Gas generator for directed rock destruction
 Pneumatic impact mechanism / 2477778Pneumatic device of impact action includes a cylindrical body with a bushing and outlet channels, a working tool with a tail, a stepped piston with stem and main parts with a central channel and a bushing with a longitudinal channel-slot and a hole in a stem part of the piston, which separates the cavity of the cylindrical body into a circular distribution chamber in the bushing of the cylindrical body at the side of the stem part of the piston and an idle chamber at the side of the working element tail, a circular flange with holes of air supply into the circular distribution chamber and a through axial channel for passage of a rod with a stop valve, a fastening sleeve fixed relative to the cylindrical body, a network air chamber formed by the fastening sleeve with the air supply channel and the circular flange, a rod with a stop valve fixed in the through axial channel of the circular flange, which continuously interacts with the longitudinal channel-slot in the hole of the bushing arranged in the central channel of the stepped piston, which connects from time to time, depending on the stepped piston position, the circular distribution chamber and the idle chamber to each other. In the section of interaction of the circular stage of the bushing of the cylindrical body with the stem part of the piston there is a circular gap with a rated throughput section, and on the inner side surface of the bushing there is a throttling helical channel-slot arranged along its entire length, which continuously communicates the distribution chamber with the circular chamber. |
 Submerged-type electric pulse drill / 2477370Submerged-type electric pulse drill is intended for drilling of wells and driving of shafts in hard mine rocks destructed with high-voltage discharges developed in them, and can be used in mining industry. Drill head (6) is attached to lower flange of drill (2) housing. In drill (2) housing there coaxially installed is washing pipeline (1) that is passed through the drill cover plate (3) and high-voltage insulator (5) provided with insulation ribs (8), which are inclined towards drill head (6), which provides collection of impurities in annular sump tank (9) and their removal from the drill through discharge valve (10) by increasing the gas pressure in it, thus multiply increasing the service life of insulation elements of the drill. It is facilitated with the diameter of lower high-voltage insulator (5) exceeding its support rib (7) in comparison to inner diameter of mounting flange (11). In order to increase the drill service life and reduce the time required for its maintenance, high-voltage pulse source is made as per Arkadyev-Marx scheme, capacitors (17) of which are arranged around washing pipeline (1) and assembled to detachable capacitor sections, each of which includes one or more capacitors (17), two buses (19), two charge elements and support insulator (20). |
 Pneumatic impact mechanism / 2477362Pneumatic impact mechanism is designed for application in impact machines of different purpose. It comprises a cylindrical body with a bushing and outlet channels, a working tool with a tail, a stepped piston with stem and main parts with a central channel and a bushing with a longitudinal channel-slot and a hole in the stem part of the piston, which separates the cavity of the cylindrical body into a circular chamber at the side of the stem part of the piston, an idle chamber at the side of the working tool tail and a circular distribution chamber in the bushing of the cylindrical body at the side of the stem part of the piston, a circular flange with holes of air supply into the circular distribution chamber and a through axial hole for passage of a rod with a stop valve, a fastening sleeve fixed relative to the cylindrical body, a network air chamber formed by the sleeve with an air-supply channel and a circular flange, a rod with a stop valve fixed in the through axial channel of the circular flange, which permanently interacts with the longitudinal channel-slot in the hole of the bushing being located in the central channel of the piston, connecting periodically, depending on the stepped piston position, the distribution chamber and the idle chamber between each other. In the section of interaction of the circular step of the cylindrical body bushing with the stem part of the piston there is a circular gap with a rated throughput section, and on the stem part of the piston there is a throttling relief helical channel-slot, which permanently communicates the distribution chamber with the circular chamber. |
