Fin propulsor

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to marine propulsion plants. Fin propulsor comprises, at least, one fin and fin drive. Said propulsor is mounted inside ship hull. Said fin translates in lateral direction and is secured to fin shaft. Fin drive comprises crankshaft, drive of oscillation relative to transverse axis for turning said fin about fin shaft and drive of vertical fin displacement in transverse plane relative to fin shaft and ship axis. Aforesaid crankshaft actuates both aforesaid drives. Said drives are engaged with one crankshaft portion and two portions of equal radius and angular position relative to crankshaft rotational axis.

EFFECT: higher reliability and efficiency, simplified design.

11 cl, 10 dwg

The technical field to which the invention relates

The present invention relates to the propulsion unit for a marine vessel, in which the means used to actuate includes a swinging or oscillating underwater wings or rudders.

According to one aspect of the present invention relates to a propulsion device provided inside the hull of a vessel.

The device includes at least one cross-retractable fin thruster mounted on the shaft of the fin. Means for driving the fin contains the crankshaft, the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis to rotate the fin around the axis of the shaft of the fin and a mechanism for moving in a vertical plane to move the fin in essentially transverse to the shaft axis of the fin and the boat.

Prior art

Propulsion systems used for many years, especially for Maritime traffic, and most used today propulsion plants represent an engine with a rotating propeller screw. Even if the propulsion system with a rotating propeller propeller provides a very reliable and simple design, but in normal conditions it does not provide very high efficiency and therefore proposed an alternative digitalin the plants in order to overcome these shortcomings.

The mechanisms of the type mentioned in the introduction, it was suggested as an alternative propulsion installation with rotating propeller screw to obtain various advantages such as increased efficiency and reduced noise.

Patent US 5401196 (TRIANTAFYLLOU), in particular, reveals a propulsion unit in which is located one or more fin propulsion manipulated to provide movement in the selected direction. Fin manipulated using a sharing mechanism for moving in the vertical plane and the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis, and the mechanism for moving in the vertical plane oscillates fin propulsion in a direction essentially transverse selected, and the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis produces centrifugal movement of the fin to pivot to change the angle of pitch with respect to the same direction of turn.

According to patent US 5401196 (TRIANTAFYLLOU) a significant increase in tractive efficiency can be obtained by using this setting in relation to secured traditional propulsion units with a rotating propeller screw. This increased efficiency is provided by optimizing the joint moving mechanism for moving in the vertical plane and the oscillation mechanism Rel the relative transverse axis, so the fins are manipulated so that they are moved by a scheme very similar to the movement of fin fish.

Even if the fin propulsion device, such proposed patent US 5401196 (TRIANTAFYLLOU), available for a significant increase in efficiency, such installations are not in wide commercial use for the propulsion of, for example, due to the complexity of the fin propulsion mechanism, and particularly for the propulsion of marine vessels. Therefore, the need for additional development of such fin propulsion units is stored.

In FR 1330218 A (BOUIGES) describes a pedal driven through translational floating fins, where the translational mechanism moves in a vertical plane that includes the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis, mounted on the same crank of the crank. This mechanism is operating in the restricted symmetry exposed to the environment and, optionally, a mechanism partially submerged below the waterline.

In DE 2849027 A1 (HELMUT KRAUS) describes the universal fin drive mechanism acting through the fin set or horizontally or vertically.

In DE 102004004236 A1 (KLUDSZUWEIT ALFRED) describes a propulsion unit for a boat that contains the frame number of blushy blade, having two parallel longitudinal element, parallel to the axis of the boat. The blades are moved in the longitudinal direction and do not coincide in phase, and their ends are connected by rocker earring. Front earring has a lever that can be connected to the engine, and the rear earring parallel longitudinal members connected with the propeller blade intermediate. The intermediate and propeller blade may be flexible or may be a hinge with a spring to move the intermediate earring on the corner.

WO 03/026954 A1, published April 3, 2003 (Inocean) offers a facility using sinusoidal scheme of movement of the actuator in motion or energy recovery. The installation includes multiple rigid elements of the hull, arranged in a row and secured with the ability to turn to each other for rotation about parallel axes of rotation transversely of the longitudinal size of the number of elements of the hull. The installation further comprises a moving device for rotating elements of the hull relative to each other or move the device to recover energy in the rotating elements of the hull relative to each other.

