IVb, Vb, VIb, VIIb and VIII metals. The CVD diamond component of the superhard material can be polycrystalline as well as monocrystalline and can have different shapes and dimensions. |
Material of moistened cathode of aluminium electrolyser / 2412284 Material of moistened cathode of aluminium electrolyser consists of refractory compound of titanium boride and non-organic binding on base of high dispersed aluminium oxide moistened with liquid aluminium. Also, contents of titanium boride in finished material are not less 30 wt %. As binding on base of high dispersed aluminium oxide there is used "Al-corit-98" at amount of 10 wt %. It additionally contains electro-conducting powders of graphite or copper, or iron. |
Wettable cathode material for aluminium electrolysis cell / 2412283 Wettable cathode material for an aluminium electrolysis cell consists of titanium diboride wettable by liquid aluminium and binder - saturated solution of a hexa-hydrate of aluminium trichloride with ratio of titanium diboride to binder between 1:50 and 1:15. |
Method of producing polycrystalline cubic boron nitride / 2412111 Invention relates to production of synthetic superhard materials, particularly, polycrystalline cubic boron at high pressure and temperature to be sued in chemical, electronic and other industries. Proposed method comprises preparing mix of wurtzite-like and cubic modifications in relation of 1:4 to 2:1, respectively, processing it in planet mill for mechanical activation and crushing to grain size not exceeding 1 mcm, forming and annealing the mix at 1400-1800°C and 7.0-9.0 GPa, keeping at annealing temperature for time defined by conditions of transition on boron nitride wurtzite modification into cubic one without recrystallisation, equal to 5-30 s. Accurate time of keeping at preset temperature and pressure is defined proceeding from necessity of preservation of 5 to 15% of wurtzite boron nitride amount in initial mix. |
Method of making non-shrinking structural ceramic article / 2399601 Invention can be used to make articles from high-strength, non-shrinking ceramic materials working in high thermal-cycle loads in an oxidative, corrosive and aggressive atmosphere, and particularly in power generation installations. The starting material undergoes screening and deep cleaning. A mixture is prepared from components in the following ratio in mol %: boron nitride 12.5-17.5, aluminium 37-43, silicon carbide 42.5-46 and the mixture is mechanically activated. Primary workpieces are moulded from the mixture, dried and vacuum sintering is carried out at temperature between 1150 and 1250°C with residual pressure of 0.05 atm. The sintered workpieces are ground up and mechanically activated, after which articles are moulded and then vacuum sintered in conditions given above, mechanically processed, nitrogen hardened and oxidised. |
Zirconium oxide and way of its production / 2442752 Invention refers to powdered zirconium oxide, way of its production and its application in fuel cells, notably for production of electrolyte substances for ceramic fuel cells. The powdered zirconium oxide containing up to 10 mole % of at least one metal oxide from the scandium, yttrium groups, the group of rare-earth elements and/or their mixtures is characterized by the extension density from 1.2 to 2.5 g/cm³ measured according to ASTM B 417. |
Highly pure powder and coating made from said powder / 2436752 Present invention relates to highly pure zirconium oxide powder for applying coatings on substrates meant for use in conditions with cyclic thermal loads, such as blades, guide devices and on the sealing surface of gas-turbine engines. The highly pure zirconium oxide powder, which is stabilised with yttrium or ytterbium, contains from approximately 0 to approximately 2 wt % hafnium oxide, from approximately 6 to approximately 25 wt % yttrium oxide or from approximately 10 to approximately 36 wt % ytterbium oxide, from approximately 0 to approximately 0.15 wt % impurity oxides. The impurity oxides include the following in wt %: 0-0.02 SiO2, 0-0.005 Al2O3, 0-0.01 CaO, 0-0.01 Fe2O3, 0-0.005 MgO, 0-0.01 TiO2. The coatings which form a thermal barrier have multiple vertical microcracks which are uniformly distributed on the entire coating, which increases resistance of the coatings to thermal fatigue. The coatings are applied via thermal spraying with possible subsequent thermal treatment. |
Method of producing micro- and nanoporous ceramic based on zirconium dioxide / 2417967 Invention relates to methods of producing a micro- and nanoporous ceramic and can be used in machine-building, chemical industry and power engineering to produce filter materials, catalyst supports and components of porous systems with special properties. The method of producing micro- and nanoporous ceramic based on zirconium dioxide involves preparation of a suspension of fine powder with a binding component, pouring the suspension into a mould, gelling and dehydrating the gel substance, drying and sintering the material. The gel substance is dehydrated by evacuation through a microporous substrate made from cordierite ceramic with micro- and nano-sized pore distribution. The microporous substrate determines the size and distribution of pores formed in the material. |
Method of producing wear resistant ceramic / 2411217 Invention relates to a method of producing wear resistant ceramic based on zirconium dioxide which is partially stabilised with yttrium oxide, and can be used in making components for tribological application as a draw plate, draw ring, bearings etc. The method employs chemical deposition of zirconium and yttrium hydroxides from a mixture of salts with specific surface area of not less than 200 m2/g, with further thermal treatment of powder at temperature 900-1000°C. Sintering of the workpieces formed from said powder is carried out in the region of existence of a tetragonal phase: sintering to temperature 1300-1350°C is carried out while heating at a rate of 750-1000°C per hour, holding for 2-3 hours and subsequent cooling at a rate of 1000-1100°C per hour. Fast raising and sharp cooling enable to obtain a ceramic with size of structural elements of up to 200 nm and with 100% content of tetragonal crystalline phase. |