 Pneumatic hammer with throttle air control valve / 2475353Invention relates to percussion machine to break rocks and frozen soils. Proposed hammer comprises circuit chamber, hollow cylinder to house striker with central channel separating cylinder chamber into idle and working stroke chambers, central tube, extra tube with end closed on the side of idle stroke chamber, and working tool. Central tube extends through central channel of striker to communicate circuit chamber with idle stroke chamber. Said extra tube is arranged coaxially with annular clearance inside said central tube to communicate circuit chamber with idle stroke chamber. Cover has central trough bore for central tube to extend there through. Said cover is fitted on hollow cylinder end on the side of idle stroke chamber. Side surfaces of central tube and cover central trough bore make throttling channel to communicate circuit chamber with working stroke chamber. Hollow cylinder sidewall has radial discharge channel. Radial channel is made in central tube on the side of working stroke chamber. Distance between the most distant edges of radial discharge channel and radial channel of central tube does not exceed the length generating line of striker. |
 Electric pulse drilling bit / 2471987Electric pulse drilling bit comprises cylindrical, coaxially arranged and separated with a high-voltage insulator outer and inner crowns made with side washing windows. The bottomhole part of the outer crown is equipped with evenly arranged radial ribs-electrodes, between every pair of which there is one outer radial rib-electrode of the inner crown installed in an equidistant manner. The value of the gap between the outer and inner crowns, in which a high-voltage bushing is installed, is more than electrode-to-electrode distance in the bottomhole part of the electric pulse drilling bit. As an option, width and height or diametre of upper washing windows of the inner crown are more than the maximum electrode-to-electrode distance. As an option, upper washing windows of the inner crown are arranged at height from its bottomhole end surface that is higher than height of largest core pieces. |
 Well device to form directed cracks / 2471986Device comprises a tubular shell with longitudinal slots, filled with a plastic substance, a sleeve screwed onto its end and having a threaded central hole, where a screw is screwed in, and an elastic shell placed onto a tubular shell. The screw is made in the form of a bushing with an outer thread, where a rod is inserted as capable of longitudinal displacement limited in its respect. In the elastic shell there are longitudinal slots made that match with longitudinal slots of the tubular shell. The bushing with the outer thread and the rod are connected to each other so that they eliminate possibility of their rotation relative to each other. |
 Method to control process of electric pulse damage of solid bodies / 2471068Method includes creation of a field of mechanical stresses in a solid body that exceed the limit of its strength from action of powerful impact waves, a source of which is a discharge channel generated between electrodes installed in the body and high-voltage pulses connected to a generator. In process of damage the amplitude of the 3rd harmonic of current is registered in the low-voltage circuit of high-voltage pulse generator supply in case of breakthrough of solid or liquid media, they are compared, and based on results of comparison of amplitudes, a decision is made on efficiency of solid body damage. |
 Electric pulse method of rock slabs cutting / 2468205Electric pulse method of slabs cutting is performed by delivery of high-voltage pulses to double-electrode device with high-voltage and grounded electrodes moved along submerged slab. Before high-voltage pulses delivery to high-voltage electrode, grounded electrode is put under lower surface of elevated slab and high-voltage electrode is installed on side surface of the slab at chosen distance from grounded electrode. Then upon delivery of high-voltage pulses to high-voltage electrode as far as slab is being destroyed above grounded electrode, electrode assembly is elevated to slab height and is lowered to initial position, and operations are repeated till required cut is obtained. |
 Combined air-impact device / 2468204Combined air-impact device includes a needle fixed in head part of the housing, working and auxiliary chambers separated with a spool valve with calibrated channel for connection of the above chambers, calibrated channel for connection of auxiliary chamber to atmosphere at the corresponding position of spool valve, stepped longitudinal channel for arrangement in the latter of differential piston and check valve, and which opens discharge ports of the working chamber periodically. Device is made in the form of combined structure containing front and rear housings with compressed air pulse escape mechanism and shank of two nipples connected to each other; at that, exhaust openings of working chamber in front housing of the device are oriented at design angle within more than 90°, but less than 180°, and in rear housing at design angle within more than 0°, but less than 90° relative to shank part from longitudinal axis of combined structure, and shank with air-distributing mechanism for compressed air supply at design pressure P1 or P2 to auxiliary chambers of the device and consisting of spring-loaded stock-piston with central and transverse channels and system of air-distributing channels supplying the compressed air to auxiliary chamber of front and rear housings with possibility of alternating supply to them of compressed air at pressure P1 or P2 at the corresponding position of stock-piston in the shank. |
