Floating plant for biorecycling of films of oil products from surface of water reservoirs

IPC classes for russian patent Floating plant for biorecycling of films of oil products from surface of water reservoirs (RU 2506370):

E02B15/04 - Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials (other treatment of water, waste water or sewage C02F; materials for treating liquid pollutants, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat, C09K0003320000)

C02F3/10 - Packings; Fillings; Grids

C02F1/40 - TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE (processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances A62D0003000000; separation, settling tanks or filter devices B01D; special arrangements on waterborne vessels of installations for treating water, waste water or sewage, e.g. for producing fresh water, B63J; adding materials to water to prevent corrosion C23F; treating radioactively-contaminated liquids G21F0009040000)

Another patents in same IPC classes:

Method for biological treatment of sea littoral zone from oil products / 2505489

There proposed is a method for biological treatment of sea littoral zone from oil products. Method includes location of bivalve mollusks in the places of oil and oil products contamination. In the places of contamination parallel to the coast line there mounted are not less than four rows of piles or columns. Large-cell net with mollusks is extended at every two rows of piles or columns in the direction from the coast towards the sea in the form of open wedges with wedges location in staggered manner. The mollusks on the net are grown on it before or set on it after the structure mounting.

Device for removal of oil-bearing fluid surface layer / 2503624

Invention relates to device for removal of oil-bearing surface fluids. Proposed device comprises floating oil collecting means, stationary frame with drive, drain system composed of scraper, flexible hose and oil products accumulator. Said floating oil collecting means is composed of binary belt conveyor composed by two endless belt with perforated sides fitted in two stepped hollow drums. Float composed of hollow vessel is arranged between hollow drums and belt runs. Drums with sprockets, belts and float are mounted at moving frame. Float walls are connected with moving frame. Said float represents a discrete component not extending to drive drum and scraper. Scraper is an inclined tube with grooves made at its bottom section their width being equal to depth of perforated belts and height of stuck oil products while width at top section approximates to thickness of every belt. Note here that pockets are made at scraper of tube bottom section.

Underwater oil gathering device / 2502846

Device includes a metal tray with a welded cover. There are holes at the tray bottom. One cover angle rises above the other one and a branch pipe is fixed on it. A pipeline, via which gathered oil or oil product is transferred to an onshore accumulation tank, is attached to the branch pipe. Two opposite sides of the tray are bent in upward direction to facilitate movement along the water reservoir bottom. Movement of the device over the pipeline to the ground oil outlet point is performed with ropes.

Cleaning method of water reservoir surface against oil product contaminants (versions), and device for pumping of oil products from water reservoir surface to receiving accumulator / 2501909

As per the first cleaning method of water reservoir surface against oil product contaminants, localisation of a contaminated section of water reservoir is performed by creation of directed movement of oil products 2 by means of controlled air flow 3 to convex surface 7 of intake device 6. Convex surface 7 of intake device 6 is restricted with flanges on lateral sides. First, continuous jet water flow 10 is supplied under pressure to convex surface 7 in direction of air flow 3. Water flow is shaped by means of slot nozzle 11 of hydraulic pump 12. Hydraulic pump 12 is located below boundary line of water - oil product phases. Flow of oil products is discharged with continuous jet water flow 10 to receiving accumulator 9. Receiving accumulator 9 is located behind convex surface 7 with formation of a slot between them, through which continuous jet water flow 10 is discharged to water reservoir 1. As per the second method, localisation of contaminated water reservoir section is performed and oil products are discharged to the receiving accumulator with pumping-out device 18. Localisation of the section is performed by creation of directed movement of oil products 2 to the intake device by means of controlled air flow 3. Intake device is made in the form of oil trap 17 with tangential intake of oil products. Oil trap 17 is made in the form of open annular onboard enclosure 19 with grabbing jaw 20. One side 21 of grabbing jaw 20 is made at a tangent to open annular onboard enclosure 19 and by its direction to water reservoir 1 surfaces towards opposite air flow 3. Device 18 for pumping-out of oil products 2 from the water reservoir surface to the receiving accumulator includes cylindrical housing 23, and drive 24 with vertical rotation axis. Cylindrical housing 23 forms cavity 25 of the receiving accumulator. Housing 23 is mounted in wound spiral 28 of strip 27. Strip 27 of spiral 28 is located at an angle to outer surface 29 of cylinder 23 and lower edge 30 of strip 27 of spiral 28 is tightly pressed to outer surface 29 with formation of spiral chute 31.

