The method for decontamination of soil

IPC classes for russian patent The method for decontamination of soil (RU 2125355):

A01B47 - Soil-working with electric potential applied between tools and soil

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(57) Abstract:

The invention relates to methods of electromagnetic influence on the soil. The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of disinfection, thus reducing the time of exposure to the soil. When implementing the method on the ground carry out the electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency. The soil is heated to a temperature 64-70^oC with a speed of 0.04-0.5^oC/C, followed by temperature control without the supply of coolant for at least 180 C. the cooling Rate of the soil should be no more than 0.05°C/s 1 Il., table 4.

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for decontamination of the soil.

There is a method of decontamination of soil (A. C. 485720, USSR, MKI A 01 B 47/00 - Publ. in B. I. N 36, 1975), including the warming of the soil in hot water with subsequent short-term exposure to alternating current.

The disadvantage of this method is significant time spent on heating of the soil water.

There is a method of decontamination of soil (A. C. 719523, USSR, MKI A 01 B 47/00 Publ. in B. I., N 9, 1980), including hydration and subsequent effects on soil electrical shock when vibrac is atrata time tillage electric shock.

The present invention is to increase the effectiveness of decontamination of the soil, thus reducing exposure time.

This task is achieved technical solution represents a new method for decontamination of soil, including heating of the soil electromagnetic field of high frequency.

The invented method differs from the known [2] that the soil is heated to a temperature of 64 to 70 degrees Celsius (^oC) at a rate of 0.04 - 0.5^oC/temperature control without the supply of coolant for at least 180 C at a cooling rate of soil no more than 0,5^oC/s

The proposed method has significant differences, as no other known technical solutions with similar characteristics the applicant is not found.

In the process revealed distinctive features in conjunction with other signs provide a positive effect, which consists in the saving of time for the disinfection of the electromagnetic field of ultra-high frequency (UHF) due to the intensification of soil heating to a temperature of 64 - 70^oC with a speed of 0.04 - 0.5^oC/C with temperature control of the heated object without the supply of t is pytov sample greenhouse soil 2 was placed in the chamber in the form of rectangular waveguide 1 section 45 x 90 mm, which applies microwave energy (see drawing). To provide the necessary cooling rate, the soil was placed in the container 3 PTFE and was covered with a lid 4.

PTFE is almost a perfect insulator with low losses at microwave and has a low coefficient of thermal conductivity. The latter circumstance allows to reliably insulate the soil from the environment, and the value of the speed of cooling is determined by the thickness of the walls of the container.

In this example, we used the microwave source with the following parameters:
- frequency is 2450 MHz
- power - 250 watts
The object of microwave exposure was greenhouse soil infested with the pathogen "Fusdrium t. cp. diomthi". The determination of the degree of contamination of greenhouse soil was carried out in accordance with methodical materials Bilai C. M. Methods of experimental Mycology. Kyiv. Naukova Dumka, 1973, In this case a measure of the degree of contamination is the number conidiomata units (CFU) of the fungus per gram of air-dry soil. Used the following scale contamination of:
- the soil is partially infected, even if no more than 500;
- average degree of contamination of the soil is characterized materiality soil 2 in the waveguide 1 depends on its moisture content. The higher the humidity, the greater the speed of microwave heating of the greenhouse soil. Therefore, the lower and upper limits of the speed of microwave heating are determined by the heating rate of dry soil (15%) and wet soil (66%), see table. A.

The results of microwave processing greenhouse soils of different degrees of contamination without temperature control (cover 4 in the container 3 is missing, see the drawing) are presented in table. 1.

However, the effect of soil disinfection can be achieved in less time with less finite temperature microwave heating, if the greenhouse soil to thermostatical (container 3 is covered with a lid 4, see drawing). This is confirmed by the results of the experiments in table. 2.

From the comparison table. 1 and 2 it follows that due to a temperature for a period of not less than 180 when the rate of cooling of the greenhouse soil is not more than 0.05^oC/s the effect of disinfection is achieved at finite temperature microwave heating of 67 +/- 3^oC. comparison Results found mode microwave disinfection of infected greenhouse soil with exposure to electric current [2] are given in table. 3.

As follows from the table. 3, in comparison with the processing of electric current [2] proposed a method for decontamination of the microwave field will allow Socrates B 47/00 - Publ. in B. I., N 36, 1975.

2. A. C. 719523, USSR, MKI A 01 B 47/00 - Publ. in B. I., N 36, 1980.

3. Bilai Century. And. Methods of experimental Mycology - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1973.

The method for decontamination of soil, including heating of the soil electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency, characterized in that the soil is heated to a temperature 64 - 70^oC with a speed of 0.04 - 0.5^oC/C with temperature control without the supply of coolant for at least 180 C at a cooling rate of soil no more than 0.05^oC/S.