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Road surface structure includes a base from overconsolidated soil with consolidation coefficient Cc=1.02-1.03, in the cross section made in the form of a trapezoid, the lower side of which is equal to the width of the traffic area, and the upper side is made narrower than the traffic area width by 20-25 cm at each side, with arrangement of a support layer from compacted crushed stone of triangular shape with a top located near the base of the trapezoid, and a double-layer coating from asphalt concrete, made along the entire width of the traffic area of the motor road. At the same time the width of the support layer in the upper part at each side of the base is 20-25 cm. |
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Method to dry peat bogs during construction of landing strips of airfields Method includes regulation of a khor in its lower part flowing from the bog and damming of water inflow into the bog with the help of arrangement of a pipe culvert, which is coupled to each other with the help of heads. Several pits are dug on the shore of the mineral part of the bog for the depth of the peat deposit. Drainage pumps are installed into pits with installation of discharge lines via damper wells into the lower part of the creek. Then coffer dams are dug, and water is released from the bog into the pit, and then the pumps are started, and water is pumped into the creek. After surface and partially ground waters have been pumped, and peat has settled, they start digging an open drainage network, coupling it via coffer dams with pits, still pumping water with pumps. At the same time peat reclamation is started from the shore line of the peat bog, and peat is replaced with mineral soil, simultaneously installing perforated wells in deepest areas on the bottom of the former peatbog, and the wells are previously wrapped with geotextile. Drainage pumps are placed into perforated wells, and ground waters are pumped into the lower part of the creek, thus reducing ground waters and creating conditions for final replacement of peat with mineral soil. |
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Composition for arrangement of bases of road pavements and other structures Invention relates to construction and utilisation of wastes of heat engineering, and namely to reinforced ground compositions (soil cements), which can be used for construction of structures, including in structures of bases of road pavements of automobile roads; in an earth bed of automobile roads and other structures; for backfilling, elimination and recultivation of developed soil banks and slurry ponds; for reinforcement of sides of roads, slopes and cavities. Composition for arrangement of bases of road pavements and structures, which includes cement, slurry of chemical water treatment of CHP, and when necessary, for assurance of required humidity (optimum for compacting), it additionally contains sand at the following component ratio, wt % (by solid phase): sand 57-82, cement 6-12, CHP chemical water treatment slurry (on a dry basis) 12-30. The invention is developed in a subclaim of the formula. |
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Road structure comprises an earth bed, a road surface with an underlying layer, sides, a longitudinal drainage system filled with crushed stone of fraction 20-40 and arranged in the body of the earth bed along the axis of the road, water drainage outlets. The base of the earth bed fill under trenches of the rated traffic area from the normative car load is made by geometry of a triangular stiff core from strong easily compacted grainy materials, which have draining properties, and by giving orthotropic properties. |
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Road structure comprises an earth bed, a road surface with an underlying layer, sides, a longitudinal drainage system filled with crushed stone of fraction 20-40 and arranged in the body of the earth bed along the axis of the road, and water drainage outlets. The base in the fill of the earth bed under the road surface is made according to geometry of the triangular stiff core from strong easily compacted grainy materials with draining properties. |
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Compound for road surface dressing Compound for road surface dressing includes oil sludge and flue ash cenospheres of central heating and power plants with the following ratio of wt, %: oil sludge - 20-80; flue ash cenospheres - 80-20. |
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Flexible strengthening tape used to reinforce soil structures Flexible strengthening tape substantially with permanent thickness "e" is designed for use in reinforced soil structures comprises a central part, made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibres, the specified section stretches longitudinally to withstand the stretching force, and also at least one side section of alternating width, comprising multiple segments arranged continuously along the central section. |