Zircon based mixture for making compact refractory ceramics / 2394004 Invention relates to making refractory and ceramic articles based on zircon and can be used mechanical engineering, aviation and electrical engineering industries. The mixture contains the following in wt %: 84-86 zircon concentrate with particle size of 1-2 mcm with aluminium oxide in amount of not more than 0.2% and 14-16 zirconium dioxide stabilised with 5% yttrium oxide, having particle size of 15-20 nm. |
Target, meant for evaporation under effect of electron beam, method of making said target, heat barrier and coating made from said target and mechanical component with such coating / 2370471 Invention relates to a composite target in form of a rod, made from ceramic powder and meant for evaporation under the effect of an electron beam, containing zirconium dioxide and at least one zirconium dioxide stabiliser. The stabiliser used is at least one element from a group of oxides of rare-earth elements, titanium oxide and niobium oxide. The target is distinguished by that, the said zirconium dioxide stabiliser is contained in molar concentration of 2-30%, and the said zirconium dioxide is 90% more than the formed monoclinic phase. The target has density of 3.9 g/cm3, average diametre pores d50 less than 2mcm and porosity ranging from 30 to 50%. The target is used when making a heat barrier with low heat conduction and high thermal resistance and mechanical strength from ceramics, formed through evaporation under the effect of an electron beam. |
Target, meant for evaporation under effect of electron beam, method of making said target, heat barrier and coating made from said target and mechanical component with such coating / 2370471 Invention relates to a composite target in form of a rod, made from ceramic powder and meant for evaporation under the effect of an electron beam, containing zirconium dioxide and at least one zirconium dioxide stabiliser. The stabiliser used is at least one element from a group of oxides of rare-earth elements, titanium oxide and niobium oxide. The target is distinguished by that, the said zirconium dioxide stabiliser is contained in molar concentration of 2-30%, and the said zirconium dioxide is 90% more than the formed monoclinic phase. The target has density of 3.9 g/cm3, average diametre pores d50 less than 2mcm and porosity ranging from 30 to 50%. The target is used when making a heat barrier with low heat conduction and high thermal resistance and mechanical strength from ceramics, formed through evaporation under the effect of an electron beam. |
Zircon based mixture for making compact refractory ceramics / 2394004 Invention relates to making refractory and ceramic articles based on zircon and can be used mechanical engineering, aviation and electrical engineering industries. The mixture contains the following in wt %: 84-86 zircon concentrate with particle size of 1-2 mcm with aluminium oxide in amount of not more than 0.2% and 14-16 zirconium dioxide stabilised with 5% yttrium oxide, having particle size of 15-20 nm. |
Method of producing wear resistant ceramic / 2411217 Invention relates to a method of producing wear resistant ceramic based on zirconium dioxide which is partially stabilised with yttrium oxide, and can be used in making components for tribological application as a draw plate, draw ring, bearings etc. The method employs chemical deposition of zirconium and yttrium hydroxides from a mixture of salts with specific surface area of not less than 200 m2/g, with further thermal treatment of powder at temperature 900-1000°C. Sintering of the workpieces formed from said powder is carried out in the region of existence of a tetragonal phase: sintering to temperature 1300-1350°C is carried out while heating at a rate of 750-1000°C per hour, holding for 2-3 hours and subsequent cooling at a rate of 1000-1100°C per hour. Fast raising and sharp cooling enable to obtain a ceramic with size of structural elements of up to 200 nm and with 100% content of tetragonal crystalline phase. |
Method of producing micro- and nanoporous ceramic based on zirconium dioxide / 2417967 Invention relates to methods of producing a micro- and nanoporous ceramic and can be used in machine-building, chemical industry and power engineering to produce filter materials, catalyst supports and components of porous systems with special properties. The method of producing micro- and nanoporous ceramic based on zirconium dioxide involves preparation of a suspension of fine powder with a binding component, pouring the suspension into a mould, gelling and dehydrating the gel substance, drying and sintering the material. The gel substance is dehydrated by evacuation through a microporous substrate made from cordierite ceramic with micro- and nano-sized pore distribution. The microporous substrate determines the size and distribution of pores formed in the material. |
Highly pure powder and coating made from said powder / 2436752 Present invention relates to highly pure zirconium oxide powder for applying coatings on substrates meant for use in conditions with cyclic thermal loads, such as blades, guide devices and on the sealing surface of gas-turbine engines. The highly pure zirconium oxide powder, which is stabilised with yttrium or ytterbium, contains from approximately 0 to approximately 2 wt % hafnium oxide, from approximately 6 to approximately 25 wt % yttrium oxide or from approximately 10 to approximately 36 wt % ytterbium oxide, from approximately 0 to approximately 0.15 wt % impurity oxides. The impurity oxides include the following in wt %: 0-0.02 SiO2, 0-0.005 Al2O3, 0-0.01 CaO, 0-0.01 Fe2O3, 0-0.005 MgO, 0-0.01 TiO2. The coatings which form a thermal barrier have multiple vertical microcracks which are uniformly distributed on the entire coating, which increases resistance of the coatings to thermal fatigue. The coatings are applied via thermal spraying with possible subsequent thermal treatment. |
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