Method for detecting optical and optical-electronic surveillance means and device for realization of said method

FIELD: optical location technologies.

SUBSTANCE: method includes simultaneously receiving signals of natural background radiation in spectral range of reflected laser radiation, and receiving continuous optical signals in spectral range of natural background radiation from observed volume of space, after transformation of received optical signals to video signal from first video signal, appropriate for reflected laser radiation, video signal is subtracted element-wise, appropriate for optical signal of natural background radiation in spectral range of reflected laser radiation, threshold selection of difference video signal is performed, and from the number of video signals, exceeding the threshold, video signals are selected, appropriate for code-pulse modulation of laser radiation and if such signals are present, alarm signal is generated, simultaneously from difference video signal, exceeding the threshold, and video signal, appropriate for continuous optical signal in spectral range of natural background radiation with consideration of parallax, and after transformation of composite video signal to optical image, position of detected optical means is fixed relatively to characteristic objects on the map of local area.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of detection of optical surveillance means on under-spreading surface, increased precision of alignment of detected means in the local area relatively to certain objects.

2 cl, 1 dwg

The invention relates to optical locations and can be used to detect optical surveillance and targeting on the background of complex underlying surface, and to determine the exact position (binding) found means to the characteristic location: buildings, constructions, window openings, individual objects on the ground using television methods of processing video signals in terms of the masking effect of signals of the underlying surface.

There is a method of detection of optical and optoelectronic type (patent RF №2133485), selected as a prototype. The method is based on sensing the controlled space of the scanned pulsed laser radiation, the optical signals of the image in the spectral range of the reflected laser radiation with a given range and the adjoining portion of the space defined by the depth of observation, converting the received image signals in the video signal, the threshold selection together the received signals to eliminate the interfering background image, while sensing the controlled space is performed with the pulse repetition frequency of the laser radiation, is equal to f_with/n, where f_with- frequency lines used television m the Toda conversion signals, n is a natural number satisfying the condition n≤f_c/f_k, a f_k- the frame rate of the method used television signal, while the emitted sequence of laser pulses encode by amplitude manipulation of the frequency f_k/m, where m is a natural number satisfying the condition of 2≤m≤f_k/2, identify from among the received video signals that exceed the threshold, the video signal correlated with the code amplitude manipulation of the emitted pulse, and, if available, to automatically generate an alarm, and after converting the video signals correlated with the amplitude code manipulation radiated pulse in the optical image is fixed by the operator wearing flicker brightness of the TV screen frequency amplitude manipulation.

However, this method is ineffective when the detection signals of the optical means on the background of complex underlying surface, for example, when the reflected signal is observed against a dark window or caves, and the house or the slope is well illuminated by the sun at an angle. In this case, the signal may not exceed the threshold and the alarm will not be generated. Another disadvantage of this method is the complexity and, in some cases, the inability to give the classification of the position signal, detected by optical means on the monitored areas. This fact is associated with low signal-to-noise in the video signal of the background because the background signal is suppressed by special measures: a reduction in the width of the received spectrum of the natural background radiation due to the selection of only the reflected laser radiation, reducing the time of exposure to natural background radiation to improve the effectiveness of temporary breeding accept pulsed laser signal.

It is also known a device for the optoelectronic detection of objects described in the patent of Russian Federation №2129287, selected as a prototype. The device contains a pulse-frequency laser, electro-optical Converter (EOC) lens, a photodetector, provided with a lens, the inlet of which is connected with the output of the image intensifier, video device, an input connected to the output of a sensor, the processing unit of video signals, the first input of which is connected to the output of the photodetector, the synchronizer, the first input connected to the output of the photodetector, and the second output to the second input of the processing unit of video signals, the first and second pulse sources of high voltage, the inputs of which are connected with the first output of the synchronizer, and the output of the first pulse source connected to the third input of the image intensifier, the packing unit is mulsow, first input connected to the output of the second pulse source, a second input to the third output of the synchronizer, and the output from the second input signal, the remote control, the output of which is connected to the second clock input, the divider framerates, an input connected to the fourth output of the synchronizer, and the first output to the third output of the video processing module, modulator, the first input connected to the second output of the divider framerates, the second entrance is from the fifth output of the synchronizer, and the output - input frequency-pulse laser, block automatic gain control, an input connected to the output of the photodetector, and the first, second and third outputs respectively to the input lens, the fourth input of the image intensifier and the entrance lens of the photodetector.

