Sleeve of hinge for blade with adjustable setting angle of turbomachine, turbomachine ring containing such sleeves, as well as compressor of turbomachine and turbomachine containing such ring

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: sleeve of blade hinge with adjustable setting angle, which is installed into the cavity in turbomachine ring, includes tubular housing around longitudinal axis and devices preventing the rotation in the ring cavity. Tubular housing of sleeve has the first conical annular projection located on one of its ends and the other conical annular projection located on the opposite end. Conical surfaces formed with the first and the second annular projections face each other. Devices preventing the sleeve rotation in the ring cavity include the plate having at least one surface for establishment of flat contact with the corresponding surface of the plate for prevention of rotation of the neighbouring sleeve. One more invention of the group refers to turbomachine ring containing multiple cavities to arrange the hinge and multiple sleeves made as described above. Other inventions of the group refer to turbomachine compressor and turbomachine, each of which includes at least one of the above said rings.

EFFECT: inventions allow improving the quality of aligning the blade hinge in turbomachine ring.

12 cl, 9 dwg

The present invention relates, generally, to the field of blades with adjustable angle for turbomachines, in particular to the bushings to guide the rotary hinge of such blades.

The high-pressure compressor of the turbomachine, having a gas turbine typically has multiple circumferential speed of the blades with the orientation angle can be adjusted to modify the characteristics of the gas flow depending on the operating speed of the turbomachine. These blades are called blades with adjustable angle.

Each vane with adjustable angle of installation in this step has a corresponding managing the pivot point at its end and guide the pivot point at its shank. Managing the pivot point passes through the stator casing of the turbomachine and interacts with the control element. By acting on the control element to change the orientation of the blades in the corresponding level. Guide, the pivot point of each blade can move in the sleeve that is installed in a corresponding recess in the inner ring of the turbomachine, which is centered on the longitudinal axis of the machine. An example of a bushing to guide the rotary hinge blades with adjustable angle for turbomachines, in particular, disclosed in the publication US 2005/0008477 A1.

When the blades SOBR who are on the inner ring, it is important to ensure good centering guides swivel hinge blades. This centering reach by ensuring that the sleeve and the recess in the inner ring, in which you installed the bushings, exactly concentric. The quality of the centering blades must also be supported regardless of the environment in which it works turbomachine.

Unfortunately, the known mounting means for bushings in the inner ring does not include any specific device to ensure maintenance of quality center. Thus, the centering guide of the swivel hinge blades leads to a lower efficiency, in particular, when the sleeve of the swivel joints and the inner ring is made of materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion.

Thus, the main objective of the present invention is to eliminate such drawbacks, by providing the sleeve, ensuring the constant quality centering guides hinge blades regardless of the conditions, in which the turbomachine, and regardless of the materials used for the manufacture of the sleeve and the inner ring, which is installed sleeve.

To solve this task according to the invention results from the sleeve joint for the shoulder blades with adjustable angle CA is anouki of the turbomachine, mounted in the recess in the ring are measured, and the shape of the recess is essentially corresponds to the shape of the sleeve, and the sleeve contains essentially tubular housing around the longitudinal axis, characterized in that the tubular body of the sleeve is located on one end of the first conical annular protrusion and located at the opposite end of the second tapered annular ledge, with the conical surface formed by the first and second annular projections facing each other, and a tapered annular protrusions protrude radially outward from the tubular housing relative to its longitudinal axis.

Thus, the centering guide of the swivel hinge blades cone is provided by the connection between the sleeve and the recess in the ring, which is equipped with bushing. Thanks to this connection any shifting movement is due to the increased diameter of the ring relative to the sleeve is compensated by the offset due to the expansion of the ring height. In addition, the position of contact between the conical surfaces formed annular projections, remains constant regardless of the extension sleeve and rings. In other words, the ends of the sleeve having a tapered annular projections, perform the repair function that is equivalent to the offset. Thus, the quality of which is centered guides the hinge blades, remains constant.

According to a particular distinctive feature of the invention, the angle of the conical surface formed by the first annular protrusion is essentially identical to the angle of the conical surface formed by the second annular protrusion. In addition, the angle of the conical surface formed by the annular projections is in the range from 30° to 60° and preferably 45°. Under these conditions, the average diameter of the conical annular projections essentially equal to the longitudinal distance between them.

