Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks
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Method for producing of chitosan from chitin of cancerous / 2246880 Method involves providing deacetylation of raw material with the use of preliminarily cooled alkaline solution; washing and drying. Deacetylation process is performed in three stages, first stage being performed for 7 days and subsequent two stages being performed for 2 hours each, combined with thermal processing at temperature of 55-590C. Washing process is provided after each deacetylation stage. |
 Method for preparing exopolysaccharides / 2246540Invention proposes a method for preparing exopolysaccharide by culturing microorganisms in nutrient medium containing one or more carbon source assimilated by microorganisms and caruba seeds fraction as nitrogen organic source. Applying the proposed method provides preparing exopolysaccharide eliciting improved organoleptic, sensor and visual properties. Invention can be used in building, paper, textile, cosmetic, food, oil output industry and agriculture. |
 Antigenic preparations / 2245721Antigenic preparations are obtained from keratinophilic fungi Trichophiton or Microsporum species or yeast species Candida by alkali hydrolysis techniques. Thus obtained preparations can be, in particular used, as vaccines and for treating allergy and modulating immune response. |
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Method for manufacturing carbohydrate-containing gelling concentrate for confectionary products / 2246858 The suggested concentrate should be prepared due to pressing the juice out of sugar beet prepared with deodorated carbon dioxide in supracritical state. Residues should undergo hydrolysis-extracting with hydrochloric acid solution obtained directly in the mentioned process at separate supply of water and liquid hydrogen chloride for this stage. Obtained extract without residues should be mixed with sugar beet juice and supplement the blend with liquid ammonia along with an extract obtained due to extracting Mortierella globulifera micromycete biomass. The blend should be concentrated due to vacuum evaporation. The concentrate should be treated with liquid carbon dioxide and supplemented with a solid residue obtained as a result of extracting the biomass of the mentioned micromycete and treated with liquid ammonia. The mixture should be heated up to 60 C, not less. The innovation provides increased output of the target product and improved structure=-forming properties. |
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Method for preparing pectin substance / 2244441 Invention relates to a method for preparing biologically active substances from medicinal vegetable raw, in particular, to preparing pectin substances from wild strawberry leaves (Fragaria vesca L.). Raw is extracted preliminary with hot water at heating to 95oC in the ratio raw : extractant = 1:10 for 1 h to separate water-soluble polysaccharides followed by filtration off. Raw residue is extracted with mixture of 0.5% oxalic acid solution and ammonium oxalate (1:1) in the ratio = 1:20 at 80-85oC for 1 h. The repeated extracted is carried out twice. The vegetable material is separated by filtration and combined extracts are evaporated. Pectin substances are precipitated with 5-fold amount of 96% ethyl alcohol at room temperature. The precipitated dense deposit is filtered off, washed out with 96% ethyl alcohol and dried. Method provides elevating yield of the end product up to 12.5% of vegetable raw mass of wild strawberry leaves. |
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Method for preparing pectin substance / 2244441 Invention relates to a method for preparing biologically active substances from medicinal vegetable raw, in particular, to preparing pectin substances from wild strawberry leaves (Fragaria vesca L.). Raw is extracted preliminary with hot water at heating to 95oC in the ratio raw : extractant = 1:10 for 1 h to separate water-soluble polysaccharides followed by filtration off. Raw residue is extracted with mixture of 0.5% oxalic acid solution and ammonium oxalate (1:1) in the ratio = 1:20 at 80-85oC for 1 h. The repeated extracted is carried out twice. The vegetable material is separated by filtration and combined extracts are evaporated. Pectin substances are precipitated with 5-fold amount of 96% ethyl alcohol at room temperature. The precipitated dense deposit is filtered off, washed out with 96% ethyl alcohol and dried. Method provides elevating yield of the end product up to 12.5% of vegetable raw mass of wild strawberry leaves. |
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Method for manufacturing carbohydrate-containing gelling concentrate for confectionary products / 2246858 The suggested concentrate should be prepared due to pressing the juice out of sugar beet prepared with deodorated carbon dioxide in supracritical state. Residues should undergo hydrolysis-extracting with hydrochloric acid solution obtained directly in the mentioned process at separate supply of water and liquid hydrogen chloride for this stage. Obtained extract without residues should be mixed with sugar beet juice and supplement the blend with liquid ammonia along with an extract obtained due to extracting Mortierella globulifera micromycete biomass. The blend should be concentrated due to vacuum evaporation. The concentrate should be treated with liquid carbon dioxide and supplemented with a solid residue obtained as a result of extracting the biomass of the mentioned micromycete and treated with liquid ammonia. The mixture should be heated up to 60 C, not less. The innovation provides increased output of the target product and improved structure=-forming properties. |
