Antiwear device for guide roller of blade with variable setting angle in compressor of gas-turbine engine, compressor of gas-turbine engine and gas-turbine engine

IPC classes for russian patent Antiwear device for guide roller of blade with variable setting angle in compressor of gas-turbine engine, compressor of gas-turbine engine and gas-turbine engine (RU 2420662):

F04D29/56 - adjustable

F01D9/02 - Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits

F01D17/16 - by means of nozzle vanes

Another patents in same IPC classes:

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Turbo machine includes annular combustion chamber with internal and external walls made from composite material with ceramic matrix, and nozzle assembly of high pressure turbine, which is rigidly attached to rear edge of combustion chamber. Nozzle assembly of high pressure turbine includes wings of guide blades, which are located between internal wall and external wall of annular channel of gas flows coming from combustion chamber through nozzle assembly. Rear edges of internal and external walls of combustion chamber are continued to rear edge of nozzle assembly and form internal wall and external wall of annular channel of gas flow though nozzle assembly. Wings of guide blades are made from composite material with ceramic matrix and attached by applying the method of brazing to walls of annular combustion chamber.

Stator blade with alternate angle of assembly, gas turbine motor with such blade and procedure for repair of such blade / 2416725

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: blade with variable setting angle for compressor of gas-turbine engine includes sleeve installed with possibility of rotation around guide roller of blade and intended for installation into housing of turbo machine. Connection between sleeve and guide roller is performed by a pair of nickel graphite/titanium; at that, guide roller consists of material on the basis of titanium, and sleeve is made from material on the basis of nickel and graphite. Sleeve has been made by agglomeration of powder on the basis of nickel and graphite. Other inventions of the group refer to gas-turbine engine and its compressor including the above blades with variable setting angle.

EFFECT: higher wear resistance of friction pair and lower friction coefficient.

4 cl, 2 dwg

The present invention relates to blades having a variable angle. It finds application in the field of aircraft construction, in particular, to control the angular positions of the guide vanes, which regulates the flow of incoming air in compressors of gas turbine engines.

The high pressure compressor of the gas turbine engine usually consists of several stages of blades with variable angle, which allow you to change the parameters of the gas flow depending on the mode of operation of the turbomachine.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a blade with a variable angle of installation for compressor gas turbine engine disclosed in the publication EN 38861 U1. The blade according to this document contains a sleeve mounted for rotation around a guide roller blades, designed for mounting in the housing of the turbomachine. Flexible connection between the bushing and the guide roller is a pair of type Nickel/titanium.

Blades with a variable angle, the same steps include managing each top roller and a guide roller at the bottom, and managing the roller passes through the stator housing of the turbomachine and interacts with the control device, the orientation of the blades and the guide roller can rotate in the liners is e, located in the notch of the inner ring body are measured. Acting on the control device can thus change the orientation of the blades at the corresponding level.

Blades with a variable angle positioned, thus, with a single degree of freedom - rotation guide them roll in the sleeve. Sleeves must, therefore, pass the inner ring housing efforts that affect the blade, and to provide friction with the guide roller blades, in other words, they must have a low coefficient of friction and high wear resistance.

To satisfy these requirements, for the case where guide rollers blades with adjustable angle, made of steel, there is a method of manufacturing bushings of the material based on graphite. However, in modern turbomachines blades with a variable angle are subjected to considerable mechanical stress, resulting in premature wear their guide roller. Blades should be replaced after only a few thousand hours, which is unacceptable for economic reasons.

The present invention is to remedy these disadvantages and to develop the shoulders and sleeves, providing a low coefficient of TREN is I and high wear resistance.

This problem is solved by providing the blades with a variable angle for the compressor of a gas turbine engine containing a sleeve mounted for rotation around a guide roller blades, designed for mounting in the housing of the turbomachine, with flexible connection between the bushing and the guide roller is a pair of type Nickel graphite/titanium, and the guide roller is made of a material based on titanium, and the sleeve is made of a material based on Nickel and graphite.