According to another distinctive feature of the invention, the sleeve further comprises means for preventing its rotation in a recess in the ring.

Such means for preventing rotation can be in the form of at least one projection on the tubular body of the sleeve between the annular protrusions, and the protrusion forms an essentially flat surface for engagement with the corresponding surface of the recess in the ring, in which the sleeve.

Alternatively, the conical annular protrusions may have at least one essentially longitudinal external extension for interacting with the element to prevent rotation of the sleeve in the recess in the ring.

According to another variant, one of the conical annular projections may include a plate for the prevention of rotation, having at least one surface for establishing an essentially flat contact with the corresponding surface of the plate to prevent rotation of the adjacent sleeve.

Tubular body and one of the conical annular projections of the sleeve may constitute two separate pieces to allow installation of the bushing in the recess.

According to another distinctive feature of the invention, the sleeve may be made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion that differs from the coefficient of thermal expansion of the ring, which establish the sleeve.

According to the present invention also created the ring of the turbomachine, containing a number of slots, each of which is designed to accommodate the guide hinge blades with adjustable installation angle, and many of the above-described sleeves.

In addition, according to the present invention also created the compressor of the turbomachine and turbomachine, containing at least one of the above ring.

Other distinctive features and advantages of the present invention will become clear after reading the following description given with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a non-limiting variant of the invention and in which:

Figure 1 is a view in cross section of the sleeve according to the about to the invention in the place of its operation;

Figure 2 is a perspective view with exploded parts of the sleeve with Figure 1;

Figa and 3B is a partial types of bushings, which represent examples of embodiments of the invention;

4 is a perspective view of the sleeve according to the invention, having means to prevent its rotation; and

Figure 5-8 - types in perspective of part of the ring, provided with bushings according to other variants of the invention.

As shown in figure 1, the blade 2 with adjustable installation angle of the high-pressure compressor of the turbomachine distributed on the ring steps, centered on the longitudinal axis x-X of the turbomachine, and they are located between the two stages of moving blades (not shown)which are affixed to the rotor of the turbomachine.

Each vane 2 with adjustable angle ring stage passes along the major axis Y-Y, which runs in the radial direction relative to the longitudinal axis x-X of the turbomachine. The blade 2 has an aerodynamic profile 4, ending at the outer radius of the end (or head of the scapula) in the control hinge 6 (or top hinge) and the inner radius of the end of the shank blades) in the guiding hinge 8 (or lower hinge).

Managing the hinge 6 of the blade 2 with adjustable angle, centered on the main axis Y-Y, passes through the annular body 10 of the stator turbomag the ins and interacts with the control element to change the setting angle of the blades. More precisely, the control hinge 6 of each blade 2 is radially outward from the housing 10 of the stator and end with a head 12 to which is attached one end of a control rod 14, while the other end of the rod interacts with the control ring 16, which is centered on the longitudinal axis x-X of the turbomachine.

Rod 14 and the control ring 16 form an element for regulating the angle of the blades. Rotation of the control ring 16 around the longitudinal axis x-X of the turbomachine can be used to rotate the control rod 14 and, thus, simultaneously changing the angle of all the blades 2 adjustable installation angle in this stage high-pressure compressor.

The guide hinge 8 of the blade 2 with adjustable angle, centered on the main axis Y-Y, is made to rotate inside the hollow sleeve 18.

Each sleeve 18 is installed in the recess 20 formed in the inner ring 22 of the high-pressure compressor of the turbomachine, which is centered on the longitudinal axis x-X of the turbomachine, and the sleeve and the recess are essentially conjugated form.

In addition, around each guide hinge 8 of the blade 2 can be firmly planted additional sleeve (not shown in the drawings)forming the cuff. This additional sleeve, for example, essentially cylindrical form h is located between the guide hinge blades and hub. It serves to prevent premature wear of the bushing.

As shown in figure 2, the sleeve 18 has an essentially tubular body 24 with the longitudinal axis Z-Z to host the guide hinge 8 of the scapula.

According to the invention, the tubular body 24 of the sleeve 18 is supplied located at one end of the first conical annular ledge or flange) 26 and located at the opposite end of the second tapered annular ledge 28, and the corresponding conical surface formed by the first and second annular projections facing each other.

