Method of and device for combined radio communication and radio navigation for use in railway transport

FIELD: railway signaling and communication.

SUBSTANCE: proposed group of inventions is designed for determining parameters of running train directly at dispatcher station. Said dispatcher station contains PR sequence generator, high-frequency generator, phase keyer, two oscillators, two mixers, first intermediate frequency amplifier, two power amplifiers, transmit and receive antennas, second intermediate frequency amplifier, multiplier, band-pass filter, phase detector, two buffer storage units, correlation processing unit, registration and analyzing unit. Locomotive on-board equipment includes receive and transmit antennas, receiver, change-over switch and transmitter. Parameters of running train are determined using complex signals with phase-shift keying for which correlation processing, transmission and reception at two frequencies are provided.

EFFECT: improved noise resistance and provision of accurate determination of parameters of running train.

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The proposed method and apparatus relates to the field of railway automatics, telemechanics, communication, and may be used to determine the motion parameters of a train directly to the control point.

Known separation methods and devices of radio communication and navigation, including satellite (ed. mon. The USSR №1267257; RF patents №№2049693, 2108252; Petrovich N.T. Space Radiocommunication. M: Owls. radio, 1977, Churov H.E. Satellite navigation system. M: Owls. radio, 1977 and others).

Of the known methods and devices closest to the offer are "Method combined Radiocommunication and radionavigation and device for its realization, for railway transport" (patent RF №2108252, 61 L 25/02, 1996), which is selected as prototypes.

These technical solutions based on the use of duplex radio communication method. The main advantage of full-duplex radio communication method is that it excludes the length of the signal. Therefore, its accuracy depends mainly on the parameters of the repeater to be installed on Board the locomotive, the type of signal used and the technique of measurement of time intervals.

In the known method and device uses a simple signals emitted and received at the same frequency and for the auto-detect option is in the train as a meter, you must use the controller, solving a system of two equations: the circle and the approximating line of highway, which is associated with significant errors and low immunity.

An object of the invention is to increase the noise immunity and accuracy of definition of parameters of movement of a train through the use of complex signals with phase shift keying, their correlation processing, send and receive on two frequencies.

The problem is solved because, according to the method of combined radio communication and navigation, namely, that between the control station and the locomotive on full-duplex radio communication to transmit messages in the pauses between messages in the dispatch transmitter serves a request navigation video pulse signal, modulate this signal high frequency oscillation dispatch transmitter to emit a modulated signal in the direction of the locomotive, and take demodulator his locomotive receiver, the received signal is served in the locomotive transmitter modulate this signal high frequency oscillation locomotive transmitter to emit a modulated signal in the direction of the control point, and take demodulator his control receiver, fixed delay response video pulse navigation signal relative to the request received by the delay in the proportional value determines the range of the locomotive from the control tower, which is the coordinate of the locomotive on the railway, and differentiating this coordinate, find the speed of the train, is used as a request navigation video pulse signal is a pseudorandom sequence after modulation this sequence of high-frequency oscillations dispatch transmitter on frequency ω_cconvert it to the frequency with frequency ω_G1the first lo distinguish photomanipulate signal of the first intermediate frequency ω_PR1=ω_with+ω_G1strengthen his power and radiate at the frequency ω₁=ω_PR1in the direction of the locomotive, radiate in the direction of the control point photomanipulating signal at the frequency ω₂=ω_G1after his admission convert the frequency using the frequency ω_T2=ω₁the second lo distinguish photomanipulating signal of the second intermediate frequency ω_AC2=ω_T2-ω₂=ω_with, Peremohy it with the voltage of the second local oscillator, allocate photomanipulating signal at the frequency ω_G1=ω₂the first lo demodulateur it using a voltage of the first local oscillator, allocate return a pseudo-random sequence, challenge and otechnology sequence is subjected to correlation processing.