The applicant has found that during prolonged friction graphite works as a solid lubricant, while providing a relatively low coefficient of friction, and that friction of graphite titanium leads to the formation of titanium carbide at the peaks of the roughness, which in turn provides a high resistance to wear between the bushing and the guide roller blades. This increases the service life of the blades and, in particular, their grounds.

One can imagine numerous ways of carrying out the invention. According to one way of carrying out the invention, when the guide roller is made of a material based on titanium, the sleeve is made of a material based on Nickel and graphite. In this case, the sleeve can be obtained by sintering in powder form based on Nickel and graphy is A.

According to another variant embodiment of the invention, when the guide roller does not consist of material based on titanium, specified the guide roller is covered with a Nickel-graphite layer, and the sleeve is made of a material based on titanium.

Alternatively, for the case when the guide roller does not consist of a metallic material based on titanium, the blade may further include a metal cage, covered with a layer of Nickel-graphite and mounted on the guide roller sleeve is composed in this case of a material based on titanium.

According to another alternative, for the case when the guide roller does not consist of material based on titanium, the blade may further include a holder consisting of a material based on Nickel and graphite and mounted on the guide roller sleeve is composed in this case of a material based on titanium.

In any embodiment of the invention the layer of the Nickel-graphite can be obtained by thermal spraying powder on the basis of Nickel and graphite.

The object of the invention is the gas turbine compressor and gas turbine engine that includes a set of blades with variable angle, such as were described above.

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be idny from the following description, given with reference to the accompanying figures of the drawings, which illustrate an example embodiment of the invention permissive nature, including:

Figure 1 is a view in section of the blade with changeable angle of the installation according to the invention; and

Figure 2 is a partial view in section of the blade tiltable installation according to one of embodiments of the invention.

With reference to figure 1, the blade 2 with a variable angle in the high-pressure compressor of the turbomachine placed in the annular steps located between the two stages of rotor blades (not shown)which are affixed to the rotor (not shown) of the turbomachine.

Each vane 2 with a variable angle of one of the ring levels has the form of the blade 4, ending at the outer radial end (or head of the scapula) control roller 6 or the upper roller) and on the inner radial end (or the base of the blade) guide roller 8 (or lower roller).

Managing roller 6 passes through the housing 10 of the stator of the turbomachine and communicates with the body control the position of the blades. For this purpose, managing the platen 6 ends with a head 12, which is the end of the control lever 14, the other end of which communicates with the control ring 16.

The levers 14 and the control ring 16 form of the device the STV control the position of the blades. Rotation of the control ring 16 around the axis of the turbomachine allows you to rotate the control levers 14 and, thus, to simultaneously change the position of all the blades 2 with a variable angle in the same stage high-pressure compressor.

The guide roller 8 blades is designed so that he could turn inside almost hollow cylindrical sleeve 18, forming a swivel bearing. Each sleeve 18 is located in a recess 20 formed in the inner ring 22 of the casing of the turbomachine, and the sleeve and the recess are almost complementary form.

According to the invention is a sliding connection between the bushing 18 and the guide roller 8 blades is a contact-type Nickel-graphite/titanium.

Under the contact-type Nickel-graphite/titanium assumes that the movable connection between the bushing 18 and the guide roller 8 blades includes a first contact surface and second contact surface adjacent to the first, and the first surface consists of a material based on Nickel and graphite, and the second surface consists of a material based on titanium.

In conditions of long-term flexible connection between the bushing and the guide roller pair Nickel-graphite/titanium shows exceptional performance thanks to its high snooty the spine and low coefficient of friction.

Indeed, a flexible connection between the bushing and the guide roller passes through the stage of lapping, which is characterized by an initial friction between the peaks of the surface roughness NiGr and Ti. This friction causes a very strong local heating, especially for titanium (which has a low coefficient of thermal conductivity). Very high temperature titanium is in close proximity to NiGr, leads to the formation of titanium carbide (TiC), which is deposited on the contact surfaces between the bushing and the guide roller, thus providing a local increase in hardness, which limits the wear of the contact surfaces.