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Method for stabilisation of soil or foundation Method consists in treatment of the latter by a stabiliser containing latex polymer, which is applied mixed with water. Treatment of soil or foundation is carried out by introduction of the stabiliser by means of a cutter by the cutting method as the stabiliser is mixed with ground or foundation. The latex polymer is represented by latexes from the group that includes sterol-butadiene latex, (meth)acrylate latex, ethylene-vinyl acetate latex, ethylene/propylene latex, ethylene/propylene-dimer latex, butadiene-acrylonitrile latex, silicon latex, polybutadiene latex, latex from natural rubber or mixture of two or several of the specified latexes. The stabiliser additionally comprises a thickener based on cellulose, a defoaming agent selected from the group including silicons, glycol ethers, natural fats or oils and fatty alcohols, and also at least one chloride or at least one hydroxide of alkaline or earth metal, besides, the stabiliser has the following composition (wt %); 0.1 - 50 latex polymer, 0.05 - 5 thickener, up to 5 defoaming agent, 0.01 - 10 chloride or hydroxide of alkaline or earth metal, residue to 100 - water. |
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Method to erect road surfacing Method to erect road surfacing includes grinding of soil - road base, introduction of a binder into the ground soil, compaction of the produced mixture and soaking of the compacted mixture on air under natural conditions. The soil is ground for the depth of 10-30 cm, the aqueous solution of 0.12-0.30% technical lignosulfonate is introduced into the ground soil by means of watering with the solution volume of 3-6 l/m2 of the soil surface, the moistened soil is compacted by a mechanised roller with weight of 25-40 t in 10-15 stages, soaking of the compacted mixture on air at 18-25°C for 3-5 days until soil moisture of 7-9%. Then hydraulic protection is arranged in the form of a double-layer asphalt concrete coating: the first layer with thickness of 7-8 cm from asphalt concrete with crushed stone content of not more than 40% is compacted with a smooth drum roller with weight of 10-18 t (8-10 stages), the second layer from asphalt sand concrete with thickness of 5-8 cm with subsequent compaction with a smooth drum roller with weight of 10-18 t (8-10 stages). |
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Method to construct and strengthen motor roads Method to construct and strengthen motor roads includes development of a multi-layer heterogeneous structure of a road surface by means of preparation of an underlying surface: installation of reinforcement in the road bed, pouring of concrete onto reinforcement, cover with the road mesh, fixation of the road mesh and the reinforcement, covering with asphalt concrete. The underlying surface is tilled with a plough with a plough point, harrowed, stubble is removed, the earth bed of the road surface is compacted, the earth bed of the road surface is profiled along tracks and at the edges of the road surface, the tracks are rolled by depth, which is more by at least 30% than the common thickness of the concrete layer of the surface, and at the edges of the road surface a rolled strip is arranged with depth for the half of the common thickness of the concrete layer of the surface. Then reinforcement is laid into track and edge strips of grooves in the earth bed of the road surface. Afterwards the reinforcement is placed on top along the entire width of the road surface and is fixed to reinforcement in track and edge grooves, concrete is poured, afterwards onto loops of the installed reinforcement that protrude above the concrete by 2/3 of the asphalt concrete layer thickness the road mesh is fixed, then porous asphalt concrete is laid onto the road mesh, rolled with light rollers, sealed with penetrating hydrophobic compounds, and high-strength and wear-resistant asphalt concrete is laid. |
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Method to construct motor roads and motor road design Method to construct motor roads includes erection of trenches and water drainage devices, preparation of a soil earth bed, erection of an underlying layer and a road surface, at the same time the main layer is arranged between the underlying layer and the road surface, and the soil earth bed is prepared by its levelling with coating by a binding additive and its further rolling, and if there is no soil earth bed, it is previously formed by means of application of a mixture of sand, ash slags and/or wastes of coal production, water and a binding additive, and the underlying layer is formed from a mixture of cement, sand, filler of fine fraction or clay or fine gravel, or wastes of heat power plants, water, binding additive, which is laid, levelled and compacted, then the binding additive is either sprayed or sprinkled, with further compaction of needle rollers to density of at least 1600 kg/m3, and the main layer of the road surface is formed from natural gravel, sand and/or sand clays, stabilisers in the form of cement, and/or lime, and/or bitumen, and/or asphalt concrete and binding additive. Also motor road design is described. |
