Method for speeding up extraction of hydrocarbons and device for its realization

IPC classes for russian patent Method for speeding up extraction of hydrocarbons and device for its realization (RU 2256072):

E21B43/25 - Methods for stimulating production (dump bailers E21B0027020000; vibration generating arrangements E21B0028000000; chemical compositions therefor C09K0008600000)

Another patents in same IPC classes:

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Method for extraction of water-clogged oil deposit / 2255212
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Method and device for affecting beds, containing liquid substances / 2249685
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Method includes forming of gas pillow by forcing gas into inter-tubular space. Further pushing liquid is forced therein with forcing away of liquid from inter-tubular space along tubing column into tank or store, pressure is dropped from inter-tubular space down to atmospheric and hydro-impact is used to effect well face by rotating liquid flow from tubing column. Pillow is formed by plant for forcing pushing liquid and gases. As gas, mixture of air and exhaust gases is used in relation no greater than 2:3. pillow pressure provides for prevention of gas from getting into tubing column. Volume of pushing liquid is determined from formula: V_pl=0.785^.(d21

-d22

)^.(H_T-H_gp-H_i-t)^.10^-6, where d₁ - inner diameter of casing column, mm; d₂ - outer diameter of tubing pipes, mm; H_T - depth of lowering tubing column in well, m; H_gp - height of gas pillow in inter-tubular space, m; H_gp=K·P_gp; K - hydrostatic coefficient of resistance to pushing of liquid and gas (K=100 m/MPa), m/MPa; P_gp - end pressure of gas pillow, MPa; H_i-t - inter-tubular space height.

Method of treating bottom zone of injecting wells / 2244113
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Device for treating well walls within range of productive bed / 2244112
Device has pipe-like body with detachable upper and lower sleeves. Concentrically to body, with possible rotation relatively to it, a cover is mounted with blades with scrapers placed spirally on its surface. To lower sleeve a reactive end piece is connected with slit apertures. End piece hollow is filled with granulated material engaging in exothermal reaction with acid. Lower portion of end piece is provided with check valve. Upper sleeve is provided with check valve having locking element in form of sphere with shelf and centering elements, to be dropped from well mouth. Base of saddle of check valve is made in form of disc having diameter equal to diameter of body. Pass aperture of saddle in lower portion is overlapped with easily destructible and easily removed element. Length of sphere shelf is greater than height of pass aperture of saddle of check valve of upper sleeve.

-d22

Method for speeding up extraction of hydrocarbons and device for its realization / 2256072
Method includes pulse treatment of productive bed by energy of atmospheric electricity by using lightning discharge. Prior to initialization of storm discharge voltage of electric field above well is measured using measuring block. Initiation of storm discharge is performed when reaching value of strength of electric field above well no less than 30 kV/m and enough for forming leading channel of lightning. To exclude corona as receiver of electric energy metallic mast is used, on upper end of which metallic fragment of spherical form is positioned having smooth external surface, or smooth metallic wire is used with its possible raising towards storm cloud. Output of receiver is connected to casing column of well. Powerful electric discharge along casing column and through its perforated portion gets into area of productive bed and disperses there.

Production bed treatment method / 2258803
Method involves forming new cracks and/or stimulating existent ones in production bed by serially well flushing and performing periodical depressive and repressive actions along with flushing thereof at circulation or outflow stages; isolating interval to be treated with packer; cyclic changing pressure with following injecting working liquid, for instance oil and/or at least one plug of chemical agent, for example of hydrochloric acid. All above operations are performed along with oscillating action of radiator installed in front of production bed interval to be treated.

FIELD: oil industry.

SUBSTANCE: method includes pulse treatment of productive bed by energy of atmospheric electricity by using lightning discharge. Prior to initialization of storm discharge voltage of electric field above well is measured using measuring block. Initiation of storm discharge is performed when reaching value of strength of electric field above well no less than 30 kV/m and enough for forming leading channel of lightning. To exclude corona as receiver of electric energy metallic mast is used, on upper end of which metallic fragment of spherical form is positioned having smooth external surface, or smooth metallic wire is used with its possible raising towards storm cloud. Output of receiver is connected to casing column of well. Powerful electric discharge along casing column and through its perforated portion gets into area of productive bed and disperses there.

EFFECT: simplified method, simplified construction of device, higher product yield.