The problem is solved in that the device combined Radiocommunication and radionavigation, with the CWP and the locomotive transceivers, while in the control office to the transmitter input connected to one of the outputs of videograbadora, the other end of which is connected to the first input of the meter range and speed of the locomotive, the second input of the above-mentioned meter connected to the output of the receiver and on the locomotive receiver output is connected to the transmitter input through the switch, ideageneration made in the form of a pseudorandom sequence generator, the transmitter control point made in the form of sequentially connected to the first output of a pseudorandom sequence generator phase manipulator, a second input connected to the output generator high frequency, a first mixer, a second input connected to the output of the first local oscillator, amplifier first intermediate frequency, a first power amplifier and transmitting antenna, the receiver of the control point is made in the form of series-connected receiving antenna, a second amplifier, a second mixer, a second input connected to the output of the second local oscillator, the amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, multiplier, a second input connected to the output of the second hetero is in, bandpass filter and a phase detector, a second input connected to the output of the first local oscillator, measuring the distance and speed of the locomotive made in the form of sequentially connected to the second output of the pseudo-random sequence generator of the first buffer storage unit and the correlation processing unit, the second input is via a second buffer memory unit connected to the output of the phase detector, and unit registration and analysis.

The structural scheme of the device that implements the proposed method is presented in figure 1. Possible waveform on the screen of cathode ray indicator shown in figure 2. Timing diagrams explaining the essence of the proposed method and device are depicted in figure 4. Frequency chart illustrating conversion of signals in terms of frequency, shown in figure 3.

The device comprises a control station 1 and the engine 10. Control point 1 contains serially connected to the first output of the generator 2 pseudo-random sequence of phase manipulator 4, a second input connected to the output of the generator 3 high frequency, the first mixer 6, a second input connected to the output of the first local oscillator 5, the amplifier 7, the first intermediate frequency, a first amplifier 8 power and transmitting antenna 9, sequentially enabled when is MOU antenna 16, the second amplifier 17 power, a second mixer 19, a second input connected to the output of the second local oscillator 18, amplifier 20 of the second intermediate frequency, the multiplier 21, a second input connected to the output of the local oscillator 18, the bandpass filter 22, a phase detector 23, a second input connected to the output of the local oscillator 5, the second buffer storage unit 25, block 26 correlation processing, the second input is through the first buffer memory unit 24 is connected to the second output of the generator 2 pseudo-random sequence, and the block 27 registration and analysis.

Generator 3 high frequency, the phase manipulator 4, the local oscillator 5, a mixer 6, the amplifier 7, the first intermediate frequency amplifier 8 power and transmitting antenna 9 form the transmitter control point.

Receiving antenna 16, an amplifier 17 power, the local oscillator 18, a mixer 19, the amplifier 20 of the second intermediate frequency, the multiplier 21, the band-pass voltr 22 and the phase detector 23 form the receiver of the control point.

A buffer memory blocks 24 and 25, block 26 correlation processing unit 27 of the recording and analysis of form measuring the distance to a locomotive and its speed.

On-Board equipment of the locomotive 10 includes a cascaded receiving antenna 11, a receiver 12, a switch 13, a transmitter 14 and the transmitting antenna 15.

The mouth of eusto, implementing the proposed method works as follows.

On the control center 1 from the generator 2 pseudo-random sequence is entered modulating code M(t) (figure 4, b) in the transmitter in periods of time when no messages are sent. This code is supplied to the first input of the phase manipulator 4, to the second input of which is applied a high-frequency oscillation output from the generator 3 (figure 4, a)

U_c(t)=υ_with*Cos(ω_ct+ϕ_c), 0≤t≤T_c,

where υ_cthat ω_cthat ϕ_c, T_c- amplitude, carrier frequency, initial phase, and the duration of high-frequency vibrations.

The output of the phase manipulator 4 is formed a complex signal with phase shift keying (QPSK) (figure 4, C)

U₁(t)=υ_c*Cos[ω_ct+ϕ_k(t)+ϕ_c], 0≤t≤T_c,

where ϕ_k(t)={0,π} - manipulated component phases, reflecting the law of phase manipulation in accordance with the modulating code M(t) (figure 4, b), and ω_k(t)=Const k*τ_e<t<(K+1)*τ_Eand may change abruptly at t=k*τ_Ei.e. at the boundaries between elementary parcels (k=1, 2,...,N-1);

τ_eN - the length and number of basic assumptions which form the signal duration T_with(T_with=N*τ_e),

which postopia is at the first input of the mixer 6, to the second input of which is applied the voltage of the local oscillator 5

U_G1(t)=υ_G1*Cos(ω_G1t+ϕ_G1).