WO 2006/038808 A1, published 13 April 2006 (Clavis Biopropulsion) offers a device containing at least one fin, the ongoing is about floating in the transverse direction. The device comprises triggering and driving a tool that is essentially free oscillatory movement of the fin. The device starts up with the help of the pulse formed by the driving means, each of so many loops and springs are used to maintain pulse energy provided by the drive means.

The invention

The present invention is to provide a reliable and simple in its design, propulsion installation and at the same time provide the option of optimizing the installation, in order to obtain higher efficiency than is possible in traditional engines with propellers.

According to the present invention is proposed propulsion, providing move in a fluid medium and, especially, for the propulsion of the marine vessel. Propulsion unit comprises at least one fin propulsion and means to drive the fin propulsion.

Means to drive the fin propulsion contains the crankshaft, the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis to rotate the fin propulsion around the axis of the shaft of the fin and a mechanism for moving in the vertical plane for the translational movement of fin propulsion in a substantially transverse direction relative what about the longitudinal axis of the vessel and in a substantially transverse in relation to the axis of the shaft of the fin direction, moreover, the crankshaft drives the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis, and mechanism for moving in the vertical plane.

As a mechanism for moving in a vertical plane, and mechanism for oscillation relative to the transverse axis control using a crankshaft connected to the transfer mechanism in a vertical plane and the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis with one knee on the crankshaft or individual lap having essentially the same radius and angular position in relation to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft.

Consequently, as a mechanism to move in a vertical plane, and the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis connected to the same or essentially identical to the knee or crankshaft, the present invention provides a very simple construction of the joint mechanism for moving in the vertical plane and the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis and provides, on the one hand, the design variant with a relatively small number of components, and on the other hand, a variant of the optimization of propulsion systems for operation with higher efficiency than that provided traditional propulsion unit with CP propeller, due to its relatively symmetric scheme move.

The mechanism for moving in the vertical plane connects the carriage with the knee of the crankshaft, and the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis connects the shaft of the fin with the knee of the crankshaft.

The invention especially preferably, if the transfer mechanism in a vertical plane, and the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis provided by means of a common traction control, connection at one end with knee drive shaft and at the other end rigidly attached and continue essentially transversely of the shaft oscillations fin connected to the carriage with the ability to rotate, so that the traction control when the rotation of the crankshaft causes the carriage to oscillate to and from the crankshaft and at the same time forcing to rotate the shaft oscillations fin. Thus, the number of separate components is reduced to only a very small number.

In an alternative embodiment, the mechanism for moving in the vertical plane contains the slot in the carriage and the knee on the crankshaft, movably located in the slot, and the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the additional transverse axis contains the pumping rod, connected at one end to the shaft of the fin in a substantially transverse axis of the shaft of the fin direction, and the other end attached to the knee on the crankshaft, and a swinging rod is telescopic or connected with the shaft oscillations fin or knee by using the sliding sleeve, so that the swinging rod compensates resizable between the shaft of the fin and the knee and thus, when the crankshaft rotates, the transfer mechanism in a vertical plane causes the carriage to oscillate to and from the crankshaft and at the same time the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis forces the shaft oscillations fin to oscillate. Thus, the forces that cause movement in a vertical plane passed to the fins, primarily transferred by the transfer mechanism in a vertical plane mechanism, and the forces that cause fluctuations relative to the transverse axis, is transmitted by the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis. With very small forces, causing fluctuations relative to the transverse axis relative to the forces that cause movement in a vertical plane, allows an easier design of the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis.

In an additional embodiment, the shaft oscillations fin and the shaft of the fin are one and the same, to provide an extremely simple construction, comprising a relatively small number of individual components.

In a preferred and alternative embodiment, the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis provides synchronization link connecting shaft oscillation of the fin to the shaft of the fin, with the specified synchronization link is used to synchronize the rotation of the shaft of the fin with the rotation of the shaft oscillations fin. This gives you the opportunity to connect more of the fins with the same shaft oscillation of the fin and the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis, and also provides more freedom to adapt the position of the fins to the special needs of, for example, adjust the placement of the design in the limited space of the hull of a vessel.

