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Method for cut-and-cover mineral field development

IPC classes for russian patent Method for cut-and-cover mineral field development (RU 2265722):

E21C41 - Methods of mining or quarrying; Open-pit mining; Layouts therefor

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Method includes partial filling of extracted space of side and central mains by filling stripes from lava extracting shafts. At center of semi-lava on the side of massive, wherein next extractive column will be cut, filling shaft is additionally driven, wherefrom full filling of space between central fill stripe and fill stripe on the side of massive is performed. Preparation of next extraction column is performed under protection of erected fill stripes.

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Method includes erection of rows of main platforms along bed length in staggered order with length equal or divisible by step value for support displacement, and placing filling material thereon. Along length of main platforms between ceiling and bed soil post support is mounted, upon which filling material is fed. After that between main platforms additional platforms are erected with wedge supporting, and main platforms are rotated counter-clockwise towards pneumatic support and it is displaced for one drive step. During that filling material, while lowering, unwedges wedge support between ceiling and bed soil and forms artificial supports. After that additional platforms are rotated counter-clockwise towards pneumatic support. After movement of cleaning face for two drive steps operations for constructing artificial supports are repeated. Distance between main platforms along bed fall line are selected from mathematical expression.

Method for open extraction of steep-falling deposits with internal dump-forming / 2246620
Method includes dividing quarry on rows, of which first one is extracted to planned depth with external dump-forming, and extraction of following rows is performed with use of internal dump-forming, placing dug rocks to extracted space of adjacent row with common displacement of dump front with development of mining operations. Second and following rows of quarry are divided on basis of height on extraction levels, extraction of uppermost level is performed with placement of dug rocks in upper dump level of extracted space of adjacent row, using surface transporting communication lines, and during extraction of second extractive level dumping of dump level of inner dump is primarily performed by forming pioneer dump at longitudinal processed edge of quarry, on upper area of which transporting lines are placed and dumping of dump level is performed from there, with descent of mining operations in working area of extractive level profile of upper dump area is altered to provided necessary cargo communications of working horizons of extractive level to dump level, after extraction of extractive level remaining pioneer dump is dug to upper mark of following extractive level, and extraction of following extractive levels is performed analogically, using reformed upper area of pioneer dump.

FIELD: mining industry, particularly methods of underground or surface mining.

SUBSTANCE: method involves performing opencast mining; performing underground preparation and cutting workings; excavating mineral in breakage face; transporting the mineral to day surface in open pits; installing cutting-off support along pillar to be excavated in worked out space at day surface as breakage face moves forward; forming rubble band with waterproofing layer at day surface, wherein rubble band width B is determined as B≥5m, where m is mineral deposit thickness.

EFFECT: provision of efficient mine venting, prevention of flooding thereof with rain water.

2 dwg

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in open-pit and underground development of mineral deposits.

There is a method of combined mineral development, including the conduct of surface mining, underground preparatory and development workings, maintenance of sewage extraction [1].

The disadvantages of this method are the relationship between the production of open pit and underground mining and the large extent of the underground workings.

There is a method of coal extraction sloping fall with open mine workings by means of longwall mining, including the conduct of surface mining, underground preparatory and development workings, installation of mechanical complex and treatment excavation of minerals with the issuance of its directly on the surface in open pits [2] is a prototype.

The disadvantages of this method are the possibility of a sudden collapse of rock on mate stope open mountain development, large leakage of air through the waste space on the surface and lack of waterproofing waste of space.

The technical challenge was to develop a safe method of extraction of minerals, providing normal prover the of workings and prevent flooding of storm water.

The proposed method differs in that after podvigina stope at the exit to the surface in the used space stope establish organ lining along the top of the pillar, erected rubble strip with waterproof layer at the exit to the surface, and the width of the rubble strips In is determined from the expression≥5m, where m is the capacity of the reservoir of minerals.

Introduced in the formula of the invention, a significant sign that the exhaust space stope establish organ lining along the top of the pole allows you to create cutting the number of waste space and separate struck the rock of the roof from the rocks held rubble strip.

A significant sign that the exit to the surface in the used space erect quarry lane, ensures the safety of mining operations on the pair stope open mountain development, as rubble strip, holding the rock roof, eliminates the emergence of destructive stress.

Another significant feature that rubble strip erect with a waterproof layer at the surface, excludes admission to waste space storm water.

The next significant feature that the width of the rubble strips In is determined from the expressionࣙ 5m, where m is the capacity of the reservoir, allows you to create quarry lane, holding rocks of the roof at a sufficient distance from the surface.

The method is illustrated in the drawings, in which figure 1 is shown in the site plan mining operations during extraction post mineral, figure 2 - section a-a in figure 1.

Conventions on the drawings: 1 - underground preparatory output; 2 - extraction column; 3 - layer minerals; 4 - open excavation; 5 - powered system; 6 - waste space; 7 - organ support; 8 - quarry lane; 9 - waterproofing layer.

The method is as follows. After surface mining with surface underground pass preparatory development 1 and prepare for mining extraction column 2 along the strike of the formation of minerals 3. Another development, contouring pillar 2 is stopped, the open excavation 4. After installation of mechanized complex 5 proceed to sewage extraction. As extraction of minerals in the exhaust space 6 along the extraction column 2 punch organ lining 7 and erect quarry lane 8 with a waterproof layer 9 at the exit to the surface. The width of the rubble strips 8 In take of expression≥5m, where m is the capacity of the reservoir of minerals. After nekotoroh the waste mechanized complex 5 from the mounting chamber in the collapse of the roof rocks in the exhaust space 6, and lined with rubble strip 8 holds breed roof than create safe working conditions on the pair stope open mountain development 4. In addition, quarry lane 8 eliminates air loss through waste space 6, and a waterproofing layer 9 isolates underground tunnels from flooding their storm water.

The advantages of this method are:

security maintenance of underground mining operations;

- no loss of air through the waste space;

- protection of underground mines from flooding.

Sources of information

1. RF patent №2083830, CL E 21 41/00, 1997

2. The report IGD them. Ass on the topic 0105, thesis: "Development of technology of coal extraction sloping fall with open mine workings by means of longwall mining with the use of mechanized complexes. A copy of the report ONIR, untic, M., 1982, p.36.

Method open-pit and underground development of mineral deposits, including the production of surface mining, underground preparatory and development workings, the excavation of minerals in a mining face and issuing it directly on the surface in open pits, characterized in that after podvigina stope at the exit to the surface in the used space ocist the th bottom set of organ lining along the top of the post, erect rubble strip with waterproof layer at the exit to the surface, and the width of the rubble strips In is determined from the expression≥5m, where m is the capacity of the reservoir of minerals.