Pneumatic percussion mechanism. RU patent 2504635.

IPC classes for russian patent Pneumatic percussion mechanism. RU patent 2504635. (RU 2504635):

E21C37/00 - Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading (breaking-down by means inserted in slits E21C0027140000)

E21B1/38 - Hammer piston type, i.e. in which the tool bit or anvil is hit by an impulse member

E21B1/30 - by air, steam or gas pressure

Another patents in same IPC classes:

Pneumatic percussion mechanism / 2504634
Mechanism includes a cylindrical housing with a sleeve and outlet channels, a working tool with a shank. A stepped piston with stock and main parts with a central channel and a sleeve with a longitudinal channel-slot and a hole in a stock part of the piston, which divides the cylindrical housing cavity into an annular distributing chamber in the sleeve of the cylindrical housing on the side of stock part of the piston and the idle stroke chamber on the side of the working tool shank. An annular flange with air inlet holes to the annular distributing chamber and a through axial channel for passage of a rod with a shutoff valve, a fastening shell fixed relative to the cylindrical housing. Network air chamber is formed with a fastening shell with an air supply channel and an annular flange fixed in the through axial channel of the annular flange, the rod with the shutoff valve, which constantly interacts with the longitudinal channel-slot in the hole of the sleeve located in the central channel of stepped piston, which connects periodically, depending on position of the stepped piston, the annular distributing chamber and the idle stroke chamber to each other. In the section of interaction of the annular stage of the cylindrical housing sleeve with the stock part of the piston there is an annular gap with a design flow cross-section, and on inner side surface of the sleeve there is a throttling bypass channel-slot along a generatrix, which constantly connects the annular distributing chamber to the annular chamber.

Hydraulic shock machine / 2495991
Machine includes case, striker, forward stroke chamber, reverse stroke chamber, and additional chamber in the case, work fluid inlet and discharge ducts between case and striker, control duct and additional duct, tool, work fluid supply, accumulator, hydraulic distribution valve connecting forward stroke chamber either with work fluid supply or with drain to a tank; control chamber of hydraulic distribution valve is permanently connected via control duct to additional chamber, and distribution valve slide is spring-loaded by a load equal to force in control chamber of hydraulic distribution valve at work fluid pressure equal to P3 preset value. Forward stroke chamber is connected via hydraulic distribution valve to work fluid supply, accumulator and reverse stroke chamber by additional duct via reverse valve when strike is delayed and the system reaches preset P3 pressure value before forward stroke of striker, or by additional duct via reverse valve and by work fluid inlet and discharge duct from forward stroke chamber when striker starts forward stroke. Additional chamber is connected to work fluid supply, accumulator and reverse stroke chamber at the end of reverse stroke of striker, and to drain to a tank at the end of forward stroke of striker. Case, striker and work fluid inlet and discharge duct of forward stroke chamber can form closed circuit of work fluid in forward stroke chamber at the end of reverse stroke of striker.

Impact action device / 2480587
In the proposed device a hammer is made in the form of a cylindrical rod with a striker fixed on the lower end and a piston ledge on its upper part arranged in the isolated cavity of the body, partially filled with a working fluid. In the inner axial cavity of the hammer there is a closed cylindrical bore arranged, which with the coupled piston and stem, the end of which is fixed on the upper cover of the specified isolated cavity of the body, form a driving hydraulic cylinder, the piston cavity of which via the axial channel in the stem is continuously communicated with a drain line; at the same time the stem cavity of the hydraulic cylinder via a parallel channel in the stem and a hydraulic distributor alternately communicates with a discharge or a drainage line. The lower part of the isolated cavity of the body is made in the form of a truncated cone, the diameter of the lower smaller base of which is substantially equal to the diameter of the piston ledge of the hammer. Along the cylindrical wall of the isolated cavity of the body there are contactless sensors, on which the piston ledge of the hammer acts, causing switching of the hydraulic distributor. Application of the proposed invention will make it possible to increase efficiency of operation of an impact action device and to reduce its dimensions.