Traction control or pumping rod, mentioned above, may be rigidly connected with the shaft of the oscillation of the fin, but in the preferred embodiment, the connection between the traction control or pumping thrust and shaft vibrations fin includes a means of adjusting the angle between the shaft of the oscillation of the fin and thrust control or rocking thrust. Thus, provide an easy way to adjust the angle of the fin for specific needs, such as changing the desired thrust direction in the case of turn.

In a very about the fact and, therefore, the preferred embodiment, the shaft of the fin parallel to the shaft of the oscillation of the fin.

Alternatively, the shaft of the fin preferably can be located essentially transversely of the shaft oscillations fin that provides the opportunity to adjust the design of the drive for specific needs, for example, to adapt the design to accommodate in the limited space of the hull of a vessel.

In an additional preferred embodiment, the propulsion system includes two or more fin connected to the same shaft oscillation of the fin by one clock of the link, so that the number of individual components is stored in a relatively small number.

According to another object of the present invention is provided a method of driving the vehicle with propulsion device according to the ideas of the present invention.

Brief description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a ship containing fin propulsion installation according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic top view of the vehicle shown in figure 1.

Figure 3 is a detailed side view of one fin propulsion systems according to Fig. 1 and 2.

4 to 10 are schematic, while Yausa of various preferred embodiments of the mechanical drives for fin propulsion systems.

Detailed description of the invention

Figure 1 shows a schematic side view of the vehicle 1 with fins 2, providing the move. It is well known the use of such fins in the fin propulsion installed on a ship or any other vessel, and to bring in the movement in other ways. Meta description fin propulsion systems are disclosed, in particular, in the abstract of the patent US 5401196 (TRIANTAFYLLOU), incorporated here by reference.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of the ship in the top view according to Fig 1, which has two sets of three fins 2, providing propulsion of the vehicle 1. Without departing from the present invention it is possible to offer adapted for propulsion required for specific vessels, some of the fins 2 and a number of sets of fins, but, as shown in these drawings, for the repayment of the transverse forces acting on the hull while driving, it is preferable to position the fins in pairs, working in opposite phases.

According to the basic principles of fin propulsion, for example, as disclosed in patent US 5401196 (TRIANTAFYLLOU), 2 rudders are positioned in a way that continues from the ship into the water and in the embodiment, showing the fins 2, extending from the hull 1 below the waterline 4 of the holes 7 (Fig 3). One is to in other embodiments, implementation, not shown in these drawings, the fins 2 may, alternatively, be continued from the ship into the water anywhere above the waterline 4. According Fig. 2 and 3 shows that each of the fins 2 is fixed on the carriage 5 by means of the shaft 6 of the fin that runs from fin 2 through the carriage 5, so that each fin 2 is rotatable in the carriage 5 around the shaft 6 of the fin. Each carriage 5 is movably mounted on the body of the vehicle 2 by means of the slide, allowing the carriage to slide and make reciprocating movement in a direction essentially transverse to the axis 8 of symmetry of the ship.

As shown in figure 2, each carriage can accommodate many of the fins 2.

Propulsion impact on the ship you can get the joint moving the reciprocating movement of the fins 2 in the transverse axis of symmetry of the vehicle direction and the simultaneous rotation of each fin 2 around the shaft 6, and controls the angle of the fin compared to its transverse movement in relation to the axis 8 of symmetry of the vehicle, enables silent drive vehicle and/or high efficiency.

Figure 3 illustrates in greater detail one fin 2, continuing from the hull 1 in water. As mentioned above, the fin 2 is the preferred option of the invention is located above the waterline 4 and SLE is a result of this, the carriage 5 includes a sealing plate or carriage 5, sealing the hole 7 in the case.

According to the present invention a number of different policy options complete drive systems for the fins 2 are disclosed in all figure 4-10.

Common to all these variants is that they all contain the crankshaft 9, rotating around its longitudinal axis 13, with the knee 10 to drive both drive mechanisms, and a drive mechanism for moving in the vertical plane and drive mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis, respectively.

Knee 10 of the present invention may contain one knee or two essentially identical in respect to their angular position of the knee and the radius relative to the Central axis 13 of the crankshaft 9.