At the output of the mixer 6 are formed voltage Raman frequencies. The amplifier 7 is allocated to the first intermediate voltage (total) frequency (figure 4, g)

U_PR1(t)=υ_PR1*Cos[ω_PR1t+ϕ_k(t)+ϕ_PR1], 0≤t≤T_with,

where υ_PR1=K₁*υ_c*υ_G1;

K₁the gain of the mixer;

ω_PR1=ω_with+ω_G1the first intermediate frequency (figure 3);

ϕ_PR1=ϕ_with+ϕ_G1.

This voltage represents a QPSK signal at the first intermediate frequency ω_PR1and after amplification in the amplifier 8 power radiated by the transmitting antenna 9 in the direction of the locomotive 10, where it takes the receiver 12. In the navigation mode measurements, such as Supervisory control switch 13 on Board the locomotive is closed, resulting in a modulation code M(t) is supplied to the locomotive transmitter 14 and after modulation at high frequency radiated by the transmitting antenna 15 in the direction of the control point 1 frequency ω₂=ω_G1(figure 3).

Receiving antenna 16 of the control point is received QPSK signal (figure 4, d)

U₂(t)=υ₂*Cos[ω₂(t-τ)+ϕ_k(t-τ)+ϕ₂], 0≤t≤T_c,

through the amplifier 17 power is supplied to the first input of the mixer 19, the second input of which is applied the voltage of the local oscillator 18

U_T2(t)=υ_T2*Cos(ω_T2t+ϕ_T2).

At the output of mixer 19 are formed voltage Raman frequencies. Amplifier 20 is allocated to the second intermediate voltage (differential) frequency (figure 4, e)

U_AC2(t)=υ_AC2*Cos[ω_AC2(t-τ)+ϕ_k(t-τ)+ϕ_AC2], 0≤t≤T_c,

where υ_AC2=K₁*υ₂*υ_T2;

ω_AC2=ω_T2-ω₂the second intermediate frequency;

ϕ_AC2=ϕ_T2-ϕ₂.

This voltage represents a QPSK signal at the second intermediate frequency and is supplied to the first input of the multiplier 21, the second input of which a voltage U_T2(t) of the second local oscillator 18. At the output of the multiplier 21 is formed voltage (figure 4, g)

U₃(t)=υ₃*Cos[ω₂t-ϕ_k(t-τ)+ϕ₂+ϕ₀], 0≤t≤T_c,

where υ₃=K₂*υ_AC2*υ_T2;

K₂- transfer coefficient multiplier;

9 ₂=ω_G1,

which is a QPSK signal at the frequency ω_G1the first local oscillator 5. This voltage is fed to the first input of phase detector 23, to the second input of which a voltage U_G1(t) of the first local oscillator 5. The output of the phase detector is formed of a low-frequency voltage (figure 4, C)

U_n(t)=υ_n*Cos[ϕ_k(t-τ)+ϕ₀], 0≤t≤T_c,

where υ₃=K₃*υ₃*υ_G1;

K₂- gain of the phase detector,

which is the analog modulation code M(t) (figure 4, b), a detainee at the time τ.

Modulating the code M(t) (figure 4, b) and its analogue U_n(t) (figure 4, C) are stored in the buffer blocks 24 and 25, respectively, and then fed to the two inputs of the block 26 correlation processing, which is determined by the delay time τ relayed by the transceiver locomotive response signal and the corresponding frequency interference F, which determines the derivative of this delay

where

The measured values τ andenter in block 27 of the Desk and analysis.

If to measure the distance from the control point to the locomotive and speed on the last used electron-beam indicator pie or pie review because of the delay relayed by the transceiver locomotive response signal at the time τ on the screen, this indicator is plotted on a deployable beam arc (figure 2), the radius of which is at a certain scale shows the distance from the control point to the locomotive equal to

d=c*τ/2,

where C is the speed of propagation of radio waves.

If on the screen to put in the same scale line of highway, of which the train travels, the intersection of this line with the above arc will give the coordinate of the train and its speed can be defined as the difference between its two coordinates per unit time.

To automate the determination of motion parameters of the train as a meter you can use the controller that solves the system of two equations: the circumference and aproximarse line line:

where (x, y) - coordinates of the trains;

(x₀, y₀) - coordinates of the control point (the center circle);

t - the current time.

