Impact device to submerge rods into soil

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: body of an impact device is rigidly fixed on a front external end facing the soil surface in a hollow double-sided stem having a piston in a hydraulic cylinder arranged in the plane perpendicular to the soil surface and fixed as capable of angular rotation by ±90° in the carriage. This carriage is progressively movable in vertical guides of the frame parallel to the specified plane and rigidly fixed in the rear part of a hydroficated basic machine. At the same time the submersible element enters into the soil via an end hole in the rear external end of the stem and is substantially permanently placed in its axial plane. Application of the invention will make it possible to ensure complete mechanisation of the soil slopes reinforcement process by driving flexible rod elements into them.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and productivity of the device, improved labour conditions and safety.

4 cl, 3 dwg

The invention relates to the field of construction equipment and can be used to dive into the ground long flexible rod elements, such as reinforcing rods or pipes.

Known various devices for immersion tubes, for example, patent RU №2324031 (2006), No. 2231598 (2002) and others, for example, the device for driving into the ground metal structures for patent No. 2231598 is intended for driving the racks traffic barrier railings and other metal objects. This device includes a housing in which is located the drummer in the form of a solid drummer and a mechanism for cocking and shutter drummer, made in the form of the Cam and springs.

A disadvantage of the known device is the ability to strike only on the upper end of the immersion element, and therefore it can be used for immersion only hard enough and short elements, does not lose stability when hitting. In addition, with this device you can deliver the items only in the vertical direction.

The closest in technical essence of the present invention is the device according to A.S. SU # 607885 (1976). Known pneumatic device includes a housing, a cavity which, with the possibility reciprocating movement under the action of compressed air to the chambers of the working and return strokes has stepped drummer, in the body of which is made of the axial and radial channels, and the nut with channels for supply and exhaust air. This device has a tube for placement therein of a rod element, which is installed in the axial channel of the firing pin and fixedly mounted in the housing and the nut. On the inner surface of the striker made boring, which closes its radial channel and forms with the tube an annular channel for periodic messages camera reverse with the exhaust chamber and the chamber stroke. In addition, the device is mounted clamping device for fixing submersible core element.

Thus, the known device includes a housing with cameras working and return stroke in the cavity with the possibility of reciprocating motion along the axis has stepped drummer in the body which is made from the axial channel to accommodate immersion of the rod, and a clamping device for coupling it with the device.

The disadvantage of this device is the low productivity and the large amount of manual labor. Installing the unit on a hammered rod and repositioning it as the driving rod into the soil manually. In addition, the pneumatic actuator is associated with low efficiency.

Objective of the solution is aimed the present invention, is the maximum mechanization of work, productivity and efficiency of the device.

To solve this problem the invention is that, in contrast to the known device impact to dive into the ground flexible rod elements, comprising a housing, an axial cylindrical cavity with the possibility of reciprocating movement is set hollow stepped drummer, together with the housing forming an annular chamber working and idling, and fixed to the body clamping device for gripping the submersible element interacting with the butt-end of the striker at the end of its stroke, according to the invention the said casing rigidly mounted on the front facing surface of the bottom outer end of the hollow, provided with a piston bilateral rod hydraulic cylinder located in the plane perpendicular to the ground surface and secured with the possibility of angular rotation ±90° in the carriage, which progressively movable in vertical guides of the frame, parallel to said plane and rigidly fixed to the rear side of the hydraulic machine base, with dip-element enters the soil through the end hole in the rear outer end of the rod and, in fact, constantly placed in its axial strips is I.

In addition, in the working position located in the front part of the body punch Luggage idling constantly communicates with the pressure line of the hydraulic system and the rear cavity of the hydraulic cylinder. At the same time, a large cross-sectional area Luggage stroke located in the rear part of the said casing, periodically by means of a spring-loaded hydraulic valve controls reported either with a pressure line or a drain line of the hydraulic system, with the front cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is constantly communicating with the drain tank.

In addition, the carrier device has a hydropneumatic accumulator with a movable along its axis by the two-stage piston end surface of the larger diameter steps which together with the battery casing forms an isolated cavity, filled with a compressed gas, and its lower end stage of their surface forms a constantly communicated with the pressure line of the hydraulic cavity and on its lateral surface provided with an annular groove. By means of this groove opposite podpruzhinennom end face of the valve control hydraulic cavity is communicated with the drain line in the absence of fluid in the hydraulic cavity of the battery and communicated with on the priori route for admission to the battery with a predetermined volume of liquid.

In addition, cover immersible element clamping device fixed in the housing impact device with limited relative to the housing axial movement together with the immersion element and contains at least two covering the rod spring special Cam profile, which articulated with the possibility of limited angular rotation in the diametrical plane fixed in the housing. Moreover, when moving the bilateral rod cylinder in the direction of the soil occurs clip, while the opposite movement of the release element buried in the ground.

The technical result that can be obtained by using the invention, consists in maximizing the mechanization of work, as well as to improve the efficiency and performance of the device.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: figure 1 schematically shows the inventive device, as in figure 2 and figure 3 - basic machine with optical drive and installed the device.