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Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks / 2247730 Invention relates to a method for isolating pectin from vegetable raw. Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks involves hydrolysis-extraction of a solid phase and separation of a liquid phase. Before hydrolysis-extraction a solid phase is extracted with ethyl acetate and liquid acetylene successively under the above atmosphere pressure. The second extract is separated without pressure change followed by abrupt dropping pressure over a solid phase up to atmosphere value and feeding a solid phase to hydrolysis-extraction. Invention provides reducing loss of pectin being without deterioration of its organoleptic properties. |
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Method for isolating pectin from sunflower heads / 2247731 Invention relates to a method for isolating pectin from the vegetable raw. Method for isolating pectin from sunflower heads involves their milling, denaturation of proteins by heating, hydrolysis-extraction of solid phase, separation of liquid phase and its concentrating and drying. Extraction with dimethylformamide is carried out before hydrolysis-extraction stage followed by extraction with liquid carbon dioxide under above atmosphere pressure. The second extract is separated without change of pressure followed by abrupt drop of pressure over the solid phase up to atmosphere value and feeding the solid phase to hydrolysis-extraction stage. Invention provides improving safety due to exclusion contact of toxic solvent with the end product, reducing time process of hydrolysis-extraction stage and reducing loss of pectin substances. |
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Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks / 2247732 Invention relates to a method for preparing pectin from vegetable raw. Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks involves hydrolysis-extraction of a solid phase and separation of a liquid phase. Before hydrolysis-extraction a solid phase is extracted successively with acetone and mixture of liquid acetylene and carbon dioxide taken in the mass ratio acetylene : carbon dioxide from 3:7 to 7:3, respectively, under the above atmosphere pressure. The second extract is separated without the pressure change followed by abrupt dropping pressure over a solid phase to atmosphere value and feeding a solid phase to hydrolysis-extraction. Invention provides reducing loss of pectin being without deterioration of its organoleptic properties. |
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Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks / 2247733 Invention relates to a method for isolating pectin from vegetable raw. Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks involves hydrolysis-extraction of a solid phase and separation of a liquid phase. Before hydrolysis-extraction a solid phase is extracted with dimethylformamide and liquid acetylene successively under the above atmosphere pressure. The second extract is separated without pressure change followed by abrupt dropping pressure over a solid phase up to atmosphere value and feeding a solid phase to hydrolysis-extraction. Invention provides reducing loss of pectin being without deterioration of its organoleptic properties. |
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Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks / 2247734 Invention relates to a method for isolating pectin from vegetable raw. Method for isolating pectin from citrus husks involves hydrolysis-extraction of a solid phase and separation of a liquid phase. Before hydrolysis-extraction a solid phase is extracted with dimethylformamide and liquid carbon dioxide successively under the above atmosphere pressure. The second extract is separated without the pressure change followed by abrupt dropping pressure over a solid phase up to atmosphere value and feeding a solid phase to hydrolysis-extraction. Invention provides reducing loss of pectin being without deterioration of its organoleptic properties. |
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Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks / 2247735 Invention relates to a method for isolating pectin from vegetable raw. Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks involves hydrolysis-extraction of a solid phase and separation of a liquid phase. Before hydrolysis-extraction a solid phase is extracted with acetone and liquid carbon dioxide successively under the above atmosphere pressure. The second extract is separated without pressure change followed by abrupt dropping pressure over a solid phase up to atmosphere value and feeding a solid phase to hydrolysis-extraction. Invention provides reducing loss of pectin being without deterioration of its organoleptic properties. |
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Method for isolating pectin from citrus husks / 2247736 Invention relates to a method for preparing pectin extract from vegetable raw. Method involves the successive extraction of citrus husks with acetone. Then after separation of extract a solid phase is extracted with a mixture of liquid acetylene and carbon dioxide taken in mass ratio from 3:7 to 7:3. Then hydrolysis-extraction of a solid phase is carried out and a liquid phase is separated after termination of the hydrolysis-extraction process. Method provides reducing loss of pectin. |