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Method to erect road pavement of highways Method to erect a road pavement of highways provides for installation of a geogrid on the prepared road surface, its filling with a filler and asphalting. The filler is a mixture made of oil slurry and microspheres with cracks of flue ash from a TPP. The ratio of the components is as follows, wt %: oil slurry - 60÷80; cenospheres - 40÷20. The height of the geogrid and size of its cells is selected depending on mixture consistency, climatic conditions and condition of road surface base. |
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Method to control heat insulation of swamp beds of ice roads before flattening Method to control heat insulation of swamp beds of ice roads before flattening, including filling of the ice road bed with the heat-conductive layer. The specified layer is snow mass, which is shovelled into rolls from the swamp surface that surrounds the ice road base, and then from the formed rolls it is thrown onto the ice road bed until the required thickness of 20-50 cm is achieved for the appropriate heat insulation. |
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Device for preparation of foundations of ice roads on dried swamps Device comprises mobile facilities, where equipment is installed for realisation of the process of ice road foundations moistening on dried swamps. On the first mobile facility there is a power plant with a fuel reservoir and a pump for water intake from pre-drilled wells equipped with heat insulated casing pipes with a thread. The pump is connected with an accumulator-heater by means of a hose, the drum for which is arranged on the second mobile facility. The hose is connected with combs - distributors for distribution of water installed on the third mobile facility. |
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Mechanised method to lay geosynthetic materials (geotextile and volume grating) into road structure Geomaterials - geotextile and volume grating are stretched onto an area of an earth bed prepared for development with a traction force of a special road machine. Geomaterials are taken from those available on the machine or on upkeep device platforms coupled with it. Besides, the volume grating is installed above geotextile and transformed into a cellular volume structure, which at the start section is fixed to soil with several time anchor stands. Then it is immediately filled, levelled and compacted to avoid displacement with a material specified by the project (sand, sand and gravel mixture, crushed stone, etc.) from the one available on the machine or a hopper coupled with it. |
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Method of making pavement structural layer based on ashes of effluents sediments combustion Method of making pavement structural layer consists in mixing 30-70 wt % of ash of effluents sediments combustion with natural sand with particle size of 0-5 mm (the rest), 6-10 wt % of mineral binder, M400-grade cement or fine burnt lime with activity of, at least, 60 wt % of CaO and MgO. Mineral mix is damped with water. Said mix is mixed with 4-8 wt % of liquid bitumen "СГ" 90/130 cutback in 1:1 ratio and compacted at 30 MPa. |
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Method to protect marine terraces, coastal slopes against wind and water erosion Mosaic hardening of damaged sections 2 of blanket deposits 1 is done with low-grade oil. Strengthened sections 2 are additionally fixed to lower layers with hollow anchors 3 from a thermally oxidated soil. Cavities 4 of anchors 3 are filled with substances that are biologically acceptable for reclamation works, seeds of perennial herbs, plant seedlings 5. Along the perimetre of each section 2 snow-retaining borders 6 are erected from a thermally oxidated soil. |
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Innovative spatially polymer grid (versions) Innovative spatially polymer grid (ISPG) is designed to reinforce building structures and to strengthen weak bases of industrial and civil structures, as well as slopes of coastal lines and water reservoir beds. ISPG may find application when erecting aerodromes, road surfaces, strengthening slopes, arranging retaining walls and in other versions of usage in oil and gas, transport, hydraulic engineering sectors of construction, which require high and stable strength and durability indices of erected structures. A spatially polymer grid (SPG) with a cellular structure for stabilisation and reinforcement of soil surface, arranged from flexible strips, preferably from a low pressure polyethylene, arranged in several rows and joined to each other in a staggered order along the length of strips with the possibility to form a cellular structure as strips are stretched in a direction normal to their surface, and such structure will differ by the fact that strips are equipped with drain holes in the form of extended rectangles with semicircumferences on short sides, and besides, the strips are reinforced in a longitudinal direction by aramid or carbon threads at the following ratio of components in wt %: Aramide or carbon thread - 0.2-3, Low pressure polyethylene - balance. |