Device for collection of floating hydrocarbons from water surface / 2499097

Device consists of two oil intakes 1, collected oil tanks 2 and float 3. Said oil intakes 1 consist of oil collection drums 4 mounted at carcasses 5 in supports 6. Chutes 5 are provided at carcasses 5 to discharge oil from drums 4 into tank 2. Tank 2 is mounted at carcass 10 and accommodates hydraulic drive 11 with drum reduction gear. Besides it comprises water-driven pump 12 to force collected oil and arrangement of pipelines for power carrier feed and discharge. Carcasses 5 of oil intakes 1 are connected with carcass 10 of tank 2 to allow adjustment of their relative position within 46 to 180 degrees. Float 3 is mounted at the frame connected to carcasses 5 and 10. Outer surfaces of drum inner rings 16 have no grooves and are shorter relative to outer rings 9. Cavities of inner rings 16 and tube spaces 17 of drums 4 on both ends are plugged by bottoms 22. Cavities make chambers 18 to feed power carrier in their tube spaces at one end and, from opposite end, chamber 19 to discharge condensate therefrom. Devices to remove oil from oil intake surface of outer rings 9 are composed of combs 7 secured along drums 5 at chutes 7. Carcasses 5 of oil intakes and carcass 10 of tank 2 are equipped with wheel pairs 35. Collected oil is forced from tank 2 into oil storage tank.

Device for automatic control of process of soil cleaning from oil / 2498013

Plant comprises a base vehicle 1 with a platform and equipment installed on it. Equipment comprises a reservoir 2 charged with water, a hydraulic manipulator with an ejector pump 4, a facility of mechanical removal of contaminants 3 and a facility of cleaned material discharge 5 in the form of a scraper conveyor. The reservoir 2 is made with windows in the upper part and side compartments for collection of contaminants. In the bottom of the reservoir 2 there are facilities of mechanical cleaning 3 in the form of acoustic radiators, which are connected to a power generator. The generator is installed on the base vehicle 1. The scraper conveyor is installed in the cavity of the reservoir 2, having a window for discharge. On the platform of the base vehicle 1 there is an expansion tank 7 with water and a transfer pump 6. The base vehicle 1 is equipped with a subsystem of automatic control, which controls level of reservoir 2 filling with water. The transfer pump 6 connects the expansion tank 7 with the reservoir 2. The automatic control subsystem comprises water level sensors 8, an input device 9 connected to sensors, an output device 10 and a control unit 11. Level sensors 8 are installed in the reservoir 2. The input device 9 converts an analogue signal into a digital one. The control unit 11 is connected to the input device 9 and the output device 10. The output device 10 converts a digital signal into an analogue one and is connected to the transfer pump 6.

Obstructing device / 2498012

Device comprises parallel shells 1 with a deck 20 and rails. Shells 1 are rigidly connected to each other by links 2 and have dead joints at both ends with fixators for creation of joined sections. Shells 1 are made with double walls as "pipe in pipe". Ends of shells 1 arranged at the side of floating dirt are made for a joined sealed connection. The connection in the assembled condition performs oscillating movements of section ends in space. The joined connection may have shape of various surfaces formed by rotation of convex curves around the horizontal axis, for instance, a circle, a Cassinian oval, an ellipse, cycloids. Links 2 are arranged as hollow and form a common volume with annular spaces of shells 1. In the annular spaces of shells 1 there are perforated pipes 34 for coolant supply. In the outer shells 1 there are nozzles for condensate drain from annular spaces. On the walls of outer shells 1 there are elements of fixation for lifting-lowering and mooring facilities. On the links of the shells 1 there are supports 8 with locks 9 for a rope 10 to pull and connect sections to each other. Inner shells 1 are made with stiffening ribs along the outer surface and are filled with the foamed solid material 3. In front of each section there is a header 14 for compressed air supply with mechanisms of header 14 submersion depth control. A shield 22 is installed on the wall of outer shells 1 between the header 14 and the shell 1. The shield 22 is equipped with mechanisms for control of its submersion under water level. Shields 22 are tightly connected to each other by locks 33. Perforated pipes 34 for coolant supply and headers 14 for air supply are connected accordingly with devices of coolant and air supply and are equipped with stop and control valves 35 and 15, accordingly.

