Device for definition of angle coordinates of pulsed laser radiation source

IPC classes for russian patent Device for definition of angle coordinates of pulsed laser radiation source (RU 2352959):

G01S17/06 - Systems determining position data of a target

Another patents in same IPC classes:

Method of object detection / 2338222
High efficiency method of object detection is developed. It includes preliminary detection of object search zones, image scanning with the help of scanning window within the limits of the search zones, the size of the scanning window corresponds to the size of an object's image, quantity determination of amplitude intervals N by the square of the scanning window, taking into account the most significant amplitude intervals and choosing the coordinates with maximum value N as the coordinates of the object. The claimed invention increase probability of correct object detection within lower contrasts range of the object and higher contrast range of background.

Method of detecting objects / 2331084
Invention pertains to optical methods of detecting foreign objects on a complex dynamic variable background in a surveillance zone. The technical outcome of the invention is the increased accuracy of detecting objects with simultaneous increase in speed and visibility. The method involves receiving and forming two images on two points spread in space and single registration of each fragment of the reference and compared digital images by two identical viewing systems. Each viewing system is made based on a multi-element high-speed light detector, for example, a CMOS - matrix, and contains an objective. Both viewing systems are fitted at a shorter, compared to the displacement from the presumed location of the object, distance between them, parallel each other and directed at the surveillance area. Analysis of the images is done by determining the displacement value Δ of characteristic fragments of the compared image with the corresponding fragments of the reference image with their maximum possible coincidence in the direction of parallactic shift with subsequent identification of the selected and background objects from the obtained displacements Δ. Based on the obtained displacements Δ, three dimensional images of objects can be formed and the distance to each one of them can be determined.

Instrument for daytime and night observation and aiming / 2310219
The instrument has a front-view mirror with a system of stabilization and aiming of the sighting line optically linked with the sight channel, which includes an optical module including the daytime and night channels. The instrument has also a radiator unit, scanning unit, photodetector unit, the output of the photodetector unit is connected to the input of the analog-to-digital converter, whose output is connected to the control electronics unit.

Method for determining direction to source of optical radiation on basis of component, dissipated in atmosphere, and device for realization of said method / 2285275
In accordance to method, second optical-electronic coordinator with matrix photo-receivers is additionally installed, field flatness of which is perpendicular to field plane of first optical-electronic coordinator, coordinate alignment of photo-elements of first optical-electronic coordinator is performed in coordinate plane x0z and of photo-elements of second optical-electronic coordinator in coordinate plane y0z, determining of angular coordinates of optical radiation source on basis of formulae where ε, β - tilt angle and azimuth of optical radiation source; d - distance between upper and lower lines of photo-elements of optical-electronic coordinator; Δx=x_1B-x_1H, Δy=y_2B-y_2H; x_1B and x_1H - coordinates of upper and lower photo-elements of lines of first coordinator, signal at output of which has maximal value; y_2B and y_2H - coordinates of upper and lower photo-elements of lines of seconds coordinator, signal at output of which has maximal value. Device for realization of method consists of first and second optical-electronic coordinators with matrix photo-receivers, first and second subtraction blocks, first and second square-law generators, first and second dividers, adder, square root extractor block, first and second arctg calculation blocks, outputs of which are outputs of device, while first and second outputs of optical-electronic coordinator are connected respectively to first and second inputs of first subtraction block, first output of which is connected to input of first square-law generator, second output - to first input of first divider, first and second outputs of second optical-electronic coordinator are connected respectively to first and second inputs of second subtraction block, first output of which is connected to input of second square-law generator, second output - to second input of first divider, output of first divider is connected to input of first arctg calculation block, outputs of first and second square-law generators are connected to appropriate inputs of adder, while output of adder is connected to input of square root extractor block, output of which is connected to first input of second divider, onto second input of which value d is fed, output of divider is connected to input of output arctg calculation block.

Method for detecting optical and optical-electronic surveillance means and device for realization of said method / 2278399
Method includes simultaneously receiving signals of natural background radiation in spectral range of reflected laser radiation, and receiving continuous optical signals in spectral range of natural background radiation from observed volume of space, after transformation of received optical signals to video signal from first video signal, appropriate for reflected laser radiation, video signal is subtracted element-wise, appropriate for optical signal of natural background radiation in spectral range of reflected laser radiation, threshold selection of difference video signal is performed, and from the number of video signals, exceeding the threshold, video signals are selected, appropriate for code-pulse modulation of laser radiation and if such signals are present, alarm signal is generated, simultaneously from difference video signal, exceeding the threshold, and video signal, appropriate for continuous optical signal in spectral range of natural background radiation with consideration of parallax, and after transformation of composite video signal to optical image, position of detected optical means is fixed relatively to characteristic objects on the map of local area.

