Bit
 Drilling bit with removable members / 2257459Drilling bit comprises body with inner surface, replaceable rock-cutting members connected to holders made as spaced tail pieces and fixer for body and holders fixation. Inner surface of bit body has annular groove. Tail pieces of holders have shoulders made as sectioned inserts with slots on outer surfaces thereof to fit the inserts in annular groove of drilling bit body. Body and tail pieces have beveled end surfaces so that they may cooperate with each other. Fixer is made as a number of radial rivets connecting tail pieces with drilling bit body. |
 Diamond drilling bit / 2257458Diamond drilling bit comprises body with matrix divided into a number of sections by waterways. Concentric rock-cutting members of diamond bit matrix are provided with cutters made of superhard composite material arranged from end matrix surface and installed in arches of the sections. Distance between cutters decreases from drilling bit periphery co center thereof. |
 Drilling tool / 2246603Drilling toll has body with thread and inner washing channel, as well as matrix, contacting pin by its inner surface and having outer end spherical surface, provided with rock-destroying means. Pin in body is mounted coaxially. Outer end spherical surface of matrix with rock-destroying means is made with diameter equal to outer diameter of drilling toll, and inner surface of matrix and outer surface of pin are made spherical, centers of which coincide with center of outer end spherical surface of matrix. Between inner surface of matrix and spherical pin, balls are mounted in recesses of contact surfaces. Recesses for balls made in matrix are elongated in vertical directions from ball center for distance L=(R+r)tgΨ, where R - radius of pin spherical outer surface, m; r - ball radius, m; Ψ - maximally possible angle of matrix rotation in vertical plane, in degrees. |
 Chisel for core-catching / 2244091Device has body with blades provided with cutters, central aperture for core catcher and apertures for pumping of drilling mud, placed in inter-blade channels of chisel in body wall between central aperture and outer surface of chisel body. Apertures for pumping of solution are made in radial and/or tangential plane in such a way, that distance between central aperture and apertures for mud pumping at input into chisel body is greater, than at output from chisel body. |
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Chisel for core-catching / 2244091 Device has body with blades provided with cutters, central aperture for core catcher and apertures for pumping of drilling mud, placed in inter-blade channels of chisel in body wall between central aperture and outer surface of chisel body. Apertures for pumping of solution are made in radial and/or tangential plane in such a way, that distance between central aperture and apertures for mud pumping at input into chisel body is greater, than at output from chisel body. |
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Drilling tool / 2246603 Drilling toll has body with thread and inner washing channel, as well as matrix, contacting pin by its inner surface and having outer end spherical surface, provided with rock-destroying means. Pin in body is mounted coaxially. Outer end spherical surface of matrix with rock-destroying means is made with diameter equal to outer diameter of drilling toll, and inner surface of matrix and outer surface of pin are made spherical, centers of which coincide with center of outer end spherical surface of matrix. Between inner surface of matrix and spherical pin, balls are mounted in recesses of contact surfaces. Recesses for balls made in matrix are elongated in vertical directions from ball center for distance L=(R+r)tgΨ, where R - radius of pin spherical outer surface, m; r - ball radius, m; Ψ - maximally possible angle of matrix rotation in vertical plane, in degrees. |
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Diamond drilling bit / 2257458 Diamond drilling bit comprises body with matrix divided into a number of sections by waterways. Concentric rock-cutting members of diamond bit matrix are provided with cutters made of superhard composite material arranged from end matrix surface and installed in arches of the sections. Distance between cutters decreases from drilling bit periphery co center thereof. |
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Drilling bit with removable members / 2257459 Drilling bit comprises body with inner surface, replaceable rock-cutting members connected to holders made as spaced tail pieces and fixer for body and holders fixation. Inner surface of bit body has annular groove. Tail pieces of holders have shoulders made as sectioned inserts with slots on outer surfaces thereof to fit the inserts in annular groove of drilling bit body. Body and tail pieces have beveled end surfaces so that they may cooperate with each other. Fixer is made as a number of radial rivets connecting tail pieces with drilling bit body. |