According to the invention, all other embodiments of additionally contain a carriage 5 that is located movably in the sliders 12 and at least one fin 2.

Propulsion effect according to the shown variants of implementation makes the move or moves the ship in the direction shown by the arrow or pointer 17.

Figure 4 shows a particularly simple and reliable design propulsion systems of the present invention, in which the reciprocating movement of 14 karecki, and the oscillation of the fin 2 relative to the transverse axis provided by one rod 15 control connected with one end of the elbow 10 on the crankshaft 9 and the other end rigidly connected with the shaft 6 of the fin.

When the crankshaft 9 rotates in the direction of arrow 16, the rod 15 of the control acts on the carriage 5 is similar to the piston rod in a traditional internal combustion engine and simultaneously rotates the fin 2 with its shaft 6 of the fin. Thus, the drive mechanism moving in a vertical plane, and the drive mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis drive the traction control.

Figure 5 shows an alternative implementation of the present invention, where instead of the traction control according to figure 4 is rocking rod 18.

Rocking rod 18 is fixed to the knee 10 via a sliding connection 19, allowing her during rotation of the crankshaft 9 and the knee 10 to slide in a sliding connection 19. In this embodiment, the swinging rod 18 moves only the drive mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis and, consequently, creates oscillation of the fin 2 relative to the transverse axis due to its rigid connection with the axis 6 of the fin.

The drive mechanism for moving in the vertical plane in this embodiment, provided p is the zoom 21, movably connected to the knee 10, so that during rotation of the crankshaft 9, the carriage makes a reciprocating movement, as indicated by the arrow 14.

All 6-8 shows the same main drive mechanism, shown in figure 5, but in these alternative embodiments, the position of the fin 2 and/or a certain number of the fins 2 can be modified without changing the design of the drive mechanism move in a vertical plane and drive mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis so that the swinging rod 18, rigidly connected with the shaft 20 oscillations, caused by the rotation of the shaft 6 of the fin and, as a consequence of the fin 2, clock parts 22, 23.

The selection of the lengths of the links 22, 23 can be obtained gearing for a particular purpose.

The principle of adding synchronization of the links 22, 23 to the drive mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis is also possible, without departing from the present invention, be used in the embodiment shown in figure 4, and with the same result.

Figure 9 shows an additional variant of implementation of the present invention, in which the angular vertical and oscillatory actuators are the same as shown in figure 4, but in this case the angle between the fin 2 and the traction control 15 can be adjusted using the linear motor 24, for example, hydraulic porn is, located between the traction control 15 and the pumping thrust 25, rigidly connected with the shaft 6 of the fin. Obviously, it is also possible to adapt this design to implementation options mentioned above, the inclusion of pumping thrust 25 instead of thrust 15 management. Thus, the angle between the fin or fins 2 and the pumping thrust or traction control can be optimized for specific purposes, and especially so to position the fins or rudders 2 parallel to the movement of the carriage 5, in order to obtain significant propulsion effects.

Specialist obviously, to adjust the angular position of the fins 2 relative to the thrust angle 15 control or pumping thrust 25 other possible alternatives.

Figure 10 shows another alternative implementation of the present invention, in which the gearing 26 is made between the shaft 6 of the fin and shaft vibrations 20 fin that allows the fin 2 to be held at an angle in relation to the shaft 20 of the oscillation of the fin. Therefore, the engagement can be performed in a different implementation, figure 10 only reveals the engagement of an indoor swimming gear. Figure 10 shows that the shaft 6 of the fin is located across the shaft 20 of the oscillation of the fin, but it is clear that engagement can be made to provide other angles between the shaft 6 of the fin and in the scrap 20 oscillations fin. In this embodiment, the direction of speed 17 differs from that shown in figure 4-9.

In the above description, the present invention is described with regard to its propulsion effects. But experts it is obvious that any fin propulsion unit and, consequently, also fin propulsion unit according to the invention can be used to generate thrust. This is because at a given flow rate/vehicle, the device will operate as a generator below the critical speed of the crankshaft, and as the mover above the critical speed of the crankshaft. Allowing the system to generate thrust.

