Alloy combination for production of castings from high-strength cast-iron (versions) |
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IPC classes for russian patent Alloy combination for production of castings from high-strength cast-iron (versions) (RU 2480530):
Method for obtaining nitrogen-containing alloy for alloying of steel and cast iron, and nitrogen-containing alloy for steel and cast iron alloying / 2479659
Bearing titanium-chrome ferroalloy is crushed to powder with particle size of less than 0.2 mm. Titanium-chrome ferroalloy contains the following, wt %: chrome - 5.0-35.0, titanium - 15.0-30.0, aluminium - 5.0-10.0, silicon - 5.0-8.0, and iron is the rest. Total amount of Ti, Cr, Si, Al is 30.0-82.0 wt %. Powder is loaded to the container that is moved to a SHS reactor; an exothermic burning reaction is initiated in a layer-by-layer mode at nitrogen pressure of 1.0-15.0 MPa.
 Method for obtaining aluminium-titanium alloy combination (versions) / 2477759
Invention refers to non-ferrous metallurgy and can be used for obtaining alloys based on aluminium. In order to obtain aluminium-titanium alloy combination, alumino-thermal reduction of titanium from its compounds is performed in the environment of molten halogenides of metals. Titanium is reduced from its fluoride or oxide, as well as from fluorotitanate or oxyfluorotitanate of alkali or alkali-earth metal in presence of potassium chloride, sodium fluoride and aluminium fluoride, which are introduced to molten metal or formed during aluminothermic process. The temperature of the process is 850-1150°C. Reduction is performed under the layer of covering flux chloride, which contains potassium and sodium chlorides at the following ratio of components in the mixture, wt %: potassium chloride 42-45, sodium chloride is the rest. Molten metal is exposed during 15-30 minutes and poured into billets. The invention allows obtaining billets of the alloy combination with homogeneous structure with intermetallides with the size of up to 15-30 mcm, reducing non-collectable titanium scrap to 7-9% and improving environmental characteristics of the process.
Foundry alloy for casting heat-resistant titanium alloy and method of its making / 2470084
Invention relates to metallurgy of nonferrous metals, particularly, to production of foundry alloy for alloying refractory titanium-base alloys. Proposed composition contains the following substances, in wt %: tungsten 48.0-52.0, titanium 10.0-20.0, hafnium 0.08-0.1, aluminium making the rest. Charge is smelted in vacuum arc furnace with nonconsumable tungsten electrode. Note here that at first step, titanium placed on bottom of copper water-cooled casting mould and tungsten of higher density is placed there above. Titanium and tungsten are dissolved and melted in proportion corresponding to their content in foundry alloy to make integral ingot at arc current between charge and electrode of 750-1100 A and melting time of 3-10 min. To average ingot chemical composition, ingot is removed from casing mould to subject it to remelting at temperature higher than liquidus temperature of the alloy of titanium and tungsten. Then, required amount of aluminium and hafnium is added to remelted ingot to be placed under aforesaid ingot to proceed with melting at 1750-1900°C.
 New generation nanomodifier (ngnm) / 2468110
Complex modifier contains the following components, wt %: fullerenes 0.1-27, nanosized composite particles of metal carbides selected from the following group: cobalt, iron, nickel 1-43, nanosized composite particles of cobalt 0.2-20, nanosized particles of lanthanum 0.1-29, nanosized composite particles of tungsten 0.5-42, nanosized composite particles of cerium 0.7-33, nanosized composite particles of iron 1-41, nanosized composite particles of nickel 0.6-36, nitrides or silicides or borides or oxides or carbonitrides of metals - balance.
Method of producing aluminium alloys with transition metals / 2467086
Invention relates to nonferrous metallurgy and may be used in production of foundry alloys based on aluminium with transition metals. It comprises making aluminium melt overheated to above alloy liquidus temperature and adding alloying components into melt by fusing the wire. Note here that electric current flows between wire and aluminium melt. Layer of fused flux is produced on aluminium melt surface while said wire is fused by heat released in flux layer at electric current existing therein. Note also that said flux contains cryolite - 40-45 wt %, aluminium oxide - 10-20 wt %, and magnesium fluoride - 35-40 wt %.
