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Cryogenic liquid heating method. RU patent 2511805.

IPC classes for russian patent Cryogenic liquid heating method. RU patent 2511805. (RU 2511805):

F17C9/02 - with change of state, e.g. vaporisation

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Invention relates to heat engineering and can be used for evaporation of media that are in a liquid state. The invention proposes a cryogenic liquid heating method consisting in passage of liquid through heat exchange elements with heat supply to them. A cryogenic liquid evaporator housing is made in the form of at least two two-layered covers, internal and external ones, so that an annular cavity for passage of heating heat carrier is formed. Each cover is made so that it consists of two shells rigidly attached to each other, between which channels for passage of a cryogenic component are formed, and which are combined into headers. Cryogenic liquid is supplied to an inner cavity of the internal cover from the header and discharged through a connection pipe installed in the central part of the internal cover. Cryogenic liquid is supplied to the inner cavity of the external cover from the header located on a convergent part of the external cover; at that, it is supplied so that filled channels are uniformly alternated with empty ones; with that, cryogenic liquid is passed through the whole cover; then, it is turned in the initial part of the cylindrical cover and returned to an outlet header located in the convergent part through the rest part of the channels.

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat engineering and can be used for evaporation of media that are in a liquid state. The invention proposes a cryogenic liquid heating method consisting in passage of liquid through heat exchange elements with heat supply to them. A cryogenic liquid evaporator housing is made in the form of at least two two-layered covers, internal and external ones, so that an annular cavity for passage of heating heat carrier is formed. Each cover is made so that it consists of two shells rigidly attached to each other, between which channels for passage of a cryogenic component are formed, and which are combined into headers. Cryogenic liquid is supplied to an inner cavity of the internal cover from the header and discharged through a connection pipe installed in the central part of the internal cover. Cryogenic liquid is supplied to the inner cavity of the external cover from the header located on a convergent part of the external cover; at that, it is supplied so that filled channels are uniformly alternated with empty ones; with that, cryogenic liquid is passed through the whole cover; then, it is turned in the initial part of the cylindrical cover and returned to an outlet header located in the convergent part through the rest part of the channels.

EFFECT: simpler design, smaller dimensions and lower weight.

5 cl, 4 dwg

The invention relates to heat engineering and may be used in cryogenic technique for evaporating gaseous media, in liquid form, in rocket and space technology and in the national economy, for example, for gasification of liquefied gases and their mixtures.

For decisions promising technical problems there is a need in the evaporator-gasifier with the advanced surface of heating, compact, simple design, low mass, for relatively large expenditure, more than 10 kg/s, evaporated coolant and working at high pressures, more than 10 MPa.

Known evaporator cryogenic liquid (the evaporator)containing building located in him concentric walls, a serpentine cryogenic product, made of two parts, one of which is located between the casing and partition, and the other between the partitions, heaters, located in the Central part of the housing. The space between the body and the outer wall is filled with water, forming ice screen (Author's certificate of the USSR №932094, IPC F17C 9/02, 1982).

The main disadvantages of this evaporator are:

- the use of water in the device complicates the design limits the maximum values of temperature and pressure of heat carrier, which in turn leads to the restriction of the maximum heat capacity, increasing the total weight of the structure and increase the time the device mode and, in addition, impose additional requirements to comply with the tightness of the housing, as well as to the purity of the water used, in addition heaters have a limited service life and their presence leads to the need to have a power supply them with equipment management.

Known evaporator cryogenic fluids containing building, which has heat-exchange elements, heater, while the body is made in the form of two-layer cylindrical shells, forming a ring cavity for the passage of heating of the heat carrier, each of shells consists of two rigidly connected among themselves cylinders, between which formed channels, United in the reservoirs for supply and removal of cryogenic products, while at the entrance to the ring cavity fixed cover, which installed mixing elements and flammable device, and the output is fixed gasovod (RF patent №2347972, IPC F17C 9/02, 10.07.2007 - prototype).

The evaporator operates as follows.

Evaporated environment, such as a cryogenic liquid is fed by two streams feeding tubes in the reservoirs and canals of the inner lining and the outer casing is supplied, gradually evaporating, to collectors, of which plays the downstream piping to the consumer.

For evaporated environment can be implemented as "flow"and "counter current" in relation to the movement of a heating medium.

The heating medium is a fluid - products of combustion of some fuels, such as kerosene, alcohol, natural gas, etc. which temperature can reach from C to C (regulated by the ratio of costs of fuel components) and is limited only by the properties of the used materials, moving from fire wall cover in the direction of gasovoda, the way of giving heat evaporated environment, which flows through the channels membranes.

Preparation of components of fuel to the burning process: mixing, spraying is carried out by mixing elements, and to ignite the mixture is flammable device.

The disadvantages of this evaporator is considerable complexity of construction and Assembly, as well as considerable size and weight, due to the accepted arrangement of design elements of the evaporator.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate these shortcomings, the improvement of technical characteristics and functional enhancement of the evaporator.

