Electrolyzer

IPC classes for russian patent Electrolyzer (RU 2252921):

C25B9/10 - ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR

C02F1/461 - TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE (processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances A62D0003000000; separation, settling tanks or filter devices B01D; special arrangements on waterborne vessels of installations for treating water, waste water or sewage, e.g. for producing fresh water, B63J; adding materials to water to prevent corrosion C23F; treating radioactively-contaminated liquids G21F0009040000)

A61L2/03 - Electric current, e.g. electrolysis

Another patents in same IPC classes:

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Electrolysis-water gaseous generator / 2252276

Hydrogen-oxygen mixture generator / 2252275

The invention is pertaining to technologies of electrochemical productions, in particular, to devices for electrolysis of water. The generator of a hydrogen-oxygen mixture contains at least one cylinder with a jacket of cooling, automatic inlet and outlet gates, a piston and a head of the cylinder forming a self-contained volume of the cylinder, a connecting rod gear linked wit a drive. The electrolyzer is made in a hermetic body with a cooling jacket with a capability of an easy passing through it of an electrolyte water solution. The electrolyzer is made in the form of two electrodes - half-blocks with a positive allowance entering each other. A device of the electrolyte cycle batch feeding into the electrolyzer is made in the form of a high-lift pump kinematically or through a control package is linked with the connecting rod gear and is supplied with the injector. The technical effect consists in an increase of productivity of the generator and its operating safety.

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Novelty is that acid vanadium electrolyte liquor that has in its composition V⁺³ and V⁺⁴ in desired concentration ratio introduced in electrolyte solution is produced from solid vanadium pentoxide by electrochemical method while at least partially reducing dissolved vanadium in acid electrolyte liquor; for the purpose electrolyte liquor is circulated through plurality of cascaded electrolyzers at least partially to V⁺³ degree; in this way reduced vanadium incorporating electrolyte liquor leaving the last of mentioned electrolyzers enters in reaction with stoichiometric amount of vanadium pentoxide to produce electrolyte liquor incorporating in effect vanadium in the V⁺³ form; acid and water are introduced to ensure definite molarity of liquor and the latter is continuously circulated through cascaded electrolyzers; stream of electrolyte liquor produced in the process that incorporates V⁺³ and V⁺⁴ in desired concentrations is discharged at outlet of one of electrolyzers of mentioned cascade. Each electrolyzer is distinguished by high degree of asymmetry and has cathode and anode of relevant surface morphology, geometry, and relative arrangement for setting current density on anode surface exceeding by 5 to 20 times that on projected cathode surface, oxygen being emitted from anode surface. Asymmetric electrolyzer of this type can be used in one of electrolyte circuits, positive or negative, of operating battery (cell) for reducing balance of respective oxidation degrees of their vanadium content.

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Electrode, apparatus and method for electrolytic treatment of liquid, system for regenerating soil in situ and unit for performing reduction-oxidation reactions / 2247175

Method of saturation of water with oxygen and plant for realization of this method / 2247081

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Method and complex for preparing of bottled oxygen- saturated water / 2246882

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Method for the production of anode paste (options) / 2242538

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Plant for electrochemical activation of drinking and sprinkling water / 2252920

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Drinking water electric-activation process / 2252919

Method comprises steps of unipolar treatment of drinking water in flow-through diaphragm-type electrolyzer having separate inlet and outlet at predetermined relation of speeds of catholyte and anolyte flows in range 0.94:1 - 1.50:1 at passing specific quantity of electricity in range 0.071 -0.083 A-hours for 1 l of catholyte and anolyte.

Method of sewage purification from oil and oil products / 2252918

The invention is pertaining to the field of an environmental protection, in particular, to the methods of sewage purification from petroleum, oil products, greases, lubricants, shale-processing products, and also to the methods of utilization of water treatment and water-gas purification cationic wastes. It may be used in petrochemical industry and heat-and-power engineering. The method of sewage purification provides for filtration through a layer of a granulated sorbent, in the capacity of which they use a waste of water treatment and water-gas purification - cationite, with its consequent separation and use as an additive to a fuel. At that a sorption ability of cationite for oil products makes 0.24-0.27 kg / kg of the sorbent. The method ensures a deep purification of sewage from oil products, an increase of an expected life of the sorption element and production of additional fuel-power resources at the expense of utilization of wastes.