Thus, the conical annular projections 26, 28 are radially outward from the tubular body 24 about its longitudinal axis Z-Z. the Conical annular projections 26, 28 are essentially the same average diametersdand the average longitudinal height between them are marked ash.

As described above, the recess 20 in which is mounted a sleeve 18 has a shape essentially mating with the shape of the sleeve, that is, it has a Central hole for passage of the tubular body 24 of the sleeve and two tapered surfaces that rest against the conical annular projections sleeve.

Sleeve 18 according to the invention and the inner ring 22, in which establish the sleeve may be made from materials having different coefficients of thermal model is. For example, the sleeve may be made of steel, and the inner ring is made of aluminum.

To ensure installation of the sleeve 18 in its recess in the ring tubular body 24 of the sleeve and one of the conical annular projections may be made in the form of two separate parts, as shown in figure 1 and 2 (these drawings separate conical annular ledge is the second tapered annular ledge 28). In this case, when the tubular body 24 of the sleeve is installed in the recess, the annular ledge set into place around the tubular body and then attach an appropriate tool (by swaging, welding, screwed, etc.).

The angles of the conical surfaces formed, respectively, the first conical annular ledge 26 and the second tapered annular ledge 28 is essentially identical. This angle, measured relative to the plane perpendicular to the tubular body of the sleeve (i.e. with respect to a plane perpendicular to its longitudinal axis)preferably is in the range from 30° to 60° and preferably 45°.

On Figa and 3B illustrates the Foundation of the selection of the angle of inclination of the conical surface formed by the annular projections of the sleeve.

In the example shown in Figa, the average diameter d1 of the annular protrusions 26 and 28 of the sleeve 18 is chosen so that h is about he is essentially identical to the longitudinal distance h1 between them.

On the basis of such a choice, to ensure that any bias movement due to expansion δd1 of the diameter of the ring 22 relative to the sleeve 18 is compensated by the offset due to the increased height δh1 rings, it is necessary that the angle θ1 of inclination of the conical surfaces formed annular projections 26 and 28, was 45°.

In the example shown in Figv, the average diameter d2 of the annular protrusions 26 and 28 of the sleeve 18 is selected so that it is more longitudinal distance h2 between them.

Therefore, to ensure that any bias movement due to expansion δd2 of the diameter of the ring 22 relative to the sleeve 18 is compensated by the shifting movement due to the increase δh2 height rings, it is necessary that the angle θ2 of inclination of the conical surfaces formed annular projections 26 and 28, was less than 45°.

Thus, the value chosen for the angle of inclination of the conical surface formed by the annular projections of the sleeve depends on the ratio between the diameter of thedannular projections of the sleeve and the longitudinal distancehbetween them.

According to a preferential distinctive features of the invention, the sleeve 18 further comprises means to prevent its rotation in the recess 20 of the ring 22, in which the sleeve. Such means for preventing rotation of the sleeve in the recess can bitmapand different ways.

Thus, in an embodiment such means is shown in Figure 4, the tubular body 24 of the sleeve 18 includes located between the conical annular projections 26, 28 lug 30, which forms at least one essentially flat surface 31 for engagement with a corresponding surface of the recess in the ring, which establish the sleeve.

More precisely, the tubular body 24 of the sleeve 18 has four flat and rectangular surface 31, the protruding radially outward from the tubular housing relative to its longitudinal axis Z-Z. These rectangular surface 31 interact with the corresponding rectangular surfaces formed in the recess of the ring.

In an embodiment, the means for preventing rotation shown in Figure 5 and 6, one of the conical annular projections (in this case, the second annular ledge 28) has at least one external extension 32, acting along the longitudinal axis Z-Z of each sleeve. This is an external extension is intended to interact with the element 34, 34' to prevent rotation of the sleeve 18 in the recess 20 in the ring 22.

More precisely, the external extension 32 of each conical annular ledge bushings provided with a groove or slot, which runs tangentially relative to the longitudinal axis of the turbomachine. The bushings 18 in educated them in the slots in the made of the Hoop 34, 34' with essentially rectangular direct-section. The Hoop 34, 34' prevents rotation of the sleeves in their hollows.