Method for one-positional measurement of laser emission source coordinates and device for realization of said method / 2269795
In known method for one-positional measurement of angular coordinates of laser emission source, based on use of scanning optical systems and determination of angular coordinate of laser emission source on basis of angular position of scanning system at the moment when maximum value of useful signal is achieved, scanning of vicinity in selected observation sector is performed due to alternation of heterodyne signal phase front position, and angular coordinate of laser emission source is determined on basis of its angular position at the moment when maximum value of useful signal is achieved. Device for realization of method consists of photo-detector mounted on rotary platform with forming optics and of semi-transparent, held, mounted at an angle of 45° to optical axis, plate, block for processing signal at output of photo-detector, heterodyne, and also of serially connected block for forming parameters of phase front of heterodyne signal and block for controlling phase front of heterodyne signal, while second output of block for forming parameters of phase front of heterodyne signal is connected to second output of signal processing block, second input of block for controlling phase front of heterodyne is connected to output of heterodyne, and output - to second input of photo-detector.

Method of detecting objects / 2250478
Method comprises subtracting reference and current images, breaking the image series to be processed into fragments, and converting the characteristic features of the images into signals. The signals from one of the images are recorded as reference ones and are compared, e.g., by subtracting, with corresponding current signals, and, after the threshold processing, the difference signals obtained are converted into the binary signals for control of spatial filtration . As a result, the fragments of the current image, for which the control signals exceed the threshold, are transmitted, whereas the fragments, for which the signals are equal or less than the threshold value, are suppressed.

Method for detection of sources of laser radiation and counteraction of their receiving systems / 2248587
The device has a frequency-pulse laser with an objective lens secured on platforms rotating about the vertical axis, detection unit consisting of two detection sensors, and a control unit having k-flip-flops of the first and second detection sensors, k-AND gates of the first and second detection sensors, two NO gates two OR gates, two coding units, two permanent storage units, master oscillator, two arithmetic-logical devices, initial data input unit, azimuth computing unit, elevation angle computing unit and a laser radiation source height computing unit.

Device for definition of angle coordinates of pulsed laser radiation source / 2352959
Invention is related to instruments for determination of angle coordinates of pulsed laser radiation sources and may be used in protection of different objects against directed aiming. Device comprises control unit, photodetector on the basis of photodiode, two superwide-angle lenses, in focal plane of which two light-sensitive matrices are installed accordingly; time for accumulation of signal of every light-sensitive matrices, on the one hand, is so insignificant, that it provides for absence of day background, and on the other hand, it exceeds time for reset of accumulated signal by second matrix, which provides for continuity of space viewing; control unit connected to the first and second light-sensitive matrices and with photodetector device, provides for alternate accumulation of signal by light-sensitive matrices and determines angle coordinates of pulsed laser radiation source and time of signals appearance at the outlet of photodetector; light-sensitive matrix in mode of signal accumulation at the moment of signal appearance at photodiode outlet, on completion of accumulation mode transferring into mode of signal reading by control unit; at that analysis of time-pulse modulation of signal at the outlet of photodetector may be used for recognition of friend or foe.

Method of processing information in coherent laser locator with photodetector array / 2354994
Present invention relates to measuring techniques and instrument making and can be used in laser Doppler location of stealth objects flying at low altitudes above water basins. The method of processing information in a coherent laser locator with a photodetector array is based on reception of laser radiation from glare of the sea surface, arising when probing radiation is scattered by the stealth object. The current location of an object and its velocity vector can be reconstructed through measurement of angle of arrival of radiation from the glare of the sea surface using a photosensitive reception matrix and through measurement of Doppler frequency shifts in a multi-channel unit for optimum filtration based on heterodyne reception methods using multi-channel dispersive delay lines using statistical averaging methods. Cutting on the number of information processing units is achieved due to creation of two- or three-dimensional groups of elements of a photodetector array, connected to information processing channels. In the processing channel, the signal is converted to a linear-frequency-modulated equivalent with subsequent amplification, spectro-time "compression" in the dispersive delay line, detection and minimum threshold cutting with a given threshold value, which allows for converting a signal with Doppler frequency shift to a short pulse, the time position of which, relative the strobe-pulse for the beginning of the measuring cycle, uniquely characterises the value of the given Doppler frequency shift. This time position of the pulse is coded in a digital code and stored in the corresponding buffer memory of a memory device, in the code of which there is also a code of the number of the measurement cycle and the code of the number of the channel, on which the signal from an element of the photodetector array was processed. From the set of such code records in the given measurement cycle, information is obtained on Doppler frequency shifts in signals of corresponding elements of the array and the position angle on the glare of the sea surface, detected by the locator in the given measuring cycle relative the optical axis of the receiving-transmitting objective of the locator, as well as scatter angles of the probing radiation of the stealth object, generating the said glares. If conditions are met for detecting an object and its bearing auto-tracking, where the inclined range line and the optical axis of the receiving-transmitting objective of the locator lie in the same plane, location of the object and measurement of its radial velocity is done through calculation, using a minimum of two different reflected radiation in a given measurement cycle, based on the method of overlapping circles. The radiation pattern of the locator is fan-shaped - wide on the position angle and extremely narrow on the azimuth.