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Method to repair road sections from pulverescent, watered soils Method of repairing road sections from pulverescent, watered soils relates to repair of roads, takeoff and landing strips from water-logged, pulverescent soils, and may be used in northern regions characterised by availability of soils with deep seasonal freezing or permafrost soils, high levels of ground waters, arrangement of road works preferably in summer periods of the year. The invention provides for reinforcement of pulverescent watered soils with "heavy" oil while maintaining industrial and environmental safety of developed routes and adjacent natural facilities. When repairing the roads after melting of an earthfill, subsidence of a gravel layer, an asphalt concrete (concrete) cover, using a portable drilling rig, wells are tunnelled with depth of 0.7…1.2 m, diameter of 63…108 mm. Low-viscosity "heavy" oil is injected into wells under pressure exceeding the regular one by 20…80%, gravel is added, and the asphalt concrete cover is restored. When repairing road sections damaged by frost heaving (heaving mounds), using a portable drilling rig, wells are tunnelled with the depth exceeding seasonal freezing of road earth fill soils. Then heated oil is injected into wells under excessive pressure, and the gravel layer is restored, as well as the asphalt concrete cover. |
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Method to strengthen loose natural base for erection of road earth bed Invention relates to construction of earth works erected on loose natural bases, including a road earth bed, preferably for a railway or a motor road. The method to strengthen a loose natural base to erect a road earth bed on collapsing soils of high capacity includes arrangement of a reinforcement device in a loose base soil in the form of ground piles, every of which represents a protective shell filled with a draining material, and subsequent surface vibratory compaction in a controlled mode with filling of sand or sand and gravel mixture between piles into a pile-to-pile space reinforced with a textile fabric, besides, control of the vibratory compaction mode by variation of vibration load parameters is carried out depending on condition of deformation and strength characteristics of a compacted soil determined as a result of systematic calculation of a soil safety coefficient, and monitoring stresses in the pile-to-pile space from vertical loads that occur in process of vibratory compaction and horizontal load that occur as soil piles expand in a protective shell. To speed up consolidation of the base soil and reduce time of soil subsidence in process of surface vibratory compaction of the pile-to-pile space, the vibration load parameters are varied until the soil safety coefficient reaches the maximum possible value of load against the base, and are maintained at a level permissible by the safety coefficient value. |
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Method to speed up freezing of bases for ice roads Method includes cleaning of marsh surface that has previously frozen at the depth of more than 10 cm from snow, kneading to squeeze out air bubbles and two adjacent strips for drilling of holes, water intake through drilled holes, distribution of this water along the entire surface of cleaned and kneaded base for an ice road. |
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Method to erect a road base includes application of oil slime onto an earth bed, rolling the earth bead together with the oil slime, application of the second layer and its rolling. Prior to application of the oil slime onto the earth bed, the oil slime is heated up to 90-95°C and is maintained at this temperature for 15 minutes. The second layer, which is a mixture of crushed stone and/or gravel, sand and oil slime, is exposed to stepped temperature treatment at air pressure of 0.103-0.107 MPa at the first stage to the temperature of 90-95°C, at the second stage - to the temperature of 110-130°C with maintenance at each stage for 15 minutes. The first layer is laid onto the earth bed with height of 3-5 cm, and the second layer has height of 5-8 cm at the following mass ratio of components, wt %: sand 15-21; oil slime 8-11; crushed stone and/or gravel up to 100. |
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Composite material for use both in road engineering as construction material with high strength and resistance to water and wind erosion, and as soil, and includes drilling waste, foamed and solidified formaldehyde resin, mineral filler, burnt drilling waste, calcium-containing additive and/or sodium-containing additive, besides, mineral filler is mineral filler selected from the group, containing sand and/or crushed granite, besides, it additionally contains peat, double superphosphate and carbamide resin, bacteriological preparation, consisting of hydrocarbon-oxidising bacteria, and bacteriological preparation, consisting of hydrocarbon-oxidising bacteria, is a consortium of microorganisms ARTHROBACTER OXYDANS and PSEUDOMONAS PUTIDA. |