Device to collect oil spilled on water / 2496941

Device comprises an overflow element 1, a tight chamber 2 and a container 13. The overflow element 1 is formed by lattices 3, 4 connected into a wedge-shaped belt with a floating overflow mat 6 between them and a rear wall. The rear wall is arranged in the form of an air-filled tight chamber 2. A towing rope 7 is arranged at the distance from the top of the wedge-shaped belt and is connected with it by a cord 8. With one turn the cord 8 connects each pair of the radius form of the parts of lattices 3, 4 and the rope 7. Each pair of opposite parts of lattices 3, 4 with radius shape are connected with a cord 9. At the same time each third link of the horizontally arranged lattice 4 is made with extended shape and is pulled by th cord to the appropriate part of the inclined lattice 3 with radius shape to form a groove 11 in the lower part of the tight chamber 2. The groove 11 is formed for passage of oil collected in the zone of the overflow element 1 to the opposite side of the tight chamber 2. The towing rope 7 is equipped with floats 12 evenly arranged along its length with disc shape. The container 13 is arranged at the bottom and is formed by two strips of films 14, 15. Lower longitudinal edges of films 14, 15 are connected with a cord 16 between each other. The cord 16 is pulled serially via evenly arranged eyelet leads 17 along the length of edges of strips 14, 15. The upper longitudinal edge of the strip 14 is connected with an inner longitudinal edge of the mat 6 via links of the lattice 4. The upper longitudinal edge of the strip 15 is connected with the lattice 3 in the upper part of the tight chamber 2 by a cord 24.

Device, method and ship to prevent and decrease harmful effects of oil spillage / 2494000

Invention relates to boom for oil removal, to method of oil collection at oil-contaminates shores, to device and method of oil separation of ice blocks and to oil control ships. Ship is connected with boom and/or oil separation device. Said boom comprises long part and pontoon element connected therewith and set of rotary moving elements furnished with rotary vanes. Device for oil separation from ice blocks comprises casing, separation grate, bearing part to vary grate lift angle and height relative to water level. Separation grate is designed to push ice blocks under water surface. Bearing part is articulated with separation grate and casing. Proposed method of oil collection at oil-contaminates shores consists in directing the oil control ship equipped with said boom to area of contamination to displace oil from the shore by aforesaid vanes. Proposed method of oil separation of ice blocks consist in pushing ice blocks by separation grate arranged above ice block and including guide rails, in controlling grate lift angle and height relative to water level to required magnitude by displacing bearing part and in directing oil and water from water system into cargo compartment via inlet located partially under water level.

Method to collect oil and gas from underwater emergency gusher well / 2491413

Steel reservoir, which is open at the bottom, is used, with thickness of its walls equal to 7-10 mm, and having piping with escort vessels. At the same time outer pressure P₁ of hydrostatic water column is measured, as well as inner pressure P₂ of oil and gas medium inside the reservoir, and pressure difference ΔP between them is calculated, which shall be excessive and shall not exceed 4000 Pa, from the following ratio: ΔP=P₁-P₂≤4000 Pa. At the same time flexible pipelines are used for piping, and controlled throughput capacity is calculated on the basis of the following ratio: F_w<(F_g+F_o+-F_c)<<F_r, where F_w - throughput section of the emergency gusher well; F_g, F_o, F_c - throughput section of flexible pipelines of gas, oil and operative control, accordingly; F_r - throughput section of the reservoir.

Method of increasing efficiency of aerobic waste water treatment / 2472719

Invention can be used in biological and physical-and-chemical treatment of waste water or in industrial water supply. The method is realised via aeration, sorption and oxidation of contaminants in starting waste water on charge material. The charge material used is dispersed natural schungite mineral which is added at the same time as the waste water to be treated and/or into an aerobic bioreactor. Contaminants are oxidised by dissolved oxygen directly on the surface of schungite and by microorganisms immobilised on the charge material.

Biomass carrier holder / 2420460

Invention relates to water treatment and can be used in biological purification plants and post-treatment of household waste water or some other waste water with similar composition. The biomass carrier 3 - brush polymer elements are attached to holders 2. The holders 2 on all sides are fitted with a protective shield 4, which is primarily made in form of a mesh fabric. Waste water is fed into a bioreactor. The water being treated circulates through holders 2 and comes into contact with the immobilised biomass fixed on the carrier 3.

Reactor with packing / 2418748

Invention relates to waste water treatment and can be used in chemical and biological industry. Biological treatment of liquid is carried out in reactor 100. Reactor 100 has packing layers 102, the first layer consisting of hollow elements 120 and the second consisting of porous carrier elements with 6-8 pores per centimetre. The stream of liquid is fed into the reactor 100 through a distributor 130. Gas is fed through a diffuser 138. The purified liquid comes out through an outlet 134.