 Transfer mechanism / 2467866Invention relates to mechanisms for torque transfer and may be used in perforators and/or chisel hammers. The transfer mechanism comprises a torque transfer facility comprising the first profiled section for torque transfer in interaction with the first part, the second profiled section for torque transfer in interaction with the second part and an intermediate section. The first profiled section and the second profiled section are arranged with at least partial match of profiles designed for transfer of torques. The intermediate section is arranged between the first profiled section and the second profiled section and has a radius reduced relative to the first profiled section and the second profiled section. The first profiled section has a radius of circumference of teeth tops, which is smaller than the radius of circumference of teeth tops in the second profiled section with identical radii of groove circumference. |
 Pneumatic impact action machine / 2244827Machine includes barrel made of impact and static sections, mounted telescopically one in another with possible axial displacement, excluding axial impaction thereof to each other, while both sections are placed in resilient body, made of elastomer, and body has inner bead formed by coaxial recesses of greater and lesser diameters, while impact section is placed in recess of lesser diameter on the outer side of body, and static section is placed in body recess of greater diameter and has outer bead for interaction with appropriate inner bead of body, and also has longitudinal grooves on outer surface, made along forming lines, portion of which by radial drain ports near inner end of barrel are connected to straight drive chamber, and second part connected to back flow chamber by drain ports near outer end of barrel, below-valve and above-valve saddles, respectively covers for barrel and valve box, are made in form of straight and reversed cones, and valve is made of elastic polymer in form of two-tab construction, tabs of which consist of two hollow truncated cones, rigidly interconnected by bases, with forming of chamber, conical on both sides, and outer conical surfaces of upper and lower tabs match conical surfaces of respectively above-valve and below-valve saddles and interact with them in turns, impact mechanism is made of two masses serially placed in barrel - striker and piston, having spherical ends for interaction with forming of intermediate chamber between them, working implement holder lid, fixed on outer end of body, made of elastomer, has a recess in form of inner cone inside ring-shaped edge for interaction with appropriate outer cone on body and pass aperture in base near center, diameter of which matches diameter of bead on replaceable implement, holder of working implement is made of shockproof elastomer in form of cut bushing, having a bead outside for interaction with bottom inside lid and a cylindrical portion, diameter of which matches diameter of pass valve in lid, in which it is mounted, and inner holder diameter matches diameter of neck of replaceable working implement. |
 Pneumatic hammer / 2244828Proposed hammer has housing with two working chambers, upper and lower ones, arranged in tandem and divided by bridge with hole. Striker in form of rod with two pistons end ends, upper and lower ones, is installed in chambers. Striker is in contact with shank of working tool. Hammer is provided with air distributor and channels in housing. Channel along which compressed air is supplied to execute idle stroke of striker are laid only to lower part of upper chamber under upper piston. Chamber under lower piston is in constant communication with atmosphere through holes in walls of housing in zone of contact of striker with shank of working tool. |
 Vibro-protective device for suspension hammer / 2246616Device has impact assembly, support for fixing impact assembly, pneumatic tanks, mounted between impact assembly and support. Pneumatic tanks are interconnected constantly by air-conducting sleeve. One of tanks is connected to compressed air source by air-conductive sleeve, containing adjusting device for changing rigidity of tanks dependent on changes in physical-mechanical properties of destructed object. |
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Method for non-explosive destructive means obtaining / 2251619 Method involves reducing limestone to powder state, mixing powder with fine solid fuel; granulating thereof; high-temperature roasting the obtained granules in bed by penetration method under temperature of not less than 1500°C; grinding roasted granules to obtain the following fractional composition (% by weight): particles with 0.1 mm or lesser size- 30-50, particles with 0.1-0.25 mm size - 25-40, particles with 0.25-0.5 mm size - 15-25, particles with 0.5 mm and greater size - up to 20. To provide increased expansion clinker binding agent, for instance Portland cement taken in amount of 10-30% of roasted product mass is added to roasted granules. |
