Construction of allopelagic trawl board of improved efficiency, obtained using materials and methods of universal accessibility. RU patent 2501214.

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: trawl board has front and rear edges, at least one main deflector housing and at least one slat. At least a part of the trawl board has a profile in which at least one slat has a front edge located in front of the rear edge of at least one main deflector housing. In the first version, at least one slat is located at an internal angle formed by converging of the first imaginary straight line connecting the shortest distance between the front and the rear edges, at least one slat and the second imaginary straight line connecting the front and the rear edges selected from the group consisting of front and rear edges, at least one main deflector housing, and the front and the rear edges of the trawl board. In the second version, each of at least two slats is located at an internal angle formed by converging of the first imaginary straight line connecting the shortest distance between the front and the rear edges of each of at least two slats, and the second imaginary straight line connecting the front and the rear edges selected from the group consisting of the edges of one main deflector housing and the edge of the trawl board.

EFFECT: method enables to increase the efficiency of trawling.

26 cl, 6 dwg

The technical field to which the invention relates

The present invention relates generally to trawl boards and, more specifically, to trawl boards, able to ensure increased and quite a high efficiency of operation. Trawl, according to the present invention, can substantially reduce the resistance of the whole of a trawl system and thus save fuel fishing trawler with a simultaneous increase efficiency.

Description of the prior art

In the field of designing and manufacturing floating trawl there is a tendency for both receiving floating trawl, working with maximum efficiency and manufacture flat trawl in contrast V-neck (formed by two intersecting planes) trawl boards. There is a widespread belief still unanimously confirmed experimentally, that the greatest efficiency can be achieved for floating trawl through the use of flat trawl, not V-shaped trawl. Thus, the trend in the industry consists in the construction of only the flat trawl for high-performance design of floating trawl, not a V-shaped (formed by two intersecting planes) design of trawl. In fact, in many developed large-scale fishing pelagic trawl fisheries, such as Pollock fisheries, V-shaped trawl are not used or are used in such small quantities that they are irrelevant.

As noted above, the tendency in development, production and use of floating trawl is to deploy the operation of flat constructions of trawl to increase efficiency, it is widely opinion, if not everywhere believe in this field that are just flat design of trawl able to maximize the effectiveness of the characteristics of the trawl. That is, maximizing the horizontal distribution network of the trawl in a given set of conditions with a certain trawler while minimizing the resistance of the water (braking) for a particular trawler, thus, allowing to reduce fuel consumption, leads to maximum efficiency of operations trawling.

Thus, we can observe that, although the trend in this field is the development, production and use of flat designs floating trawl in contrast to a V-shaped structures floating trawl, the basis of this trend is the fact that still flat construction floating trawl optimized the efficiency of operation of the pelagic trawlers. In trying to better targeting the need for the highest efficiency floating trawl were also offered extensive trawl that maximize buoyancy and trawl profile wing that maximize lifting force (i.e. support) and to minimise the resistance. An example of such a trawl boards and is described in US patent-A-4640037, which describes Board with a cross-section of a wing, which is made from a sheet material. Board consists of the main reflector, with a modified form for the generation of many slots along the front edge of the main vent to facilitate the hydrodynamic characteristics of the Board.

However, it is extremely expensive to produce extensive trawl of steel, and steel plates is the main universal material for construction of a trawl boards, and also it is great and even unreasonably expensive to produce really optimized design trawl doors with profile wing of steel.

In an attempt to address these issues pending currently, the patent application Iceland № 7371, entitled "high-Speed, highly hydrodynamic efficiency, lightweight cast a trawl Board and ways of its use and production", offers the use of special plastic materials that can withstand the harsh operating conditions experienced by trawlers boards, unlike previous plastics used in trawl boards, provide improved buoyancy in water at simultaneous ability to moldable in any configuration by placing liquid the solution in the form of any configuration, and the liquid then hardens, becoming the necessary hard plastic that has the configuration form.

However, although the content is under consideration in the present patent application Iceland № 7371 actually looks like describing the construction of a trawl boards and methods of obtaining the optimal effective of a trawl boards, is a fact that the method of production of such a trawl boards completely unprecedented, and the starting price for the receipt and production of necessary production equipment is too high to be acceptable to the broad majority of producers floating trawl. In addition, the required plastic material is proprietary and is not currently available for the vast majority of manufacturers of trawl.