Working element for loading biofilter and versions thereof / 2404136

Working element for loading a biofilter has a corrugated sheet 1, having slits 2 lying in groups 3 across the sheet 1, and the direction of the slits 2 coincides with the longitudinal direction of the sheet 1. In each group 3 of slits in parts of the sheet 1 lying between two neighbouring slits there are corrugations of different height. The face of each corrugation is mated with a ridge which lies in approximately the same plane for each group of corrugations. The part of the sheet 7 between two neighbouring groups of corrugations does not have slits. The slits can also be paired on the faces of the corrugations of the sheet or on two neighbouring faces, wherein parts of corrugations lying between paired slits are depressed relative the faces.

Bio mass carrier material for water processing, mainly for waste waters / 2374369

This invention refers to the materials used as carriers of the active bio mass for the water procession, mainly the procession of industrial and domestic waste waters. Bio mass carrier material is made as a nonwoven fabric of the bound with each other by the needle puncturing and/or by the thermally chemisorption, bicomponent and polypropylene synthetic fibres with the linear density from 0.9 to 6.8 dtex. A nonwoven fabric is a three-layer structure, two external layer whereof contains polypropylene or the mixture of bicomponent and polypropylene fibres. The internal layer contains chemisorption fibres. Chemisorption fibres are unreclaimable waste of the initial procession and combing. Additionally, the ration of the surface density of the layers is 1:1:1.

Bioreactor / 2374185

Invention relates to devices used for purifying waste water. The bioreactor has a container with at least one opening through which waste water to be purified flows. Inside the container there is filler material with large volume of pores and a mixture of microorganisms which decompose organic contaminants. The mixture of microorganisms contains photosynthetically active microorganisms and luminescent microorganisms. The mixture also contains nanoparticles.

Device for immobilisation of microorganisms in biological purification of sewage / 2369564

Proposed device comprises helical-spiral adapter 1 made from polymer material selected from materials that feature cushioning properties. Top part of adapter 1 is attached to upper assembly 2 that features average specific density smaller than that of effluents. Note that lower part of adapter 1 is attached directly to reservoir bottom or to lower assembly 3 that features average specific density smaller than that of effluents.

/ 2348584

/ 2337068

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Installation for preparation of desalinated water for synthesis-gas production / 2506233

Invention relates to technologies of purification of water from natural springs for their further application as initial water for obtaining vapour in processes of steam or vapour-oxygen conversion of hydrocarbon gases (synthesis-gas production). Installation for preparation of desalinated water contains successively connected heat exchanger for heating initial water, unit of preliminary clarification, unit of ultrafiltration, unit of ultraviolet decontamination, unit of filters with filtration degree not more than 5 mcm and unit of two-step reverse osmosis.

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of facilities for cleaning of environment, namely, facilities for cleaning of a water area from contamination with oil and oil products, and may be used whenever oil and oil products get into water environment. The floating plant for biorecycling of oil product films from the surface of water reservoirs comprises at least one hollow perforated drum connected with a horizontally arranged shaft and having a hollow tight reservoir with the diameter of at least 1/4 of the drum diameter, besides, the remaining volume of the drum is filled with granules of an attachment made of a material inert to action of oil products with density of less than 1 g/cm³. The plant design provides for submersion of the drum into water at least by 1/4 of the diameter, and the shaft is made as capable of rotation by means of devices of a mechanical drive of the shaft, supply of air or liquid to the surface of the drum.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of cleaning of water reservoir surfaces from films of oil products, improved environmental conditions.

12 cl

The invention relates to the field of cleaning the environment, namely the treatment of waters from pollution by oil and oil products, and can be used in aquatic environment of oil and petroleum products.

Known (RU, patent 2094392) method of biological purification of water from salts. According to a known method the water is in contact with the higher aquatic vegetation: common reed, bulrush, cattail narrow-leaved mixed with iris, grown on a previously prepared substrate, floating on the water surface. This purification process is carried out under a layer of granulated polymer boot with a density less than the density of water. Diversion of water is conducted through the porous tubular drains, filled with activated charcoal and located above the substrate.

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of the technological process due to the need for selection and preparation of the substrate and polymer loading. In addition, in the presence of water of oil and suspended solids discharge system silting up, which leads to the need to stop the installations.