Method of a vacuum deaeration of water / 2252917

The invention is pertaining to the field of heat power engineering and may be used in boiler rooms and the thermal power stations. A method of a vacuum deaeration of water, according to which the initial water and the heating agent are fed into a vacuum deaerator and deaerated water is withdrawn from the vacuum deaerator and the flash steam formed in the process of deaeration is removed with the help of a mechanical vacuum pump. Control over operation of the mechanical vacuum pump is performed by a change of the rate of its electric drive rotation speed according to the given value of pH of the deaerated water. The technical effect achievable by the stated invention consists in upgrading of the quality and efficiency of the vacuum deaeration of water due to maintenance of an optimal mode of operation of the mechanical vacuum pump and due to exception of its operation at excessive power consumptions.

Tank and device for purifying liquid / 2252062

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Domestic filter for additional purifying of drinkable water / 2252061

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Spent emulsive lubricating-cooling liquids decomposition method / 2251566

The invention is dealt with the field of decomposition of the spent emulsive lubricating-cooling liquids (LCL) and may be used for purification of the spent industrial sewage containing the finely dispersive colloid organic and mineral impurities. The mode of decomposition of the LCL provides for introduction of the phosphoric acid into the LSS at stirring of the mix up to pH 2-3. Then the solution is heated up to the temperature of 65-80°C and after settling and removal of a lubricated phase, urotropine is added in the purified water phase at stirring and they exercise electrocoagulation of the partially purified water phase before production of a purified water phase. Then the product of treatment with the LSS is neutralized to meet parameters of maximum permissible concentration (MPC) for the sewage. The method ensures an increased level of purification the spent emulsive lubricating-cooling liquids from organic and mineral impurities at the expense of an increased duration of an effective functioning of the electrocoagulators.

Method of purification of portable water from salts of hardness (ca, mg) with simultaneous production of a carbon-to-mineral material of agroindustrial application / 2251537

The invention is dealt with the methods of purification of natural waters intended for drinking with simultaneous production of carbon-to-mineral material, which may be used for soil development. the Method of purification of potable water from salts of hardness (Ca, Mg) with simultaneous production of carbon-to-mineral material of agroindustrial application provides for treatment of the water with a lime mortar [Ca(OH)2] and delivery of the produced reaction mixture in the form of a set jets all over the height and the circumference of the suspended layer of a ball-type granulated carbon - carbon material with specific surface of mesopores in terms of nitrogen of 0.5-100 m² / g, bulk volume of pores 0.08-0.8 cm³ / g and value of pH - 9-11. The process is conducted up to 10-120 % saturation of sorbent by reaction particles and then sorbent is removed without regeneration. Extracted carbon-to-mineral material is treated with a solution of sulfuric either phosphoric acids or their mixture in an equivalent ratio. The method allows to reduce hardness of water and to attach useful properties to the spent sorbent.

Method of extraction of strontium from water solutions / 2251535

The invention is pertinent to the field of processing of industrial waste water, in particular, to extraction of alkali-earth metals from water solutions. Extraction of strontium from water solutions such as chloride-calcium waters is conducted using an ionic flotation. At that the reactant-collector is introduced with its consumption smaller than stoichiometrical consumption in relation to strontium and not enough for an ionic flotation of the rest components. An ionic flotation of strontium is carried out during the time period sufficient for an efficient extraction of strontium and not sufficient for extraction of calcium. The method of extraction of strontium from water solutions as compared with the existing methods ensures higher selectivity of extraction.

Method of extraction of strontium from water solutions / 2251535

The aerosol method of antimicrobial treatment (saao) / 2241491

The invention relates to the field of medicine, veterinary medicine, Microbiology, ecology

FIELD: medical instrument making, namely apparatuses for preparing ecologically safe electrically activated water.

SUBSTANCE: electrolyzer includes two electrodes (one electrode of stainless steel and other electrode of carbon); bridge type voltage rectifier; electric circuit plug; membrane; second doubled membrane - cover, for example of tracing paper or canvas; glass vessel; low-resistance voltage divider with taps; array of light emitting diodes with additional resistors whose number corresponds to that of taps; housing of electrolyzer. Plug is connected with inlets of bridge type voltage rectifier; negative outlet of voltage rectifier is connected with electrode of stainless steel. Second positive-polarity outlet of voltage rectifier is connected through low-resistance voltage divider with taps to carbon electrode arranged in second membrane-cover. All cathode ends of light emitting diodes with additional resistors are connected in parallel and they are connected with positive outlet of voltage rectifier; second ends of said diodes are connected with respective taps of low-resistance voltage divider.