 Method for obtaining aluminium-titanium-boron alloy combination / 2466202
Method involves melting of primary aluminium, batch introduction to molten aluminium of titanium-containing and boron-containing components, mixing of molten metal and its pouring, cooling and heat treatment. As titanium-containing component there used is potassium hexafluorotitanate K2TiF6 in quantity of 10÷35 wt %, and as boron-containing component there used is crystalline boric acid H3BO3 in quantity of 4÷10 wt %. Titanium-containing and boron-containing components are pre-mixed and packed into cover from technical aluminium with weight of 0.2÷0.6 kg; packed components are added in portions to molten aluminium with temperature of 950÷1050°C; after that, molten metal is mixed and exposed during 0.2÷0.5 hours, and pouring of alloy combination is performed at molten metal temperature of 800÷850°C to water-cooled moulds with ratio of dimensions of length of casting to height and width of 15÷25:1÷1.5:1.5÷2 and weight of casting of 1.5÷2.5 kg; at that, cooling of molten metal in moulds is performed at the rate of 200÷250°C/min.
Aluminium alloy combination obtaining method / 2464337
Aluminium molten metal is prepared and heated over temperature of 950-1000°C. Liquid flux layer of the following composition, wt %, is induced on aluminium molten metal: cryolite 80-85 and aluminium oxide 15-20. Liquid flux is heated over solution temperature of alloying component with electroslag process and alloying component is added in the required quantity.
 Method to obtain nitrogen-containing ligature / 2462526
To obtain the ligature the source alloy containing 40-85% vanadium, 2-57% of iron and one or more elements selected from a number of calcium, aluminium, silicon, carbon and manganese in an amount of 1.0-21.0%, the powder is milled with a particle size of less than 1.5 mm, the powder is placed in an atmosphere of nitrogen with a purity not less than 99.0% at pressures above 0.1 MPa, an exothermic reaction of creation of vanadium nitride is initiated by local heating of the part of surface layer of the powder; the powder is saturated with nitrogen in so-called self-propagating high-temperature mode of synthesis (SHS) to obtain a composite alloy based on vanadium nitride with the density of 4.0-7.0 g/cm3, which consists of vanadium nitride in an amount of 44-92% and a binder alloy, which is an iron-based alloy comprising at least two elements selected from a number of calcium, aluminium, silicon, carbon, manganese and vanadium in an amount 1.0-20.0% and having a start of melting temperature less than 1500°C.
 Modifying mixture for cast-iron / 2459001
Mixture contains the following components, wt %: magnesium 12-17, graphite 15-20, boric anhydride 12-15, calcium hydride 7-11, boron nitride 10-20, ferrophosphorus 8-12, and ferrosilicium is the rest.
Nickel alloy modifying method / 2457270
Method involves addition to the molten metal of the modifying agent containing ultrafine high-melting particles of titanium carbonitride and titanium, chrome, molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, aluminium, nickel and manganese particles. Modifying agent is added to the molten metal heated to 1480-1600°C in the form of a briquette with density of 1.05-1.2 of molten metal density and porosity of 1.0-5.0 vol %.
Modifying agent for obtaining cast iron with spherical graphite / 2445387
Modifying agent contains the following, wt %: magnesium 7.0-9.0; cerium 8.0-10.0; iron ≤ 1.5; nickel is the rest.
 Cast iron properties influence method / 2444729
In cast iron properties influence method there measured by addition of magnesium to cast iron melt is content of oxygen in cast iron melt; at that, to cast iron melt there added is magnesium till oxygen content in cast iron melt at temperature of about 1420°C is about 0.005-0.2 ppm. At that, magnesium is added till oxygen content is less than 0.1 ppm, preferably between 0.08 and 0.1 ppm.
 Procedure for production of iron with vermiculite graphite / 2427660
Procedure consists in melting charge in electric furnace, in heating iron melt in it to temperature 1490-1510°C and in modification of produced melt in ladle with mixture containing complex addition alloy FSMg7 containing REM (rare earth metals) 0.3-1.0 %, magnesium 6.5-8.5 %, at amount of 0.2-0.5 % and 22 % silicobarium SIBAR22 at amount 1.5-2.0 % of weight of treated iron melt.
