Method of simultaneous planting of grain and leguminous crops. RU patent 2512009.
| Method of increase in resistance of husky and huskless oats to thrips / 2511244 Invention relates to the field of agriculture. The method includes optimizing of nutrition area. At that planting of varieties of oats is carried out on autumn fallow using row seeding. Crop protection is carried out by effective planting of oats variety Talisman with the seeding rate of 5.0-6.0 million sprouting grains/ha, variety Sayan with the seeding rate of 3.0 million sprouting grains/ha, and the variety Tyumen huskless with the seeding rate of 3.5 million sprouting grains/ha. |
| Method of increase in resistance of husky and huskless oats to intrastem pests / 2511241 Invention relates to the field of agriculture. The method includes optimizing of nutrition area with planting of varieties of oats on autumn fallow using row seeding. Crop protection is carried out by effective planting of oats variety Talisman with the seeding rate of 3.0-4.0 million sprouting grains/ha, variety Sayan with the seeding rate of 5.0-6.5 million sprouting grains/ha, and the variety Tyumen huskless with the seeding rate of 3.0-4.5 million sprouting grains/ha. |
 Device for planting grain crop seeds / 2511237Device for planting grain crop seeds comprises a housing in which a furrow-forming device is mounted, and a drill tube. The furrow-forming device is made in the form of two circular blades having a cutting edge, mounted on bearings parallel to the direction of movement. The blades on both sides are provided with furrow-forming plates of a polymeric material. The plates are attached to the blades with bolted-type connection. |
 Band-widespread method of sowing seeds of agricultural crops and device for its implementation / 2506735Invention relates to agriculture, and is intended to improve meadows and grasslands. The band-widespread method of sowing is that sowing seeds is carried out in rows on the ground. Then the layer of soil with the seeds is trimmed. The trimmed layer is directed for grinding and the mixture of soil, seeds and fertiliser is spread on the field surface. At that the crushed soil is formed in the directed flow, which sucks the seeds and fertilisers, and then this mixed flow is laid in the prepared sowing band. The device for band-widespread sowing comprises a frame, seed boxes and rotary spreader. The device is also provided with a symmetric oval plow. The rotary spreader is provided with a guide of the flow on which the seed box is mounted with a sliding gate. The guide of the flow has a rotatory device and a retainer. |
 Method of non-contact vibro-application of seeds and fertilisers and device for its implementation / 2503165Method comprises treating the soil and application of seeds and mineral fertilisers. Both layers of the soil between the fertilisers and the seeds and between the seeds and the surface of the field are rolled down simultaneously at different depths and with different soil compaction under impact of corresponding coordinated modes of oscillation frequency of each of the vibratory system rollers. The method is carried out with a device that comprises a hopper, fertiliser hoses and seed-ducts for fertiliser and seed application, and rollers. The soil treatment is carried out by extirpatory hoe. The rollers have different diameters and are interconnected by the lever with different arms. The latter is mounted on the pivot of the hydraulic vibrating machine with the ability of its adjustment. The fertiliser hoses are mounted in front of and below the roller of small diameter, packing the bed for the seeds. The seed-ducts are located behind the small diameter roller of the vibro-system to provide seeding of the required dose of material directly to the seedbed. The roller of the larger diameter is mounted on the surface of the field with the ability of compacting. |
 Device for uniform broadband planting seeds of vegetable crops / 2501204Device for uniform broadband sowing seeds of vegetable crops comprises a scraper bar, a sowing unit of papilionaceous type, a tubular stand-drill tube, an active diffuser in the form of a plate, and a drive mechanism to oscillating motion of the diffuser. The wedged scraper bar consists of flat blades interconnected at an angle smaller than the friction angle of the plant residues, and equipped with soil-deflectors. The soil-deflectors are made in the form of rectangular plates connected to the rear edge of blades at right angles. At that the device is equipped with a covering machine. The diffusing plate oscillating horizontally is made in the form of a perforated sector and is located in the free zone between the scraper bar and the covering machine. The covering machine is made in the form of two triangular plates mounted at an angle against the motion, which is less than the angle of friction of the soil against the plates. |