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Road surface structure including base made of overconsolidated soil with consolidation ratio Kc=1.02-1.03 with support layer made of compacted crushed stone on each side by width of 40-50 cm and double-layer coating along whole width of motor road traffic surface, in which base in cross section is arranged in the form of trapezoid, lower side of which is equal to width of traffic surface, and upper side is narrower than traffic surface by 20-25 cm, with arrangement of support layer of triangular shape with top located near trapezoid base. |
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Honeycomb structure of road bed In motor road that comprises road bed structure with roadsides, slopes, longitudinal and transverse trenches arranged in road bed and filled with loose material, longitudinal trenches additionally contain vertical reinforcing elements with frequency of transverse trenches pitch, at the same time longitudinal and transverse trenches are arranged with depth that is more than depth of frost penetration, trenches are filled with discrete reinforcing material, for instance, tree branches straw, etc., are poured for 90%…95% of binding composition depth, for instance, clay-sand one, on top of which continuous horizontal elements are laid, being fixed to each other in crossings of trenches, for instance polypropylene tapes and trenches are topped-up with binding composition, besides horizontal longitudinal and transverse reinforcing elements are fixed with vertical reinforcing elements, and transverse reinforcing elements are stretched, which provides for compression tension in surface layer. |
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Method for strengthening of road foundation bed Invention relates to the field of construction technologies, namely to technologies for strengthening of foundation beds of various industrial objects: motor roads, industrial sites, etc. Method for strengthening of road foundation bed on the basis of passing impulse sign-changing direct current via a layer of rammed and moistened mixture of ground soil with inorganic chemical additives that improve its preferably alkaline component with further maintenance of strengthened foundation for stabilisation of strength characteristics with periodical moistening of surface with water for protection against drying up, in which prior to passing of pulse sign-changing direct current at least two layers of mixture are formed of above-mentioned type, using principle of reducing weight portion of chemical inorganic additives in mixture from upper layer to the lower one. |
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Reinforced ground for arrangement of motor road carpets and crossing type surfaces foundations Reinforced ground for arrangement of motor road carpet and crossing type surface foundations contains sand or sandy-loam soil, high-calcium flue ash and water. Soil additionally contains ferric chloride and polymer-containing solution - waste of car tyre making. Solution includes rubber in the form of latex DMVP-10H in amount of 7 wt % and rubber in the form of latex SKD 1S in amount of 7 wt %. With the following ratio of components, wt %: sand or sandy-loam soil - 75-77, high-calcium flue ash - 14-16, ferric chloride - 0.13-0.20, specified polymer-containing solution - 0.12-0.17, water - the rest. |
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Road reconstruction and strengthening method Invention refers to road construction industry and can be used for reconstruction and repair of roads. Road reconstruction and strengthening method involves introduction of strengthening, reinforcing and binding elements to road. In road sections with heavy brake application (crossroads, public transport stops) there made are grooves in road pavement; after that, guide channels are drilled and filled with strengthening elements with fastening anchors. Road grid is arranged on groove bottom, fixed with anchors, then, the second road grid is laid, embedded in lean concrete and fixed with anchors; after that, layers of asphalt concrete are laid, and on the last but one asphalt concrete layer there put is radial, longitudinal and circumferential reinforcing elements, they are fixed to each other, and radial and longitudinal ones are tightened with anchors; after that, they are also covered with asphalt. |