Thus, we can say that in this field there is an urgent need in the construction of a trawl boards made from everywhere available materials and using widely available and already implemented production equipment and methods which also considerably more efficient than the well-known constructions of trawl, which also uses such everywhere available materials, the widespread production equipment and methods.

Definitions

"Aspect ratio": refers to the height of a trawl Board with respect to the width of a trawl boards. For example, a trawl Board, has a height of two (2) metres and a width of one (1) meter, has the aspect ratio of 2:1 (two to one).

"Profile": means the form of the cross section of a trawl Board or part of a trawl boards seen in the plane perpendicular to the vertical dimension of this part of the trawl boards.

"A trawl Board": means a lot essentially rigid structures with hard deflectors (for example, not formed from foldable fabric, like a kite and can be placed in the mass of water for the towage vessel and is usually attached to the front end by the end of primary tug or other tow rope depending on the tug, and tail end to another rope, which eventually attached to another subject. When working trawl perform the function of converting a portion of the advance and/or energy, which is attached towage vessel, horizontally directed force to spread horizontally-oriented network trawl tow group of the complex seismic exploration, rope etc.

"The height of a trawl Board": the height of a trawl Board determined the smallest distance between the top edge of a trawl Board and the bottom trawl boards. Measurement of the height of a trawl boards usually does not include any aspect exclusively weight part or of the kind, but rather refers to the part of the construction of a trawl boards that can effectively create a lifting force and/or support.

Width of a trawl Board": the width of a trawl boards is limited to the smallest distance between the front and back edges of a trawl boards taken from the profile part of a trawl boards. Regarding the trawl doors with direct front and back edges, usually width is the same along the vertical dimension of a trawl boards. Relatively trawl boards with swept slat configuration, the width of a trawl boards can also be expressed as the average of the sum of multiple dimensions width of a trawl boards, performed in different points of the profile, are in different locations along the vertical dimension of a trawl Board, and as such, trawl typically have smaller widths in their upper and lower extremities, than in its Central part.

The purpose of the present invention

The objective of this invention is to create a trawl Board, which is able to work with much greater efficiency than the well-known trawl boards, currently existing on the market.

Another aim of the present invention is to obtain a construction of a trawl boards, allowing more economical to decrease the resistance of the water and simultaneously increase horizontal revealing (extent) the mouth of the trawl compared with other designs of a trawl boards.

Short description of the invention

The present invention provides the obtaining of a trawl boards, which includes the upper and lower sections of a trawl boards, each of which has an opposite the front and rear ends. Section trawl boards are joined along facing each other, the bottom and top edges, respectively, a top and bottom section so that the section of a trawl boards are in different planes. The ratio of the distance between the top and bottom edges of a trawl Board to the distance between the front and back edges of a trawl boards, i.e. the ratio of the sizes of a trawl boards, makes at least 2:1.

Fig. 1 shows a side view of the inner side surface of a trawl boards, according to the present invention, looked at from the point located on the left side of the right of a trawl boards, according to the invention.

Figure 2 represents a kind of angle of a trawl Board, shown in figure 1, with a point located in the front and at the sight of the internal surface of a trawl Board, shown in figure 1.

Figure 3 represents a plan view profile of a trawl Board, shown in figure 1, 5-5 section on Figure 1.

Figure 4 presents a more detailed view of Figure 3.

Figure 5 represents a cross-section view a modified form of the main deflector suitable according to the present invention.

6 is a cross-section view of a trawl Board having the main deflector, shown in Figure 5, with attached constructions of front and trailing edges.

Detailed description

A trawl Board, corresponding to the present variant of the invention, contains a V-shaped Board having a high ratio of sizes, constituting at least 2:1 and, preferably, 3:1 and above.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, a trawl Board 10, according to the present invention, includes front edge of the 12 trawl boards, back edge of 14 trawl boards, free top edge of 16 trawl boards and free the lower edge of the 18 trawl boards.