Gas generator for directed rock destruction / 2477791
Device includes casing with located in it fuel element with through channels along the axis filled with oxidising agent. On the surface of fuel element end part, from the side of firing device, there is a disc with diameter exceeding casing internal diameter by 0.5-1.0 mm. Disc is made of material resistant to thermal-oxidative ageing.

Pneumatic impact mechanism / 2477778
Pneumatic device of impact action includes a cylindrical body with a bushing and outlet channels, a working tool with a tail, a stepped piston with stem and main parts with a central channel and a bushing with a longitudinal channel-slot and a hole in a stem part of the piston, which separates the cavity of the cylindrical body into a circular distribution chamber in the bushing of the cylindrical body at the side of the stem part of the piston and an idle chamber at the side of the working element tail, a circular flange with holes of air supply into the circular distribution chamber and a through axial channel for passage of a rod with a stop valve, a fastening sleeve fixed relative to the cylindrical body, a network air chamber formed by the fastening sleeve with the air supply channel and the circular flange, a rod with a stop valve fixed in the through axial channel of the circular flange, which continuously interacts with the longitudinal channel-slot in the hole of the bushing arranged in the central channel of the stepped piston, which connects from time to time, depending on the stepped piston position, the circular distribution chamber and the idle chamber to each other. In the section of interaction of the circular stage of the bushing of the cylindrical body with the stem part of the piston there is a circular gap with a rated throughput section, and on the inner side surface of the bushing there is a throttling helical channel-slot arranged along its entire length, which continuously communicates the distribution chamber with the circular chamber.

Pneumatic impact mechanism / 2477362
Pneumatic impact mechanism is designed for application in impact machines of different purpose. It comprises a cylindrical body with a bushing and outlet channels, a working tool with a tail, a stepped piston with stem and main parts with a central channel and a bushing with a longitudinal channel-slot and a hole in the stem part of the piston, which separates the cavity of the cylindrical body into a circular chamber at the side of the stem part of the piston, an idle chamber at the side of the working tool tail and a circular distribution chamber in the bushing of the cylindrical body at the side of the stem part of the piston, a circular flange with holes of air supply into the circular distribution chamber and a through axial hole for passage of a rod with a stop valve, a fastening sleeve fixed relative to the cylindrical body, a network air chamber formed by the sleeve with an air-supply channel and a circular flange, a rod with a stop valve fixed in the through axial channel of the circular flange, which permanently interacts with the longitudinal channel-slot in the hole of the bushing being located in the central channel of the piston, connecting periodically, depending on the stepped piston position, the distribution chamber and the idle chamber between each other. In the section of interaction of the circular step of the cylindrical body bushing with the stem part of the piston there is a circular gap with a rated throughput section, and on the stem part of the piston there is a throttling relief helical channel-slot, which permanently communicates the distribution chamber with the circular chamber.

Well device to form directed cracks / 2471986
Device comprises a tubular shell with longitudinal slots, filled with a plastic substance, a sleeve screwed onto its end and having a threaded central hole, where a screw is screwed in, and an elastic shell placed onto a tubular shell. The screw is made in the form of a bushing with an outer thread, where a rod is inserted as capable of longitudinal displacement limited in its respect. In the elastic shell there are longitudinal slots made that match with longitudinal slots of the tubular shell. The bushing with the outer thread and the rod are connected to each other so that they eliminate possibility of their rotation relative to each other.

Pneumatic impact mechanism / 2459920
Pneumatic impact mechanism comprises a cylinder with outlet channels, a working tool with a tail, a stepped striker with a stem and a main parts with a central through channel and a bushing with a slot channel in the stem part of the striker, separating the cylinder cavity into an idle chamber at the tail side, a distribution chamber at the side of the stem part of the striker, a circular chamber of a forward stroke, a network air chamber, a circular cover installed between the network air chamber and the distribution chamber with a channel of air supply from the network air chamber into the distribution chamber, a rod rigidly fixed relative to the cover with a piston part, which is permanently installed in a central through channel of the striker, interacting with the slot channel of the bushing, connecting periodically, depending on the position of the stepped striker, the distribution chamber and the idle chamber between each other. The distribution chamber and the circular chamber of the forward stroke are permanently communicated to each other with a circular throttling channel, coaxially to the distribution chamber there is a sleeve installed, forming an additional circular chamber of an attached volume, permanently communicated with a relief channel to the circular chamber.