One of the disadvantages of the known device is the low efficiency of the automatic optical detection means located in dark areas or niches of the background light of the underlying surface or wall of a building, such as an attic window, which is an optoelectronic device, and a wall of the building on the front lit by the sun. Another drawback is the noisy image of the underlying surface in a wide range of illumination, because of the narrow spectral range of acceptable signal the natural background light, moreover, the signal in the time interval, is negligibly small in comparison with the duration of the frame (the value of reduction of the signal light in comparison with the conventional television system is n=T_k/τpwhere T_k=2·10^-2seconds - the duration of the frame, τ_p=10^-7÷10^-6- duration of the gate - the time during which opened the electro-optical Converter, the order n=40000 times). The latter leads to significant difficulties or the inability of the operator to determine the location of the detected optical means on the ground.

An object of the invention is to provide a method for detection of optical and optoelectronic monitoring tools and devices for its implementation, ensuring higher efficiency of the detection optical monitoring tools on the underlying surface, the higher the accuracy of the "binding" found money on the ground for specific items, such as a particular window opening in the building. The inventive method and device are combined to form a single inventive concept, allowing to carry out the technical task.

The problem is solved in that in the method of detection of optical and optoelectronic monitoring tools based on Zondervan the controlled space of the scanned pulsed laser with a repetition frequency of laser radiation in the frequency range from f _kto f_cwhere f_c- frequency lines used television method of converting signals f_k- frame rate used television method of converting signals, the reception of pulsed laser image signals in the spectral range of the reflected laser radiation with a given range and the adjoining portion of the space defined by the depth of observation, converting the received signals into a video signal, the threshold selection signal and the formation of the alarm, which according to the invention the emitted sequence of laser pulses modulate at a frequency not higher than f_k/2 and additionally produce code-pulse modulation of the laser radiation with a frequency no higher than f_k/4, at the same time produce the optical signals of the natural background radiation in the spectral range of the reflected laser radiation and produce the continuous reception of optical signals in the spectral range of the natural background radiation of the observed volume of space, after converting the received optical signals into a video signal from the first video signal corresponding to the reflected laser radiation, atomic subtract the signal corresponding to the optical signal of the natural background radiation in the spectral d is apatone reflected laser radiation, produce a threshold selection differential video signal and a video signal exceeding the threshold, produce video signals corresponding to the code-pulse modulation of the laser radiation and with them form the alarm, at the same time from the differential signal that exceeded the threshold, and the signal corresponding to the continuous optical signal in the spectral range of natural background radiation taking into account parallax corresponding to a given range, to form a composite video signal, and after converting the composite video signal into an optical image by the operator fix the position of the detected optical means relative to the characteristic of the field objects.

The problem is solved also by the fact that in the device detection optical and optoelectronic monitoring tools containing sequentially placed in the input lens, an interference filter, electro-optical Converter (EOC) and the camera with lens, the unit gate pulses, the output of which is connected to the control input of the electro-optical Converter, pulse-frequency laser, the input connected to the modulator of the laser, the video processing module (BOV), monitor, remote control and synchronizer, first and second outputs of which are connected with the responsibly to the inputs of the processing unit of the video signal and camera lens, and the third output through a divider framerates connected to the input of the modulator laser, the output control unit connected respectively to the clock input and the second input of the video processing module, a third input connected to the input of the monitor, according to the invention introduced the delay unit in range and connected in series with the second video camera with lens and optical low pass filter and shaper of the composite signal, the output of which is connected to the input of the monitor, the output of the first camera lens connected to the second input of the shaper composite video signal connected in series through the switch device, the block of human memory, driver differential video signal, the threshold block and block parallax correction, the output of the divider framerates connected to the control input of the switch signal, the fourth output of the synchronizer and the first appearance of scales are connected respectively with the first and second inputs of the delay unit in range, the output of which is connected to the input of the gate pulse, the second outputs of the differential driver of the video signal and the threshold unit are connected respectively to the fourth and fifth inputs of scales, second and third outputs of which are connected respectively to the second input of block correction parallax the a and the reference input of the threshold unit, and the fifth and sixth outputs of the synchronizer connected respectively to the second input unit human memory and the control input of the shaper differential signal, a second input connected to the second output of the switch signal, and the divider framerates made with a division factor equal to two.