Basic machine with 1 arm 2, is installed on the device 3 for immersion rod 4 (Nagel) in the soil is shown in figure 2 and figure 3. The pointing device 2 consists of a frame 5, in a vertical guide which moves the carriage 6 by means of the hydraulic cylinder 7.

On the axis of the carriage 6 with the option of pavaroti fixation in any position within 90° mounted faceplate 8 with a fixed device for immersion rods. The frame 5 is rigidly mounted on the base machine 1 by means of bracket 9.

The percussion device for immersing the flexible rods (see figure 1) consists of a hydraulic cylinder 10 within which is located the piston 11 with a two-way rod 12 with a through axial hole 13 for the accommodation of the rod 4. The rod 12 together with the hydraulic cylinder 10 to form a hydraulic cavity 14 and 15. On the left (figure 1) the end of the rod 12 is fixed percussion mechanism 16 includes a housing 17, in the inner cavity which is coaxial with the cylinder 10, a drummer 18, having three stages, of which the average 19 has the highest, and the rear 20 - the smallest diameter.

In the space between the inner surface of the housing 17 and the outer side surface of the step 21 is formed Luggage idling 22, and in the space between the inner surface of the housing 17 and the outer side surface of the step 20 of the striker - Luggage stroke 23.

On the front end of the body 17 is fixed capture mechanism 24, comprising a housing 25 within which hinged jaws 26 and spring 27.

The housing 25 of the capture mechanism has limited axial movement relative to the housing 17 by the value of S (see figure 1).

On the faceplate 8 (3) in addition to the device 3 for immersion rods installed hydraulic accumulator 28 and valve 29.

In EXT is na the housing cavity 30 of the hydraulic accumulator 28 is a two-stage piston 31, seal 32. The cavity 33 formed by the inner cavity of the housing 30 and the free end of the greater speed of the piston 31, is filled with compressed gas.

The cavity 34 formed by the inner cavity of the housing 30 and the lower end stage piston 31, through the channel 35 communicates with the cavity 14 of the cylinder 10, through the channel 36 with the valve 38, and the channels 36, 58 and 57 through valve 29 with camera stroke 23. In the middle part of the side surface of the lower stage is made annular groove 39, and in the case of 30 - circular bore 40 and 41. In the housing 42 of the valve 29 with the possibility of a limited longitudinal movement set the valve 43 with the spring 44.

On the outer surface of the spool 43 has two annular grooves 45 and 46. The groove 45 by means of radial holes 47 in communication with the internal bore 48. The cavity 49 formed by the inner surface of the housing 42 and the upper end surface of the spool 43 channel 50 is in communication with the annular bore 40 of the hydraulic accumulator 28.

On the inner surface of the housing 42 is made of a circular bore 51, 52 and 53. The bore 51 through line 54 is communicated with the drain line 55, and the channel 56 with the bore of the hydraulic accumulator 28. The bore 52 of the channel 57 is in communication with the chamber stroke 23. The bore 53 of the channels 58 and 36 communicated with the valve 38. Luggage idling 22 through channel 7 communicates with the cavity 14 of the cylinder 10, which, in turn, channel 36 communicates with the valve 38. The cavity 15 of the cylinder 10 by a line 59 is communicated with the valve 38, which is on the lines 60 and 61 is communicated with the pressure source 62 and the drain tank 63.

The device operates as follows.

Before diving rods of the base machine 1 is placed in close proximity to strengthen the slope. The movement of the carriage 3 submersible device is installed at a predetermined height.

In the initial position of the piston 11 with the rod 12 and the striker 18 occupy the extreme right (in the drawing) position. Dip the rod 4 is inserted in the Central hole of the rod 12 and the striker 18 and moves to the left in the soil of the slope. While the Cams 26 of capturing, compressing the spring 27, rotates clockwise, while not impeding the movement of the rod.

The valve 38 fluid from the hydraulic pump 62 through line 60 and the channel 36 is directed into the cavity 14 of the cylinder 10, through the channel 35 in the cavity 34 of the hydraulic accumulator 28, and the channel 37 in the camera idling 22 percussion mechanism 16.

Under the action of fluid pressure in the cavity 14, the piston rod 12 connected therewith percussion mechanism 16 and the grip 24 is moved to the left. While the Cams 26 capture rotated counterclockwise, cutting into the surface of the rod 4, is rigidly connecting it with the body of the grip. At this time the liquid is to be from the cavity 15 through the line 59 is pressed into the tank 63. At the initial immersion of the rod 4 in the soil is due to the static force acting by the fluid on the piston 11.

As the penetration of the rod 4 soil resistance to its implementation increases, the fluid pressure in the cavity 14 reaches the maximum value of the expression

where R_gis the gas pressure in the cavity 33 of the hydraulic accumulator;

D - diameter of the piston 31 in the gas cavity;

d - diameter of the piston 31 in the liquid cavity 34.

When this static implementation of the rod 4 is stopped, and all coming from the pump 62, the liquid flows into the cavity 34 of the hydraulic accumulator 28 and the camera idling 22.