 Device for destruction of rocks by hydraulic fracturing / 2253013Device has hollow cylindrical body with radial apertures and ring-shaped shelves at the ends and self-compacting collars. These are mounted on opposite ends of body and are adjacent by bases to its ring-shaped shelves. On the latter barrels are fitted with central apertures in bases. Through barrels and body a pipe is let with possible longitudinal displacement relatively to body, having radial apertures, ring-shaped shelf at one end and outer thread at other end. Pipe is pressurized on the side of ring-shaped shelf, its radial apertures are in zone of radial apertures of body, one barrel is stopped against ring-shaped shelf of pipe, and other barrel is connected to pipe by threaded connection. |
 Thermal-mechanical drilling device / 2256764Drilling device has drilling tool made as boring rod with rock-cutting members and flame-jet burner installed at end thereof. Device also comprises pipelines for supplying fuel, water and air from discharge compressor outlet to flame-jet burner, as well as compressor with filter arranged at suction pipe inlet. Filter comprises body with condensate-tapper, converging nozzle and deflector. Flame-jet burner is made as a plurality of nozzles. Number of burner nozzles is divisible by 2. Each nozzle has curvilinear grooves extending from inlet orifice to outlet one in longitudinal direction. Curvature of groove generatrix of one nozzle advances in clockwise direction. Curvature of groove generatrix of another nozzle advances in counterclockwise direction. |
 Percussion device / 2258138Device has resilient seals, hydropneumatic accumulator piston movably installed in device body and comprising cylindrical shaft connected to piston end facing hydraulic chamber thereof and mating device body. Cylindrical shaft has annular groove formed in medium part thereof and brings end chamber of distribution means having larger diameter into communication with draining pipeline or with working liquid source through body channels. End chamber having lesser diameter permanently communicates with working liquid source. Rear cavity of working stroke chamber located behind working end of percussion piston communicates with working liquid source or with working stroke chamber through body channels and two check valves. |
 Pneumatic hammer with throttle air distribution structure / 2259477Pneumatic hammer comprises arm with cup, executive tool, body with outlet channel closed with lid from arm side and defining annular prechamber for system air between cup and lid, working and idle stroke chambers, displacement chamber located between lid and larger body step and pressurizing chamber defined by recess with cut-off edges permanently formed on inner side surface of central stepped channel by annular prechamber communicated with compressed air system. Hammer also has inlet throttle channel formed in pressurizing chamber wall, annular neck portion located in central stepped lid channel between pressurizing and displacement chambers, bypass displacing channel having radial outlet formed in the body and communicating with working stroke chamber arranged between pressurizing chamber and outlet channel formed in the body and striker with upper and lower cut-off edges located in central stepped channel along body axis. Distance between the striker edges is greater than distance between displacement chamber outlet and cutoff edge of larger central channel step. Hammer is additionally provided with inlet throttle channel made in the lid and permanently communicated with annular prechamber. Radial bypass displacing channel inlet is formed in the annular neck portion between pressurizing and displacing chambers from displacing chamber side so that distance between cut-off edges of displacing chamber on side central stepped body channel surface is greater than distance between cut-off striker edges. |
 Pneumatic hammer with throttle air distribution structure / 2259478Pneumatic hammer has body with radial outlet channel and central channel, lid with annular shoulder and central orifice supported by body end in air-tight manner, striker with through axial channel dividing central body channel into working and idle stroke chambers, tube having blind shoulder arranged from lid side, longitudinal and radial channels. The tube is installed coaxially in central body channel and cooperates with through axial channel of the striker and with central lid orifice by side wall thereof so that annular dap is created between tube and lid. The annular gap may be closed with blind lid shoulder. Hammer has cup, which is air-tightly installed relative annular shoulder and body so that annular accumulation chamber is formed between side cup surface and