Towed line

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: proposed towed line comprises transducer units distributed along load-carrying rope passed through head holes of split blisters fitted on the said rope and deeper incorporating articulated grid of deepening wings and float section. Every split blister consists of two sections, their head and tail parts being furnished with stepwise cutouts mating each other in taking the sections together. Note that the blister tail part assembly is locked by pivot joint, while the head section assembly is locked by lug-latches. The deeper mid-section is clip-jointed to deepening wing grid. Lower part of the latter incorporates balance wing and accommodates additional weights. Note here that floatability element represents a plate that features a wing-like stream-lining cross section.

EFFECT: stability of towed line, higher repairability and reliability.

2 cl, 8 dwg

The invention relates to marine science, in particular to the towed systems for the examination of waters by conducting measurements at different levels of trawling.

You know the widespread use of towed lines, equipped with measuring equipment that, depending on tasks, installed or in special underwater vehicles, or distributed along the length of the load-bearing rope.

Known towing device for underwater native instruments [1], consisting of a cable-tow, the length of which is allocated to the detachable elements of cylindrical shape, which posted the goods or media equipment. Removable hinge elements are attached to the cable-tow with brackets and clamps. In addition, each removable element is rigidly connected with the fairing, which is made in the form of a hydrodynamic surface and consists of two symmetrical sections, pivotally United nasal pieces to lock the tail parts in folded position.

The disadvantage of this device is a discontinuity in the tow line, with stretches of the cable-tow, is not protected by a fairing that reduces the operational reliability of the line. This is due to the fact that the tow line is accompanied by strong fluctuations caused by the unsteadiness of the flow in the Wake with the food. This results in a random deployment hinged removable blocks, twisting of the cable tow, the disclosure of fairings, which can result in damage to the cable system.

A known design of underwater tug [2], which contains globitel and load-carrying rope, reinforced side skirts, all interconnected through communication. The fairing sections adjacent to globitel with nudelkami fixed on their tail parts and mounted symmetrically with respect to the axis of the fairing. Communication fairings made in the form of pivotally United with the fairings cross-brackets.

A disadvantage of the known device is the necessity of using a special gripping device for raising and lifting pluviale. In addition, a large number of fasteners (screws)used to connect the bow and the tail parts of the fairing and to connect fairings between themselves, reduces the reliability and maintainability towed the line.

The closest to the essential features similar to that adopted for the prototype of the proposed tow line, is a device for towing seismography spit [3], along which placed blocks measuring (acoustic) sensors. Seismography spit covered with what'or casing, consisting of load-bearing rope and groups hollow cylinders (fairings), strung on seismography braid. Each of the hollow cylinders made of two identical parts of the coupling sections each U-shaped or S-shaped, with a tail stabilizer on the end most distant from the load-bearing rope. The semi-cylinders are connected to each other by means of two rigid rods attached to the semi-cylinders of the hinge, the axis of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the load-bearing rope. Thrust share of holes for installation of load-bearing rope and seismography spit. On the carrier end of the carrying rope is fixed globetel made in the form of a lattice deepening of wings pivotally connected to the folding frame of the float section pluviale.

The advantage of the prototype is the use of dynamic system penetration, increasing the stability of the tow line into the oncoming flow.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the complexity of the design, does not allow you to change the location of the measuring sensors or quick and efficient replacement of the damaged fairings.

Problem to be solved is to ensure the stability of the tow line while improving its maintainability and reliability.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that h is about in the tow line, containing blocks of sensors distributed along the load-bearing rope, which passes through the head hole installed detachable fairings and globitel containing pivotally connected lattice raising wings and float section, globitel further comprises pivotally connected intermediate section and the lead on the plug which is equipped with a connector for chassis end of the carrying cable, set the measuring instrument, electrical cable and electrical cables connected to the units of measurement sensors, passes through the middle hole of the fairings with fixation in the clamping fairings, which are mounted on the sleeves fixed on the load-carrying rope intervals along the length towed the line, in addition to this, each detachable fairing consists of two sections, with the head and tail parts of the stepped notch complementary to a mapping sections, and Assembly of the tail fairing is fixed by means of the swivel, and the Assembly head - through latches in addition, the intermediate section of globitel pivotally connected by brackets to the lattice raising of the wings, at the bottom of which is equipped with a stabilizing wing hosted complement the global cargo, and the buoyancy element mounted on the float section, made in the form of a plate having a cross-section of the pterygoid streamlined shape.

