Diamond crown bit
 Drilling bit / 2268348Drilling bit comprises body with slits formed in lower part thereof. The slits are inclined in direction opposite to body rotation direction and divide the body into sectors reinforced with concentrically arranged cutters. The drilling bit also has guiding bush with connection thread arranged in body interior. The sectors are arranged in steps and the leading sectors are reinforced with rock-cutting members having lesser wear resistance and lesser bending resistance in comparison with other drilling bit sectors. To provide this the leading sectors have reduced cross-sections. The cross-sections are reduced by forming unloading radial channels arranged at slit bases or by imparting trapezoid shapes to the leading sectors, wherein the bases of trapezoid sectors are arranged from connection thread side. |
 Thermal-mechanical drilling method and device / 2263758Method involves frictional heating of rock surface layer; separating above layer by cutting and removing the cuttings with flushing liquid. One half of face section corresponding to annular strip with width equal to half of face width is heated by frictional member rubbing. Another half thereof is cooled with flushing liquid. Outer and inner face parts are alternately heated and cooled. Thermal-mechanical drilling device comprises body, frictional members adapted to weaken rock surface layer by heating thereof, cutters and radial channels for flushing liquid. Frictional members and cutters are divided into downhole and core treating sections and have outlines defined in radial sections thereof in face contact area, which coincide with each other in overlapped manner. Non-working faces of frictional members and face form annular channels connected with radial channels for flushing liquid. |
 Bit / 2263197Bit comprises body with diamond matrix divided in sections by flushing channels, cylindrical cutters made of synthetic diamonds and reinforcing the sections. Synthetic diamond cutters are inclined towards body end and project in respect to the body. Synthetic diamonds are also inclined to matrix ends so that diagonal plane extending through diametrically opposite points of cutter cylinder bases and dividing the cylinder in two halves coincides with matrix plane. Synthetic diamonds have optimal dimensions of 0.07-0.14 of cutter diameter. Area of contact surface defined in matrix section is 1.8-2.4 times greater than summary areas of contact surfaces of the cutters in above section. |
 Drilling bit with removable members / 2257459Drilling bit comprises body with inner surface, replaceable rock-cutting members connected to holders made as spaced tail pieces and fixer for body and holders fixation. Inner surface of bit body has annular groove. Tail pieces of holders have shoulders made as sectioned inserts with slots on outer surfaces thereof to fit the inserts in annular groove of drilling bit body. Body and tail pieces have beveled end surfaces so that they may cooperate with each other. Fixer is made as a number of radial rivets connecting tail pieces with drilling bit body. |
 Diamond drilling bit / 2257458Diamond drilling bit comprises body with matrix divided into a number of sections by waterways. Concentric rock-cutting members of diamond bit matrix are provided with cutters made of superhard composite material arranged from end matrix surface and installed in arches of the sections. Distance between cutters decreases from drilling bit periphery co center thereof. |
 Drilling tool / 2246603Drilling toll has body with thread and inner washing channel, as well as matrix, contacting pin by its inner surface and having outer end spherical surface, provided with rock-destroying means. Pin in body is mounted coaxially. Outer end spherical surface of matrix with rock-destroying means is made with diameter equal to outer diameter of drilling toll, and inner surface of matrix and outer surface of pin are made spherical, centers of which coincide with center of outer end spherical surface of matrix. Between inner surface of matrix and spherical pin, balls are mounted in recesses of contact surfaces. Recesses for balls made in matrix are elongated in vertical directions from ball center for distance L=(R+r)tgΨ, where R - radius of pin spherical outer surface, m; r - ball radius, m; Ψ - maximally possible angle of matrix rotation in vertical plane, in degrees. |
 Chisel for core-catching / 2244091Device has body with blades provided with cutters, central aperture for core catcher and apertures for pumping of drilling mud, placed in inter-blade channels of chisel in body wall between central aperture and outer surface of chisel body. Apertures for pumping of solution are made in radial and/or tangential plane in such a way, that distance between central aperture and apertures for mud pumping at input into chisel body is greater, than at output from chisel body. |