Procedure for production of cast iron with spherical graphite and austenite-ferrite metal matrix / 2415949
Cast iron is melt in electric furnace. At tapping into a ladle melt is modified at temperature 1370-1400°C with complex alloy consisting of silicon-barium at amount 70-80 % of alloy weight. Preliminary there are produced casts out of mottled iron with austenite-martensite matrix by casting into a raw sand-clay mould. To obtain austenite-ferrite structure in iron casts they are subjected to graphitising annealing at temperature 980-1100°C, to conditioning during 3-5 hours and to successive cooling with a furnace to room temperature.
Powder wire for out-of-furnace treatment of melts on iron base (versions) / 2396359
Invention refers to metallurgy and is designed for desulphurisation and modifying iron-carbon melt for production of items out of grey cast iron and also for iron with graphite of ball and vermicular shapes. According to the first version of the invention powder wire consists of a metal shell and filler in form of powders mixture of metallic magnesium and additive, corresponding to ferro-silicate-calcium, at the following ratio of elements in the filler, wt %: magnesium 20-55, calcium 12-25, silicon 28-50, iron - the rest. According to the second version mixture of ferro-silicate-calcium with ferro-silicate-magnesium and/or magnesium silicide is used as an additive at the following ratio of elements in the filler, wt %: magnesium 15-40, calcium 8-17, silicon 42-64, iron - the rest.
Procedure for melting iron-carbon alloys in induction furnaces / 2395589
Invention refers to ferrous metallurgy, particularly to melting iron-carbon alloys in induction furnaces. The procedure consists in charging metal part of the charge, in melting and in alloying melt with silicon and carbon containing materials. Alloying is carried out with a complex mixture containing silicon and carbon at ratio CΣ: Si=(25÷90):(0.5÷65), where Si is contents of silicon in the complex mixture, and CΣ - is summary contents of carbon in the complex mixture. Also silicon is present in the composition of the mixture as silicon carbide metallurgical and/or its slimes, while carbon is present as heat treated carbon containing materials of electrode production and/or graphite.
Addition alloy for modification and alloyage of alloys / 2394929
Addition alloy contains wt %: magnesium 14-17, cerium 0.4-0.6, iron 14-16, silicon 4-7, copper - the rest.
Method of cast iron receiving with globular graphite / 2375461
Invention relates to metallurgy field and can be used for casting of products from cast iron with globular graphite. Method includes melting of intermediate product and discharge of melt into ladle. At melt temperature 1300÷1550°C it is introduced flux cored electrode, filler of which contains iron, silicon and not less than 18 wt % of magnesium, at a rate of wire feeding 0.1÷2.5 m/s and magnesium consumption 0.5÷3 kg per tone of melt. Before introduction of flux cored electrode into melt it is preliminarily introduced soda ash or mixture of soda ash and fluorspar in equal ratio in amount 1÷5 kg per tone of melt. Filler of flux cored wire can additionally contain 0.5÷10 wt % in total amount of rare-earth metals, barium, calcium, titanium, aluminium.
 Modifier with refinement effect / 2364649
Invention relates to metallurgy immediately dealing with extrafurnace refinement and modification of steel, cast iron and non-ferrous alloys. The modifier is represented by a dispersion product resulting from conversion of by-products of the ANP mineral fertiliser production, its chemical composition (wt %) being as follows: calcium carbonate - 90-94%; strontium carbonate - 2-5%; impurities represented by magnesium and barium carbonates and silica, titanium, aluminium and ferric oxides - balance.
 Method of magnesium-bearing nanomodifying agent receiving / 2360007
Invention relates to metallurgy field and can be used for manufacturing of high-duty cast iron with globular graphite. For receiving of magnesium-bearing nano- modifying agent is blended with water solution of polyvinyl alcohol, chloride of magnesium and iron in molar correlation (10-5):1:1, agreeably, it is evaporated specified mixture before gel formation after what it is implemented carbonation at temperature 350-500°C in atmosphere of inert gas with formation of carbon nanotube, filled by chloride of magnesium and iron.
Briquette used in manufacture of cast iron / 2247155
Briquette includes silicon-containing material, carbon-containing material, and cement as binder. Silicon-containing material includes metallurgical silicon carbide and carbon-containing material includes carbon-siliceous mixture.