Also known (RU, patent 2260568) sewage treatment plant for wastewater cottages, which are also able to remove from the wastewater traces of oil products. The known system includes a septic tank, bioreactor with m what you attached and free-floating microorganisms and disinfecting device, when this camera septic tank and the first stage bioreactor made with the possibility of averaging the costs of water, bioreactor contains two rotating drums with trays spill-silt mixtures, thin-layer hydrocyclone GZ pallets, and mounted on wheels spinning reels scoops, and the hydrocarbon gas detection, located after the second bobaraba connected with sbresny pipeline, equipped with electrified driven command-electric valve device, aftertreatment device is made in the form of a filter column with granular catalyst of the first kind, periodically flushed by the flow of purified water from the purified water tank in the reverse direction of filtration of wastewater from the overflow of her in the second hydrocarbon gas detection through bobaraba waste pipe connected with the first chamber of the septic tank and disinfecting the device is made in the form of two filter columns filled with catalysts of the second and third containing ducts for sparging.

A disadvantage of the known installation should recognize its complexity, intensity, time-limited operation of the catalyst, and the low efficiency with respect to the disposal of petroleum products.

It is known (US patent 5904854) using filters containing activated carbon fiber "Aquilon" is activated carbon, obtained by processing fruits coconuts. The specified filter is used for treatment of water and aqueous liquids from hydrophobic contaminants. These filters are characterized by high sorption capacity for most hydrophobic toxic components.

The disadvantages of the method are all typical shortcomings of carbon adsorption systems: relatively high cost sorbents, the complexity of regeneration, long-term continuous operation, ineffective against low-molecular hydrophilic components. This restricts the use of such filters within the household sector.

Known (JP patent 2004-286731) method of purification of waste waters from oil pollution. According to a known method on the stream of contaminated water influence of an alternating electromagnetic field in the range from 20 Hz to 1 kHz. The method is quite simple and effective for the treatment of wastewater from a limited area of the reservoirs, but does not apply to cases of removal of films hydrocarbons from the surface of the waters.

Known (RU, patent 2053205) sorbent NAFTOKS for cleanup of soil and water from oil and oil products, which includes aerobic, Neftekhimiya bacteria taken in an effective amount, and a filler in the form of organic or mineral solid substrate such as peat sod-podzol soil, black soil, peat-manure compost.

The disadvantage of the application of this biological product is the fact that the applied substrate does not possess hydrophobicity on the surface of the water and does not have sufficient absorption capacity of oil and oil products, also require a substantial amount of such a filler for treatment of large water reservoirs.

Known (US patent 4230562) method of application of the biological product for the purification of natural waters from oil or oil products, including coating the media with positive buoyancy sources of food microorganisms, and a consortium of microorganisms, including modified, to give them the desired properties, such as, for example, in the basis of the consortium are hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms in natural communities

The lack of application of the known method should recognize its low efficiency and also dependence on the state of the water surface movement of water, waves and wind, used as the carrier moves easily on the water surface and can be carried out with the affected area.

Known (SU authorship 1813071) the method of cleaning the surface of the water from oil pollution with the use of sorbent, manufactured on the basis of hydrolytic lignin, dried to a residual moisture content of 30%, while sotnos is the amount of lignin and sorbed oil is 1:1. After sorption is applied surface-active substance that promotes the separation of oil from the sorbent.

The disadvantage of this method is that when using hydrolytic lignin requires the collection and removal from the surface of the reservoir and the subsequent processing, which complicates and increases the cost of the cleanup process.

Known (RU, patent 2106309) method of purification of the water surface from the films of hydrocarbons by the action of the sorbent based on recycled in neutral mixture of composting with bird droppings hydrolytic lignin-enriched microorganisms-destructors of oil, and the sorbent is dried to air-dried and crushed. The sorbent is applied to the contaminated oil the surface of the water in the ratio by weight of the sorbent: oil 1:(3-5) at ambient temperature at least 5°C.

The disadvantage of this method should recognize its low efficiency.

It is known (AT, patent 308658) device for biochemical treatment of wastewater from oil and oil products, comprising a housing, inside which is a load of cloths, perforated plastic film is placed over the load of the fill, and in the lower part of the housing has a cylindrical tank with a conical bottom.

The disadvantages of the known installation is the lack of separation of purified and treated water, the low performance on processing of oil pollution in the form of films on the water surface.