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Chisel for core-catching / 2244091 Device has body with blades provided with cutters, central aperture for core catcher and apertures for pumping of drilling mud, placed in inter-blade channels of chisel in body wall between central aperture and outer surface of chisel body. Apertures for pumping of solution are made in radial and/or tangential plane in such a way, that distance between central aperture and apertures for mud pumping at input into chisel body is greater, than at output from chisel body. |
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Drilling tool / 2246603 Drilling toll has body with thread and inner washing channel, as well as matrix, contacting pin by its inner surface and having outer end spherical surface, provided with rock-destroying means. Pin in body is mounted coaxially. Outer end spherical surface of matrix with rock-destroying means is made with diameter equal to outer diameter of drilling toll, and inner surface of matrix and outer surface of pin are made spherical, centers of which coincide with center of outer end spherical surface of matrix. Between inner surface of matrix and spherical pin, balls are mounted in recesses of contact surfaces. Recesses for balls made in matrix are elongated in vertical directions from ball center for distance L=(R+r)tgΨ, where R - radius of pin spherical outer surface, m; r - ball radius, m; Ψ - maximally possible angle of matrix rotation in vertical plane, in degrees. |
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Diamond drilling bit / 2257458 Diamond drilling bit comprises body with matrix divided into a number of sections by waterways. Concentric rock-cutting members of diamond bit matrix are provided with cutters made of superhard composite material arranged from end matrix surface and installed in arches of the sections. Distance between cutters decreases from drilling bit periphery co center thereof. |
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Drilling bit with removable members / 2257459 Drilling bit comprises body with inner surface, replaceable rock-cutting members connected to holders made as spaced tail pieces and fixer for body and holders fixation. Inner surface of bit body has annular groove. Tail pieces of holders have shoulders made as sectioned inserts with slots on outer surfaces thereof to fit the inserts in annular groove of drilling bit body. Body and tail pieces have beveled end surfaces so that they may cooperate with each other. Fixer is made as a number of radial rivets connecting tail pieces with drilling bit body. |
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Bit / 2263197 Bit comprises body with diamond matrix divided in sections by flushing channels, cylindrical cutters made of synthetic diamonds and reinforcing the sections. Synthetic diamond cutters are inclined towards body end and project in respect to the body. Synthetic diamonds are also inclined to matrix ends so that diagonal plane extending through diametrically opposite points of cutter cylinder bases and dividing the cylinder in two halves coincides with matrix plane. Synthetic diamonds have optimal dimensions of 0.07-0.14 of cutter diameter. Area of contact surface defined in matrix section is 1.8-2.4 times greater than summary areas of contact surfaces of the cutters in above section. |
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Thermal-mechanical drilling method and device / 2263758 Method involves frictional heating of rock surface layer; separating above layer by cutting and removing the cuttings with flushing liquid. One half of face section corresponding to annular strip with width equal to half of face width is heated by frictional member rubbing. Another half thereof is cooled with flushing liquid. Outer and inner face parts are alternately heated and cooled. Thermal-mechanical drilling device comprises body, frictional members adapted to weaken rock surface layer by heating thereof, cutters and radial channels for flushing liquid. Frictional members and cutters are divided into downhole and core treating sections and have outlines defined in radial sections thereof in face contact area, which coincide with each other in overlapped manner. Non-working faces of frictional members and face form annular channels connected with radial channels for flushing liquid. |
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Drilling bit / 2268348 Drilling bit comprises body with slits formed in lower part thereof. The slits are inclined in direction opposite to body rotation direction and divide the body into sectors reinforced with concentrically arranged cutters. The drilling bit also has guiding bush with connection thread arranged in body interior. The sectors are arranged in steps and the leading sectors are reinforced with rock-cutting members having lesser wear resistance and lesser bending resistance in comparison with other drilling bit sectors. To provide this the leading sectors have reduced cross-sections. The cross-sections are reduced by forming unloading radial channels arranged at slit bases or by imparting trapezoid shapes to the leading sectors, wherein the bases of trapezoid sectors are arranged from connection thread side. |
