Microwave oscillator

IPC classes for russian patent Microwave oscillator (RU 2284608):

H01J25/50 - Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field (with travelling wave not moving completely around the electron space H01J0025420000; functioning with plural reflection or with reversed cyclotron action H01J0025620000, H01J0025640000)

Another patents in same IPC classes:

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Microwave oscillator / 2284608
Proposed oscillator has magnetron incorporating main cathode in interaction space and auxiliary thermionic cathode insulated from main one. Inserted between main and auxiliary cathodes is resistor which is connected in parallel with diode. Such connection of diode in parallel with cathode makes it possible to enhance current in direction of injection in interaction space and to set magnetron in working mode. Diode is rated at current injected in magnetron interaction space sufficient for its triggering.

Magnetron / 2334301
Magnetron contains vacuum chamber located in system of axial magnetic field. In vacuum chamber below cutoff waveguide, connected to internal power supply, diode, containing of cathode and anode with resonators in the shape of groove, output tool of microwave radiation are located. Resonators grooves of anode are implemented lengthwise of helical line variable-pitched, increasing from below cutoff waveguide into side of output tool of radiation.

Relativistic magnetron with external channels of resonators communication / 2337426
Invention is related to the field of relativistic high-frequency electronics and may be used for generation of intense microwave radiation. Relativistic magnetron with external channels of resonators communication has explosion-emission cathode (3), anode unit (1) with N resonators, cylindrical drift tunnel, magnet system (4) in the form of Helmholtz pair and wave-conductor power outlets (2) with number of n=2m, ... N, where m=1, 2, ... N/2 - integer number. Wave-conductor power outlets (2) of oppositely installed resonators are connected by means of m wave-conductor channels (5, 8) of rectangular section with length multiple of (2q+1)λ/2 for relativistic magnetron with number of resonators that satisfy the following condition: N/2 - even number, with length multiple of λq for relativistic magnetron that meets the following requirement: N/2- odd number, where q - positive integer number. In wave-conductor channels (5, 8) communication slots are provided with length) λ/2 for microwave emission outlet. Communication slots (6, 9) with number 2k are installed on wide wall of wave-conductor channel at the distance of λ/2 between each other, and one communication slot (7, 10) is installed on narrow wall of wave-conductor channel. For relativistic magnetron with number of resonators that satisfy the following condition: N/2 - even number, axes of communication slots (6) on wide wall of wave-conductor channel (5) are installed at the distance of pλ/2+λ/4 from channel axis alternately on different sides from middle line of wall, and communication slot (7) on narrow wall of wave-conductor channel (5) is installed on channel axis. For relativistic magnetron with number of resonators that meet the following requirement: N/2 - odd number, axes of communication slots (9) on wide wall of wave-conductor channel (8) are located at the distance of pλ/2 from axis of channel alternately on different sides from middle line of wall, and communication slot (10) on narrow wall of wave-conductor channel (8) is installed at the distance of pλ/4 from channel axis (p=0, ±1, ±2, ... ±k - integer number, λ - length of radiation wave of relativistic magnetron in wave-conductor channel).

Magnetron with regulated power / 2357318
Present invention relates to electronic devices. The cathode of a magnetron is divided into electrical or thermal sections of arbitrary shape, size or location, connected to voltage proportional to the required power. According to this method, the filament-type cathode of the magnetron is made from a ring with a slit. Filament voltage is applied at the ends of the ring, depending on the power output from the electron-emitting layer deposited on the filament.

Magnetron / 2504041
Magnetron has the first set of blades 20, which are connected by outputs 52 with a coaxial output device 51 of communication, and the second set of blades 19, which (in one version) alternate with blades of the first set and are not connected with the output communication device. Blades of each set are retained, for instance, by bracing rings, which may be distributed along the length of the anode under one potential relative to each other, and polarity of one set of blades is opposite to polarity of the other set. An additional capacitance link is introduced by means of axial extenders 19a at the ends of the set of blades 19, which are not connected with the output communication device, and by selecting the size the cathode is substantially disconnected from the output communication device due to the opposite polarity of two sets of blades.

Magnetron having triggering emitters at end shields of cathode assemblies / 2528982
Invention relates to electronic engineering and is intended for use in high- and ultra high-power magnetrons in the centimetre, millimetre and sub-millimetre wavelength range. The result is achieved through structural division of the cathode assembly of the magnetron into two functional parts: the magnetron is triggered by electronic emission (thermionic or field) from end shields, and the operating mode of the magnetron is provided by a main secondary-emission cathode located in the electromagnetic field interaction space. The end shields are structurally made from a set of discs, one of which, which is the triggering emitter, is made of emission-active material (oxides or alloys). The triggering emitter is placed between two discs made of heat-resistant material, one of which shields the electron stream in the interaction space of the magnetron, and the second separates the triggering emitter from the main secondary-emission cathode, thereby preventing interaction of components contained therein. In a magnetron with instant triggering, the triggering emitter consists of a combination of field-emission cathodes and activators. The activators, made of active metals or compounds, are sources of activating substances which, when adsorbed on the surface of the field-emission cathodes, increase emission capacity thereof. The emission-active materials contain barium, calcium, yttrium, thorium and lanthanum oxides or alloys of platinum or palladium with barium or iridium with lanthanum or cerium, osmium with lanthanum etc.

FIELD: microwave oscillators.