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Method for preparing pectin / 2247737 Invention relates to a method for isolating pectin from vegetable raw. Method for preparing pectin involves milling and mixing sunflower heads and citrus husks, hydrolysis-extraction of mixture, separation of a liquid phase and isolation of the end product from its. Before mixing sunflower heads and citrus husks are extracted with ethyl acetate and liquid carbon dioxide separately and successively under the above atmosphere pressure. The second extract is separated without pressure change followed by dropping pressure over a solid phase up to atmosphere value and feeding a solid phase to hydrolysis-extraction. Invention provides enhancing quality of the end product due to elimination of undesirable taste and odor and without deterioration of its technological properties and without reducing the specific yield of pectin. |
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Antigenic preparations / 2245721 Antigenic preparations are obtained from keratinophilic fungi Trichophiton or Microsporum species or yeast species Candida by alkali hydrolysis techniques. Thus obtained preparations can be, in particular used, as vaccines and for treating allergy and modulating immune response. |
|
Method for preparing exopolysaccharides / 2246540 Invention proposes a method for preparing exopolysaccharide by culturing microorganisms in nutrient medium containing one or more carbon source assimilated by microorganisms and caruba seeds fraction as nitrogen organic source. Applying the proposed method provides preparing exopolysaccharide eliciting improved organoleptic, sensor and visual properties. Invention can be used in building, paper, textile, cosmetic, food, oil output industry and agriculture. |
|
Method for producing of chitosan from chitin of cancerous / 2246880 Method involves providing deacetylation of raw material with the use of preliminarily cooled alkaline solution; washing and drying. Deacetylation process is performed in three stages, first stage being performed for 7 days and subsequent two stages being performed for 2 hours each, combined with thermal processing at temperature of 55-590C. Washing process is provided after each deacetylation stage. |
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Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks / 2247730 Invention relates to a method for isolating pectin from vegetable raw. Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks involves hydrolysis-extraction of a solid phase and separation of a liquid phase. Before hydrolysis-extraction a solid phase is extracted with ethyl acetate and liquid acetylene successively under the above atmosphere pressure. The second extract is separated without pressure change followed by abrupt dropping pressure over a solid phase up to atmosphere value and feeding a solid phase to hydrolysis-extraction. Invention provides reducing loss of pectin being without deterioration of its organoleptic properties. |
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Method for isolating pectin from sunflower heads / 2247731 Invention relates to a method for isolating pectin from the vegetable raw. Method for isolating pectin from sunflower heads involves their milling, denaturation of proteins by heating, hydrolysis-extraction of solid phase, separation of liquid phase and its concentrating and drying. Extraction with dimethylformamide is carried out before hydrolysis-extraction stage followed by extraction with liquid carbon dioxide under above atmosphere pressure. The second extract is separated without change of pressure followed by abrupt drop of pressure over the solid phase up to atmosphere value and feeding the solid phase to hydrolysis-extraction stage. Invention provides improving safety due to exclusion contact of toxic solvent with the end product, reducing time process of hydrolysis-extraction stage and reducing loss of pectin substances. |
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Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks / 2247732 Invention relates to a method for preparing pectin from vegetable raw. Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks involves hydrolysis-extraction of a solid phase and separation of a liquid phase. Before hydrolysis-extraction a solid phase is extracted successively with acetone and mixture of liquid acetylene and carbon dioxide taken in the mass ratio acetylene : carbon dioxide from 3:7 to 7:3, respectively, under the above atmosphere pressure. The second extract is separated without the pressure change followed by abrupt dropping pressure over a solid phase to atmosphere value and feeding a solid phase to hydrolysis-extraction. Invention provides reducing loss of pectin being without deterioration of its organoleptic properties. |
FIELD: vegetable raw technology.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for isolating pectin from vegetable raw. Method for preparing pectin from citrus husks involves hydrolysis-extraction of a solid phase and separation of a liquid phase. Before hydrolysis-extraction a solid phase is extracted with ethyl acetate and liquid acetylene successively under the above atmosphere pressure. The second extract is separated without pressure change followed by abrupt dropping pressure over a solid phase up to atmosphere value and feeding a solid phase to hydrolysis-extraction. Invention provides reducing loss of pectin being without deterioration of its organoleptic properties.