In addition, the heave direction can be any direction, including horizontal direction (as fish) and vertical (like a Dolphin), unless it is at a considerable angle to the main a given direction of thrust, while the perpendicular a little better. The tilt axis must have a large angle in both these areas, with the perpendicular line a little better.

1. Propulsion device installed inside the housing (1) a vessel containing at least one translational moving in the transverse direction of the fin (2)attached to the shaft (6) of the fin, and means for driving the decree of the aqueous fin (2), containing the crankshaft (9), the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis of rotation specified fin (2) around the axis specified shaft (6) of the fin and a mechanism for moving in the vertical plane for the translational movement of the specified fin (2) in an essentially transverse direction relative to the specified axis in the specified shaft (6) of the fin and the specified vessel, and specified the crankshaft (9) moves the specified mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis and the specified transfer mechanism in a vertical plane, characterized in that the above-mentioned mechanism move in a vertical plane, and the specified mechanism fluctuations relative to the transverse axis connected to one knee (10) on the specified crankshaft (9) or with two separate tribes, having essentially the same radius and angular position in relation to the axis (13) of the specified rotation of the crankshaft (9).

2. Propulsion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft (6) fin mounted on the carriage (5), allowing the specified shaft (6) of the fin and as a consequence specified fin (2) to rotate around its axis relative to the specified carriage (5), and the fact that the carriage (5) movably fixed relative to the specified crankshaft (9), and the specified transfer mechanism in a vertical plane which connects bones found on the carriage (5) from elbow (10) on the specified crankshaft (9), and the specified mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis connects the specified shaft (6) of the fin with the elbow (10) on the specified crankshaft (9).

3. Propulsion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for moving in the vertical plane and the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis provided by means of a common thrust (15), (18) control, which is connected at one end with the specified knee (10) of the drive shaft and the other end attached to and continued in essentially transverse direction of the shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin is connected to rotate with a specified carriage (5), so that said rod (15), (18) control by rotating the specified crankshaft shaft (9), forcing the carriage (5) to oscillate or move onward to and from the specified crankshaft (9) and simultaneously forces to rotate the specified shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin.

4. Propulsion device according to claim 2, characterized in that the transfer mechanism in a vertical plane contains a groove (21) in said carriage (5) and elbow (10) on the specified crankshaft (9), movably located in the specified slot (21), and the above-mentioned mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis contains the pumping rod (18)attached at one end to and continuing, in fact, Popper is cnom direction from the specified shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin and attached at the other end to the elbow (10) on the specified crankshaft (9), moreover, the specified pumping rod (18) is telescopic or linked to or from the specified shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin, or with the specified knee through the movable sleeve (19), so that said rocking rod (18) compensates for the change in size between the specified shaft (6) of the fin and the specified knee (10) and therefore, when the crankshaft (9) turn the specified mechanism for moving in the vertical plane causes the carriage (5) to oscillate or move progressively to and from the specified crankshaft (9) and simultaneously the specified mechanism is relatively transverse axis forces to turn the specified shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin.

5. Propulsion device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin and the shaft (6) are the same.

6. Propulsion device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis provides synchronization link or mesh (22)connecting the specified shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin with the specified shaft (6), and the specified synchronization link (22) is to synchronize the rotation of the specified shaft (6) of the fin with the specified rotation shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin.

7. Propulsion device according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the specified device contains among the STV to adjust the angle between the said shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin and the specified thrust (15), (18) control or specified pumping thrust(15), (18).

8. Propulsion device according to claim 6, characterized in that the shaft (6) of the fin parallel to the specified shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin.

9. Propulsion device according to claim 6, characterized in that the engagement is between the specified shaft (6) of the fin and the specified shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin, so that the specified shaft (6) of the fin is located under a non-zero angle to the specified shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin.

10. Propulsion device according to claim 6, characterized in that said device includes two or more fin (6), United with the specified the same shaft (20) of oscillation of the fin by means of one or more synchronization link (22).

11. The way of moving vehicle using a propulsion device according to one of the preceding paragraphs, wherein said mechanism for moving in the vertical plane and the mechanism of the oscillations relative to the transverse axis connected to one knee (10) of the specified crankshaft (9) or two separate tribes, having essentially the same radius and angular position relative to the axis of rotation (13) of the specified crankshaft (9).