2 cl, 1 dwg

The invention relates to the field of oil and gas industry, in particular to a method and apparatus intensify when the downhole hydrocarbon production by electric stimulation on the reservoir.

Known methods of enhanced recovery of hydrocarbons using stimulation and on the bottom zone using mechanical vibrations, using hydrodynamic effects at the injection solutions of the active impurities, using electromagnetic fields (microwave radiation), using DC and AC electric fields, etc.

All these ways of influencing the collector or have limited use from the point of view of the geological structure and physical-chemical composition of the fluid field, little or available for use due to the complexity of the process equipment and the technology impact or undeliverable equipment because of the remoteness of the field.

There is a method of underground leaching, namely, that for the intensification of the process of leaching through the array passed an electrical DC or AC, or pulsed current (US, A, 4071278, CL 299/53, 1978).

The result of the electrochemical reactions induced by transmission through a medium containing clay, electric current, is the destruction of the clay particles, their removal and, consequently, increase the permeability of the environment. The use of a known method for increasing the permeability of the environment is the presence of a processed medium clay. This considerably limits the scope of application of the method and does not allow you to change the permeability of a wide class of reservoir rocks.

The technical nature closest to the proposed method is a method of intensification, which carry out a preliminary determination Geologorazvedka parameters of bottom-hole formation zone for the implementation of the optimal mode of pulses electrobraid the selection of the appropriate values of the pulse duration, current density per pulse, duty cycle pulse time and pulse processing, followed by pulse electrobraid in the prescribed mode (see RF patent №2208146, CL E 21 In 43/25 from 21.06.2002,).

Despite some advantages of this method, its use is characterized by relative complexity of operations and requires a powerful source of electrical energy located near the well. The need for a high voltage transmission line near the well significantly complicates the implementation of the known method.

The technical nature closest to the proposed device is the device to control the permeability of the bottom of the well, containing the means of the impact of pulse currents associated with the power supply voltage and controlled by the block generating control pulses, means job timing pulses, providing the selection of the desired mode of operation of the device, pulse duration and duty cycle, and the unit of measurement of the parameters of the current pulse in the load associated with the current sensor load circuit and means job timing pulse, and galvanic decoupling unit and the synchronization unit, and a means of job timing pulses connected via a galvanic decoupling unit with the processing unit control pulses, and a synchronization unit connected to the task tool timing pulses for synchronization with the source voltage (see mon. UM No. 26079, CL E 21 In 43/00 from 12.07.2002).

However, despite certain advantages of the known device, it is relatively complex and requires the use of powerful energy source, located near the well, which naturally complicates the technical implementation of the production of hydrocarbons.

The technical result is to simplify the method and device for intensification of hydrocarbons production of electric stimulation on the reservoir and increase uglevodosoderjati layers.

The technical result is achieved in that in the method of intensification of production of hydrocarbons, including the formation of electric energy for pulse effects on the producing formation, the electrical stimulation with the control of the electrical parameters, according to the invention the formation of electrical energy for pulse effects on the producing formation is carried out energy atmospheric electricity through the use of the lightning bolt, in addition, the use of energy atmospheric electricity when exposed to the reservoir begin with the initiation of lightning discharge, which is carried out at achieving the strength of the electric field above the bore size of at least 30 kV/m, and initiate a lightning discharge is carried out by the approaching storm cloud receiver electrical energy electrically connected with the casing of the well, as well as the initiation of the lightning discharge is carried out by ionizirovanie air in the upper part of the receiver electrical energy.

The technical result according to the second invention is achieved by a device for intensification of hydrocarbons contains the measurement unit and the receiver electrical energy atmospheric electricity, the output of which is electrically connected to the casing of the well, in addition, to initiate a lightning discharge receiver electrical energy atmospheric electricity is made in the form of a metal mast at the upper end of which is a metal element spherical shape with a smooth outer surface to prevent kronirovaniye,

and the lower end of a metal mast is the output of the receiver, and to initiate a lightning discharge receiver electrical energy is made in the form of a smooth metal wire, the lower end of which is the output of the receiver, and the upper end mechanically connected to the balloon, with the possibility of lifting the wire in a vertical position, in addition to initiate a lightning discharge receiver electrical energy is made in the form of a smooth metal wire, the lower end of which is the output of the receiver, and the upper end is mechanically connected with the body of a small rocket capable of lifting him on to his storm cloud to a height of not less than 300 m, and the measurement unit contains apparatus for remote measurement of electric field intensity and a device for measuring time and electrical characteristics of the lightning discharge, in addition, to initiate a lightning discharge additionally introduced the laser unit, the beam of which is directed in the upper area of the space above the metal element of the spherical shape of the receiver electrical energy, according to the invention the height of the metal mast is mainly equal to 30 m, and the metal element has a shape of spherical density with diameter not less than 20 cm, the invention consists in that the proposed device as described above greatly simplifies the process of intensification of production and allows a way for intensification of hydrocarbons production, which uses energy naturally electricity and eliminates the need to use high-voltage transmission of electricity.