 Bit / 2263197Bit comprises body with diamond matrix divided in sections by flushing channels, cylindrical cutters made of synthetic diamonds and reinforcing the sections. Synthetic diamond cutters are inclined towards body end and project in respect to the body. Synthetic diamonds are also inclined to matrix ends so that diagonal plane extending through diametrically opposite points of cutter cylinder bases and dividing the cylinder in two halves coincides with matrix plane. Synthetic diamonds have optimal dimensions of 0.07-0.14 of cutter diameter. Area of contact surface defined in matrix section is 1.8-2.4 times greater than summary areas of contact surfaces of the cutters in above section. |
 Thermal-mechanical drilling method and device / 2263758Method involves frictional heating of rock surface layer; separating above layer by cutting and removing the cuttings with flushing liquid. One half of face section corresponding to annular strip with width equal to half of face width is heated by frictional member rubbing. Another half thereof is cooled with flushing liquid. Outer and inner face parts are alternately heated and cooled. Thermal-mechanical drilling device comprises body, frictional members adapted to weaken rock surface layer by heating thereof, cutters and radial channels for flushing liquid. Frictional members and cutters are divided into downhole and core treating sections and have outlines defined in radial sections thereof in face contact area, which coincide with each other in overlapped manner. Non-working faces of frictional members and face form annular channels connected with radial channels for flushing liquid. |
 Drilling bit / 2268348Drilling bit comprises body with slits formed in lower part thereof. The slits are inclined in direction opposite to body rotation direction and divide the body into sectors reinforced with concentrically arranged cutters. The drilling bit also has guiding bush with connection thread arranged in body interior. The sectors are arranged in steps and the leading sectors are reinforced with rock-cutting members having lesser wear resistance and lesser bending resistance in comparison with other drilling bit sectors. To provide this the leading sectors have reduced cross-sections. The cross-sections are reduced by forming unloading radial channels arranged at slit bases or by imparting trapezoid shapes to the leading sectors, wherein the bases of trapezoid sectors are arranged from connection thread side. |
 Diamond crown bit / 2287657Crown includes body and matrix, divided by washing grooves on working sectors of variable length reinforced with cutting elements. Crown is provided with hollow inserts positioned in washing grooves, open on the side of well bottom and made in cross-section in form of circular segments with height, alternating along length. Hollow inserts on portions adjacent to matrix have convex shape, congruent to concave sides of working sectors. |
 Crown bit / 2287658Crown includes body and diamond-containing matrix, divided by washing grooves on sectors, reinforced by external and internal reaming and volumetric diamonds. Special feature of crown is the positioning schematic of reaming diamonds, which in vertical plane in each sector are mounted along inclined line, while beginning of line, positioned in frontal part of sector is shifted along height relatively to another end of line towards connecting thread. |
 Crown bit / 2298077Drilling bit comprises body and matrix separated into sectors with flushing grooves. The sectors are provided with hole-forming, central and core-forming inserts made of superhard alloy and with protective members for hole-forming and core-forming insert protection. The protective members for hole-forming and core-forming inserts are made as bushes with conical apexes and eccentric channels, which are open in outer surface of protective bush. The inserts are arranged in bush interior and are made of wear-resistant material having hardness decreasing from center to periphery thereof. |
FIELD: rock cutting tools, particularly bits for drilling expendable wells.
SUBSTANCE: bit comprises body with diamond matrix divided in sections by flushing channels, cylindrical cutters made of synthetic diamonds and reinforcing the sections. Synthetic diamond cutters are inclined towards body end and project in respect to the body. Synthetic diamonds are also inclined to matrix ends so that diagonal plane extending through diametrically opposite points of cutter cylinder bases and dividing the cylinder in two halves coincides with matrix plane. Synthetic diamonds have optimal dimensions of 0.07-0.14 of cutter diameter. Area of contact surface defined in matrix section is 1.8-2.4 times greater than summary areas of contact surfaces of the cutters in above section.
EFFECT: possibility to create preconditioning zone over the whole on-cycle period, elimination of matrix freezing-in, increased efficiency of cuttings removing from cutting area and, as a result, improved cutting ability of the bit along with increased mechanical drilling rate.