A trawl Board formed the upper section 28 trawl boards and bottom section 29 trawl boards, interconnected along facing each other, the lower edge of the upper section 28 of a trawl Board and the upper edge of the lower section 29 trawl boards by means of the Central plate 26. Each section 28, 29 trawl boards formed a corps 24, 25 of the basic vent, and each enclosure of the main deflector provided with the design of the increased lift the front edge of the form of one or more of the slats 20, 22, who form the slotted holes of the front edge. A slat 20 has the leading edge, which is the front edge of the 12 trawl boards, while the rear slat 22 is located after the front slat 20 and in front of the leading edge of the main deflector. The back edge of the main deflector is back edge of 14 trawl boards.

The slotted holes, formed slats 20, 22 front edges are essentially the entire length of the hull of the main deflector each section 28, 29 trawl boards and fixed in place due to the fact that the ends of the slats 20, 22 are in the end plates 31, 33 (2), as well as in the Central plate 26.

Central plate 26 is part of a carrying frame, which promotes the transfer of towing loads from tug or another subject on which the connector is located in the tow (not shown). On the lower section 29 trawl boards allow hang attached weight stove 30 variable mass to promote the stabilization of the trawl Board 10 during the operation due to the possibility of selecting the proper size and weight of the necessary depths in the water column and use a trawl boards 10, according to the present invention.

As shown in figure 2, a trawl Board 10 is a V-shaped Board, as is evident by the fact that the surface of the outer side of the upper and lower sections 28 and 29 of the trawl Board, respectively, are in different planes. Sections 28, 29 boards in General are the planes, which generally differ and/or converge in the center of the Central plate 26 angle of less than 180 degrees (one hundred eighty degrees). In embodiment, shown in figure 2, sections 28, 29 are in the planes, which have a corresponding angle of about 170 degrees. Front and back edge of the Board, direct that is not "arrowhead", and the corresponding angle is between convex surfaces of the main air vents.

It was found that important aspect ratio of the Board. We found that higher aspect ratio better provided that the Board remains tight when in use. We found that the ratio of the size of at least 2:1 can be achieved improved performance V-shaped boards. Preferably, the ratio is at least a 2.4:1 2.5:1. A practical upper limit for a trawl boards made of sheet material, i.e. a uniform thickness is in the range of 6:1. As a result, we prefer to use an aspect ratio of 3:1 and above, preferably, at least, of 3.2:1 3,3:1. However, we would have preferred to use at least 4:1 or 5:1. It was found that when the aspect ratio may be necessary to reduce the angle between the sections 28, 29.

As shown in figure 2, a trawl Board 10, according to the present invention, also includes an optional header extension element 32 attached to the upper section 28 trawl boards on the end plate 31, and an optional lower extension element 34 attached to the lower section 29 trawl boards on the end plate 33. Extension elements allow hang attach to the rest of the trawl boards 10, thus providing change of the amount of the cash-generating lift and/or a support structure of a trawl boards 10, according to the present invention. It will be clear that when added to the top extension element 32, but the bottom extension element is not added or Vice versa, Central plate 26 will not be equidistant from the top and bottom edges of a trawl boards. In case of the removal of the upper and lower prolong items 32 and 34, the upper and lower edges of 16 and 18 will change its position and will be flush with the top and bottom bearing the end-mouldings 31 and 33, respectively.

On top of the base plate is located 31 lifting ring 35 to receive readily available connection points for pins and lifting of a trawl boards 10 and may be required during transportation and location on Board the ship and storage.

Figure 3 shows a cross section of a trawl boards 10, according to the present invention, made on line 5-5 figure 1. Since no other structural elements not in the cross section of a trawl boards 10 in the exact location of the line 5-5 section, shows a clear view profile of generating the main lift and/or a support structures trawl boards 10.

As shown, a slat 20 includes the front edge of the 12 front slat, which is also the front edge of the 12 trawl boards. A slat 20 also includes the back edge of the 36 front slat, the internal surface of the 51 front slat and external lateral surface of 52 front slat.

Similarly, rear slat 22 includes the front edge of 38 rear of slat back edge of the 40 rear slat, the internal surface of 53 rear slat and external lateral surface of 54 rear slat.

Again similarly, the main deflector 24 includes front edge of 42 main baffle back edge of the 44 the main deflector, internal surface of 55 main deflector and external lateral surface of 56 of the basic vent.