The device may further comprise a driver code included between the second output scale and managing the input of the modulator of the laser.

In addition, the output pulse frequency of the laser may be an additional interference filter.

The video signal from the underlying surface is formed under optimal conditions - a wide range, standard exposure, and has a high signal-to-noise ratio and, therefore, the image area is well recognized by the operator. The signals from the optical object and the underlying surface is additionally accepted in one angle, range and with the same exposure, for example through the frame (alternately) in the absence and presence of the illumination laser radiation, and the video signals corresponding to them, are subtracted from one another. In this case, changes in the observed volume of space can be neglected. This eliminates the interfering effect of signals from the underlying surface when the threshold is detected, e.g. the measures according to the criterion of Neyman-Pearson. The selected signals of the optical means and the video signals of the underlying surface with good signal-to-noise ratio with a pre-determined range and the base of the reception signal is converted into a composite signal that provides a comfortable observation image by the operator.

In the device, this is achieved by using two receiving channels. In the first channel is formed by the video signal from the underlying surface is a low pass filter does not pass the emission spectrum of the laser. The second channel through the frame in the same conditions are taken alternately a mixture of background radiation and signals from the optical objects and signals only background radiation. The difference of these signals is fed to a threshold device (detector), the threshold which is calculated based on the RMS noise value. From the selected video signal and the video signal from the underlying surface with a pre-determined range and the base (the distance between the optical axes of the receiving channels) is formed by a video signal, which is presented to the operator. The encoding of the laser radiation further improves the efficiency of the detection signals from the optical objects.

Method detection optical and optoelectronic monitoring tools based on sensing the controlled volume space, Breakfast is STV scanned pulsed laser with a repetition frequency of laser radiation in the frequency range from f _kto f_cwhere f_kand f_c- frame rate and row method used television signal, the reception of pulsed laser image signals in the spectral range of the reflected laser radiation with a given range and the adjoining portion of the space defined by the depth of observation, converting the received signals into a video signal, the threshold selection signal and the formation of the alarm, while the emitted sequence of laser pulses modulate at a frequency not higher from f_k/2 and produce code-pulse with a frequency no higher than f_k/4.

Simultaneously with the reception of pulsed laser image signals in the spectral range of pulsed laser radiation to produce optical signals of natural background radiation in the spectral range of the laser radiation and produce the continuous reception of optical signals in the spectral range of the natural background radiation of the observed volume of space, after converting the received optical signals into a video signal from the first video signal corresponding to the reflected laser radiation, atomic subtract the signal corresponding to the optical signal of the natural background radiation in the spectral range of the reflected laser is about radiation, produce a threshold selection differential video signal and a video signal exceeding the threshold, produce video signals corresponding to the code-pulse modulation of the laser radiation, and when they form the alarm, at the same time from the differential signal that exceeded the threshold, and the signal corresponding to the continuous optical signal in the spectral range of natural background radiation taking into account parallax corresponding to a given range, to form a composite video signal, and after converting the composite video signal into an optical image by the operator fix the position of the detected optical means relative to the characteristic of the field objects.

The drawing shows a structural electrical diagram of the device detection optical and optoelectronic monitoring tools.

In the drawing: target 0, the optical low pass filter 1, the camera 2 lens, the imaging unit 3 composite video signal, the input lens 4, the interference filter 5, the electro-optical Converter 6, a camera 7 lens, switch, video 8, block human memory 9, a shaper, a differential signal 10, the correction block 11 corresponds to the threshold block 12, block gate pulse 13, the delay unit Yes is a major 14, the divider framerates on two 15, the synchronizer 16, the driver code 17, the video processing module 18, the interference filter 19, the frequency-pulse laser 20, the modulator 21 laser, a monitor 22, a control unit 23.