EFFECT: possibility for displaying information concerning activation degree of water at preparing it for medical purposes, preparation of ecologically safe anolyte.

2 dwg

The invention relates to the field of medical instrumentation and can be used for the production of electroactivated water.

A device for the production of electroactivated water [1]. It contains: electrical plug, the voltage rectifier of alternating current, two carbon electrodes and the membrane, a glass container, a dual switch for three terms and two LEDs. Output terminals of the power plug is connected to the inputs of the rectifier, the outputs of which are connected to the middle contact of the dual switch for three positions, one pair cross at its contacts connected between themselves and with two LEDs and is connected to the output of positive polarity of the rectifier, and a second pair of cross at its contacts interrelated and connected directly to the output of negative polarity rectifier.

The device operation is based on switching the polarity of the voltage applied to the electrodes by means of a double switch in the following way. When applying to the electrode a positive potential is loosening this carbon electrodes, and connecting it to the negative potential leads to the deposition on it water-soluble salts (carbonates) and its hardening. LEDs are used to indicate the polarity of the voltage is th, applied to the electrodes when the switching.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed device is the device [2] (see figure 1), containing the electric plug 1, the voltage rectifier AC to DC bridge type - 2, two electrodes 3 and 4, made of stainless steel, located in the casing 7, the membrane 5 and a glass bowl - 6.

Output terminals of the power plug 1 is connected to the inputs of the voltage rectifier bridge type 2, the electrode 3 is connected to the output of the negative polarity voltage rectifier bridge type 2 and the electrode 4 is connected to the output of the positive polarity voltage rectifier bridge type 2 and placed inside the membrane 5. It has the shape of a Cup and is made of canvas fabric. The electrode 3 connected to the output of the negative polarity voltage rectifier bridge type 2, is located between the membrane 5 and the glass container 6.

The device operates as follows. The membrane 5 (canvas glass) and glass container 6 is filled with water. A glass container 6 is served on top of the housing of the electrolytic cell 7 so that the positive electrode is inside the membrane 5 and the second electrode 3 connected to the output of the negative polarity voltage rectifier bridge type 2, will be located between the membrane 5 and the glass is th capacity 6 cell. Electric plug 1 is included in an electric circuit of alternating current, which is converted into DC voltage by the voltage rectifier bridge type 2, and inside the membrane with 5 omitted where the electrode positive polarity, is formed analyte, i.e. the solution with an excess of positively charged hydrogen ions and water between the membrane 5 and tank 6 - catholyte, i.e. the solution with an excess of negatively charged ions hydroxyl group.

The drawback of both these devices is the lack of information about the quality of cooking electroactivated water, which is determined for Catolica alkalinity of the solution, and the anolyte is its acidity. The degree of acidity and alkalinity corresponds to the pH. PH equal to 7.0 (neutral water pH greater than 7 is alkaline and a pH less than 7 is acidic. In the preparation of electroactivated water due to the presence of semi-conducting membrane around one electrode accumulates the anolyte, the other catholyte. Therefore, over time, increasing their concentration increases the potential difference between the electrodes and increases the current. The current value is proportional to the pH value. It is used in the proposed device. For this purpose the device is introduced to a low-resistance voltage divider with branches, and the LEDs have a different roll is, than analog. They pointed out the sign of the polarity of the voltage applied to the electrode, here they determined the degree of concentration pH electroactivated water

The invention is aimed at obtaining information about the quality of cooking electroactivated water pH value in the process of its production.

This is achieved by the fact that in an electrolytic cell containing an electrode made of stainless steel, voltage rectifier bridge type electrical plug, a membrane, a glass bowl and an electric plug connected to the inputs of the rectifier, and one of its outputs connected to the electrode of stainless steel, entered the low-resistance voltage divider with taps, set of LEDs with additional resistors on the number of taps, the second two-layer membrane-case (for example, tracing paper and canvas), and carbon electrode placed in the second two-layer membrane-case and low-resistance voltage divider with taps connected between the rectifier output positive polarity and coal electrode, all of the cathode ends of the diodes are connected via an additional resistor in parallel and connected to the output of the rectifier positive polarity, and the second ends of the LEDs connected to the respective taps of the voltage divider.