The main deflector 24 and slats 20 and 22 are made of sheet material, preferably more, of steel. The main deflector has the form of a circular arc. Therefore, the internal and external surface of each element have the same curvature. Preferably, slats also have the form of arcs of circles and even more preferably, the same circumference as the main deflector.

Figure 4 shows a more informative view Figure 3.

In Fig. 4 additionally shows imaginary straight dashed line 81, 82 and 83, lying in the plane that is perpendicular to the long (and vertical) measurement of a trawl boards 10 in the section on line 5-5, and which also is coplanar the part of a trawl boards 10, at the point you could see the profile of a trawl boards 10.

An imaginary straight dotted line 81 connects the front and back edges 12, 36 front slat 20. An imaginary straight dotted line 82 connects the front and back edges 38, 40 rear slat 22. An imaginary straight dotted line 83 connects the front and back edges 12, 14 trawl boards, as well as the edges 38, 42 window slat 22 and the main deflector 24, respectively.

The reference position 91 labeled "front angle slat". Front angle slat defined as the angle of convergence imaginary direct dotted lines 82 and 83 on the side of an imaginary line dotted line 83, which is the most closer to the inner side surface 51 front slat 20. In other words, the angle of the front slat is defined as an acute angle formed by the convergence of the first imaginary line connecting the shortest route for the front and back edges 12, 36 front slat 20, and the second an imaginary line connecting the shortest route for the front and back edges 12, 14 trawl boards 10, in one plane and profile trawl boards 10.

Similarly, the reference position 92 labeled "rear angle slat". Rear angle slat defined as the angle of convergence imaginary direct dotted lines 82 and 83 on the side of an imaginary line dotted line 83, which is the most closer to the inner side surface of 53 rear slat 22. In other words, rear angle slat is defined as an acute angle formed by the convergence of the first imaginary line connecting the shortest route for the front and back edges 38, 40 rear slat 22, and the second an imaginary line connecting the shortest route for the front and back edges 12, 14 trawl boards 10, in one plane and profile trawl boards 10.

The actual length of the slat 20, i.e. the distance between the front and rear edges of slat 20, is that the back edge of 36 slat 20 is on the tangent plane of the basic baffle 24 parallel to a dotted line 88, while the back edge of 40 slat 22 passes beyond this tangent plane.

To accomplish this the preferred option of a trawl boards 10, according to the present invention, a trawl Board 10, according to the present invention, is a V-shaped Board, which consists of two sections 24, 25 trawl boards, placed at an angle to each other, so that the angle is approximately 170 degrees and preferably 173 degrees. Each section of the Board contains:

a slat 20, rear slat 22 and the main deflector:

(I) the angle of 91 front slat more angle 92 rear slat;

(II) rear angle slat is at least thirty degrees and, preferably, thirty-one degree;

(III) the angle of the front slat is at least thirty-two degrees and, preferably, thirty-four degrees;

(IV) the width of the main deflector (defined smallest distance between the front and rear edges 42, 14 of the basic vent profile part of a trawl Board) is equal to two-thirds (0,666) width of a trawl boards when looking at one profile width of a trawl Board and, at least, is within plus or minus five percent (5%) two-thirds (0,666) width of a trawl Board;

(V) the lowest the distance from the front edge of the 12 front of the leading edge slat 42 main vent when looking at the same profile is equal to 1/3 (one third) of the width of a trawl Board or is within plus or minus seven percent (7%) one-third (1/3) of the width of a trawl Board;

(VI) a trawl Board has the aspect ratio (height of a trawl Board with respect to the width of a trawl Board, of at least a 2.4:1 (two and four-to-one) and, preferably, a 2.5:1 (two and five to one) or more, preferably of 2.7:1 (two and seven to one) or more, and is suitable 4,5:1 (four and five to one) or more; and

(VII) the radii

a) the principal vent;

b) front slat 20; and

C) rear slat 22

equal or substantially equal to 1/2 (half) of the width of a trawl boards 10 when compared with one point one profile and are, at least, within plus or minus five percent (5%) 1/2 (half) of the width of a trawl boards.