Comparison of proposed method and device with the closest analogues suggests the criterion of “novelty”, and the lack of distinctive features in the analogues says under “inventive step”.

Preliminary tests allow to judge about the possibility of industrial use.

The drawing is a functional block diagram of the proposed device that implements the inventive method.

Method of enhanced recovery of hydrocarbons consists of the following operations.

First, carry out the formation of (obtaining) of electric power for pulse impact on the reservoir, which convert from the energy of atmospheric electricity.

For the effective implementation of the energy use of atmospheric electricity initiate a lightning discharge after reaching the electric field intensity above the bore size of at least 30 kV/m

Initiate a lightning discharge should be done by approaching the storm cloud of the receiver electrical energy, which is electrically connected to the casing of the well.

In addition, the initiation of lightning discharge can be achieved by ionization of the air in the upper part of the receiver electrical energy.

Device for intensification of hydrocarbons production contains unit 1 measurement and the receiver 2 electric energy of atmospheric electricity, the output of which is electrically connected to the casing metal casing 3 wells, which represents the pipe separated from rocks 4 cement layer 5. In the well system is 6 tubing (tubing), which produce lift fluids to the surface. Annular space 7 is filled with fluid.

To initiate a lightning discharge receiver 2 electric energy atmospheric electricity is made in the form of a metal mast 8, on the upper end of which is a metal element 9 spherical shape with a smooth outer surface to prevent kronirovaniye, and the lower end of a metal mast 8 is the output of the receiver 2.

To increase the probability of a lightning discharge in the mast 8 of the receiver 2 and initiate a lightning discharge receiver 2 electric energy may be in the form of a smooth metal wire 10, the lower end of which is the output of the receiver 2, and the upper end is mechanically connected to the balloon (in the drawing is missing), with the possibility of lifting the wire 10 in a vertical position, or with the case of a small rocket capable of lifting him on to his storm-cloud of 17 to a height of not less than 300 m

Unit 1 dimension must contain a device for remote measurement of electric field intensity and a device for measuring time and electrical characteristics of the lightning discharge (drawing available).

To initiate a lightning discharge can be additionally introduced the laser unit 12, the beam of which is directed in the upper region 13 of the space above the metal element 9 of the spherical shape of the receiver 2 electric energy.

It should be noted that the height of the metal mast 8 is primarily equal to 30 m, and the metal element 9 is mainly the shape of spherical density with diameter not less than 20 cm

Using telephoto optics laser beam from the unit 12 is focused near the top of the mast 8 above metal element 9 and produce ionized region of the air.

The energy formed a lightning discharge 14 through the metal mast 8, the casing 3 falls into the reservoir 16, which contributes to the perforated portion 15 of the casing 3.

The essence of the claimed method is to make an electrical charge, which carries a zipper, to spread in the reservoir 16. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the process of receiving or initiating lightning and the direction of energy lightning in the reservoir 16. In the claimed invention the energy of atmospheric electricity is carried out using a metal mast 8, the upper end of which terminates in a metal element 9 spherical shape with a smooth surface. To direct the energy from the lightning bolt in the reservoir 16 foster mast 8 is electrically connected with the casing 3 wells.

Lightning is a spark discharge, which are divided into two main phases: leader and main. During the top phase in the region of strong electric field between the cloud-land formed conductive plasma channel is the leader. At the stormy period in the upper part of the metal mast 8 is formed in a strong electric field in this region is strong ionization, converting neutral air in a well-conducting plasma. This so-called leader channel. Similarly leader channel is formed and side storm clouds 17. The meeting of the two leaders is the beginning of the main stage. Therefore, the upper part of the metal mast 8 is the initiator of the leader phase zipper due to the formation of ionized cord air. Energy main stage is the most powerful, and it is this phase of the lightning discharge plays a crucial role in influencing the reservoir 16.