If there is a line intermediate relay, such as a satellite, is determined by the distance between the locomotive. In this case, it is also necessary to solve the system of two equations, similar to the previous one, but the first of these equations in three-dimensional space should be the equation of a sphere:

Soon the e train (locomotive) is determined by differentiation of the controller of the current coordinates of the locomotive.

Thus, the proposed method and the device in comparison with prototypes provide increased robustness and accuracy of definition of parameters of motion of the train. This is achieved through the use of complex signals with phase shift keying, their correlation processing, send and receive on two frequencies.

Complex signals with phase shift keying possess high energy and structural secrecy. Energy reserve data signals due to their high compressibility in time and range at the optimum processing, thereby reducing the instantaneous radiated power. Due to this complex QPSK signal at the point of reception may be masked by noise and interference. And energy complex QPSK signal is not small, it just spread across the time-frequency region so that at each point of this region is the signal power is less than the noise power and interference.

Structural secrecy FMN complex signals due to the large variety of their forms and significant ranges of parameter changes, which complicates the optimal or at least quasi-optimal processing complex QPSK signals priori unknown structure in order to increase the sensitivity of the receiver.

These signals allow you to apply a new type selection - structural selection.

Psav sluchainye sequences have the correlation function, having good properties: it has one main lobe, of considerable size, and low level of side lobes. This allows high-precision measurement of the time delay τand, consequently, the distance from the control point to the locomotive.

1. The method combined Radiocommunication and radionavigation, namely, that between the control station and the locomotive on full-duplex radio communication to transmit messages in the pauses between messages in the dispatch transmitter serves a request navigation video pulse signal, modulate this signal high frequency oscillation dispatch transmitter to emit a modulated signal in the direction of the locomotive, and take demodulator his locomotive receiver, the received signal is served in the locomotive transmitter modulate this signal high frequency oscillation locomotive transmitter to emit a modulated signal in the direction of the control point, and take demodulator his control receiver, fixed delay response navigation video pulse signal relative to the query, the resulting delay in the proportional value determines the range of the locomotive from the control tower, which is the coordinate of the locomotive on the railway and, differentiating this coordinate, find the speed of the train, characterized in that is used as a request navigation video pulse signal is a pseudorandom sequence after modulation this sequence of high-frequency oscillations dispatch transmitter on frequency ω_withconvert it to the frequency with frequency ω_G1the first lo distinguish photomanipulating signal of the first intermediate frequency ω_PR1=ω_c+ω_G1strengthen his power and radiate at the frequency ω₁=ω_PR1in the direction of the locomotive, radiate in the direction of the control point photomanipulating signal at the frequency ω₂=ω_G1after his admission convert the frequency using the frequency ω_T2=ω₁the second lo distinguish photomanipulating signal of the second intermediate frequency ω_AC2=ω_T2-ω₂=ω_with, Peremohy it with the voltage of the second local oscillator, allocate photomanipulating signal at the frequency of the first lo ω_G1=ω₂, demodulateur it using a voltage of the first local oscillator, allocate return a pseudo-random sequence of query and return a pseudo-random sequence was subjected to the Ute correlation processing.

2. The device combined Radiocommunication and radionavigation, with the CWP and the locomotive transceivers, while in the control office to the transmitter input connected to one of the outputs ideageneration, the other end of which is connected to the first input of the meter range and speed of the locomotive, the second input of the above-mentioned meter connected to the output of the receiver and on the locomotive receiver output is connected to the transmitter input through the switch, characterized in that ideageneration made in the form of a pseudorandom sequence generator, the transmitter control point made in the form of sequentially connected to the first output of a pseudorandom sequence generator phase manipulator, a second input connected to the output of the high-frequency generator the first mixer, a second input connected to the output of the first local oscillator, amplifier first intermediate frequency, a first power amplifier and transmitting antenna, the receiver of the control point is made in the form of series-connected receiving antenna, a second amplifier, a second mixer, a second input connected to the output of the second local oscillator, the amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, multiplier, a second input connected to the output of the second local oscillator, a bandpass is ultra and phase detector, a second input connected to the output of the first local oscillator, measuring the distance and speed of the locomotive made in the form of sequentially connected to the second output of the pseudo-random sequence generator of the first buffer storage unit, the correlation processing unit, the second input is via a second buffer memory unit connected to the output of the phase detector, and unit registration and analysis.