Such variant of performance of a trawl boards 10, according to the present invention, showed modeling direct significantly scale the extensive nature of the mouth of the trawl for a given value of resistance. Surprisingly, unexpectedly and in contrast to the prior art, as well as in the opposite of the state of knowledge in this field that extend the power generated by the construction of a trawl boards, according to the present invention, as well as the distribution and magnitude of expanding forces through the use of a V-shaped design for a trawl boards 10, according to the present invention, made in the above manner. In fact, the V-shaped design of a trawl boards, according to the present invention, showed the best network speed trawl with simultaneous formation of less resistance, thus, simultaneously allowing greater speed of the vessel, despite the fact that the result is the opposite trends in the industry to develop, manufacture, and use the flat construction boards pelagic trawls, when you want maximum efficiency of the operations of the pelagic trawl catch.

Because the section of the main deflector and slats made of sheet material and have the shape of an arc of a circle, they can be manufactured cost-effective manner, and section boards collect without the need for special tools.

Modification of a trawl Board, shown in figure 1 and 2, which may usefully be carried out, consists in giving to the cross-section of the buildings of the main vent wing shape instead of the shape of the arc of a circle. Section of the main deflector can still be made of sheet material, as in the previous variant of the invention, but additional modification is the implementation of each of the 227 main deflector with different curved convex and concave surfaces, as shown in figure 5. Preferably, this is achieved through the use of synthetic materials, which cast for the formation of a lightweight high-strength trawl boards, as described in our earlier international application number PCT/IS2005/000016, the contents of which are included here by reference.

In the further description of the profile 227 includes convex outer side 228, concave inner side of 229, back edge of 230 and front edge of 231. Preferably, the most wide point of the profile 227 approximately seventeen percent of eighteen percent (17%-18%) length of a chord profile and, at least, is eleven percent (11%) length of a chord profile and is in front of the centre of the chord profile. Preferably, the most wide point of the profile is located at a point along the chord profile that corresponds to the distance that goes forth from the centre of the chord at least three percent (3%) length of a chord.

As shown in figure 1, in front of the leading edge 42, 231 housing the main deflector, according to the present invention is increasing the lift design. Preferably at least one slat used with any body of the main deflector, according to the present invention, having described above profile. None-the-art, offered the use of the slats in combination with the body of the main deflector with a profile similar to the form described here profile as the most favourable one for the profile form any place of the main deflector for use in a trawl Board, according to the present invention.

As shown in Fig.6, the upper front slat has 260 profile generally similar to the profile of the outer surface of the 228 housing the main vent in the area close to the most widest point of the profile 227, and kept at a distance from the front edge 231, being anchored in the end plates, with the front edge of the 261 slat 260 is in line with the front edge of the 231 housing the main deflector. As shown, the front edge of the 261 slat 260 is in line with the front edge of the 231 housing the main deflector. As shown, the front edge of the 261 slat 260 is located at a distance from the front edge 231 at the same distance that the front edge of the 231 is located at a distance from the widest point of the profile 227. Length of slat 260 such that he rises above the upper surface of the profile 227, and because of a difference of profiles between the slat 260 and part of the profile 227 between its forward edge and the upper part of the profile 227, formed a slot along the length of the front edge of the 231. Size of the slot decreases along the front edge 231 along the profile 227, and this structure directs the water passing through the slot, giving energy of the boundary layer around the profile 227 and biting separation of the boundary layer, which increases the lifting force.

Preferably additionally increase the lift force by adding the top of the front slat 270. This slat 270 is in the aperture hole formed slat 260, and has the front edge of the button on the same line with the front edges 261 and 231, as well as profile, which is similar to the external side of the area defined as being back from the front edge 231, but in the front from the widest point of the profile 227. Slat 270 thus shares a slot along the front edge of 231 two that enhances giving energy of the boundary layer. This slat 270 shorter slat 260, accounting for approximately 50% of the length of slat 260, and, thus, does not act above the upper surface of the profile 227.

Figure 6 also shows a modification that can be implemented with a trawl Board, shown in figure 1. This version contains application increases the lifting force of the design of the rear edge in the form of one or more plates 251 and 252 back edge, located under the profile 227, which form the inner and outer slotted holes 253, 254 rear edge. Plate or plates 251, 252 rear edge generally flat and pass along the length of the rear edge 230 and attached to the end plates. They are generally parallel to the part of the concave inner side 229 near the rear edge 236 profile 227. Plate 251 is about half the width of the plate 252, and back edges of 251, 252 generally aligned with the back edge of 230 profile 227. These plates support the effects of the boundary layer of water on the concave inner side of 229 profile, which also increases the characteristics of the profile of 227.