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FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: as per Version 1, alloy combination contains the following, wt %: silicon 22.0-30.0, magnesium 9.0-12.0, cerium 0.4-0.6, copper is the rest; as per Version 2, alloy combination contains the following, wt %: silicon 22.0-30.0; magnesium 9.0-12.0, misch metal 0.8-1.2, and copper is the rest. EFFECT: reduction of melting loss of magnesium, reduction of magnesium oxide emissions in the form of fine dust and economic consumption of magnesium, improvement of ecological conditions of cast-iron modification process and reduction of costs for production of castings from high-strength cast-iron. 2 cl, 1 tbl
The invention relates to metallurgical production and can be widely used in engineering and construction for the manufacture of parts of high strength, such as crankshafts cars and other products. Known ligature for the production of ductile iron casting containing magnesium, copper and cerium in the following ratio, wt.%:
Known composition ligatures protected by the RF patent №2355803 invention "Ligature for the inoculation of ductile irons, its preparation and use," according to the classes of the IPC C22C 35/00, C21C 1/10. As is commonly known the ligature is placed on the bottom of the bucket and pour the liquid cast iron. However due to the high vapor pressure of magnesium is known ligature starts to boil in its dissolution in liquid iron, magnesium on the surface of the iron quickly burns with formation of magnesium oxide, which is released into the surrounding space of the shop in the form of fine dust. These emissions significantly pollute the air, affecting the environment in the shop and, thus, the process conditions of modificy the Finance of cast iron, as well as increase almost twice the loss of magnesium, which is necessary to compensate for the additional portions of the ligature. These are the disadvantages of the known ligatures. Known master alloy patent RF №2355803 selected as a prototype, because it is the closest to the technical essence and the achieved effect to the claimed alloys for the production of castings made of ductile iron. The present invention is the improvement of environmental conditions of the inoculation process and reducing the cost of production of castings made of ductile iron. The technical result in the implementation of the invention is to reduce burning of magnesium and reducing emissions of magnesium oxide in the form of fine dust, as well as in conservation of magnesium. The specified task in option 1 is due to the fact that well-known master alloy for the production of ductile iron casting, including magnesium, cerium and copper, according to the invention additionally contains silicon in the following ratio, wt.%:
The specified task in option 2 is due to the fact that well-known master alloy for the production of ductile iron casting, including magnesium and copper, according to the invention additionally contains silicon and Mish metal in the following ratio, wt.%:
Research conducted on the sources of patent and scientific and technical information, showed that the proposed ligature for the production of ductile iron casting both versions are not known and should not be explicitly studied the prior art, i.e. meets the criteria of "novelty" and "inventive step". Declare ligature can be obtained in terms of metallurgical production or enterprise, specializing in the manufacture of ligatures, as this requires a known technology, materials and standard domestic or imported equipment. It can be widely used in enterprises the enterprises, produce castings of ductile iron. Therefore, the claimed ligature meets the criterion of "industrial applicability". We offer a set of essential features according to the claimed invention of new properties that allow you to solve the problem. The declared content of silicon provides maximum absorption of magnesium cast iron. The decrease in silicon content below 22% leads to boiling ligatures in the process of its dissolution in iron, the release of magnesium in the form of fine dust in the surrounding area of the shop that not only affects working conditions, but also leads to additional losses of magnesium and increased consumption of ligatures. The increase in the content of silicon in the ligature above 30% leads to a decrease in its proportion, the increase in the speed of its buoyancy in the iron and increased consumption of ligatures. Going beyond the stated limits on the content of silicon in both cases leads to increased consumption of ligatures and increase the cost of production of castings made of ductile iron. In the manufacture of the claimed ligatures used crystalline silicon. The ideal scenario is to use silicon semiconductor purity. In practice, however, due to the high cost of silicon semiconductor purity have to use cheaper crystalline silicon is, manufactured according to GOST 2169-69, for example, the brand Kpl (silicon not less than 98,0%). As impurities in silicon are present, %: iron to 0.7; aluminum to 0.7; calcium to 0.6. The presence of these impurities does not impair the properties of the claimed alloys as aluminum and calcium to prevent oxidation of the magnesium and, as graphitization iron, create embryos