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Method of uniformity increasing by durability of soil cement Method is in blending of at least 92% ground and 8% of cement by mass and implemented in following succession: in preliminary blending at least 3/5 parts of strengthened ground with water in amount 40-50% from total amount of water and with cement in amount 20-50% from total amount of cement; aging of mixture on air during 20-60 min.; blending of this mixture with mixture of rest components. Strengthened ground mass at first is divided for two parts in ratio "golden section" 0.67 and 0.33; then each part is separately blended with 50% of accepted cement mass, and received two mixtures by means of blending are united into common mass; after that received mixture is blended with specified amount of water, after what finished mixture is aged on air during 20-60 minute before piling and compaction of it into basis of road pavement. |
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Method for reinforcement of foundation bed under coupling unit of motor road precast surface Invention is related to method for local reinforcement of foundation bed under coupling unit of precast surfacing on motor roads made of reinforced concrete slabs, which experience high stresses from action of heavy vehicle wheels. |
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In a highway, road bed design whereof provides for waysides, slopes, based in the road bed by longitudinal ditches filled up with bulk material, there are additionally introduced cross ditches, whereat longitudinal ditches are made along the road periphery and along the treadway lines, depth whereof is more than depth of freezing, and cross ditches with an increment increasing proportional to the transport load; ditches are filled up with discrete reinforcing material, for example, branches of trees, straw, etc and poured over by 90%…95% of the depth with binding composition, for example, clay-sand, with continuous fastened against each other in ditches cross hairs reinforcing elements placed thereon, for example polypropylene strips poured over with binding composition, provided that longitudinal reinforcing elements are strained ensuring compression stress in the surface layer. |
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Ash- and mineral composition used for roadbeds Invention refers to construction industry, and namely to ash- and mineral compositions used for roadbeds, and can be used in road construction industry. Ash- and mineral mixture consists of sand with particle size of up to 3 mm and crushed stone screenings with particle size of up to 10 mm, which are used as filler; ash obtained from burnt sewage sludge with specific surface area of 200-300 m2/kg, with bulk density of 0.7-0.8 g/m3, SiO2 - 50-60%, and pH 12-13.5, is used as ash, and bitumen and cement are used as bonding agents. Component ratio is as follows, wt %: sand with particle size of up to 3 mm - 10-18; crushed stone screenings with particle size of up 10 mm - 10-15; ash obtained from burnt sewage sludge - 35-55; oil road bitumen - 5-10; portland cement not less than 400 - 6-12; and water - 15-20% of mixture mass. |
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Method of protective coating application Invention is related to disposal of oil production wastes and may be used in construction and operation of oil and gas pipelines, roads, major power supply systems and high voltage power lines as coating. Method of protective coating application includes application of astringent agent on soil surface with further drying at temperature of at least 20°C. As astringent material oil production wastes are used that contain oil in amount of 35-60%, water in amount of 15-25% and remaining is hard inclusions. Application of oil production wastes on soil surface is carried out layerwise, at that number of layers makes at least 5 and thickness of every layer is at least 1 mm. At that drying of every applied layer of oil production wastes continues for at least 6 hours. |
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Method involves mixing drilling mud with previously foamed and hardened carbamide and/or formaldehyde resin; additionally introducing calcium containing and organic additives and following mixing thereof with cement and oxides. The components are taken in the following amounts (% by weight): drilling mud - 30-50, carbamide and/or formaldehyde resin 2-5, calcium containing additives - 2-3, organic additives - 1-10, cement - 3-5, remainder is oxides. |
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Road paving construction method Method involves laying combined crack-stopping layer on road base, wherein the crack-stopping layer comprises elastic membrane and reinforcing geo-mesh laid thereon; laying load-bearing layer formed of asphalt-concrete mix onto crack-stopping layer. Combined crack-stopping layer is arranged on previously prepared road base. Road base preparation involves dividing road bed into several components, for instance blocks or fragments; compacting the blocks or fragments and placing ground layer thereon. The elastic membrane is leveling asphalt-concrete mix including organic binding agent. Binding agent composition is selected from minimal ambient temperature of road building site. Reinforcing geo-mesh material is selected to provide high extension strength and low deformation ability. Several variants of road paving creation method are also disclosed. |