SUBSTANCE: proposed oscillator has magnetron incorporating main cathode in interaction space and auxiliary thermionic cathode insulated from main one. Inserted between main and auxiliary cathodes is resistor which is connected in parallel with diode. Such connection of diode in parallel with cathode makes it possible to enhance current in direction of injection in interaction space and to set magnetron in working mode. Diode is rated at current injected in magnetron interaction space sufficient for its triggering.

EFFECT: enhanced service life of microwave oscillator.

1 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl

The present invention relates to the field of generating a microwave oscillations using magnetrons, in particular powerful magnetrons continuous with the main cathode, located in the interaction space of the magnetron, and insulated from it thermionic cathode made of the interaction space.

Known magnetron-configurable voltage (1)having a resonator system, forming a space of interaction, and two cathode - main cathode, located in the interaction space, and an auxiliary thermionic cathode made of the interaction space. The main cathode is connected to the auxiliary cathode inside the device, the electron flow is injected into the interaction space through the use of the control electrode or without electrode due to the axial components of the electric and magnetic fields. The supply of these magnetrons are two sources either one (in the absence of the control electrode). When these magnetrons the filament voltage of the auxiliary cathode is not disabled.

The disadvantage of these magnetrons is to limit the output power (no more than 100-500 watts).

Known magnetron continuous action (the closest analogue to the proposed solution) M-146, (23) with an output of 10,000 watts, having cooled resonator system, forming a space of interaction, and two cathode - cooled main cathode, located in the interaction space, an auxiliary thermionic cathode, isolated from the main cathode. The electron flow is injected into the interaction space of the auxiliary cathode. Generating a magnetron is due to the inverse bombing these primary electrons of the cathode. After the introduction of the magnetron in the working mode, the filament voltage of the auxiliary cathode is turned off. The magnetron is powered by back bombardment, using secondary emission and thermal emission properties of the cathode. The power of such a magnetron is a single high voltage power supply (rectifier). Figure 1 presents the scheme of such a generator, where VL is the magnetron, the main cathode of the magnetron 1 is connected with the auxiliary cathode of the magnetron 2 through the ammeter RA₂the power of the magnetron is made from one rectifier U, the supply of auxiliary heat is produced from the power source of the glow. The anode current of the magnetron is measured by the ammeter RA₂. With the introduction of the magnetron is in operation, during the operation of the auxiliary cathode in the circuit connecting the cathodes, you receive a current that is recorded by the ammeter placed in the circuit. This current, in entirely auxiliary cathode in the interaction space of the magnetron. After turning off the voltage intensity of the auxiliary cathode, the magnitude of this current is reduced and the direction of the current reverses. This current flowing from the interaction space to the auxiliary cathode. The magnitude of this current is 10-20% of the value of the anode current.

The disadvantage of this generator is the presence of current flowing to the auxiliary cathode of the magnetron is switched off when the filament voltage of the cathode, which can lead to damage during operation of the magnetron, which in turn leads eventually to limit the longevity of the generator.

Features free of the above disadvantages, the design of the generator, consisting of a powerful magnetron continuous with the main cathode in the interaction space and isolated from him auxiliary thermionic cathode made of the interaction space, and a rectifier.

Difference generator that main cathode is connected with the auxiliary through the resistor, which is connected in parallel to the diode.

Scheme of the proposed generator in figure 2, where VL is the magnetron, the main cathode 1 is connected with the auxiliary cathode 2 through a resistor R and connected in parallel to the resistor diode VD. The rectifier U is connected to the main cathode 1. The filament voltage of the auxiliary cathode Khujand is realized from a voltage source of heat. Ammeter PA₁the measured current between the main and auxiliary cathodes, ammeter RA₂measured anode current of the magnetron. Introduction one of the resistor leads to decrease the amount of current injected into the interaction space of the magnetron, and the current in the circuit connecting both of the cathode, which leads to the impossibility of running magnetron operating mode due to insufficient amount of current injected into the interaction space of the magnetron. The inclusion of a diode in parallel with the resistor makes it possible to increase the current in the direction of the injection box in the interaction space of the magnetron and enter the magnetron in the operating mode, as evidenced by the appearance of anode current and output power. Then turn off the filament voltage of the auxiliary cathode, and the electron flow, drifting from the interaction space to the side of the auxiliary cathode, will be greatly reduced because of a change in potential of the auxiliary cathode, as his chain would act resistor. By selecting the resistance values of the resistor can reduce the current to zero. The diode must be rated for the amount of current injected into the interaction space of the magnetron enough to run it.

The proposed scheme was verified by testing the first magnetron continuous output power of 50 kW. The tests were carried out at different anode current of the magnetron (3 to 5), the resistance value of the resistor was changed from 0 to 11.5 ohms. In the scheme were applied 4 diode CCE connected in parallel. The results are given in the table.

Table 1
	The current in the circuit of the main and auxiliary cathodes And
Anode current, And Resistor, ohms	3	4	5
0	0,3	0,3	0,25
1,83	0,0775	0,065	0,046
4,1	being 0.036	0,035	0,025
11,5	0,017	0,013	0,01

The generator of microwave oscillations, consisting of a magnetron continuous with the main cathode, located in the interaction space of the magnetron, and an auxiliary thermionic cathode made of the interaction space and a rectifier connected to the main cathode, wherein the main cathode is connected with the auxiliary through the resistor, which is connected in parallel to the diode.