Method for destruction of solid bodies / 2457328
Method includes arrangement of charges in bore pits and excitation of exothermic reaction without explosion by device initiating its inflammation. The charge is a mixture of the following components with the specified proportion, wt %: aluminium or magnesium or alloys based on them - 20.0-32.0; metal oxide or mixture of metal oxides - 64.0-75.0; phenolic-formaldehyde resin or its solutions; or butadiene-nitrile rubber or its solutions; or aqueous solutions silicates - 3.0-6.0.

Pneumatic device of impact action to form wells in soil / 2455445
Device comprises a hollow body with a stepless striker having a central through hole separating the body cavity into working and idle chambers, a central tube interacting with the central through channel of the striker, a bushing with a permanently open inlet channel and a hose to supply compressed air from a network, a cover with a hole to let through the central tube, a prechamber of network air, a tail entering the idle chamber, the tail and the bushing are arranged with through channels to let through the central tube sealed and fixed relative to the tail and the bushing, in the central tube there is an additional tube installed coaxially with a circular gap with a radial outlet channel and with fixation along its ends relative to the central tube. In the additional tube there are slots sealed and coupled with the surface of the central tube, forming at the same time a separately longitudinal throttling channel of air inlet into the idle chamber, and an air outlet channel from working and idle chambers, besides, the longitudinal throttling channel at the side of the idle chamber and the prechamber is equipped with radial channels in the central tube.

Cylindrical-pseuodospherical hammer / 2486049
Invention relates to hammers of percussion-type machines. Proposed hammer consists of interconnected cylinder and coaxial rod. Rod side surface makes the surface of permanent negative curvature surface formed by rotation of equitangential curve about its asymptote.

Drilling machine head / 2484944
Invention relates to machine building, particularly, to drilling machine heads. Proposed head comprises generating part with lateral generating surface confined by sensor and convex impact end faces. Said convex impact end face features surface composed by revolution of catenary with parameters a=(3…20)D where d is head impact face diameter around head lengthwise axis.

Cylinder-taper head / 2484943
Invention relates to machine building, particularly, to percussion machine heads. Proposed head comprises cylindrical piston and impact taper parts. Transition between head cylindrical and taper parts is made in arc of circle. Relationship between taper impact part l1 and cylindrical piston part l2 is defined as follows to ensure position of head center of gravity at its piston cylindrical part: where d is head impart face diameter, D is diameter of head idle face.

Impact device / 2462575
Impact device comprises a body with holes, a striker with longitudinal channels on the external surface installed in the body as capable of displacement, chambers of forward and reverse stroke, a channel in a striker to communicate chambers of forward and reverse stroke, a stop inner surface of the body with a front circular ledge and a reverse stroke limiter on its rear part, an elastic ring, installed in the circular groove on the striker as capable of interaction with the stop inner surface of the body. The stop inner surface of the body is equipped with a conical surface arranged between the front circular ledge and its rear part and coupled with them, besides, between the surface of the rear wall of the circular groove and the end surface of the elastic ring there is a sharp angle formed, the top of which is directed towards the striker axis. The sharp angle is formed by arrangement of the rear wall surface of the circular groove as conical. The sharp angle is formed by arrangement of the end surface of the elastic ring at the side of the rear wall of the circular groove as conical. The front wall of the circular groove has smaller diametre than its rear surface. The walls of the circular groove are formed by two collars on the external surface of the striker. The external surface of the elastic ring is arranged as conical and faces backwards with its smaller diametre. The rear part of the stop inner surface of the body is arranged as cylindrical or conical. The body is arranged with an anvil, besides, the stop inner surface is arranged in the anvil, and the front circular ledge, the specified conical surface and the reverse stroke limiter - on this surface. The elastic ring is installed in the circular groove with tight fit.