 Diamond crown bit / 2287657Crown includes body and matrix, divided by washing grooves on working sectors of variable length reinforced with cutting elements. Crown is provided with hollow inserts positioned in washing grooves, open on the side of well bottom and made in cross-section in form of circular segments with height, alternating along length. Hollow inserts on portions adjacent to matrix have convex shape, congruent to concave sides of working sectors. |
 Crown bit / 2287658Crown includes body and diamond-containing matrix, divided by washing grooves on sectors, reinforced by external and internal reaming and volumetric diamonds. Special feature of crown is the positioning schematic of reaming diamonds, which in vertical plane in each sector are mounted along inclined line, while beginning of line, positioned in frontal part of sector is shifted along height relatively to another end of line towards connecting thread. |
 Crown bit / 2298077Drilling bit comprises body and matrix separated into sectors with flushing grooves. The sectors are provided with hole-forming, central and core-forming inserts made of superhard alloy and with protective members for hole-forming and core-forming insert protection. The protective members for hole-forming and core-forming inserts are made as bushes with conical apexes and eccentric channels, which are open in outer surface of protective bush. The inserts are arranged in bush interior and are made of wear-resistant material having hardness decreasing from center to periphery thereof. |
FIELD: rock-destroying instruments for drilling wells with extraction of core sample, namely, crown bits with diamond armaments.
SUBSTANCE: crown includes body and matrix, divided by washing grooves on working sectors of variable length reinforced with cutting elements. Crown is provided with hollow inserts positioned in washing grooves, open on the side of well bottom and made in cross-section in form of circular segments with height, alternating along length. Hollow inserts on portions adjacent to matrix have convex shape, congruent to concave sides of working sectors.
EFFECT: increased drilling speeds due to increased reliability of holding of working sectors, improved cooling of cutting elements and increased saturation of working part of sector with cutting elements.
3 cl, 2 dwg
The invention relates to the field of rock cutting tools, namely, drill crowns with diamond weapons for drilling with coring.
Famous diamond drilling crown, including the housing and the matrix, separated by washing the slots on specific sectors, reinforced diamonds (see avts of the USSR №308181, CL E 21 10/48, 1970).
The disadvantage of this crown is the low penetration rate, due to the large surface area of the diamond matrix that leads to a significant increase in the volume of destroyed rock. Another disadvantage of this crown is the need for high axial loads on the crown, which leads to rapid wear of the drill string and the increase in the number of its cliffs.
Closest to the proposed to the technical essence and the achieved result is diamond drilling crown, including the housing and the matrix, separated by washing the slots on the reinforced cutting elements working sectors with variable length (see avts of the USSR №1135892, CL E 21 10/48, 1978).
This crown is only partially addresses the shortcomings of analogue. This is due to a significant reduction tarnobrzeska parts business sectors, poor cleaning of the face from cuttings and insufficient cooling of a matrix of wash liquid. In connection with) the part of an object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of crowns by increasing drilling and mechanical drilling speed due to better cooling of the matrix, better cleaning of the face from cuttings and optimizing reinforcement of business sectors.
The technical problem is solved by the fact that in the diamond drill crown, including the housing and the matrix, separated by washing the slots on the reinforced cutting elements working sectors with variable length, according to the invention, the crown is equipped posted in flushing grooves hollow inserts, open from the bottom hole and made in cross-section in the form of annular segments with a variable height along the length, while the hollow insert in areas adjacent to the matrix, have a convex shape, congruent concave faces business sectors.
The task also contributes to that:
- hollow insert on the end sections have a height of not less than the height of business sectors;
the height h of the flushing grooves associated with the height H of the hollow inserts at their end areas by the equation: h=(0,25-0,35)H.