Example.

The presented method can be implemented only in season Rosobrazovanie. To implement the method it is necessary to carry out the following works. Disconnect the transport system from the well. To mount the metal mast 8 minimum height of 30 m with a metal ball with a diameter of 20 cm at the upper end of the mast. The surface of the ball should be smooth. The mast must electrically connecting with the casing 3 wells and to install a device for measuring electric field intensity of atmospheric electricity.

To increase the probability of a lightning discharge in the mast 8 is a need to increase its height. For this you can use a thin metal wire 10, one end of which is electrically connected to the metal casing 3 wells, and the other end connected to a balloon filled with helium. During the ascent of the balloon up to the storm cloud 17 metal wire 10 rotates to a vertical position. Such a construction of the receiving mast 8 simplifies installation and allows you to raise it to a considerable height and, therefore, increase the probability of a lightning strike in the receiving mast 8.

To increase the likelihood of lightning in the mast 8 is necessary to make the initiation of lightning discharge. Such initiation may be effected in various ways.

In the first method, the initiation of lightning discharge is performed using small rockets 11, able to rise to a height of 300 m and to wear thin metal wire 10, the other end of which is electrically connected to the casing 3 wells directly or through the mast 8.

The second way to initiate is to use radiation of a pulsed laser 12, is able to ionize the air in the upper part of the receiving mast 8. The laser beam 12 is focused by using a long-focus optics in the upper part of the receiving mast 8. As lasers can be used lasers emit light with a wavelength of λ=248 nm with a power output of about 1 GW. The method is as follows. In the absence of storm conditions placed and mounted equipment. Installed a metal mast 8 with a smooth metal ball at its upper end in the presence of storm clouds was not opposing the initiation of lightning, in contrast to the mast, which has no smooth metal sphere on the top end. This is because a metal mast 8 without smooth metal sphere at the upper end has sharp edges, which leads to the formation of corona discharge, and, therefore, anti-lightning discharge. The presence of the crown at the upper end of the metal mast 8 leads to counter the lightning discharge is due to the fact that in this case the electric field at the upper end of the mast 8 remains almost constant due to Oceania charges with sharp edges, and its value is not sufficient for the formation of ascending leaders of the lightning discharge. Accommodation smooth metal sphere at the upper end of the receiving mast 8 eliminates the possibility of kronirovaniye, thereby eliminating the opposition lightning discharge, as facilitated by the condition of the education of the rising leader of the lightning discharge.

When reaching the meter readings of the strength of the electric field of atmospheric electricity value of 30 kV/m is launching small rockets 11 towards the storm cloud 17 to a height of 300 m or more, or goes in the upper region 13 of the space above the mast 8 pulsed laser radiation to ionize air.

Metal wire 10, which raises the rocket, one end of which is connected with a small rocket 11, and another end connected with the upper end of a metal mast 8 and is a conductor of electric current of the lightning discharge, which strikes the missile.

The rocket, carrying a grounded through the mast 8 thin wire 10, is more likely to excite the zipper when you go up in altitude than stationary standing metal mast 8. This is due to the fact that about a fast moving rocket 11 does not have time to accumulate the charge of the crown. Using launch small rockets attached to a grounded metal thin wire 10 provides excitation lightning in 60-70% of cases.

The lightning bolt that hit a small rocket 11, forms a powerful electrical charge, which the wire 10 enters at the inlet of the casing 3 wells, and then on the casing 3 and through the perforated portion 15 of the casing falls within the scope of the productive formation 16. The conductivity of the metal casing of the column 3 is significantly greater than the conductivity of cement, separating it from the surrounding soil. As a result, most part of the electric charge reaches the downhole portion of the productive formation 16 and spreads in it.

Another way to initiate a lightning discharge is a method using laser radiation. It is believed that the action of laser radiation also comes down to overcoming the negative influence of the crown. Plasma channel formed by laser radiation, the electric field of a thunderstorm cloud 17 quickly increases its length and, therefore, renders conductive the area outside the space charge of the crown.

The air ionization can be done short and powerful pulses of ultraviolet radiation. Adds a pulsed radiation of a different laser with a longer wavelength. Thanks to this combination, the laser radiation is spent only on the ionization and, consequently, it is possible to use lasers with lower radiation power. Due to the action of laser radiation of different wavelengths in the upper part of the receiving mast 8 is formed ionized region of the air, which is the early leader.