3 cl, 2 dwg
The invention relates to a rock cutting tool, namely the drilling crowns, and can be used in drilling exploration wells.
Known drilling crown (see M.I. Isaev Technical progress and new achievements in core drilling. Leningrad, Nedra, 1976, s, RES), comprising a housing with a diamond matrix, separated by washing the slots on the sectors, reinforced obliquely mounted to the casing and exposed with regard to him cylindrical cutters from synthetic diamonds.
Known also closest in technical essence to the claimed drilling crown (awts of the USSR №1020565, IPC 3 E 21 10/48, epubl, bull.№20), which as described above crown includes a housing with diamond matrix, separated by washing the slots on the sectors, reinforced obliquely mounted to the casing and exposed with regard to him cylindrical cutters of synthetic diamond and related work sectors are made in different lengths and in each sector with greater length cutters installed with overlapping b=0,2...0,4 d, and in the sector with a shorter - supercritial l=0,3...0,5 d, where d is the diameter of the cutter.
Disadvantages described drill bits are unable to provide a stable prednaznachenie breed throughout the period of operation of is inadequate for the thoughtful layout of incisors in the matrix and non-maturity choice of the size of the diamonds in the matrix, as well as the contact surfaces of the matrix sectors in relation to the total area of the contact surfaces of incisors in the sector, which leads to the reduction of destructive ability of the drilling crown and lowering the mechanical drilling speed.
The basis of the invention is the task of such improvements drilling crowns, which due to the choice of the proposed angle cutters, select a certain size of the diamonds in the matrix and cutters, as well as the area of contact surface of the sector in relation to the total area of the contact surfaces of incisors in the sector is the ability to create prefracture zone throughout the period of operation of the tool, thus avoiding the prizhogi matrix and provides the most efficient removal of cuttings from the area of development and, consequently, enhances the destructive ability of the drilling crown with a simultaneous increase in the mechanical drilling speed.
The problem is solved due to the fact that in the drill crown, comprising a housing with a diamond matrix, separated by washing the slots on the sectors, reinforced obliquely mounted to the casing and exposed with regard to him cylindrical cutters from synthetic diamonds, according to the invention the cylindrical cutters are inclined to the end face of the matrix so about the time, that diagonal plane passing through the diametrically opposite points of the ends of the cylinder cutter and divides it in half, coincides with the end plane of the matrix, the optimal this is when the size of the diamonds in the matrix is 0,07 0,14...the diameter of the cutter; and the contact surface area of the sector matrix 1.8...2.4 times larger than the total area of the contact surface of incisors in the sector.
The causal link between the proposed set of features and achievable when implementing technical effects is as follows.
In the process of drilling cutters, bent over the diamond matrix, creating drilled in the solid rocks of the prefracture zone, and the diamond matrix, working on prednaznachennoi breed, complete the destruction process. Particles of destroyed rock then with washing fluid brought to the surface of the well. Prednaznachenie breed must accompany the drilling process throughout the period of operation of the tool. It is fully possible when the diagonal plane of the cutters through their mutually opposite ends, coincides with the end plane of the matrix. If the base of the cylindrical cutter from the incident part will be above the surface of the matrix, the space between the substrate and the surface of the matrix bude order to accumulate sludge, advanced wear-intensive matrix. The base-side down part of the cylindrical cutter should be in the body of the matrix so that at the point it was in the face planes of the matrix. If this is the base of the cylindrical cutter will be projecting above the surface of the matrix, in the space of the cascading part of the cutter will accumulate sludge, advanced wear-intensive matrix. Maximum destructive capacity of the drilling crowns will be provided when the interaction with the breed will be serving all over the surface of the matrix part of the cylindrical cutter.