graphite. Iron is present in such small quantities does not affect the quality of ligatures. As can be seen from these data, the presence of silicon impurities (aluminum, calcium and iron) in the amount of not more than 2.0% can be neglected. The amount claimed in magnesium alloys due to the need to create favorable conditions for its dissolution without boiling ligatures at the temperature of liquid iron. When the silicon content in the alloy at the lower of the stated limit (22.0%) and the magnesium content above 9%, or at the level of the upper limit (30,0%) on silicon and magnesium content above 12.0% vapor pressure over magnesium dissolving a ligature above the external created by the column of liquid iron and atmospheric air. This leads to the boiling ligatures, additional emissions of magnesium in the form of fine dust in the shop space and increased consumption of ligatures. In both cases, going beyond the stated limits on the content of magnesium and silicon content leads to the deterioration in the Yu ecology in the shop, as well as increased consumption of ligatures and increase the cost of production of castings made of ductile iron. The amount of cerium in option 1 is in the range from 0.4 to 0.6 wt.%, that is the same with the closest analogue. Cerium necessary for education in the iron graphite regular shape, and a specified number for this function is quite enough. Given the high cost of pure cerium, option 2 is taken terisolasi alloy Mish metal. To ensure the right amount of cerium in the claimed alloys, limits Mish-metal corresponds to 0.8-1.2 wt.%. Preparation of ligatures for the claimed composition was carried out in an induction furnace by fusing the components of the mixture in a graphite crucible. Test ligatures of the claimed composition and known by the prototype (no experience prototype), and two compositions with values below and above the limit of the input components (No. of experiments 1, 6) was held at OJSC "AVTOVAZ" by the standards of the FIAT-WAS. The results of the tests are presented in attached to the table. The inoculation was carried out in buckets with a capacity of 1100 kg, the consumption of ligatures in the rooms of experiments 1-6 were 10 kg bucket, in the prototype - 9,2 kg The analysis of the table shows that the burning of magnesium in the claimed alloys both versions (No. of experiments 2-5) is in the range of 0.65-0.45 kg, while outrageous parties of 0.91-1.05 of the g and in the prototype more - 1,25 kg Analyzed qualitative indicators castings (crank shaft), obtained using the claimed alloys and castings with exorbitant compositions of components ligatures and composition of the prototype. As the table shows, the use of ligatures of the claimed composition (No. of experiments 2-5) allows you to get castings of the crank shaft, fully satisfying the requirements on the structure and mechanical properties of cast iron. Going beyond the stated limits on the content of magnesium and silicon (No. of experiments 1 and 6) does not allow you to withstand the requirement for the degree of graphite spheroidizing (SHBG), and in experiment 6 and the ferrite content. To get castings with the required level of SHBG need to increase the attachment of ligatures. As can be seen from the experience of number 5, the use of Mish metal (rare earth metals cerium group), instead of cerium, also allows you to produce castings that meet the requirements. Thus, in the production of ductile iron casting, you can use the ligatures of the proposed structure that contains not only pure cerium, but less scarce REE. An example of retrieving ligature. Preparation of the inventive alloys is carried out in induction furnaces. As charge materials use clean scrap copper or copper cathode, crystalline silicon produced by the OST 2169-69, cerium or Mish-metal and cast magnesium (GOST 804-93). To obtain 100 kg of ligatures in the furnace load 26-31 kg silicon, 9,5-12,5 kg magnesium, 0.6 kg of cerium or 1.2 kg Mish-metal, 57-65 kg of copper. Melting lead in a graphite crucible. The silicon cover on the bottom of the crucible, then upload magnesium, rare earth metals (cerium, or a Mish-metal) and copper. After melting the mixture and formation of a homogeneous melt of the alloy is poured into a cast iron mold and after cooling, crushed to pieces. The ligature is Packed in steel drums and shipped to consumers. Declare ligature (both) compared with the prototype has the following advantages: - reduction of emissions of magnesium oxide in the form of fine dust due to better absorption of magnesium cast iron; - reduce ligatures due to partial replacement of copper and magnesium silicon; - reducing the cost of production of ductile iron casting. Declare ligature for option 2 has the additional reduction due to the replacement of pure cerium cheaper and less scarce Mish-metal. td align="center"> SSG - 90%
1. Ligature for the production of ductile iron casting, including magnesium, cerium and copper, characterized in that it further contains silicon in the following ratio, wt.%:
2. Ligature for the production of ductile iron casting, including magnesium and copper, characterized in that it further contains silicon and Mish metal in the following ratio, wt.%:
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