Device detection optical and optoelectronic monitoring tools contains consistently placed the input lens 4, the interference filter 5, the electro-optical Converter (EOC) 6 and the camera 7 lens unit gate pulse 13, the output of which is connected to the control input of the image intensifier 6, the frequency-pulse laser 20, the inlet of which is connected to the modulator of the laser 21, the video processing module (BOV) 18, a monitor 22, a control unit 23 and the synchronizer 16, the first and second outputs of which are connected respectively to the inputs of the scale 18 and the video camera 7 lens, and the third output - through the divider framerates 15 with a division factor equal to two, is connected to the input of the modulator laser 21, the outputs of the control unit 23 connected respectively to the clock input 16 and the second input scale 18, the third input connected to the input of the monitor 22, the driver code 17 connected between the output of the scale 15 and the controlling input of the modulator laser 21, the delay unit in range 14 and connected in series to the second camera 2 lens and optical potresaushi the filter 1, and shaper composite signal 3, the output of which is connected to the input of the monitor 22, the output of the first camera 7 lens connected to the second input of the shaper composite video 3 connected in series through switch video output 8, block human memory 9, a shaper, a differential signal 10, the threshold block 12 and block parallax correction 11, the output of the divider framerates 15 is connected to the control input of the switch signal 8, the fourth output of the synchronizer 16 and the other output scale 18 are connected respectively with the first and second inputs of the delay unit in range 14, the output of which is connected to the input of the gate pulse 13, the second the outputs of driver differential video signal 10 and the threshold unit 12 are connected respectively to the fourth and fifth inputs of the scale 18, the second and third outputs of which are connected respectively to the second input unit parallax correction 11 and the control input of the threshold unit 12, and the fifth and sixth outputs of the synchronizer 18 is connected respectively to the second input unit human memory 9 and the control input of the shaper differential video signal is 0, the second input connected to the second output switch video output 8.

The output frequency of the pulsed laser 20 is an additional interference filter 19.

The device works the AET as follows.

The detected amount of space where the detected object 0 is highlighted natural background and pulsed laser light 20 with a frequency f_with÷f_kwhere f_cand f_k- line frequency and frame of the television way of converting the optical signal.

Pulsed laser radiation in this case is modulated with a frequency f_to/2 with divider 16 framerates on two and modulator 21 of the laser. Additionally, there is coding already modulated laser radiation using the driver code 17 and modulator 21 of the laser. The interference filter 19 complicates the detection laser lens third-party tools detection.

Reflected from the object 0 and the underlying surface of the laser radiation and natural background radiation passing through the input lens 4 and the interference filter 5, generates the input photocathode 6 image of the object and the detected amount of space. The shape of the detected amount of space is determined by the angular field of view of the input lens 4, and the depth of the detected amount of space is determined by the pulse width, strobe TUBE 6. The pulse Gating comes with the unit gate pulses 13. The delay of the edge of strobe relative to the excitation laser pulse is determined the distance to the detected amount of space. The delay time of the pulse Gating is set with the remote control 23 via the video processing module 18 and the delay unit in range 14. Correction parallax depending on the distance and the distance between the optical axes (base) L between the input lens 4 and the second camera with the lens 2 is in the video processing module 18, and the corresponding time shift differential signal relative to the video camera lens unit 2 is set parallax correction 11.

Optical image intensifying TUBE 6 and converted into a video signal by the video camera 7 lens. Switch video signals 8 divides frames. The video signal containing the signals of the reflected laser radiation enters the shaper differential signal 10 through the block human memory 9, and the video signal corresponding to the image obtained in the spectrum of the natural background from the switch signal 8, is fed to the second input of the shaper differential video signal 10, the output of which is formed by a differential signal containing in the structure a video laser signals reflected from the optical means on the background of the "almost" white noise, the signals from the underlying surface is almost completely suppressed.

This result is achieved by means of correlation and R the ties acceleration in channels 7-8-9-10 and 7-8-10. The threshold block 12 on the threshold selects the signals mainly detected optical objects.