FIELD: physics, optics.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to instruments for determination of angle coordinates of pulsed laser radiation sources and may be used in protection of different objects against directed aiming. Device comprises control unit, photodetector on the basis of photodiode, two superwide-angle lenses, in focal plane of which two light-sensitive matrices are installed accordingly; time for accumulation of signal of every light-sensitive matrices, on the one hand, is so insignificant, that it provides for absence of day background, and on the other hand, it exceeds time for reset of accumulated signal by second matrix, which provides for continuity of space viewing; control unit connected to the first and second light-sensitive matrices and with photodetector device, provides for alternate accumulation of signal by light-sensitive matrices and determines angle coordinates of pulsed laser radiation source and time of signals appearance at the outlet of photodetector; light-sensitive matrix in mode of signal accumulation at the moment of signal appearance at photodiode outlet, on completion of accumulation mode transferring into mode of signal reading by control unit; at that analysis of time-pulse modulation of signal at the outlet of photodetector may be used for recognition of friend or foe.

EFFECT: increased distance of laser radiation source and space viewing angle detection, increased accuracy of laser radiation source angular position measurement, and possibility to control surrounding space in continuous mode, which increases possibility of aiming device detection and destruction of enemy adjusting their sights.

5 cl, 2 dwg

The invention relates to devices for determining the angular coordinates of the source of pulsed laser radiation and can be used for protection of various objects from the directional aiming.

There are various types of modern systems, which allow at any time of year and day to find a means of attack with more range and in a wide range of heights, to determine their exact coordinates and state affiliation, known for wide range of rifle scopes, night vision devices used for detection units of the enemy and targeting, which use sources of pulsed laser radiation, so there is a need to develop countermeasures to detect and aiming.

Known compact laser radar apparatus remote exploration of optical and opto-electronic means "Antisnayper-M http://www.ess.ru/publications/2_2004/volkov/volkov.htm. In the device "Antisnayper-M" applied laser illuminator, to increase the sensitivity of the receiving channel is used, the CCD, with a digital image processor. This increase in sensitivity is achieved due to the spatial and temporal integration of signals of the cumulative matrix elements. A disadvantage of the known laser radar equipment it is the small detection range, due to the active principle, and the inability to control the environment in a continuous mode.

A device detection laser sources, selected as a prototype (EN S, 20.03.2005). The known device comprises, in particular, the detection unit consisting of two sensors, and a control unit that allow us to determine the angular coordinates of the laser sources. However, in the known device as detection sensors are invited to use the elements of passive location, such as multi-element infrared sensors or IR homing head. Such sensors, for reasons of breeding background, fundamentally have a small angular field, and using the known device it is impossible to control the environment in a continuous mode.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the detection range of the laser light source and the angle space to a value of not less than a hemisphere, the ability to control the environment in a continuous mode and increase the accuracy of determining the angular coordinates of the laser light source.

The proposed device for determining the angular coordinates of the source of pulsed laser radiation contains a control unit, fotopro is mnoe device on the basis of the photodiode, two ultra-wide-angle lens, focal plane which are respectively two photosensitive matrix, and the control unit is connected to both the photosensitive matrix, and a photodetector. Time accumulation signal of each of the photosensitive matrix, with one hand, so small, that provides no fluorescent background, and on the other hand, exceeds the reset time of the accumulated signal of the second matrix, which ensures continuity in the review space. The control unit provides an alternate signal accumulation photosensitive matrix, and switching at the moment of appearance of the signal at the output of the photodetecting devices a photosensitive matrix, which is in the accumulation mode, after its completion, in the scan mode signal to the control unit. The latter has the possibility of determining the angular coordinates of the pulsed laser radiation source and the time of appearance of pulses at the output of the photodetecting device.

In addition, the photodetector may further comprise an input optical element, mounted in front of the photodiode and made in the form of a hemispherical lens of the scattering material, for example made of milk glass.

In addition, the device may be additionally introduced the serial interface on the Jena information with external devices, connected to the signal processing unit.

Figure 1 shows the functional diagram and the structure of the proposed device determining the angular coordinates of the source of pulsed laser radiation.