Air impact mechanism / 2418146
Air impact mechanism consists of cylinder case with outlet channels and installed in it bushing and of stepped striker with rod and main parts, with through orifice and bushing in rod part with channel-slot dividing cavity of case to chamber of idle run on side of shank end and circular working chamber. Further, the mechanism consists of a circular flange with channels supplying air from a network camera, of the rod rigidly secured relative to the circular flange and continuously inserted in a through orifice of the striker and interacting with the channel-slot of the bushing and of a working tool with the shank end. The impact mechanism has a circular distributing chamber on one side communicated with the network camera by means of air supplying channels of the circular flange and on another side continuously communicated with the circular chamber of working stroke by means of a circular throttle channel formed with a bushing of the impact mechanism and a rod part of the striker. Also, the rod is alternately communicated depending on position between the stepped striker of the circular distributing chamber and the idle stroke chamber.

Device for making wells in soil / 2389856
Device for making wells in soil includes body, anvil, striker, tail, accessories for air relief in process of direct and reverse travel of pneumatic drill and fixation of hose. Along anvil axis there is a channel arranged, besides the end of anvil near bottomhole is directly plugged, and channel communicates to adjacent layers of soil with the help of one ore several holes in side part of anvil.

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: percussion mechanism includes a cylindrical housing with a sleeve and outlet channels, a working tool with a shank, a stepped piston with stock and main parts with a central channel and a sleeve with a longitudinal channel-slot and a hole in the stock part of the piston, which divides the cylindrical housing cavity into an annular chamber on the side of stock part of the piston, an idle stroke chamber on the side of the working tool shank and an annular distributing chamber in the sleeve of the cylindrical housing on the side of the piston stock part, an annular flange with air supply holes to the annular distributing chamber and a through axial channel for passage of the rod with a shutoff valve, a fastening shell fixed relative to the cylindrical housing, a network air chamber formed with the shell with and air supply channel and an annular flange, which is fixed in the through axial channel of the annular flange, the rod with the shutoff valve that constantly interacts with a longitudinal channel-slot in the hole of the sleeve located in the central channel of the piston, which connects periodically, depending on position of the stepped piston, the annular distributing chamber and the idle stroke chamber to each other. In the section of interaction of the annular stage of the cylindrical housing sleeve with the stock part of the piston there is an annular gap with a design flow cross-section, and on stock part of the piston there is a throttling bypass channel-slot that constantly connects the annular distributing chamber to the annular chamber.

EFFECT: excluding distortions of the rod with the shutoff valve and increasing their life time; providing required amount of air in design mode of operation of a supply mechanism for creation of a design power pressure pulse of air on the side of the annular working stroke chamber.

7 cl, 2 dwg

Pneumatic impact mechanism refers to the mechanisms used in the machines of the impact of various purposes.

Known pneumatic percussion mechanism (A.S. The USSR №275931, MKL of 21 3/24, 1970)containing a stepped cylinder, managing rod attached to cylinder, drummer with the Central canal, occasionally interacting with a rod and share stepped cylinder on camera: a network of air from the side of the rod, intermediate ring stroke and idling by the shank of the stroke, the exhaust ports in the cylinder wall to periodically issue of extract air from the ring chamber of the stroke and the camera is idle.

The disadvantage camera idling pneumatic impact mechanism is the installation of a rod, rigidly fixed to cylinder and periodically communicates with the mouth of the Central channel drummer, resulting in the oscillations of the rod shaft misalignment relative to the channel, split Yes part of the drummer and rod gets residual bending strain causing it to break and stop the firing mechanism.