The task is due to the fact that in the proposed method of heating cryogenic liquid, consisting in the transmission liquid via the heat-exchange elements of the conclusion to them of heat, according to the invention, the casing of the evaporator cryogenic liquid is performed in the form, at least two two-layer shells, exterior and interior, with the formation of a ring cavity for the passage of heating of the heat carrier, and each of shells perform consisting of two rigidly connected among themselves shells, between which form a channel for the passage of cryogenic components that unite into sewers, while at the entrance to the ring cavity fix the cover in which the set of mixing elements and flammable device, and the output place gasovod, while shell perform profiled with cylindrical part and the narrowing part in the form of confuser, preferably conical, with the formation of a ring cavity with channels for passage of cryogenic component between these parts, while the edges, forming channels for passage of cryogenic component in the inner shell, perform on the internal surface of the cylindrical part the outer shell, but in a shrinking part of the shell specified ribs perform on the outer surface of the inner tapering part of the shell, and inside the cone, preferably in the Central zone, set the pipe, which is connected with the cavity of the inner lining, and collectors supply and removal of cryogenic component in the internal cavity of the outer shell have mentioned tapering part of the outer shell, with cryogenic liquid served in the internal cavity of the inner lining of the collector, and away through the pipe, installed in the Central part of the inner shell, while in the inner cavity of the outer shell of the cryogenic liquid is supplied from the reservoir, located in a shrinking part of the outer shell, and served in such a way that filled channels evenly alternate with blank miss cryogenic liquid through shell, then deploy in the initial part of the cylindrical shell and return to the output collector located in a narrowing part through the remaining channels.

In the variant of application of mixing elements will perform in the form of a two-stage injectors which allows the generation of heating of the heat carrier in the temperature range from C to C.

In the variant of application of internal cylinders, by heating of the heat carrier is made of a material with high thermal conductivity that can increase the magnitude of the coefficient of heat transfer from the heat of the heat carrier to a volatile environment.

In the version of application in the pipe gasovoda set a movable support.

In the version of application to the case and gasovod cause the insulation to reduce heat loss to the surroundings.

In the variant of application of the reservoir supplying a component of fuel to mixing elements placed inside the evaporator, which reduces the diametrical dimensions of the case.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the evaporator, figure 2 - cross section a-a cylindrical part of the tract inner shell, figure 3 - a cross-section b-B conical part tract inner shell, figure 4 - cut mixing heads in a version. Figure 2 and 3 "+" shows the movement of cryogenic liquids in the direction of mixing head, and the sign "+" from her.

The proposed method can be implemented using the evaporator cryogenic liquid, contains a body 1, which is made in the form of two two-layer shells 2 and 3, forming a ring cavity 4 for the passage of heating of the heat carrier. Each of the shells 2 and 3 consists of two rigidly connected among themselves shells 5, 6 and 7 and 8, respectively.

Shell 5, 6 and 7 ,8, building 1 is made of profiled and contain the cylindrical part 9, 10 and 11, 12 and tapering part 13, 14, 15, 16, respectively.

Every shell 2 and 3 made channels 17 and 18 respectively.

Channels on 17 cylindrical part 10 of the shell 2 is made on the inner surface of the shell 6, and the narrowing of part 13 of the shell 2 - on the outer surface of the specified part. Between a shell 5, 6 and 13,14 vertices are connected by edges, forming grooves.

Channels 17 inner shell 2 are connected with the collector supply 19 and removal 20. Channels 18 outer casing 3 connect with collector supply 21 and removal 22. At the entrance to the ring cavity 4 fixed cover 23, which is equipped with a mixing items 24 and flammable device 25. At the exit of the ring cavity 4 has gasovod 26.

Inside gasovoda 26 established base 27 with possibility of sliding in the internal cylindrical part of gasovoda during heating or cooling of various components of the construction.

On the outer surface of the hull 1 installed collector 28 for the supply of one of the components of fuel to mixing elements of 24.

The proposed method can be implemented using the specified evaporator as follows.

The use of the invention will allow to improve mass-dimensional characteristics of the evaporator, to simplify the design and Assembly, to use evaporated environment, such as natural gas, as components of fuel for generation of heating of the heat carrier, to expand the functionality of the evaporator through the additional use of disposable heat heat heat carrier, for example, to drive the turbo-generator or heating any additional protection.

1. Method of heating cryogenic liquid, consisting in the transmission liquid via heat-exchange elements of the conclusion to them of heat, characterized in that the body of the evaporator cryogenic liquid is performed in the form of at least two two-layer shells, exterior and interior, with the formation of a ring cavity for the passage of heating of the heat carrier, and each of shells perform consisting of two rigidly connected among themselves shells, between which form a channel for the passage of cryogenic components that integrate into sewers, while at the entrance to the ring cavity fix the cover in which the set of mixing elements and flammable device output place gasovod, while shell perform profiled with cylindrical part and the narrowing part in the form of confuser, preferably conical, with the formation of a ring cavity with channels for passage of cryogenic component between these parts, while the edges, forming channels for passage of cryogenic component in the inner shell, perform on the internal surface of the cylindrical part of the outer shell, but in a shrinking part of the shell specified ribs perform on the outer surface of the inner tapering part of the shell, and inside the cone preferably in the Central zone, set the pipe, which is connected with the cavity of the inner lining, and collectors supply and removal of cryogenic component in the internal cavity of the outer shell have mentioned tapering part of the outer shell, with cryogenic liquid served in the internal cavity of the inner lining of the collector, and away through the pipe, installed in the Central part of the inner lining, while in the inner cavity of the outer shell of the cryogenic liquid is supplied from the reservoir, located in a shrinking part of the outer shell, and served in such a way that filled channels evenly alternate with blank miss cryogenic liquid through the shell, then deploy in the initial part of the cylindrical shell, and return to the output collector located in a narrowing part through the remainder of channels.

2. Method of heating according to claim 1, wherein the mixing elements are in the form of a two-stage injectors.

3. Method of heating according to claim 1, wherein the inner cylinders are made of material with high thermal conductivity.

4. Method of heating according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe gasovoda set a movable support.

5. Method of heating according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservoir supplying a component of fuel to mixing elements placed inside the evaporator.