 Method of planting soyabeans on ridges and device for its implementation / 2497339Method of planting comprises cutting the old ridge lengthwise, formation of a new ridge on the site of furrow with simultaneous application of fertilisers, seeds embedding into the ridge. Embedding seeds in the ridge is carried out at a depth "B" 1.5-2 times exceeding the depth "C" predetermined by the agronomic requirements. After embedding the seeds, top of the ridge is compacted and leveled, bringing the depth "B" of the seeds embedding to the depth "C" predetermined by the agronomic requirements. The method is implemented with a ridger-seeder which comprises a beam 1 with the anvil wheel 10 and the actuator 9. The fertiliser sowing unit 2, a seed box 3 sowing machine 4, shares 5 with discs 6 are mounted on the beam. Between the discs 6 a keel-shaped seal 7 of the furrow bottom is mounted, which working surface has an anti-friction coating, and a seed-duct 8. The lower end of the latter is placed in the soil abscission zone behind the discs 6, behind which the leveling rollers 14 are also located. In front of the discs 6 of the shares 5 a ridge former 11 is mounted in the form of a spud housing 12 with the rotary knife 13. The working surface of the leveling roller in the longitudinal section is made by hypocycloid , where: R is radius of the director circle; r is radius of the generating circle; φ is angle of rotation of the generating circle. |
 Method of planting of cereal crops in soil crust under conditions of wind erosion / 2496292Invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, to soil erosion. The method includes mouldboard processing of complete fallow for accumulation of moisture, nutrients and for weed control, compacting in autumn after rains for formation of a soil crust, destruction of the crust and pre-plant soil loosening under it in the form of bands in spring of next year, with the formation of furrows for seeds in the loosened soil, formation at the bottom of the furrow on virgin soil of compacted bed, sowing seeds and their embedding by loosened soil layer. The destruction of the crust and pre-sowing loosening of the surface layer of the soil is carried out as bands to a depth of not more than 5 cm while maintaining of the crust between rows that protects the soil from wind erosion to complete germination. |
 Method of sowing tilled crops / 2494595Method of sowing seeds of tilled crops lies in the fact that the soil is first opened by cutting it off with the A-hoe blade to the base depth to form soil rollers on both sides along the row. Then the soil is compacted with simultaneous formation of the furrow with the compressed bottom and walls to the depth of sowing. The seeds are placed in the furrow. The soil rollers are displaced from both sides to the furrow. The upper layer of the soil is finally compacted for better contact with the seeds. |
 Sowing machine / 2494594Sowing machine comprises a group rotary drive, plurality of seed dispensers for dispensing seeds based on a rotary input motion, flexible drive shafts extending from the group rotary drive to the individual seed dispensers. The group rotary drive is connected to the first reducers with flexible drive shafts. The second reducers connect the flexible drive shafts with the seed dispensers. The sowing machine also has couplers for selective coupling the group rotary drive with the seed dispensers, and the couplers are built in the first or second reducer for each seed dispenser. |
| Method for cultivation of soya for seed under clearly defined continental climate conditions / 2244394 Method involves sowing sorts of soya with different ripening time; simultaneously sowing sorts of soya of at least four different ripening time in adjacent rows, with early ripening sorts being combined with late ripening sorts; setting seeding norm for early ripening sorts of soya in the range of 600,000-650,000 pieces/hectare and for late ripening sorts of soya in the range of 400,000-450,000 pieces/hectare. |