If the size of the diamonds in the matrix will be less than 0.07 diameter of the cutter, the diamond matrix will not be able to complete the process of destruction of the breed, as it is not able to break down large particles of sludge formed after incisors, and they, in turn, will not take place in the small gap between the diamond and the matrix. Intact particles of sludge will accumulate in the bottom space, optionally, any matrix. This increases the power required for the destruction of the breed, and may Prigov matrix. If the size of the diamonds in the matrix will be more than 0.14 diameter of the cutter, the particles of the sludge will be significantly less than the gap between the diamond and the matrix and will be fully vinosity the liquid, that is not enough for normal wear of the matrix and the exposure of the diamond matrix. The crown in such conditions it will be ineffective. The optimum ratio of 0.07 to 0.14. The breed under the cutter is formed of sufficient prefracture zone. Sludge small sizes under side of the matrix is a small number that facilitates the work of the diamond matrix. They eventually destroy prednaznachennuyu breed without additional effort and increase the power.
As is known, depending on the physico-mechanical properties of rocks width of the furrow destruction it exceeds the width of the embedded portion of the cutter up to 2 times. If the excess area of contact surface sector of the matrix over the total area of the contact surfaces of incisors in the sector will be less than 1.8 times, in the process of drilling on hole after passing the cutters will remain the pillars intact rocks and diamonds matrix layer will be forced to perform additional work on prednaznacheniyu breed and then destruction. This requires additional power losses and reduces the speed of drilling. If the excess area of contact surface sector of the matrix over the total area of the contact surfaces of incisors in the sector will be more than 2.4 times, in the process of drilling cutters came in contacted with breed first will create a developed prefracture zone. Cutters, going after them, will be held again on already prednaznachennoi area and grind the particles of sludge. In this case, the energy costs of the destruction of the breed incisors will grow at the expense of their participation in the grinding sludge prednaznachennoi breed. In turn, additional sludge accumulating in the gap between the diamond and the matrix can also lead to prajogo crowns. When larger contact surface sector of the matrix over the total area of the contact surfaces of incisors in the sector 1.8...2.4 times observed optimal process of destruction of rocks by the crown.
In the drawings illustrated the proposed drilling crown: figure 1 shows the view from the working end, figure 2 - cross section A-a in figure 1 (rotated) in a larger scale.
Drilling crown includes a housing 1 with diamond matrix 2 separated flushing grooves 3 sectors, reinforced obliquely mounted to the casing 1 and projecting with regard to him cylindrical cutters 4 of synthetic diamonds, cylindrical cutters 4 is angled to the end of matrix 2 so that the diagonal plane passing through diametrically opposite points of the ends of the cylinder cutter and divides it in half, coincides with the end plane of the matrix 2, the size and the MAZ d 1in the matrix 2 is 0,07 0,14...diameter d2cutter 4 and the contact surface area of a sector of the matrix 2 1.8...2.4 times larger than the total area of the contact surface of incisors 4 in the sector.
The proposed drilling crown works as follows. When drilling thrust and torque are transmitted to the sectors of the diamond matrix 2 crowns. The cylindrical cutters 4, protruding above diamond matrix 2, participate in prednaznachenii breed, creating a network of macro-and microcracks, and the diamond matrix 2 complete destruction of the breed. Prednaznachenie breed accompanies the process of drilling throughout the period of operation of the tool. The optimal selection of the size of the diamonds in the matrix 2 in relation to the diameter of the cutters 4 and the ratio of the surface area of contact sector matrix 2 to the total area of the contact surfaces of the cutters 4 particles of destroyed rock with mud brought to the surface of the well. At the same time excluded the appearance of additional sludge that may accumulate in the gap between the diamond and the matrix 2, and hence the possibility of prizhogi crowns.
1. Drilling crown, comprising a housing with a diamond matrix, separated by washing the slots on the sectors, reinforced obliquely mounted to the casing and protruding relative activities is but him cylindrical cutters from synthetic diamonds, characterized in that the cylindrical cutters are inclined to the end face of the matrix so that the diagonal plane passing through diametrically opposite points of the ends of the cylinder cutter and divides it in half, coincides with the end plane of the matrix.
2. Crown according to claim 1, characterized in that the size of the diamonds in the matrix is 0,07 0,14...the diameter of the cutter.
3. Crown according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact surface area of the sector matrix 1.8...2.4 times larger than the total area of the contact surface of incisors in the sector.