In addition, the buoyancy element is made of high-strength foam.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, on which:

figure 1 - towed the line in the working position, General view;

figure 2 - globitel in position by marching, General view;

figure 3 - globitel in expanded form;

4 is a fragment of a towed line with clamping fairings

5 is a fragment of a towed line with the unit of measurement sensors;

6 - the design of the fairing;

Fig.7 - layout tow line, side view;

Fig - layout towed the line, top view;

1 shows a vessel towing 1 with etched tow line 2, along which are distributed units of measurement sensors. The running end of the load-bearing rope tow line 2 is fixed in the connector of the lead 3, the plug is set to the measuring device 4. Diverging ends of the leash 3 pivotally connected with the front ends of the side frame intermediate section 5 globitel, the rear ends of which are pivotally connected by means of brackets 6 grid 7 raising wings pluviale. Front (top) of the grating 7 hinge closed the Lena rollaway frame float section 8 globitel, the position of which is fixed lateral braces 9.

Figure 2 presents a General view of globitel located on vertically installed at the field site 10 rotary slip so that the bracket 6 cover tubular framing the upper edge of the pad 10, and the intermediate section 5 and the grating 7 globitel suspended on brackets 6 cover two sides of the plane of the platform 10. In the tubular frames of the sides of the pad 10 is installed levers 11 through which the platform 10 is deployed in a vertical plane around the axis 12, is installed in the sidewalls of the support plate 13.

Grille 7 raising of the wings (see figure 2, 3) is made in the form of a frame with arched lintels (raising wings) 14, a concave surface which is directed toward the incident flow. Due to this lattice 7 (and towed the line) in the process of towing is set at a certain angle of inclination (angle of attack) to the incident flow.

To stabilize the entrance of globitel in water the lower part of the grating 7 has a uniformly thicker profile and oblique cut end with an overlay streamlined shape, forming a stabilizing wing 15. In addition, thicker part of the lattice posted gravitational items (goods) 16.

Float section 8 is made in the form of a frame which includes a element ant, made in the form of a plate having a cross-section of the pterygoid faired. The buoyancy element 17 is made of high-strength foam.

Tow line 2 (see figure 4) contains the carrying rope 18 on which there is mounted a plastic (kaprolon) fairing 19. Each of the fairings consists of two detachable sections having internal grooves, separated by partitions 20, 21 with the formation of the head holes for stacking of load-bearing rope 18, medium oval holes for laying cables 22, and a tail hole for laying hose 23 water intake.

In order to avoid breakage of the electrical cable 22 wound towed the line on the winch drum they have a greater length than the carrying cable 18, and laid wave.

To prevent slipping of the cables 22 down under its own gravity when towing the line and hold the fairings on 19 carrying the rope 18 is installed on it (pressed) sleeve 24, which carries the locking collars 25 are rigidly fastened by screws 26, locking each of the cables in a separate hole. When the width b of the fairing 19, equal to 28 mm, clamping collars 25 are installed with an interval of 1 m Length l of the fairing is 170 mm, and the thickness h of 30 mm

The blocks 27 of the measuring sensors (see figure 5) placed along the tow line in accordance with the backside of the different horizons of trawling. The length of the unit 27 corresponds to the length of the fairing 19, and the thickness of not more than 30% greater than the thickness of the fairing. To smooth out the abrupt transitions in thickness on both sides of the block 27 is installed transitional fairings 28, smoothly interfacing the unit with the adjacent fairings 19. This ensures the stability line 2 when towing at speeds up to 18 knots.

To compensate for the stresses resulting from the bending tow line cable 22 in the area of the hermetic seal in the connector unit 27 is folded in a loop 29.

Fairing 19 (see Fig.6) consists of two detachable sections 30, 31 having a rounded nose portion and tapering tail, ending in a tail stabilizer 32.

Fore and aft sections 30 have stepped cutouts 33, 34 of a thickness equal to half the thickness of the fairing, made with one (upper) side of the fairing, and the fore and aft sections 31 have a response speed cut-outs 35, 36, made with the other (bottom) side of the fairing so that when combined sections 30, 31 is formed a coherent whole. The walls 20, 21 of the sections of the fairing also made a step cut, complementary to an integer.

Assembly of the tail parts of the sections 30,31 fairing is fixed swivel, whose elements are the front section 31 (not shown)introduced into the coaxial hole is ment 37 section 30.

Assembling the nose of the fairing is fixed by the latch elements the first of which is semi-cylindrical protrusion 38 on the wall of the stepped cutout 33 section 30 entered in the response of the semi-cylindrical recess 39 of the head section 31 and the elements of the second latch is semi-cylindrical protrusion 40 on the wall 35 of the stepped cut-out section 31, entered in the response of the semi-cylindrical recess 41 warhead section 30.