Also known pneumatic percussion mechanism, (A.S. USSR №359382, MKL of 21 3/24 1972 - prototype), Pneumatic impact mechanism, which includes the cylindrical housing with Bush and outlet channels, a working tool shank, stepped piston with rod and main parts with the Central canal and the sleeve longitudinal channel-a groove and a hole in the part of the piston rod, separating the cavity of the cylindrical body of the ring distribution chamber in the sleeve cylindrical body from the side of the piston rod and camera idling from tool holder, ring flange holes intake air in the ring distribution chamber and cross-cutting axial channel for the passage of a rod with a shut-off valve mounting glass, fixed relative to the cylindrical body, the camera network of air formed by mounting a glass of channel and the ring flange mounted and through the axial channel ring flange rod with a shut-off valve, constantly interacting with a longitudinal channel-groove in the bore of the sleeve located in the Central channel step of the piston, connecting periodically, depending on the position of step piston ring distribution chamber and chamber idling between themselves. Pneumatic percussion mechanism, as containing the largest number of essential features included in the estimated technical solution, taken as a prototype.

As disadvantages of the prototype should be noted: the annular atmospheric pressure formed by cylindrical body and the piston rod is not involved in the formation of the power of the pulse pressure air with her hand, that impedes the impact energy; implementation of the piston rod must ensure landing installed in the cylinder sleeve, ensuring alignment with rod with shut-off valve, which is practically impossible and, as a rule, distorts rod with a shut-off valve in the Bush, inhibition of reduction of service life of the piston and the rod.

The task of the claimed invention: reduce air resistance in the choke bypass channel-groove, thus, increase the energy of a single impact.

Technical solution pneumatic impact mechanism is the following: pneumatic impact mechanism, which includes the cylindrical body with Bush and outlet channels, a working tool shank, stepped piston with rod and main parts with the Central canal and the sleeve longitudinal channel-a groove and a hole in the part of the piston rod, separating the cavity of the cylindrical body of the ring distribution chamber in sleeve is a cylindrical body from the side of the piston rod and camera idling from tool holder, ring flange holes intake air in the ring distribution chamber and cross-cutting axial channel for the passage of a rod with a shut-off valve mounting glass, fixed relative to the cylindrical body, the camera network of air formed by mounting a glass of channel and the ring flange mounted and through the axial channel ring flange rod with a shut-off valve, constantly interacting with a longitudinal channel-groove in the sleeve opening, located in the Central channel step of the piston, connecting periodically, depending on the position of step piston ring distribution chamber and chamber of idling among themselves, and in the area of interaction of the ring steps sleeve cylindrical body with the piston rod is made an annular gap with estimated throat, and on the part of the piston rod is made on its generatrix butterfly bypass-groove constantly telling ring distribution chamber ring camera. Butterfly bypass duct and groove on the part of the piston rod can be made in a cross section of rectangular, square, trapezoidal, oval, triangular in shape, in the form of flats.

Execution of pneumatic impact mechanism is illustrated by a drawing of a longitudinal incision.

Pneumatic impact mechanism contains a cylindrical body 1, stage piston 2 to the rod part 3 and the main part 4, bushing 5, which is the stroke step piston 2. Stage piston 2 has a Central channel 6 radial channels 7 and shares the cavity of the cylindrical body 1 the Grande distribution chamber 8, formed a cylindrical body 1 and sleeve 5, by rod part 3 step piston 2, ring camera 9 working progress formed by cylindrical body 1, rod part 3 step piston 2 and step the main part of step 4 of the piston 2, constantly communicated with the ring of a distributive camera 8 throttle bypass channel-groove 10, made on the lateral surface of the rod part 3 step piston 2. Butterfly bypass-groove 10 can be executed in the cross section of rectangular (Figure 1), or square (not shown), or trapezoidal (not shown), or oval (not shown), or triangle (not shown) form, or in the form of flats (Figure 2). Luggage 11 idling, educated cylindrical body 1, a stepped piston 2 and shank 12 working tool 13, which is held regarding the cylindrical body 1, for example, leaf spring 14 from arbitrary destroyed. The Central channel 6 step piston 2 via radial channels 7 communicated constantly with the camera 11 idling. Cylindrical body 1 is equipped with the opposite 12 butt mounting glass of 15 with channel 16 for the transport of compressed air in the chamber of 17 air network formed by mounting a glass of 15 and ring flange 18, which made the holes 19 supplying air constantly connecting the camera 17 air network and the ring distribution chamber 8 among themselves. In the circular flange of 18, is enshrined, for example, bolted 20 rod 21 with shut-off valve 22, constantly interacting with Bush 23, installed in the Central channel 6 rod part 3 step piston 2. Sleeve 23 equipped with a longitudinal channel-groove 24 for periodic messages, depending on the position of a stepped-piston 2, ring junction 8 camera and camera 11 idling through the Central channel 6 and radial channels at step 7 of the piston 2. Cylindrical body 1 is equipped with outlet channels 25 and 26 periodically reporting, depending on the position of a stepped-piston 2, ring camera 9 of the stroke and the camera 11 idle atmosphere for the purpose of issuing of them spent the air. Value of possible radial displacements, excluding pinched shut-off valve 22 rod 21 in the hole 27 sleeve 23 and the center channel 6 step piston 2 must be no less possible radial displacements of the rod part 3 step piston 2 in the hole to suck 28, formed between the rod part 3 step piston 2 and bushing 5.