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Combined method for ground road bed dehumidification during road construction Method for ground road bed dehumidification involves uniformly removing moisture from ground by-passing water conversion from one state into another without water evaporation; decreasing process duration due to increased intensity of continuous moisture reduction. Ground is simultaneously subjected to continuous air flow from air side without ground excavation, to electromagnetic field with ultrahigh frequency to be provided with the use of waveguide path via antennas and to acoustic field having sound intensity of not less than 145 dB. The antennas are of slotted-guide type. |
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Road base includes compacted ground enclosed with shell including ground consolidated with binding material. The compacted ground is granular material. The shell is made by said granular material consolidation. The granular material is consolidated by hardening composition pressing in said granular material. The hardening composition has heat-conductivity coefficient less than that of granular material. H2/(H1+H3)-1≥2D, where H1 is upper shell layer thickness, cm; H2 non-consolidated granular material layer thickness, cm; H3 is lower shell layer thickness, cm; D is maximal size of the largest granular material particle, cm. |
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Paving comprises bed of overconsolidated soil having compacting factor Kc=1.02-1.02 and double asphalt concrete covering. Bed has width 20-25 cm narrower than that of paving from each paving side and is provided with bearing compacted crushed stone layer having width of 40-50 cm and arranged from each paving side. The crushed stone layer extends for the full bed depth. Double asphalt concrete covering spans the full paving width. |
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Plastic netting comprises oriented strips 6, 9, which form triangular cells so that strips are connected with each other in connection points 11. Six strips 6, 9 converge at each connection point 11. Plastic source material has orifices defining hexagon grid array so that opposite orifices of each hexagon are aligned in processing direction. Source material is preliminarily expanded in processing direction and in transversal direction. Ready ground consolidation netting 10 has hexagon centers, which create connection points 11. Connection point 11 centers are slightly biaxially oriented, but edge of each strip 6, 9 extends about corresponding connection point 11 edge and passes into next strip 6, 9 edge at connection point 11 edges. During the second expanding operation retaining force may be applied in the first direction and released before provision of material relaxing in the second expanding direction. |
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Proposed building material contains drilling the sludge at density of 1.3-1.8 kg/dm3, cement (preferably grade M400 D20 suitable for use at temperature of from minus 30 to plus 40C), 10-20% of volume of drilling sludge; carbamide-formaldehyde foam plastic at density of 10-30 kg/m3, 10-25% of volume of drilling sludge and mineral filler (sand, ground granite) at size of particles of 2.7-3.1 mm, 10-20% of volume of drilling sludge. Building material contains additionally calcium chloride in the amount of 2.0% of drilling sludge volume. Composition of drilling sludge is described in invention. |
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Ground mix comprises oil-containing waste, mineral binding agent and additive. The oil-containing waste is oil-contaminated ground. The mineral binding agent is Portland cement. The additive is powder industrial lignosulphonate. The components are taken in the following amounts (% by weight): oil-contaminated ground - 79.60-85.72; Portland cement - 14-20 and powder industrial lignosulphonate - 0.28-0.4. |
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Method for road building across peatbog (variants) Method involves forming ground embankment in layers, wherein ground for each layer is delivered to elongated building site by transport, which moves in technological flow direction. Empty transport returns in direction opposite to technological flow. Ground is laid on base, leveled and compacted by building equipment. The embankment body is serially carried out in sections, wherein before each embankment layer forming in each section building sire is divided into longitudinal strips, wherein the strips are alternated in each layer. In accordance with the first variant (in summer period when ground is laid on non-frozen peat cover) the building site is divided into three strips, the first layer is formed from two extreme strips and central strip is formed in advance of extreme ones so that length of central strip exceeds that of extreme ones for value of not less than 2.5bcr. Strips are alternated during next layers forming. |
Another patent 2528593.