The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which figure 1 depicts a General view of the crown in the longitudinal section a-a in figure 2; figure 2 is a view of the crown from the side of the working end.
The proposed drilling crown comprises a cylindrical housing 1 mounting thread 2 and the matrix 3, separated flushing grooves 4 into the working sector 5, reinforced cutting elements predominantly natural or artificial diamonds 6. In the flushing grooves 4 are placed and rigidly connected to the housing 1 of the hollow insert 7, the open side of the borehole bottom and made in cross-section in the form of annular segments with a convex end sections 8, adjacent to the matrix, and with a variable height along the length, while the end sections 9 business sectors 5 are concave form, superposed end portions 8 of the hollow inserts 7. The hollow insert 7 on the end areas adjacent to the matrix 3 has a height h that is at least the height of the working sectors 5, the height h of the flushing grooves 4 is connected with the height H of the hollow inserts 7 end 8 plots the ratio: h=(0,25-0,35)H.
The performance of the sectors 5 with the concave end sections 8 provides uravnoveshennosti crowns across the width of the matrix 3 by increasing the length as well-and tarnobrzeska sites business sectors 5. In impregnated crowns this is achieved by increasing the volume of the diamond matrix, and in single - layer crown due to a larger saturation diamonds 6, first and foremost, a concave front face 9 business sectors 5.
Use as a flushing grooves 4 of the hollow inserts 7 with the convex end sections 8 provides reliable fixation reliable fixation of the hollow inserts 7 and business sectors 5, experiencing knowledge is sustained fashion bending efforts. The proposed form of the hollow inserts 7 and business sectors 5 provides them with a mutex. In addition, the opening of the cavity inserts 7-side end of the crown provides constant cooling business sectors 5 throughout their height, and their first incident face which is subjected to the greatest heat. Thus the cooling effect is enhanced by the creation of turbulent flow under side of the crown, and by performing the flushing grooves 4 height - h, associated with the height H of the hollow inserts 7 on the end sections 8, value: h=(0,25-0,35)H. Maximum height of hollow inserts 7 generally corresponds to the height of the working sectors 5. As shown by bench tests, when performing the flushing grooves 4 with a smaller height worsening in the terms of washing and removal of the sludge from the under side of the crown, and exceeding this height decreases the strength of attachment of hollow inserts 7 and is broken washing system. The wall thickness of hollow inserts 7 and the material is selected from the conditions ensure their durability and rapid wear as compared to the working sectors and optimum flow area for drilling fluid.
The principle of operation of the crown is the following. Under the action of axial load and torque cutting elements 6 are embedded in the rocks and produce its destruction. The flush fluid picks up ruined rock and brings it to the surface. In this part of the wash fluid fills the cavity of the hollow inserts 7 and cools the incident face of the business sectors 5, where the greatest heating of the matrix 3. In addition, due to the constant presence of drilling fluid in the cavity inserts 7 is a greatly reduced likelihood of preroga crowns.
Thus, the proposed constructive, the crowns can improve technical and economic performance of the crown, namely the tunneling and drilling speed by increasing the reliability of fastening of business sectors and the hollow inserts, improving cooling of the cutting elements and a higher saturation of the working part of the sector cutting elements.
1. Diamond drilling crown, including the housing and the matrix, separated by washing the slots on the reinforced cutting elements working sectors with variable length, characterized in that the crown is equipped posted in flushing grooves hollow inserts, open from the bottom hole and made in cross-section in the form of annular segments with a variable height along the length, while the hollow insert in areas adjacent to the matrix, have a convex shape, congruent concave faces business sectors.
2. Drilling to the ronca according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow insert on the end sections have a height of not less than the height of business sectors.
3. Drilling crown according to claim 1, characterized in that the height h of the flushing grooves associated with the height H of the hollow inserts at their end sections ratio:
h=(0,25-0,35)H.