Known (SU authorship 1599317) installation of biological treatment of waste water from oil containing biofilter loading, tray wastewater aeration with aeration, secondary settling tank with suspended sediment layer, the pipe feeding the sludge mixture from the aeration tank secondary settling tank, a recirculation pump and piping return sludge, and download biofilter made in the form of infinite vertical moving blade, the device is further provided with a vertical partition, installed in the biofilter and forming a chamber with the loading and the camera with the drying of bioloy, in the partition made of the slotted holes for the passage of the blade, equipped with scrapers.

The disadvantages of the known installation should include the complexity of hardware design installation and the need for its binding to the treatment plant with aeration tanks and clarifiers.

Known (Jp, application 60-14637) download for biofilter used for purification of water from petroleum products, representing a set of elements consisting of strips, ribbons or cords made of plastic with a density lighter than water, the upper and lower ends of which are secured to the tabs.

The drawbacks of such elements download for biofilters are a low degree of purification of waste water from oil and low strength and complexity of the placement that the elements of the boot.

Known (Fr application No. 2565579) download for biofilters used for water purification from oil and oil products, which is a glass fiber, United in the cylindrical brush.

The disadvantages of this boot for biofilters are a low degree of purification of waste water from oil and the low strength of the elements download.

Known (RU, patent 2126714) method of wastewater treatment and surface water from pollution by oil and oil products by contacting water with a sorbent containing peat in the number of 90-95 wt.%, the zeolite in the amount of 4-8 wt.%, a mixture of anionic and nonionic surfactants, in amounts of 0.5 to 1.5 wt.%.

The disadvantage of this method is the applicability of the proposed composition of the sorbent, containing components of different specific gravity, mainly for stationary use, for example for the purification of waste waters from oil pollution. When cleaning the water surface from oil pollution, the use of zeolite in the composition of the sorbent is impractical because, not having positive buoyancy, it will sink and, therefore, will not perform the function of a water purifier from impurities.

Known (RU, 2124397) method of purification of water from pollution by oil and oil products, comprising contacting the water with an adsorbent containing peat or its mixture with sa is roblem in the number 95-99,5 wt.% and modifier - salts of divalent metals humic acid in the amount of 0.05-5.0 wt.% to complete bonding of contamination and removal of the sorbent saturated with oil or petroleum products.

The disadvantage of this method is the use of sorbent based on peat disturbed patterns in the extract of humic acids, which leads to a decrease in the sorption capacity of the drug in relation to petroleum and petroleum products, and, consequently, the efficiency of treatment. Another disadvantage is the complexity of the operation preparation modifier, part of the sorbent, consisting in the extraction of peat humic acids and sapropel - salts of divalent metals and their subsequent mixing and obtaining a gel-like salts of humic acids with divalent metal, that makes the sorbent expensive.

Known (RU, patent 2241031) method of purification of the water surface from oil and oil products, including the introduction of a bacterial culture, and as bacterial culture using a consortium of natural strains of aerobic oil-oxidizing microorganisms Bacillus brevis IB DT 5-1 and Arthrobacter species IB DT 5-3 in the form of the culture fluid with a total titer of microorganisms, not less than 108 CFU/ml culture fluid, and the cleaning process is carried out with aeration of the water object.

The disadvantage of this method is the need of the awn aeration of large amounts of water in reservoirs, what limits the application of the method in small areas.

Also known (RU, patent 2260652) method of purification of water and sediment from pollution by oil and oil products, including placement on the active surface of the water bills, made in the form of mats of cotton or synthetic fabric, filled with a cleansing composition, and in the process of cleaning produce aeration of the water and/or flotation sediments, and as a cleaning composition use silicates, organic matter and fertilizers.

A disadvantage of the known technical solutions should recognize the lack of efficiency and lack of mobility in their implementation.

During the patent information search by the applicant was not identified source of information characterizing the floating installation of bioutilization oil and petroleum products.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the developed setup is to improve the environmental situation by removing films of oil and petroleum products from the surface of the water.

To achieve the technical result of the proposed use of the developed floating installation for bioutilization of slicks from the surface of the water. Designed floating plant comprises at least one hollow is perforirovanie drum, connected with a horizontally positioned shaft and having a Central hollow sealed container with a diameter of not less than ¼ of the diameter of the drum, and the remaining capacity of the drum is filled with granules nozzles made from inert to the action of petroleum material with a density less than 1 g/cm³while installation design provides immersion of the drum into the water, at least ¼ of the diameter, and the shaft is made to rotate by means of mechanical devices of the drive shaft, devices for supplying air or fluid to the surface of the drum.