 Combined seeding unit / 2245607Combined apparatus has tractor, hopper adapted for seeds and fertilizers and equipped with seeding units, seed guides, shanks, covering device and covering roller. Apparatus is further equipped with rollers arranged in succession and kinematically connected with one another. Shanks are made in the form of soil deforming devices pivotally fixed on roller surface in staggered arrangement. Each of soil deforming devices is made in the form of rod mounted in receptacle. One end of rod has thickened portion formed as truncated cone joined with rod through spherical layer on larger base of truncated cone. Other end of rod is equipped with threaded shank and receptacle belt, onto which fastening members and seat are mounted. Fastening members and seat are joined with compression spring located in receptacle of soil deforming device, which is made in the form of hollow cylinder with bottom. Axis of symmetry of receptacle is deviated by angle of 20-35 deg from roller radius in direction opposite to rolling direction of roller. Bottom part of receptacle made in the form of hollow cylinder extends above roller hosing surface. Roller has guides made in the form of pipes arranged in equally spaced relation in mounting disks of roller housing. At least one point on surface of each guide is aligned with point lying on inner surface of disk. Outer mounting disks of roller housing are joined with mounting rings of ballast cylinders by means of fastening devices and dismantling devices. One end of cylinder has pin. Covering devices are fixed on roller second with respect to course of advancement of apparatus. |
 Sowing unit / 2245608Invention relates to sowing machinery used mainly for sowing seeds of grass, shrubs and sushrubs on noncultivated land areas, for instance, on devastated pastures and meadows with native grass stand, i.e. pod-bearing plants, (including common licorice), meadow grasses, their mixtures, shrubs and subshrubs. Proposed sowing unit contains tractor, hopper for seeds and fertilizers with seed-sowing mechanisms, seed tubes, colters, closers and covering roll. Unit is furnished with tandem-mounted and mechanically connected rolls. Front roll in direction of movement of sowing unit plays the part of colter group. Colters are made in form of soil cutting tool secured on surface of front roll in direction of movement and installed over perimeter of roll at equal angular pitch, being displaced through half of pitch in adjacent rows. Each soil cutting tool is placed in socket for re-adjustment and demounting. Socket is made in form of hollow cylinder. Axis of symmetry of each socket is displaced from radial direction of its rolling through angle of 15-35o. Soil cutting tool is locked in socket by dowel installed in coaxial holes of socket and soil cutting tool. Holes in socket are made parallel to roll generating surface. Each soil cutting tool is essentially stepped trunnion. Group of holes for re-setting in socket is made in trunnion of smaller diameter in soil cutting tool. End face of detachable trunnion is provided with ring cutting edge and conical cavity. Seed tubes in seed and fertilizer hopper are located in section line of soil cutting tool on surface of front roll. Closers are secured on second roll in direction of movement. |
 Sod drill / 2250582Sod drill has frame bearing rotavator section with disks, on which working tools configured as knives are secured. Rotavator section has sod tillage depth adjusting mechanism and is covered with housing. Said parts are mounted on frame in succession. Seed and fertilizer guides, seed and fertilizer boxes with seeding units and covering rollers are positioned in rear part of housing. Slitters-stone deflectors made in the form of knife colters are mounted on frame. Resilient members-stone deflectors are positioned on knife colters at an angle with respect to direction of advancement, said angle not exceeding friction angle between surfaces of resilient members and stones. Resilient members-stone deflectors are made in the form of continuous or rod-type moldboards, with height of arrangement of moldboards in vertical plane being adjustable. Rotavator section disks project beyond cutting edges of knifes and follow with their projecting part tracks of slitters-stone deflectors. |
| Method for cultivation of winter wheat / 2250590 Method involves providing in-crop sowing under autumn cereal crop; providing care of young crops and harvesting. In-crop sowing of winter wheat is carried out simultaneously with sowing of autumn wheat in single row. In order to provide it, half the seeding norm of winter wheat seeds is mixed with half the seeding norm of autumn wheat seeds in the ratio of 1:1. After harvesting of cover autumn wheat crop, winter wheat plants are fed with phosphate-potassium fertilizer. |