Pneumatic impact mechanism works as follows.

After the activation of the starter (not shown and can be any known) air arrives from the network on channel 16 in mounting a glass of 15 into the camera 17 air network. Then through the holes 19 intake air in the circular flange of the 18 air enters the ring distribution chamber 8. Of circular distribution chamber 8 in the longitudinal channel-groove 24 and 27 hole sleeve 23 rod in part 3 step piston 2 air enters through the Central channel 6 step piston 2 and its radial channels 7 in the camera 11 idling. Simultaneously in the annular space 28 and throttle channel-groove 10 (any of the indicated cross section) air from the ring junction 8 camera enters the ring camera 9 stroke connected with atmosphere through the exhaust port 25. In the beginning of the movement stepped piston 2, continues filling the air chamber 11 idling, providing an estimate of the pulse idling. Under the action of pulse pressure air from the camera 11 idling stage piston 2 continues to move towards the ring distribution chamber 8, making idle. In the subsequent movement stepped piston 2 overlaps exhaust channel 25 in a cylindrical body 1, a 27 hole and longitudinal channel-groove 24 sleeve 23 rod part 3 step piston 2 overlaps shut-off valve 22 rod 21 and the flow of air into the 11 idling stop. After the opening of the main part of step 4 of the piston 2 outlet 26 air pressure in the chamber 11 idling is aligned to atmosphere. In annular chamber 9 stroke after its dissociation with the atmosphere will compress the air, in an off her and air from the ring junction 8 camera via the annular gap 28, and a throttle bypass-groove 10 to some design value. Air pressure in the annular distribution chamber 8, annular chamber 9 stroke increases under the influence of a difference of pressure pulses acting on the stage piston 2 to the sides of the ring distribution chamber 8, annular 9 of the stroke and the camera 11 idling, stepped piston 2 slows down and stops at design point. Immediately under the action of pulse pressure air from the ring distribution chamber 8, and the ring chamber 9 stroke stage piston 2 begins to move in the direction of the shank 12 working tool 13, making a stroke. At this stage piston 2 to open the exhaust port 25 and annular 9 stroke is vented to atmosphere. Next stage piston 2 to shut all its lateral surface of the discharge channel 26, opens the hole 27 and longitudinal channel-groove 24 sleeve 23 rod part 3 step piston 2, therefore, chamber 11 idling will compress the trimmed in her air and air entering through longitudinal channel-groove 24, 27 hole, the Central channel 6 and the radial channel 7 of circular distribution chamber 8. After the opening of the outlet channel 25 pressure in the annular chamber 9 stroke drops to a value of the atmospheric.

As the working area of the main part of step 4 of the piston 2 from the side of the camera 11 idling more square end rod part 3 step piston 2, under the influence of a difference of pulses of air pressures from these cameras stage piston 2, overcoming the back pressure from the side of the camera 11 idling strike 12 working tool 13. Under the action of pulse rebound and air pressure from the side of the camera 11 idling stage piston 2 starts idling. Next work cycle pneumatic impact mechanism is repeated.