The unit operates in waters with surface oil pollution in the form of a film. The buoyancy of the installation is ensured by the presence inside the hollow perforated drum light packing density less than 1 g/cm³the Central hollow sealed containers with a diameter of not less than ¼ of the diameter of the drum.

The originality of the developed design is that it is made with positive buoyancy, which allows to pump a large amount of treated water through the installation of disposal of oil and oil products, and to move the device along the surface of the pond from one of the oil slick to another. This considerably simplifies the design, reduces the cost of removal of petroleum products from the surface of a pond, uscreates cleaning of the reservoir, and doesn't disturb the ecosystem of the pond, because there is no pumping significant amounts of water. It should also be noted that when implementing the installation to remove oil from the surface of a pond is not additional water pollution by applying to the surface water of significant quantities of sorbents, which, as follows from the practice of application of sorbents for removal of oil pollution, then it is necessary, first, to remove from the water and, secondly, to separate the oil from the sorbent or sorbent disposed any technologically and environmentally acceptable way.

Due to the rotation of the drum is partially submerged in water, there is a contact surface of the granules nozzles with water, as well as with a film of oil and oil products. Passing through the perforated surface of the drum, the water with the oil film provides wetting the entire surface of the granules of the nozzle, and the oil film sticks to the surface of the granules. Simultaneously, the volume of water in the granules of the nozzle and the surface of the perforated drum are sorbed microorganisms, including microorganisms decomposing petroleum products. In the presence of a significant amount of the nutrient medium for these organisms, which are crude oil and petroleum products, colonies form in the sustainable biofilm on the entire surface of the granules of the nozzle and provide effective bioutilization oil spillages.

At least part of the housing of the drum, can be done in your life.

Application of biofilm microorganisms on granules nozzles by irrigation can produce how to load pellets nozzles in the drum, and after loading the pellets nozzles in the drum, preferably in the original limited reservoir. As the microorganisms can be used in different strains, providing a highly efficient utilization of oil pollutions. In this case, can be used made from dry inoculant hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms-water suspension, either directly biosperse grown microorganisms. As dry biologics can be used produced in Russia and abroad commercial biologics: "Poutical", "Devoroil", "Bamil", "Petro Threat", "SOILEX, Persain", "Lenoil-SHP", etc.

For more biocomposite active microorganisms can be taken hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms, effectively utilizing oil and oil products, including fast-growing bacteria: Alcaligenes, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium, Rhodococcus, Pseudomonas, and others, as well as the yeast Candida, Endomycopsis, Saccharomyces, Torulopsis, Pichia, and others.

As the nozzle is preferable to use granules of polymeric materials or silicate materials with a developed surface, the second best is the immobilization of cells of microorganisms and to which better adheres film of oil and oil products. The granules preferably should not enter into chemical interaction with the oil and to have an effective size of about 5-50 mm installation can be used pellets of Styrofoam, polystyrene, expanded clay, silica gel, aluminosilicate and similar properties of substances.

The following list does not limit the list of usable materials.

From the experience of experimental work established that optimal use of the ratio of the drum diameter and width is from 4:1 to 2:1. When the output over a specified range of ratios efficiency of the installation will be worse.

The rotation of the drum with a nozzle can be caused by various devices. The drive can be used a motor, including DC. In this case, on the raft, preferably establish a secondary battery, to which is connected a drive shaft rotation. In this case, it is also desirable to install on the raft means of recharging the battery, which can be used wind generator, solar panel, wave generator, etc. is Not desirable, but it is possible to use the internal combustion engine, as used in his work the fuel may further contaminate the water. As not polluting the he environment of the source energy of rotation of the drum can be used energy of the flow of water or air. These options can be performed as follows. First, from a compressor located on the waterfront or on a raft, mounted on the surface of a pond, to the device through the hose, serves the compressed air stream. The outlet hose is connected to the bubbler located under the drum with some offset from its vertical axis. While it is desirable that the surface of the drum along its width at its outer surface at right angles to it were evenly spaced breaker plate height from 1/20 to 1/10 of the width of the drum in an amount of from 6 to 24 pieces. The pressure and flow rate of compressed air supplied to the surface of the perforated drum, the pick so that the rotation speed of the drum was optimal for the disposal of oil contamination.

In addition to rotation due to the energy of compressed air can be used the incident energy through the fill water. In this case, the pump water is fed from above to the surface of the perforated drum with some displacement relative to its vertical axis.