Equipment for working with towed the line (see Fig.7, 8) placed in the container 42, which is mounted on the stern of the vessel-towing vehicle 1. The container 42 has a compartment for accommodation of the trip device, tow line and instrument compartment for equipment acquisition and processing of measuring information. For personnel access to both compartments made doors, and for setting the tow line and conducting pilot measurements in the end wall of the compartment trip devices are the gateway through which descends Playground 10 rotary slip.

Front pad 10 of the slip set the limiters 43, the gap between which is dressed with ribbon fairings tow line 2. The limiters 43 made in the form of pillars, rounded from the factory tow line and gradually tapering towards its descent from a slip, forming arcuate fold the extension gap from 5 cm to 50 cm

Next to the platform 10 rotary slip is set, the actuator 44 of the slip, operate the levers 11, unwrapping the platform 10.

In the position of the slip travelling, as was discussed above, the platform 10 is placed intermediate section 5, the grating 7 and the float section 8 globitel with item 17 of buoyancy.

Plug lead 3, a connector to secure the running end of the carrying cable 18 connected to the rotating support surface 45, which is made in the form of a roll with the flange mounted on a fixed base. The flange of the roll located at the level of the lower flange (cheeks) of the drum 46 towing winch having a vertical axis of rotation. The drum 46 single layers stacked tow line 2.

In addition to rotating bearings 45 in front of the drum 46 towing winch set hour 47 fixation device towed the line on the drum towing winch. The fixation device includes a tension tape 48 covering the ribbon fairings towed the line can move along in the stream of the drum 46 towing winch as grazing/styling turns towed the line. The tension of the tape is provided with an adjustable cargo (set of removable drives), moving the rack 47. The cable, which is suspended from the load, through a system of blocks is output outside of the rack and secured in the nome of the streams of the rotating drum, installed on the rack 47. In another stream of the rotating drum fixed running end of the tension of the belt 48, and the radical end of the stretch tape is rigidly attached to a fixed base rotating bearing 45.

The Assembly of the tow line and configuration of the measuring apparatus is carried out in the factory, then all equipment installed in the container 42, which is delivered to the ship-towing 1 and mounted on the stern.

In the initial position of the towed line 2 with the blocks 27 of the measuring sensors placed on the drum 46 tugger winches and fixed tensioning belt 48 of the fixation device, which is fully etched with a rotating drum rack 47, the rope holding the adjustable top cargo rack, laid in his stream rotating drum.

Globitel mounted on the platform 10 rotary slip, and a lead 3 with the installed large-sized measuring device 4 connected to the rotating support 45, relying on its base.

For setting the tow line 2 open gate in the rear wall of the container 42. Include the actuator 44 of the slip, which expands the levers 11, which establishes the platform 10 is inclined downward, as shown in Fig.7. At the turn of the platform 10 carries globitel towed the line. Thus pivotally connected by brackets 6 section and 5, 7 globitel disclosed, grille 7 slides on the slip and tipped over the side, pulling first intermediate section 5 globitel, and then the leash 3 with a fixed undercarriage end of the load-bearing rope 18 towed line 2.

Then, including at low speed electric towing winch, result in rotation of the drum 46 and starting to protravlivat towed the line, bring the ribbon fairings to the limiters 43 and fill in the gap between them.

After immersion, globitel towing winch is switched to an operating mode in which it operates to the full release tow line drum 46.

To prevent twisting of the towed line by etching with drum 46 and breakage fairings actuate the locking device towed the line. For this release from locking screws adjustable cargo, fixed at the top of the rack 47. Under the action of gravity, the load begins to move down and pulls the cable, which causes the rotation of the drum rack 47. When this tension band 48, mounted in the second stream of the rotating drum racks 47 wound on it, compressing constant force ribbon fairings 19 as grazing orbits towed the line 2 with the drum 46 towing winch. The bottom edge of the ribbon fairings 19 (heads) laminates the I flange rotating bearings 45 and so, in the vertical position of deflectors, tow line is drawn through the limiters 43. After the limiters 43, ribbon fairings towed the line unfolds, lays flat on the platform 10 of the slip, as shown in Fig, and get away with it in the water under the action of hydrodynamic forces created by globeteam.

At the end of the statement tow line tow winch off and start towing the line.

After immersion globitel into the water frame 8 of the float section is folded under the influence of the buoyancy element 17 and is fixed in a horizontal position side braces 9 and the grating 7 is installed obliquely, as shown in figure 1, under the influence of hydrodynamic forces arising from the reflection of the incident flow from the raising of the wings 14 profiled shape.

Thus the performance of the buoyancy element 17 in the form of a streamlined wing reduces self-oscillations of globitel and provides stabilization of motion in depth, and shape of the fairing 19 reduces the hydrodynamic resistance of the tow line. This increases the reliability of the ongoing process of towing measurements. Readings of the measuring sensors 27 and device 4 are transmitted through cables 22 to the equipment installed in the instrument compartment of the container 42 where they are recorded and obrabatyvalis is.