Comparative tests for different pairs under the same conditions and duration of friction. The following table summarizes the results obtained (unit observed wear arbitrary).

	Wear NiGr	Wear antagonist
Pair NiGr/Waspalloy®	0,9	1
Pair NiGr/TA6V	0,1	0,1

Alloy Waspalloy®, used in the first pair of this test, is known for the nd-based alloy of Nickel. As for titanium TA6V used in the pair of the second test, we are talking about the known alloy based on titanium containing aluminum and vanadium.

From these tests it is possible, therefore, to conclude that contact between a surface of the bushing and the guide roller blades are worn very slightly (wear a 9-10 times less than for a couple NiGr/Waspalloy®).

Several options for the use of such pairs of Nickel-graphite/titanium possible for the present invention depending on the material used for the manufacture of blades and the guide roller.

Thus, when the guide roller 8 blades made of a material based on titanium sleeve 18 in accordance with the invention consists of a material based on Nickel and graphite.

In this embodiment, the sleeve can be obtained by sintering in powder form based on Nickel and graphite. An example of such a method of sintering called MIM (from the English "Métal Injection Molding"): it is to pump the powder on the basis of Nickel and graphite with an organic binder in the form, and then, when the sleeve is formed, by chemical means to remove the organic binder. Another example of this method of sintering called SPS (Spark Plasma Sintering"): in it, compared to other methods of sintering, used by the heat source, t is aetsa electric current, passing through the pressing chamber (which allows to obtain high heating rate).

When the guide roller 8 of the blade is not made of material based on titanium, (for example, because it is made from an alloy based on steel), the guide roller may be covered, in accordance with the invention, the layer of the Nickel-graphite and the sleeve 18 is in this case made of a material based on titanium.

The layer of the Nickel-graphite on guide roller blades can be obtained by thermal spraying powder on the basis of Nickel and graphite. For this purpose, preferably the use of the screen, so that the angle between the trajectory of the sprayed powder and the tangent to the roller at the point of impact would be approximately less than 45°, which is required to ensure sufficient adhesion of the powder with cushion.

According to the solution shown in figure 2, for the case when the guide roller 8 does not consist of a metallic material based on titanium, blade according to the invention further comprises a metal ferrule 24, which is covered with a layer of Nickel-graphite and mounted on the guide roller, and sleeve 18 is made in this case from a material based on titanium.

In this mode of implementation, the layer of the Nickel-graphite on a holder 24 of the scapula can be caused by thermal spraying powder on the basis of Nickel and graphite. For this purpose and preferably the use of the screen, to the angle between the trajectory of the sprayed powder and tangent to the holder at the point of impact was approximately less than 45°, which is required to ensure sufficient adhesion of the powder with the yoke.

According to another alternative solution, not shown in figures, for the case when the guide roller 8 does not consist of a metallic material based on titanium, blade according to the invention further comprises a yoke consisting of a material based on Nickel and graphite and mounted on the guide roller sleeve is made in this case from a material based on titanium.

In this case, the holder is preferably obtained by sintering in powder form based on Nickel and graphite according to one of the previously described methods MIM or SPS.

1. Shovel with changeable angle of installation for compressor gas turbine engine containing a sleeve mounted for rotation around a guide roller blades, designed for mounting in the housing of the turbomachine, wherein the movable connection between the bushing and the guide roller is a pair of type Nickel graphite/titanium, and the guide roller is made of a material based on titanium, and the sleeve is made of a material based on Nickel and graphite.

2. The blade according to claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve is received potemkine in powder form based on Nickel and graphite.

3. The compressor of the gas turbine engine, characterized in that it includes a set of blades with variable angle according to claim 1 or 2.

4. Gas turbine engine, characterized in that it includes a set of blades with variable angle according to claim 1 or 2.