Be aware that each casing of the main deflector trawl boards will be provided with a leading edge slats, shown in Figure 5, and can also be equipped with a device plates back edge, if necessary. That applied for one section of a trawl boards, use and another for creation of conditions of stability.

Such a construction of a trawl boards, according to the present invention, showed the usefulness of the operations of operation, when the angle of attack of a trawl Board is 18 (eighteen) degrees, which allows to reduce resistance. Similarly, even at normal angles of attack used with known trawlers boards, design of a V-shaped trawl boards with an aspect ratio of 3:1 gives at least 50 (fifty) percent greater efficiency than any other known designs of a trawl boards. These excellent results lead to significantly greater efficiency of operations gear and never have been achieved well-known designs of a trawl boards.

1. A trawl Board (10), which has the front and back edges (12 and 14), at least one case (24, 25) the main deflector and at least one slat (20, 22), and at least one case the main deflector has the front edge (42) and the rear edge (14) and at least one slat (20, 22), with the leading edge (12, 38, 271) and the rear edge (36, 40), this, at least, part of a trawl Board has the profile in which at least one slat has its front edge of the button in front of the rear edge of at least one of the buildings of the main deflector, and at least one slat is located under the internal angle formed convergence: (I) the first imaginary straight line (81, 82), which connects the shortest distance between the front and rear edges (12, 36 and 38, 40), at least one slat; (II) an imaginary straight line (83, 88), connecting the front and back edges (12, 42 and 14), selected from the group consisting of: a) front and rear edges (42 and 14), at least one of the buildings of the main deflector; and (b) the front and back edges (12 and 14) trawl boards, and part of a trawl Board, which has the profile is characterized as follows: rear edge, at least one slat passes for the tangent plane at least part of at least one of the buildings of the main deflector, the tangent plane parallel to the imaginary straight line (88), connecting the front and back edges (42 and 14), at least one of the buildings of the main deflector, improving the efficiency of a trawl boards.

2. A trawl Board according to claim 1, which includes at least two slat.

3. A trawl Board in paragraph 2, in which the angle is different for each of at least two slats to improve efficiency.

4. A trawl Board on item 3, in which one of at least two slats represents a slat, and the other from at least two slats is a rear slat, the angle of more for the front slat than for rear slat for additional improvement of efficiency.

5. A trawl Board according to claim 4, in which the angle of the front slat is at least 32 degrees.

6. A trawl Board according to claim 4, in which the angle of the front slat is at least 34 degrees.

7. A trawl Board according to claim 4, in which corner of the window slat is at least 30 degrees.

8. A trawl Board according to claim 4, in which corner of the window slat is at least 31 degrees.

9. A trawl Board according to claim 4, in which the angle of the front slat is at least 32 degrees, and the angle of the rear slat is at least 30 degrees.

10. A trawl Board (10) on any one of claims 1 to 9, in which the ratio of the distance between the top and bottom edges (16, 18) trawl boards (10) to the distance between the front and rear edges (12, 14) trawl boards (10) is at least 2:1 to improve efficiency.

11. A trawl Board (10) on any one of claims 1 to 9, in which the ratio of the distance between the top and bottom edges (16, 18) trawl boards (10) to the distance between the front and rear edges (12, 14) trawl boards (10) represents ratio, selected from the group consisting of: (a) the excess of 2.4:1 for additional improvement effectiveness; (b) at least 2.5 to 1; c) at least a 2.7 to 1; and d) at least of 2.75 to 1; and d) at least 3:1; e) at least a 3.2:1; f) at least 3,3:1; g) at least 4:1; h) at least 4,5:1; i) at least 5:1; and (j) of at least 6:1.

12. A trawl Board (10) on any one of claims 1 to 9, in which a trawl Board includes the upper and lower sections (28, 29), United with each other so that the section (28, 29) trawl boards are situated at different levels to improve efficiency in the course of the actual operations of trawling.