In the most preferred implementation of the developed device installation mechanical drive shaft, the supply of air or liquid to the surface of the drum is placed on a raft, pivotally connected with the shaft of the drum and is made in the form of one or is escolca floating elements.

It is also possible to install more than one mounted on a horizontal shaft of a perforated drum with a gap between them, equal to 1/5 to 1/20 of the width of the drum that provides a flow of fluid from the nozzle through the gap during rotation of the drum.

To adjust the buoyancy of the installation it may contain on the sides of the perforated drum additionally hollow vessel for regulating the buoyancy of the installation.

The unit is in continuous wetting of the granules in the nozzle of the oily water through a rotating perforated drum and disposal of contaminants by microorganisms present in biofilms developed on the surface of the Packed items in the form of granules. Due to the periodic contact with atmospheric air granules nozzles, the rotation of the perforated drum above the liquid level, is aeration of microorganisms, biofilms, their development and effective utilization of substrate contaminants. Through the holes of the perforated drum as it rotates the treated liquid is removed.

For a balanced installation quite a little effort to rotate the floating drum in the liquid. To provide rotational movement of the drum shaft the latter hinged to the raft, made in the form of one or bore the channels at the floating element. On the raft have one of three devices that enables the drum rotation:

a) mechanical drive shaft rotation (electric motor, internal combustion engine);

b) the feeder fluid pump with piping and sprinkler located above the drum offset relative to its vertical axis), and a pump for supplying liquid can be on the raft, and out of it;

in) feeder air bubbler located under the drum offset relative to its vertical axis, and a compressor for air supply can be on the raft, and beyond.

When applying a liquid on one side of the perforated drum through the dry sprinkler nozzle above the fluid level will get damp, which will lead to imbalance and the rotation of the drum. When using the device for air supply, flooded the nozzle above the bubbler is filled with air, which will also lead to impaired balance and rotation of the perforated drum.

In order streams supplied air or fluid consisted mainly in the packing layer, width of the perforated drum on its outer surface perpendicular to her evenly spaced breaker plate with a preferred size from 1/20 to 1/10 of the width of the drum advantage of the state in the amount of from 6 to 24 pieces.

On the basis of accounting for all factors (growth rate of microorganisms and the rate of utilization of oil or oil products, the necessary intensity of aeration of microorganisms and, consequently, the speed of rotation of the drum, and the particle size of the nozzle and the rate of filtration of a liquid through a nozzle) was used to assess the effectiveness of the installed capacity of 100 m³from which follows that the energy of 0.1 to 0.4 kW average capacity utilization of oil pollution will be 150 kg/day.

1. Floating installation for bioutilization of slicks from water surfaces, characterized by the fact that it contains at least one hollow perforated drum connected with a horizontally positioned shaft and having a Central hollow sealed container with a diameter of not less than 1/4 of the diameter of the drum, and the remaining capacity of the drum is filled with granules nozzles made from inert to the action of petroleum material with a density less than 1 g/cm³while installation design provides immersion of the drum into the water, at least 1/4 of the diameter and the shaft is made to rotate by means of mechanical devices of the drive shaft, the supply of air or liquid to the surface of the drum.

2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that at least part of the building is and the drum is made of corrugated.

3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of drum diameter and width is from 4:1 to 2:1.

4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that as the nozzle used granules with a particle size of 5-50 mm, having a porous surface.

5. Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the used pellets of Styrofoam, polystyrene, expanded clay, silica gel, aluminosilicate and similar properties of substances.

6. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it further on the surface of the nozzle in the form of biofilms are colonies of microorganisms that utilize petroleum products.

7. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet air to rotate the drum contains a bubbler located under the drum offset relative to its vertical axis.

8. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeder fluid to the surface of the drum contains a sprinkler located above the drum offset relative to its vertical axis.

9. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the device is a mechanical drive shaft, the supply of air or liquid to the surface of the drum located on a raft, pivotally connected with the shaft of the drum and is made in the form of one or more floating elements.

10. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains more than one fortified with the SSS on a horizontal shaft perforated drums, installed with a gap between them, equal to 1/5 to 1/20 of the width of the drum.

11. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that on each side of the perforated drum further strengthened hollow vessel for regulating the buoyancy of the installation.

12. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it further across the width of the perforated drum on its outer surface perpendicular to her evenly spaced breaker plate height from 1/20 to 1/10 of the width of the drum in an amount of from 6 to 24 pieces.