lid. Annular accumulation chamber is permanently communicated with idle stroke chamber by radial bypass channel in the body. Annular lid shoulder and cup with air inlet channel define prechamber. Air inlet channel permanently communicate prechamber with compressed air system through air hose and nipple releasable connected to the cup. Hammer comprises ring with outlet orifices forming outlet chamber between the body and outlet channel, executive tool with shank and shoulder cooperating with body end and with shank cooperating with hammer, cap with annular shock absorber retaining executive tool from falling out of central body channel. Executive tool shank is provided with central blind hole for receiving tube rested upon bottom thereof. Side surfaces of the tube and central blind hole cooperate to define annular channel having throat, which is not less than that of longitudinal tube channel. |
 Control method for operation cycle of hydraulic percussion machine / 2260121Method involves permanently connecting return stroke chamber to system comprising liquid source and accumulator; connecting forward stroke chamber alternately to liquid source or to drain means adapted to discharge liquid into vessel through hydraulic distribution means including the first and the second control chambers, wherein forward stroke chamber is connected to liquid source in response to a control signal which controls striker shifting into forward stroke, and forward stroke chamber is connected to drain means in response to a control signal which controls striker shifting into return stroke after striker fixation; exerting permanent additional force upon the second control chamber connected to upper striker location sensor. Above alternate connection between forward stroke chamber and liquid source or drain means is carried out by means of quick-acting valve connected to liquid source, to drain means and to the first chamber of hydraulic distribution means. Above control signals for striker shifting into forward or return strokes are transmitted to quick-acting valve from control unit. Time delays for control signal transmission are set manually or with the use of control unit to provide quick-acting valve shifting relative synchronization moment set by timing sensor in accordance to operation condition sensor signal magnitude. |
FIELD: mining.
SUBSTANCE: device includes casing with located in it fuel element with through channels along the axis filled with oxidising agent. On the surface of fuel element end part, from the side of firing device, there is a disc with diameter exceeding casing internal diameter by 0.5-1.0 mm. Disc is made of material resistant to thermal-oxidative ageing.
EFFECT: increase of operation reliability and stability.
2 cl, 1 dwg
The invention relates to mining activities carried out, for example, when breaking a block of stone, the destruction of natural and artificial objects, the extraction of precious and semi-precious stones in a sparing mode. As a rule, these works are performed with the use of explosives), which have a negative impact on the environment and affect the quality of products produced. For example, the use of EXPLOSIVES in mining blocks monolith rocks, tunnel drilling blast hole charges, reduces the output condicionado stone [1] or zakonchennoe the destruction of the array due to stresses generated under the influence of detonation (and associated presentatio), characteristic of any CENTURIES in one way or another. The use of EXPLOSIVES with a low velocity of detonation, for example Granulin-1,2 or hose charges type of SSA [2] does not completely exclude these harmful effects. To eliminate these effects, you can use different types of generators (GT) and devices operating in the not-detonation mode.
Known composition for blasting (patent RU 2152376) which includes: a solid oxidant and a combustible liquid or solid hydrocarbon energy additive of aluminum. The advantages of this structure include ease of manufacture, at the same time, there is a significant disadvantage when using the years as a combustible liquid hydrocarbon and aluminum properties of the composition are approaching nizkobyudzhetnym CENTURIES.
Known gas generator (patent RU №2211923)containing the reactants for initiating which creates a high pressure in the charging cavity, ensuring the destruction of rocks when mining a block of stone, precious and semi-precious stones, objects in moderate (not high) mode. The application of the BIENNIUM based on the method of drilling and blasting operations (patent RU №2153069).
Authors as a prototype of the selected gas generator patent RU No. 2211923. The advantages of the prototype are as follows:
the stability and homogeneity of the composition, as in the cross section and along the length of the BIENNIUM,
minimal variation in the composition of the core components in its equipment;
- cross-section of the BIENNIUM may be in the form of a circle, hexagon, square or any other shape that provides a sufficiently dense packing of channels oriented along the axis YY.