13. A trawl Board (10) with respect to paragraph 10, in which a trawl Board includes the upper and lower sections (28, 29), United with each other so that the section (28, 29) trawl boards are situated at different levels to improve efficiency in the course of the actual operations of trawling.

14. A trawl Board (10) with respect to paragraph 11, in which a trawl Board includes the upper and lower sections (28, 29), United with each other so that the section (28, 29) trawl boards are situated at different levels to improve efficiency in the course of the actual operations of trawling.

15. A trawl Board on any one of claims 1 to 4, where the angle is selected from the group consisting of: (a) at least 30 degrees; b) at least 31 degrees; c) at least 32 degrees; and d) at least 34 degrees.

17. A trawl Board (10) on any one of claims 1 to 9, in which at least one slat includes a concave inner surface (53)and at least one case (24, 25) the main deflector includes profile, selected from the group consisting of: (a) the profile having a concave inner side (229); (b) profile-shaped wing; c) the profile having the concave and convex surfaces of different shapes; and (d) a profile that includes a convex outer side and concave inner side, the point of maximum width of the profile is located in front of the centre of the chord profile.

18. A trawl Board (10) on any one of claims 1 to 9, where the radius profile part of a trawl Board is selected from the group consisting of: (I) part of a trawl boards representing at least one case the main deflector; and (II) part of a trawl boards representing at least one slat in the range of 5% 1/2 of the width of a trawl boards (10).

19. A trawl Board (10) on any one of claims 1 to 9, in which the distance between the front edge of at least one slat and the front edge of at least one of the buildings (24, 25) the main deflector is within 7% 1/3 of the width of a trawl boards (10).

20. A trawl Board (10), which has the front and back edges (12 and 14), at least one case (24, 25) the main deflector and at least two slat (20, 22), and at least one case the main deflector has the front edge (42) and the rear edge (14) and at least two slat (20, 22), each of which has a leading edge (12, 38, 271) and the rear edge (36, 40), with at least part of trawl Board has the profile in which at least one slat at least two slats has its front edge of the button in front of the rear edge of at least one of the buildings of the main deflector, each of at least two slats is located under the internal angle formed convergence: (I) the first imaginary straight line (81, 82), connecting the shortest distance between the front and rear edges (12, 36 and 38, 40) any of, at least two slats; (II) an imaginary straight line (83, 88), which connects the front and back edges (12, 42, and 14), selected from the group consisting of: (a) the front and back edges (42 and 14), at least one of the buildings of the main deflector; and (b) the front and back edges (12 and 14) trawl boards, and a trawl Board, differs in that it has in combination: (a) part of a trawl boards, has a profile that has characterized angle for each of at least two slats; b) the ratio of the distance between the top and bottom edges (16, 18) trawl boards (10) to the distance between the front and rear edges (12, 14) trawl boards (10), which constitutes at least 2:1, and c) the upper and lower sections (28, 29), United with each other so that the section (28, 29) trawl boards are situated at different levels to improve efficiency in the course of the actual operations of trawling.

21. A trawl Board according to paragraph 20, in which one of at least two slats represents a slat, and the other from at least two slats is a rear slat, the angle of more for the front slat than for rear slat for additional improvement of efficiency.

22. A trawl Board according to paragraph 20, in which the angle of the front slat is at least 32 degrees.

23. A trawl Board according to paragraph 20, in which the angle of the front slat is at least 34 degrees.

24. A trawl Board according to paragraph 20, in which corner of the window slat is at least 30 degrees.

25. A trawl Board (10) for any of the .20-24, where the attitude is selected from the group consisting of: (a) the excess of 2.4:1 for additional improvement of effectiveness; (b) at least 2.5 to 1; c) at least a 2.7 to 1; and d) at least of 2.75 to 1; and d) at least 3:1; e) at least a 3.2:1; f) at least 3,3:1; g) at least 4:1; h) at least 4,5:1; i) at least 5:1; and (j) at least 6:1.

26. A trawl Board (10) for any of the .20-24, in which the rear edge, at least one slat passes for the tangent plane at least part of at least one of the buildings of the main deflector, and the tangent plane parallel to the imaginary straight line (88), connecting the front and back edges (42 and 14), at least one of the buildings of the main deflector to improve the efficiency of a trawl boards.