EFFECT: improved preparing method.
The invention relates to the process of extracting pectin from plant materials.
A known method of producing pectin from citrus pomace for the extraction of water, hydrolysis-extraction solid phase, separating the liquid phase and its concentration or drying (Donchenko L.V. Technology of pectin and actinomadura. - M.: new Delhi, 2000, pp.96-105).
The disadvantage of this method is the high loss of pectin with water extract.
The technical result of the invention is to reduce losses of pectin without deterioration in its organoleptic properties.
This result is achieved in that in the method of producing pectin from citrus pomace, providing them hydrolysis-extraction and separation of the liquid phase, according to the invention before hydrolysis-extraction process them sequentially extracted with ethyl acetate and liquid acetylene at a pressure above atmospheric, separating the second extract without changing the pressure, then the pressure over the solid phase sharply dropping to atmospheric with the direction of the solid phase hydrolysis-extraction.
The method is implemented as follows.
Citrus pomace, if necessary, crushed (Donchenko L.V. Technology of pectin and actinomadura. Textbook for University students): new Delhi, 2000, pp.96-105), and then extracted with ethyl acetate and separating the extract by known methods (Bykov SF Theoretical and experimental basis for the creation of a brand new resource-saving technologies of production of vegetable oils. Abstract distn - SPb.: VNIIG, p.21-26; Demchenko P.P. improvement of the technology of extraction of oil from sunflower seeds. Abstract Diskin - L.: VNIIG, 1982, p.6-14), containing essential oils and glycosides, with a bitter taste. Then the solid phase is extracted with liquid acetylene at a pressure above atmospheric, corresponding to the vapor pressure of the extractant at a temperature of extraction, and separating the extract without changing the pressure (Kasyanov GI and other Processing of plant raw material liquefied and compressed gases. - M.: Agroniiteipp, 1993, 40 C.). The remains go into ethyl acetate extract, which prevents further passage of ethyl acetate by the stages of the technological process and its penetration into the target product. Pressure over the solid phase sharply dropped to atmospheric. This leads to a sharp boiling liquefied gas and explosive grinding plant, accompanied by the destruction of cell membranes. Then the solid phase is directed to the hydrolysis-extraction.
Hydrolysis-extraction is carried out with the parameters selected by well-known recommendations (Donchenko L.V. Technology of pectin and actinomadura. - M.: new Delhi, 2000, p.143-142) or calculated and the known dependencies (Ilyin I.A. Scientific fundamentals of the modified pectin. - Krasnodar: Scznyaw, 2001, p.88-156). Due to the preliminary destruction of cell membranes increases the contact surface phases and availability protopectin substances for hydrolysis-extraction. This reduces the processing time and reduce the possibility of deep hydrolysis and loss of pectin. After completion of the hydrolysis-extraction is separated as the target product liquid phase, which is optionally concentrated or dried.
It should be noted that pectic substances do not dissolve either in ethyl acetate or in acetylene, which prevents their loss with detachable extracts and therefore increases the yield of pectin compared with the closest analogue. Despite the fact that the initial content of pectin in citrus vyjimka is from 8.9 to 14.9% in terms of dry substance, and the content of residual according to the invention, but remove the prototype water-soluble fraction of about 33% (Donchenko L.V. Technology of pectin and actinomadura. - M.: new Delhi, 2000, p.53, 97), loss of pectin as a result of his deep hydrolysis can be estimated for the proposed method and the closest analogue for known dependencies (Altonian M.K. Kinetics of degradation of the polysaccharide in the process of obtaining pectin. Abstract Diskin - Krasnodar:KPI, 1988).
Determination of the organoleptic properties of the products obtained by the proposed method and the closest analogue is carried out according to GOST 8756.1, revealed no differences between groups on any of the regulated parameters.
Thus, the proposed method allows to reduce the loss of pectin without deterioration in its organoleptic properties.
The method of producing pectin from citrus pomace, involving hydrolysis-extraction solid phase, and separating the liquid phase, characterized in that before hydrolysis-extraction solid phase it sequentially extracted with ethyl acetate and liquid acetylene at a pressure above atmospheric, separating the second extract without changing the pressure, then the pressure over the solid phase sharply dropping to atmospheric with the direction of the solid phase hydrolysis-extraction.