In the design of the prototype has a number of shortcomings, namely:
- it is difficult to mechanize the loading process GG solid oxidant, as equipment oxidant is carried out on a shaker, it is not possible to provide a ledge fuel element 2-3 mm above the surface of the oxidizer, otherwise oxidant completely covers the combustible element, which leads to the impossibility of ignition composition YY;
- storage and transportation BIENNIUM should be strictly vertical situation the AI, to avoid spilling of the oxidant in the space reserved for the installation of the igniter (SU), and that there was no violation of the homogeneity of the boot.
The technical object of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks while maintaining the positive qualities of this prototype. The technical result is achieved by the fact that:
1. The gas generator for the directional fracture (Figure 1) rocks, including the housing 4 and placed therein a combustible element 5 with end-to-end along the axis of the channels filled with oxidizer 6, characterized in that on the surface of the end part of the fuel element from the side of the igniter, a ROM 3, a diameter exceeding the inner diameter of the gas generator 0.5-1.0 mm and a thickness of 2.0 to 5.0 mm
2. The gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the disc is made of resistant thermal-oxidative aging of the material, for example polyethylene.
Introduction to the design of the gas generator (1) new item in the form of a disk 3, provides for the storage and transportation of not waking oxidant into the cavity YY designed to install SU. On the basis of the experiment, the diameter of the disk is taken at 0.5-1.0 mm more in relation to the inner diameter of the core and a thickness of 2.0-5.0 mm (if the disc thickness is less than 2 mm, only the scarfing rigidity - possible spilling of the oxidant into the cavity of the igniter; and likewise when the disk diameter is less than 0.5 mm with respect to the inner diameter of the casing; when the increase in the size of the disk diameter is more than 1.0 mm and a thickness of more than 5.0 mm leads to waste of material).
The disc must be admitted to long-term contact with the used oxidizing agent, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, etc. According to our data, these materials are preferably used in the form of a foam, propanpropilen or polystyrene foam to reduce weight with a guaranteed lack of contact with oxidizing agent into the cavity intended for the armed forces, as well as to reduce variation in length from the composition of the BIENNIUM to the sun. It should be noted that the installation disk allows to mechanize the loading process oxidant, thereby to reduce the share of manual labour and reproducibility of the parameters of the GG from batch to batch. The technology boot:
- installation disk 3 on the upper part of the fuel element 5 in the housing of the gas generator 4;
insert the Assembly process of the cover 2, rests in the mounted above the disk (additional support for the drive from offset);
- installation of this Assembly bottom part of the BIENNIUM in the conductor. The number of simultaneously mounted assemblies is determined by the scale of production and the availability of necessary is imago equipment (shaker, his power, settings, conductor);
- vibrotherapy oxidant in the body BIENNIUM through the conductor;
- dismantling of assemblies BIENNIUM from the conductor after downloading oxidant;
- ready to build YY mounted to the bottom 1 and the next BIENNIUM are sent further to the warehouse or to the customer). The use of the gas generator by appointment involves the replacement of process covers on the igniting device 7. Such activities increase the safety of their application. Given prototype drive may be in the form of a circle, square or hexagon.
Sources of information
1. Karasev YG, Tank N.T. Natural stone. Production of block and stone wall. The St. Petersburg mining Institute. SPb, 1997. 428 S.
2. Nefedov M.A. Directed destruction of rocks by explosion. SPb.: The publishing house S.-Petersburg University, 1991. 188 C.
1. The gas generator for the targeted destruction of rocks, including the housing and placed in it a combustible element with end-to-end along the axis of the channels filled with an oxidant, wherein on the surface of the end part of the fuel element from the side of the igniter device is set to disk with a diameter greater than the inner diameter of the core 0,5-1,0 mm
2. The gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the disc is made of stand the CSOs to thermal-oxidative aging of the material for prolonged contact with oxidant, for example, polyethylene.