To ensure you install the bushings Hoop 34, 34' to prevent rotation has a slit. Thus, in the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 5, the Hoop 34 to prevent rotation has a gap 38 between the two free ends. This variant of the invention, in this case, requires the extension 40 to prevent rotation of the Hoop 34, so that the gap 38 is not aligned with one of the sleeves 18 with the risk of disconnection of the Hoop.

As an option (see Fig.6), the Hoop 34' to prevent rotation may be provided with spaced at its two free ends of the extensions 42 direct-section that is smaller than the cross-section Hoop, spaced so that they overlap each other when the Hoop is mounted on the bushings 18. Thus, when it is installed, Hoop 34' to prevent rotation has no open rupture. In the result there is no need to use extension to prevent rotation of the Hoop. In addition, no open rupture increases the mechanical strength of the Hoop to prevent rotation.

7 and 8 show other embodiments of the means for preventing rotation of the sleeves in their grooves in the ring.

In these embodiments, the rotation of the sleeves 18 and the notches in the ring 22 is prevented by the mutual occurrence in the engagement between the sleeves, rather than individually for each sleeve.

To do this, one of the conical annular projections 26, 28 of the sleeve 18 includes a plate 44, 46 to prevent rotation, having at least one surface 48, 50 to establish essentially flat contact with the corresponding surface 48, 50 plates 44, 46 to prevent rotation of the adjacent sleeve. Plate 44, 46 to prevent rotation can be made in one piece with the conical annular ledge 26, 28 of the sleeve.

Shown in Fig.7. the plate 44 to prevent rotation has an essentially rectangular shape. Similarly, in the variant shown in Fig, the plate 46 to prevent rotation also has an essentially rectangular shape, but it also has a tongue 46a, which is inserted in the corresponding notch 46b in the plate 46 adjacent the sleeve. The presence of a tongue which is inserted into the slot, serves to increase the area of contact of flat surfaces 50, which thus enhances the effect of preventing rotation.

Compared to option execution means to prevent rotation of the sleeve described with reference to Figure 4, the use of the plates provides the advantage of eliminating the phenomenon of knock when the ring in which you installed the bushings, made of lightweight material (e.g. aluminum). Thanks nalitch the Yu plates to prevent rotation of the sleeve do not rest on the ring (strength emphasis attached between the plates of the adjacent bushings).

Of course, you can consider other forms in the manufacture of the plates to prevent rotation. In particular, the plate may have a shape adapted to reduce their weight.

1. Sleeve joint for the shoulder blades with adjustable installation angle of the turbomachine that is installed in the recess in the ring are measured, and the shape of the recess is essentially corresponds to the shape of the sleeve, and the sleeve contains essentially tubular housing around the longitudinal axis, wherein the tubular body of the sleeve is located on one end of the first conical annular protrusion and located at the opposite end of the second tapered annular ledge, with the conical surface formed by the first and second annular projections facing each other, and the sleeve further comprises means for preventing its rotation in a recess in the ring, which contain plate having at least one surface for establishing an essentially flat contact with the corresponding surface of the plate to prevent rotation of the adjacent sleeve.

2. The sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the conical surface formed by the first annular protrusion is essentially identical to the angle of the conical surface formed by the second annular ledge.

3. The sleeve according to claim 2, characterized in, is the angle of inclination of the conical surfaces, educated annular projections is in the range from 30 to 60°.

4. The sleeve according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the conical surface formed by the annular projections, is 45°.

5. The sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that the average diameter of the conical annular projections essentially equal to the longitudinal distance between them.

6. The sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for preventing its rotation in a recess in the ring contain located between the conical annular projections, at least one protrusion, forming essentially a flat surface for engagement with the corresponding surface of the recess in the ring, which establish the sleeve to prevent rotation of the sleeve in the hollow.

7. The sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that the conical annular protrusions protrude radially outward from the tubular housing relative to its longitudinal axis.

8. The sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve is made from a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion that differs from the coefficient of thermal expansion of the ring, which establish the sleeve.

9. The sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular casing and one of the conical annular projections represent two separate parts.

10. Ring turbomachine, containing a number of slots, each of which is rednaznachena to accommodate the guide hinge blades with adjustable angle, characterized in that it additionally contains many of the bushing according to claim 1, each of which is installed in a corresponding one of the specified fill.

11. The compressor of the turbomachine, characterized in that it contains at least one ring of claim 10.

12. Turbomachine, characterized in that it contains at least one ring of claim 10.