Diagram of the device is presented in figure 2. It contains the electrical plug - 1, the voltage rectifier bridge type - 2, the electrode stainless steel - 3, carbon electrode 4, the membrane 5, a glass bowl - 6, the second two-layer membrane-case (for example, tracing paper and canvas), and carbon electrode placed in the second two-layer membrane-case 7, the low-resistance voltage divider with taps - 8, a set of LEDs with an additional resistor 9 and the casing of the cell is 10.

Electric plug 1 is connected to the inputs of the rectifier 2, and one of its outputs connected to the electrode stainless steel 3 introduced a low-resistance voltage divider with 8 taps, set of LEDs with additional resistors 9 by the number of taps, the second two-layer membrane - case 7 (for example, tracing paper and canvas), and the carbon electrode 4 is placed in the second two-layer membrane-case 7 and the low-resistance voltage divider with 8 taps connected between the rectifier output 2 positive polarity and the carbon electrode 4, all of the cathode ends of the diodes 9 are connected via an additional resistor in parallel and connected to the output rectifier 2 positive polarity, and the second ends of the LEDs 9 are connected to the respective taps of the voltage divider 8.

It works as follows. The membrane 5 (canvas glass) and glass container 6 is filled with water. A glass container 6 is served from the top to posom cell 10 thus, to a carbon electrode 4 placed in the second two-layer membrane - case (for example, tracing paper and canvas) - 7, was inside the membrane 5. The electrode stainless steel - 3 connected to the negative output of the rectifier bridge type 2 must be between the membrane 5 and the glass container 6 electrolyzer. Electric plug 1 is included in an electric circuit of alternating current. It is converted into a DC voltage by the rectifier bridge type 2. If this led is not lit. When the electrolyzer is increasing the current increases the voltage drop across the resistors low ohmic voltage divider with 8 taps, and when it reaches the ignition voltage of the LEDs, set of 8, they will begin to glow. To protect the LEDs from overload consistently with them included resistors limiting the current of the LEDs. The first led will light up VD1, which bypasses the whole low-resistance voltage divider. Indeed, since the current I₁in the series connected resistors of the divider runs the same, then the voltage drop throughout the divisor is greater than its parts. For example, for the three gradations of control acidity in the current I₁voltage I₁(R₁+R₂+R₃)=U_T1will light up one led VD1, and this corresponds to pH 6. Current increases to the value of ₂(pH 4), the voltage of I₂(R₁+R₂)=U_dm2and will light two light emitting diode VD1 and VD2; while I₃(pH 2), I₃R₁=U_LED3and will be lit all three LEDs. Thus, the number of illuminated LEDs is determined by the degree of acidity prepared electroactivated water, corresponding to the concentration of pH. If necessary, increase the accuracy of the pH control of the electroactivated water number of resistors low ohmic voltage divider with taps, LEDs with additional resistors will increase accordingly.

The use of this device in medicine will directly in the preparation of electroactivated water to know the degree of its activation, which is necessary when it is used for treatment of various diseases.

Literature

1. RF patent No. 17920 useful model “the Cell”, the authors Iridoplasty, Eaaav, BI No. 13, 2001.

2. Living water. / Comp. Lespresso. - Minsk.: "Paradox", 1998. - 128 S. - (Ser. "The Council without a visit").

The cell containing the electrode of stainless steel, voltage rectifier bridge type electrical plug, a membrane, a glass container, the body of the cell, with an electric plug connected to the inputs of the rectifier, and one of its outputs connected to the electrode of stainless steel, great for the present, however, that device is introduced to a low-resistance voltage divider with taps, set of LEDs with additional resistors on the number of taps, the second two-layer membrane is the case, for example, from tracing paper and canvas, and a carbon electrode placed in the second two-layer membrane-case and low-resistance voltage divider with branches included between the output of the positive polarity voltage rectifier bridge type and carbon electrode, and all of the cathode ends of the diodes are connected via an additional resistor in parallel and connected to the output of positive polarity voltage rectifier bridge type, and the second ends of the LEDs connected to the respective taps of the low resistance voltage divider.