 Method for cultivation of cereal crops / 2250591Method involves providing presowing soil cultivation; applying fertilizer such as compost; sowing seeds; providing care of young crops. Fertilizer application and seeding procedures are provided simultaneously, with preliminarily prepared multipurpose seed and compost mixture being introduced into soil at weight ratio of components of 1:20, respectively. Multipurpose seed and compost mixture is prepared by mixing components with following holding of seeds at room temperature for 24 hours. |
 Sowing unit / 2251238Invention can be used for tilling and sowing. Proposed unit has frame, wheels, rotary tool and openers. Working elements of rotary tool are made with displacement of center of their masses to end of working elements. Thanks to it impulse action onto upper plane of soil layer is provided at frequency multiple of standing wave frequency in point of contact with soil layer. Tips with cheeks are fastened on openers to travel in vertical plane. |
 Method for sowing on slopes / 2251239Method involves providing furrows and sowing seeds therein, with following embedding of sown seeds by transferring soil from adjacent intermittent furrows; providing sowing transverse to slope so as to form soil roll above sown ridge, with intermittent furrows being also formed transverse to slope; simultaneously providing slots arranged vertically and axially of adjacent furrows along the entire length of furrow and in spacings intermediate thereof, with slot pitch being equal in size to that of spacing so that total volume of furrows and slots be equal to average month precipitation in the given region minus average infiltration for the same period. |
| Method for cultivation of soya / 2251833 Method involves joint sowing of soya in alternation with other crops, with spacing between rows making 45, 60, 70 cm; using herbicides; providing interrow cultivation and harvesting yield by means of combines; providing soya crop rows in alternation with yellow lupine crop, with seeds of said crops being used in the ratio of 1:1. |
 Method for cultivation of leguminous-bluegrass mixtures / 2252523Method involves providing, before ameliorative soil cultivation, technological irrigation, stubble shelling, mellowing, moldboard plowing by means of skim colters, early spring harrowing, presowing cultivation to predetermined depth, covering before and after sowing. Leguminous and bluegrass mixtures are sown by coverless sowing method in parallel alternating rows with 0.12-0.15 m spacings. Optimal ratio of leguminous grass and bluegrass crops is 60% and 55%, respectively, relative to predetermined sowing norms of single-type crops and depending on sowing depth. Mineral feeding mode is kept by applying into plow layer of phosphate-potassium fertilizers at design doses providing three-year usage of herbage, and nitrogenous fertilizer at fractional differentiated doses depending on mowing state. Irrigation mode is supported by irrigation at the end of September and at the beginning of October at irrigation norm of 600-700 m3/hectare. Plant care on sown grass mixtures is provided by harrowing after each mowing procedure and by slitting to 0.4-05 m depth in autumn each year. Green mass is harvested during heading phase of bluegrass and during budding-flowering phase of leguminous grasses. |
FIELD: agriculture.
SUBSTANCE: method of planting comprises the band alternate strip planting of grain and leguminous crops. The odd strips (bands) are planted with grain crops. The even strips are planted with peas. Planting of seeds of each culture is carried out from separate hoppers with the regulation of depth of seeding down of each culture.
EFFECT: invention enables to accelerate ripening of the crops, to increase resistance to lodging and crop yields while preserving energy consumption of production.
3 dwg
The invention relates to the agricultural machinery industry, in particular to the means for soil treatment and sowing grain crops. Closest to the claimed invention is a method of crops of grain crops (Patent RU №2235451 published 10.09.2004).
The main disadvantage of this method is that on the littered soils nezamenimye bars may get covered with weeds, which may require, in particular, additional costs, and chemical weeding. In addition, it is impossible to mix the seeds of various crops in the right proportions. When different specific weight is their separation in the bunker during the planting.
Also known method of sowing Osinskogo I.E. empty-dense" ("New agriculture" - Novosibirsk, 2003), which requires additional inter-row cultivation (milestone bands).
Lecithin supporting culture Osinskomu (belt width 30 cm) increases yields, early maturation and the prevention of lodging.