For ionization is possible to use a laser with a wavelength of λ=248 nm (fourth harmonic of Nd-laser-reinforced excimer KrF) with a duration of 10 PS with an energy of 10 MJ (capacity of 1 GW). This beam is superimposed pulse alexandrite laser with wavelength (λ=750 nm, 0,2 j, 2 μs). You can use nitrogen laser for ionization and education leader. After initiation of lightning the main part of the lightning discharge 14 enters the mast 8, which is electrically connected to the casing 3 wells. A large part of the electric current passes through the metal casing 3 due to the fact that the conductivity of metal is much larger than cement separating the casing 3 from the ground.

Later in downhole part of a productive soil is formed volumetric charge, which is the source of the inhomogeneous electric field in the reservoir. Due to the greater conductivity of the first space filled with fluid, than of skeleton formation, space charge flow along the layer. A nonuniform electric field and spreading unipolar electric charge in the reservoir intensify electrokinetic phenomena (see Tikhomolov C.P. Electroosmosis. -L.: Chemistry 1989. - 248 S.), which lead to a positive effect of increasing flow rate, the reduction of water production, increase oil recovery from the reservoir. The use of block 1 of the measurement parameters of the lightning discharge 14 will clarify the magnitude and duration of the positive effect when exposed to the reservoir during the production of hydrocarbons.

By using the energy of the lightning discharge, the value of which is significantly more energy used in existing technologies electric stimulation, positive effects of electric stimulation on the reservoir using the energy from the lightning bolt will appear much brighter.

Thus, the energy use of atmospheric electricity in the practice of hydrocarbon production compared with the existing technology has significant advantages:

- gratuitous use of renewable energy atmospheric electricity,

- the relative ease of implementation of the method of electric stimulation on the reservoir,

- the possibility of obtaining huge amounts of energy within a small time

- pulse stimulation on the reservoir is the most effective, so the natural impulse nature of the lightning discharge eliminates the need for special equipment to receive the pulse current of high power, which also leads to a considerable simplification of the method of electric stimulation on the reservoir,

- the use of atmospheric electricity eliminates the use of diesel generators, power lines, electrical energy converters, which allows the use of electric stimulation on the reservoir in a remote fishing areas,

- the use of high energy atmospheric electricity prolongs the action of the positive effect that allows you to increase the time interval between the processes of electric stimulation on the reservoir.

1. The way to intensify the production of hydrocarbons, which consists in the formation of electrical energy for pulse impact on the reservoir of energy atmospheric electricity through the use of the lightning bolt after initiation of the lightning discharge to the receiver of electric energy and transmission on the casing of the well, wherein to initiate a lightning discharge measure the electric field strength above the well and initiate a lightning discharge is carried out at the achievement of the magnitude of the electric field strength of at least 30 kV/m, sufficient for the formation of the leader channel lightning, and as a receiver of electrical energy using a metal mast at the upper end of which is a metal element spherical shape with a smooth outer surface to prevent kronirovaniye or use smooth metal wire, with the possibility of raising towards the storm cloud.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the initiation of lightning discharge is carried out by ionizirovanie air in the upper part of the receiver electrical energy.

3. A device for intensification of hydrocarbons production, characterized in that it comprises a measurement unit and a receiver of electrical energy atmospheric electricity, the output of which is electrically connected to the casing of the well, and the receiver electrical energy atmospheric electricity is made in the form of a metal mast at the upper end of which is a metal element spherical shape with a smooth outer surface to prevent kronirovaniye, and the lower end of a metal mast is the output of the receiver, or in the form of a smooth metal wire, the lower end of which is the output of the receiver, and the upper end mechanically connected to the balloon, with the possibility of lifting the wire in a vertical position, or smooth metal wire, the lower end of which is the output of the receiver, and the upper end mechanically connected with the body of a small rocket capable of lifting it towards the storm cloud.

4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the measurement unit includes a device for remote measurement of electric field intensity and a device for measuring time and electrical characteristics of the lightning discharge.

5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that in order to initiate a lightning discharge additionally introduced the laser unit, the beam of which is directed in the upper area of the space above the metal element of the spherical shape of the receiver electrical energy.

6. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the height of the metal mast is mainly equal to 30 m

7. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the metal element of the spherical shape is made with a diameter of not less than 20 see