The threshold in the threshold unit 12 is set after processing the differential signal in the video processing module 18. According to the code, which is modulated probe laser radiation, the code obtained in the structure of the differential video signal to the video processing module 18, a decision is made about the detection signal of the optical means.

This treatment virtually eliminates the impact on the level of the threshold signal of the underlying surface and allows you to set a minimum threshold and to detect the optical signals of funds with minimal levels, i.e. to realize maximum system sensitivity to the signals of the detected objects.

The optical signals of interest, exceeded the threshold, through the block parallax correction 11 arrives at the shaper composite signal 3 and further to the monitor 22 and the processing unit 18 of the video.

Thus, the operator is presented a high-quality image of the underlying surface with bright signals detected optical and optoelectronic objects having the exact "binding" to a specific location.

The interference filter 19 at the output of the laser 20 complicates the detection of this device other means the AMI detection of a similar type.

1. Method detection optical and optoelectronic monitoring tools, based on the sensing of a controlled amount of space scanned pulsed laser with a repetition frequency of laser radiation in the frequency range from f_kto f_cwhere f_c- frequency lines used television method of converting signals; f_k- frame rate used television method of converting signals, the reception of pulsed laser image signals in the spectral range of the reflected laser radiation with a given range and the adjoining portion of the space defined by the depth of observation, converting the received signals into a video signal, the threshold selection signal and the formation of the alarm, wherein the emitted sequence of laser pulses modulate at a frequency not higher than f_k/2 and additionally produce code-pulse modulation of the laser radiation with a frequency no higher than f_k/4, simultaneously produce reception signals of the natural background radiation in the spectral range of the reflected laser radiation and produce the continuous reception of optical signals in the spectral range of the natural background radiation of the observed volume of space, after converting received on the optical signals in the video signal from the first signal, the corresponding reflected laser radiation, atomic subtract the signal corresponding to the optical signal of the natural background radiation in the spectral range of the reflected laser radiation, produce a threshold selection differential video signal and a video signal exceeding the threshold, produce video signals corresponding to the code-pulse modulation of the laser radiation and with them form the alarm, at the same time from the differential signal that exceeded the threshold, and the signal corresponding to the continuous optical signal in the spectral range of natural background radiation taking into account parallax corresponding to a given range, to form a composite video signal, and after converting the composite video signal into an optical image by the operator fix the position of the detected optical means regarding the characteristic of the field objects.

2. Device detection optical and optoelectronic monitoring tools containing sequentially placed in the input lens, an interference filter, electro-optical Converter (EOC) and the camera with lens, the unit gate pulses, the output of which is connected to the control input of the electro-optical Converter, a frequency-impulsgeber, an input connected to the modulator of the laser, the video processing module (BOV), monitor, remote control and synchronizer, first and second outputs which are connected respectively to the inputs of the processing unit of the video signal and camera lens, and the third output through a divider framerates connected to the input of the modulator laser, the output control unit connected respectively to the clock input and the second input of the video processing module, a third input connected to the input of the monitor, wherein the introduced delay unit in range and connected in series camcorder with lens in front of which is placed an optical low pass filter, and the composite driver whose output is connected to the input of the monitor, the output of the first camera lens connected to the second input of the shaper composite video signal connected in series through the switch device, the block of human memory, driver differential video signal, the threshold block and the block parallax correction, the output of the divider framerates connected to the control input of the switch signal, the fourth output of the synchronizer and the first appearance of scales are connected respectively with the first and second inputs of the delay unit in range, the output of which is connected to the input of the gate the pulses, the second outputs of the differential driver of the video signal and the threshold unit are connected respectively to the fourth and fifth inputs of scales, second and third outputs of which are connected respectively to the second input unit parallax correction and the reference input of the threshold unit, and the fifth and sixth outputs of the synchronizer connected respectively to the second input unit human memory and the control input of the shaper differential signal, a second input connected to the second output of the switch signal, and the divider framerates made with a division factor equal to two.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the driver code included between the second output scale and managing the input of the modulator of the laser.

4. The device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the output frequency of the pulse laser is an additional interference filter.