Method of planting leguminous crops in the pure state (for example peas) leads to a significant lodging, which in turn requires the use of legumes reapers and separate cleaning, which leads to substantial losses.
Joint planting supportive culture (such as oats and peas results, as mentioned above, to stratification mixture of seeds in the bunker. In addition, the depth of peas must be 1.5 cm greater than oats.
The main problem solved declared by the way, is the exact dosage of the norm of seeding of seeds of different cultures and different depth of their termination at sowing.
The known method of sowing long varieties of peas patent RU №2120719 published 27.10.1998 where the planting of peas and grains produce alternating stripes in the ratio 9:2, taken as a prototype. This method adjusts the only lodging of peas in the transverse direction to sowing, but does not exclude separate cleaning with the use of legumes reapers. In addition, the separation of seed box according to the scheme of planting requires additional cost of conversions, but does not allow you to install the application rate separately for each kind of seed, there is no possibility to set optimal depth for different seeds.
The technical result of the invention are: improving the quality of the planting season due to optimal depth of seal of different cultures, resistance to lodging, acceleration and simultaneous ripening, increased yields, increase of soil fertility while saving energy and the cost of grain production.
The technical result of the proposed method is achieved by well-known till sowing machine (patent RU №2127502 published 20.03.1999) has two rows semiacademic working bodies and two fertilizer hopper, which can be used for sowing of different cultures, and different depth crops is achieved by adjustment plates in mount racks working bodies.
Method of seeding of grain and leguminous cultures, including lecithin, wherein the odd band (tape) sowing of grain crops, while the even - peas.
The figures below:
Fig 1. The scheme seeding of grain and leguminous crops;
2. The scheme of sealing depth of grain and leguminous crops (crop);
3. General view of the combined Assembly for joint seeding of grain and leguminous crops.
Working bodies 3 installed on the frame 1 in two rows. Each series of working bodies through the VAS deferens 4 (Figure 3) is connected with his bunker 6.
Soil-cultivating sowing machine in the above example works as follows: in the course of the unit is the depth of the working bodies 3 in soil at a given depth of seeding with the help of hydraulic system of the tractor. When moving the machine working bodies 3 installed depth of cut soil and weed, forms a sealed box for seeds, which through the VAS deferens 4 seeds come from bins 6. From the front of the bunker come seeds of leguminous plants (), and from the back of the hopper - grain seeds (A).
However over all stripes, planted different crops are multifunctional ice rinks 5, levelling and mulch surface layer of soil. The seeds that are on wet soil compacted bottom of the furrow, together germinate.
Add depth to move to the first of a number of working bodies need to rearrange the adjustment plate from the bottom up in knots 2 mounts working bodies 3 figure 3.
Thus, the declared terespolsky way of seeding of grain and leguminous crops and means for its implementation allows for a precise adjustment of the rate of each crop and planting depth, which cannot be achieved under the joint seeding from one bunker because of the different specific weight of seeds.
In addition, tape oats width of 30 cm (1) resistant to lodging and peas climbs the tapes of oats, which gives the opportunity to harvest the usual header with further separation of cultures in the hospital.
Thus, does the effect of sowing on Osinskomu "densely-empty, contributing to an increase of the crop, early maturation and the prevention of lodging of alabasta.
In addition, declared terespolsky way of sowing and means for its implementation are able to reduce labour costs for sowing, soil preparation and cleaning, to reduce the field infestation by weeds.
Terespolsky sowing laid down in the proposed method was tested for 1-3 years in Novosibirsk and several farms of the European part of Russia and showed good results: fine adjustment of the rate and depth of seeding, reducing costs of harvesting regular harvesting machines due to the lack of lodging of alabasta.
1. Method of seeding of grain and leguminous cultures, including lecithin, wherein the odd band (tape) sowing of grain crops, while the even - peas, and the sowing of every culture carried out from the bins with the regulation of the seeding depth of each culture.