1 - wide angle lens-type "fish eye" (190°C);

2 - photosensitive matrix (CMOS 640×480);

3 - photodetector based on the PIN-photodiode;

4 - hemispherical lens made of milk glass (MS);

5 is an electronic block of management;

6 - serial interface information exchange with external devices;

7 - external power device.

Figure 2 shows time diagrams of the device determining the angular coordinates of the source of pulsed laser radiation.

8 - accumulation signal to the first matrix;

9 - reset information in the first matrix;

10 - accumulation signal to the second matrix;

11 - reset information in the second matrix;

12 - pulse photodetecting devices;

13 - read signal from the second matrix, since the first pulse is photodetecting device timing diagram came during the accumulation of the signal of the second matrix;

14 - processing of the read information (signal) in the electronic control unit.

The device used an ultra-wide angle lens 1-type "fish eye" and photodetecting device 3 on the basis fot the diode with an additional dispersive element, that increases the angle of a spatial overview of the device to the size of the hemisphere. Device detection of pulsed laser radiation and determine its coordinates can be used, for example, in systems for the detection of aircraft, fighting machines and the like, equipped with a laser rangefinder or a highlighter.

The proposed device operates as follows.

The initial state in which the device is most of the time, is pending the arrival of the laser pulse. In this state, the control unit 5 provides the sequential accumulation of the signal 8, 10 (2) photosensitive matrix 2, which gives the ability to control the environment in a continuous mode and in the absence of a pulse from the photodiode of the receiver 3 is alternate discarding the accumulated signal 9, 11 (figure 2). The minimum exposure time of the photosensitive matrix is determined by the fact that during this time you should have time to reset the accumulated signal from the other matrix. Time flushing the accumulated signal does not exceed 10 µs, while for signal reading time is needed about 10³once more, that is about 10 MS.

Upon receipt of the pulse 12 (figure 2) from the photodetecting device 3, which means the fact of the exposure device by the laser pulse, the control unit is of 5 switches nakaplivalsya at the moment the signal matrix, after the end of the accumulation mode (time of exposure), in the state of the read signal (information) by the control unit 5, and not in the reset state as before.

With the beginning reader 13 (2) the control unit 5 of the image with one of the matrices of the control unit 5 starts the cycle determining the angular coordinates of the registered source (coming) of the laser pulse 14 (figure 2). The procedure for measuring the angular coordinate is additionally not more than 6 MS.

And the control unit 5 stops the accumulation mode signal both matrices before the end of the signal processing and determining the angular coordinates.

After the procedure the angular coordinate measurement device outputs via the serial interface exchange with external devices 6 angular coordinates and time are registered by a photodetector of the pulse, and then returns to its original state, "waiting" for the arrival of the next pulse. When the control unit 5 again provides an alternate mode of signal accumulation photosensitive matrix 2.

In addition, simultaneously with each received pulse from the photodetecting device 3, even during the procedure for measuring the angular coordinates of the previously received pulse, the control unit 5 records the arrival time of the next pulse of the manhole the aqueous radiation 12 (figure 2) and sends to the external device, information about the time of arrival of the pulse and the time interval elapsed since the registration of the previous pulse. Analysis of time-pulse modulation of the laser source can be used for the purposes of recognition or foe.

Thus, the device can measure the angular coordinates of the incoming laser radiation pulses with a frequency of 60 Hz and record the arrival time of the pulses of laser radiation with frequencies up to several MHz. It also improves the safety of the crew of the aircraft, or combat vehicle, using the proposed device, since the proposed device is in passive mode and, therefore, does not reveal itself and yet continuously monitors the surrounding space and the detection laser guidance systems for aircraft or vehicles with this device.

1. Device for determining the angular coordinates of the source of pulsed laser radiation, containing a control unit, characterized in that it contains photodetector on the basis of the photodiode and two ultra-wide-angle lens, focal plane which are, respectively, the two photosensitive matrix, and the control unit is connected to the first and second photosensitive matrix and a photodetector that provides an alternate signal accumulation photosensitive matrices and the determination of the angular coordinates of the pulsed laser radiation source and the time of occurrence of signals at the output of photodetector devices, moreover, the analysis of time-pulse modulation signal at the output of the photodetecting device is used for recognition purposes-foe.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the time of signal accumulation of each of the photosensitive matrix, with one hand, so small, that provides no fluorescent background, and on the other hand, exceeds the reset time of the accumulated signal of the second matrix, which ensures continuity in the review space.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the photosensitive matrix, which is in the accumulation mode signal when a signal appears at the output of the photodiode after the completion of the accumulation mode enters the scan mode signal to the control unit.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the photodetector further comprises an input optical element, mounted in front of the photodiode and made in the form of a hemispherical lens of the scattering material, for example made of milk glass.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further introduced the serial exchange of information with external devices connected to the control unit.