When manoeuvring the vessel towed the line is held in the gap between the limiters 43, which due to the arcuate shape of his wings protect the fairings 19 of fractures.

Upon completion of measurements for a sample of tow line include the towing winch. Ribbon fairings 19, passing through the limiter 43 is vertical and supported by the flange of the rotating bearing 45 is directed into the stream of the drum 46, on which is laid down layer by layer, row by row, alimama stretch tape 48. Constant efforts crimping is provided by the cable tension adjustable cargo when etching the tension of the belt 48 is wound on a rotating drum racks 47, lifting upwards. Through this prevents jamming and damage to the fairings 19 towed the line.

When out of the water leash 3 towing winch switch to slow speed, and then, after raising the leash, take out the ribbon fairings from a gap limiter 43. After entering to the site 10 slip intermediate section 5 globitel include the actuator 44 of the slip, unwrapping the levers 11 and setting up the platform 10 in its stowed in an upright position.

Thus, thanks to the introduction of globitel intermediate section 5 is achieved the possibility of its compact arrangement for vertically installed papakolea site 10 rotary slip, that is an important advantage in terms of lack of free space on vessels limited displacement.

The presence of the gravitational items (goods) 16 and stabilizing wing 15 in the lower part of the grille 7 globitel prevents curl pluviale and stabilize the date of its entry into the water, and the buoyancy element in the form of a one-piece wing from foam (instead of the previously used set of three hollow metal containers) provides a stable movement of globitel at a depth of at an angle towed the line defined by the shape of raising of the wings grill pluviale.

Increased stability of the tow line is ensured by the fact that the fairings 19 are shaped form with the aim of stabilizing the tail parts, and the blocks 27 of the measuring sensors have a rounded nose portion and embedded in thickness with fairings 19 through transitional fairings 28, due to what is not broken continuity and continuity of the line.

The need for use in measuring apparatus bulky device 4 solved by putting him on a leash 3, directly connected with the running end of the load-bearing rope 18. Due to this, firstly, the reliability of sealing electrical cable 22 as it does not need the performance of the cable through the hinge joints of the sections of pluviale (in case of installation of the device on pluviale), and secondly, there is the possibility of laying on the winch drum all towed the line, because the position of the travelling leash plug is applied to the winch drum.

Besides improving the survivability of a cable system is provided by the introduction of the clamping fairings 25 distributed over the length of the line at intervals of 1 m the Presence of the clamping collars, locking cables, does not interfere with its free packing and the formation of the compensation loops 29 to discharge node dock with blocks 27 of the measuring sensors and, at the same time, eliminates the possibility of slipping of the cable down and stretch under its own weight, which could lead to emergency situations.

The design of the fairings 19, which does not require to build additional hardware provides quick replacement of damaged during towing units, increasing the operational reliability of the tow line.

In addition, if necessary, change the location of the blocks 27 of the measuring sensors Assembly-disassembly of the tow line and the transfer units can be made directly on the vessel and does not require a lot of work.

Industrial applicability of the invention is defined by the fact that the proposed design of the tow line can be made according to the above description and drawings from conventional materials used in instrument making, and used for measurements at various horizons in the water column in the survey area.

References

1. USSR author's certificate No. 683150 to the invention, the IPC WV 21/66, publication 23.11. 1987

2. RF patent No. 2035348 to the invention, the IPC WV 21/66, publication 20.05.1995,

3. USSR author's certificate No. 1805426 to the invention, the IPC G01V 1/38, publication 30.03.1993, the prototype.

1. Towed the line containing the units of measurement sensors distributed along the load-bearing rope, which passes through the head hole installed detachable fairings and globitel containing pivotally connected lattice raising wings and float section, characterized in that globetel further comprises pivotally connected intermediate section and the lead on the plug which is equipped with a connector for chassis end of the carrying cable, set the measuring instrument, electrical cable and electrical cables connected to the units of measurement sensors, passes through the middle hole of the fairings with fixation in the clamping fairings, which are mounted on sleeves rigidly mounted on the load-carrying rope intervals along the length of the tow line, in addition, each detachable fairing consists of two section is th, with head and tail parts of the stepped notch complementary to a mapping sections, and Assembly of the tail fairing is fixed by means of the swivel, and the Assembly head - through latches in addition, the intermediate section of globitel pivotally connected by brackets to the lattice raising of the wings, at the bottom of which is equipped with a stabilizing wing, an additional cargo, and the buoyancy element mounted on the float section, made in the form of a plate having a cross-section of the pterygoid streamlined shape.

2. Tow line according to claim 1, characterized in that the buoyancy element is made of high-strength foam.