When the piston 31 downward (in the drawing) first division ring of bores 40 and 41 and thereby channel 50 from the drain line 55. At the same time due to the fluid flowing through the channel 37 in the camera idling 22, is the cocking of the striker 19.

The movement of the piston 31 downward will be up until the upper end of its lower level will not be included in the circular bore 40. When this cavity 49 channel 50 will be connected to the cavity 34 of the battery and the cavity 14 of the cylinder.

Under the action of the pressure fluid flowing from the cavity 34 in the cavity 49, the valve 43 is moved to the lower end position, compressing the spring 44. The camera of the stroke 23 to channel the m 57 and 58, 36 and 35 is connected with the cavity 34 of the hydraulic accumulator 28 and the pump 62.

As a result, in the chamber of the stroke 23 is set to a pressure equal to the pressure in the chamber 22 and cavity 34. But since the working area of the striker 19 from the side camera 23 is significantly greater than that of the camera 22, the drummer 19 force equal to the product of the fluid pressure on the difference of the squares of the drummer in the cameras working and idle strokes. As a result, the drummer 19 performs a working stroke and its front end strikes the surface of the housing 25 of the grip 24, coupled with immersion rod 4. After hitting the grip 24 with the rod 4 is moved forward, providing the introduction of the rod into the ground. After capture in the same direction under the pressure of the fluid in the cavity 14 moves the piston rod 12 and percussion mechanism 16 until it stops of its body 17 in the rear end of the housing 25 of the grip 24.

For acceleration of the striker 19 and the filling of the vacant volume of the hollow cylinder 14 is expended the entire amount of liquid present in the cavity 34 of the battery. With the release of the cavity 34 from the liquid piston 31 under the action of compressed gas is moved to its original position, again telling the cavity 49 of the valve through the channel 50 of the bores 40 and 41 and line 55 to the drain tank 63. The valve 43 under the action of the spring 44 returns to its original position and the camera work is th turn 23 on channel 57, the bores 51, 52 and line 54 is again communicated with the drain tank 63.

Next, the operation of the percussion device in the manner described continues until the piston 11 will rest on the front cover of the cylinder 10.

Then through valve 38, the fluid from the pump 62 is directed into the cavity 15 of the hydraulic cylinder and the cavity 14 is communicated with the drain tank. As a result, the rod 12 with the hammer mechanism and the grip is moved to the rightmost position. While the Cams 26 capture rotated clockwise and release the dip-rod 4. With this latter remains at rest.

Followed by repeated actuation of the valve 38 into position and the cycle is repeated several times until the complete immersion of the rod into the ground.

Joint movement of the machine base and the carriage and fixed it impact device provides choice of other starting points for rods buried in the ground.

Thus, the proposed device provides a complete mechanization of the process of strengthening the ground slopes by ramming into it flexible rod elements. This increases efficiency and device performance, as well as improved working conditions and safety.

1. The percussion device for immersing the rods in the ground, comprising a housing, in the axial cylindrical the second cavity with the possibility of reciprocating movement is set hollow stepped drummer, together with the housing forming an annular chamber working and idling, and fixed to the body clamping device for gripping the submersible element interacting with the butt-end of the striker at the end of its stroke, characterized in that said casing is rigidly attached to the forward facing surface of the bottom outer end of the hollow, provided with a piston bilateral rod hydraulic cylinder located in the plane perpendicular to the ground surface and secured with the possibility of angular rotation ±90° in the carriage, which progressively movable in vertical guides of the frame, parallel to said plane and rigidly fixed to the rear side of the hydraulic machine base, when this dip-element enters the soil through the end hole in the rear outer end of the rod and essentially permanently housed in the axial cavity.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the working position located in the front part of the body punch Luggage idling constantly communicated with the pressure line of the hydraulic system and the rear cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, while the largest cross-sectional area Luggage stroke located in the rear part of the said casing, periodically through the spring-loaded the CSO hydraulic valve controls reported either with the pressure line, or with the drain line of the hydraulic system, with the front cavity of the hydraulic cylinder continuously connected with the drain tank.

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carrier device has a hydropneumatic accumulator with a movable along its axis by the two-stage piston end surface of the larger diameter steps which together with the battery casing forms an isolated cavity, filled with a compressed gas, and its lower end stage of their surface forms a constantly communicated with the pressure line of the hydraulic cavity and on its lateral surface provided with an annular groove, whereby opposite podpruzhinennom end face of the valve control hydraulic cavity communicated with the drain line in the absence of fluid in the hydraulic cavity of the battery and communicated with the pressure line when entering the battery with a predetermined volume of liquid.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the covering dip-element clamping device fixed in the housing impact device with limited relative to the housing axial movement together with the immersion element and contains at least two covering the rod spring special Cam profile, which articulated with the possibility is of limited angular rotation in the diametrical plane fixed in the housing of the device so what if you move the bilateral rod cylinder in the direction of the soil occurs clip, while the opposite movement of the release element buried in the ground.