Multilayer bottom of the reservoir for the high-temperature processing of food products and method ot its production |
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IPC classes for russian patent Multilayer bottom of the reservoir for the high-temperature processing of food products and method ot its production (RU 2442521):
     
 Method of tube shells plating by explosion welding / 2433025
Invention may be used for production of multilayer tube shells by explosion welding. The plated shell is installed in a massive matrix. Plastic material is installed between the external surface of the plated shell and the inner surface of the massive matrix. The plating shell is installed with a gap inside the plated shell, and an electric hydraulic generator is installed inside to develop impact waves. The generator comprises electrodes installed in a tight cylindrical body insulated along its inner surface and filled with fluid, in walls of which there are cumulative grooves with lining provided in them. Impact waves in the fluid are produced by development of a pulse high-voltage electric discharge between the electrodes. The plating and plated shells are exposed to cumulative jets formed by displacement of lining of cumulative grooves under action of impact waves.
 Explosion welding procedure for production of items with internal cavities / 2425740
Central cavity forming element removed after explosion welding is made of brittle material crushed at explosion. Ratio of thickness of its wall to thickness of walls of cavity forming elements adjacent to it is (4-10):1. Explosion welding is performed at specified rate of detonation of explosive substance and rate of collision of a tubular casing with cavity forming elements. As brittle material there is used glass. As corrosion-resistant metal with low heat conductivity for fabrication of a tubular casing there is used austenite stainless steel.
 Explosion welding procedure for production of cylinder composite items with internal cavities / 2425739
Central cavity forming element removed after explosion welding is made of brittle material, particularly, glass, crushed at explosion. There is chosen ratio between thickness of its wall and thickness of walls adjacent to walls of cavity forming elements. A tubular casing is made of corrosion resistant-metal with reduced heat conductivity, for example, of titanium. A tubular intermediate layer of metal of reduced heat conductivity, for example austenite steel, is inserted between the tubular casing and a pipe bundle. Upon explosion welding between titanium and steel there is formed a heat protecting layer of reduced heat conductivity by thermal treatment.
 Method of producing composite articles with inner cavities by explosion welding / 2424883
Invention may be used for production of articles with inner cavities, for examples, heat exchangers, chemical equipment etc. Thickness of article wall is selected related to that of adjacent pipe bundle walls. Tubular shell is made from antirust lower heat conductivity metal, for example titanium. Tubular interlayer from lower heat conductivity metal, for example, austenite steel is arranged between tubular shell and pipe bundle. Explosion welding is carried out at preset explosive detonation rate, rate of collision between shell and interlayer and that between tubular shell and cavity-forming elements.
 Method of producing clad metal sheet / 2421312
Invention relates to metallurgy and may be used in production of large-size bimetal sheets or plates from different metals. First, contact surfaces are ground to metallic appearance and stack is assembled from, at least one layer of main metal and one layer of clad metal. Then, said layers are blast-welded together with the stack relative deformation of 1.3 to 12%. Produced workpiece is hot rolled to produce clad sheet with preset thickness. Preferable, chamfer is cut on one face of clad layer for it to enter the main layer after blast welding. Prior to stack heating and rolling, line of joint may be reinforced by welding.
 Method of producing large-size bimetal sheets by explosion welding / 2417868
Invention may be used in producing large-size bimetal sheets of rustproof bimetal for chemical, nuclear and oil-and-gas industries. Clad throwing plate is arranged on plate to be cladded with welding gap. Wedge-like inert-material intermediate element is arranged between explosive charge and throwing plate, element specific weight-to-throwing plate specific rate ratio makes 0.009-0.6. Said intermediate element with explosive charge is placed inside container that features invariable wall height equal to explosive charge initial height so that linear reduction in charge height over throwing plate length to 3/4 of its initial height is allowed for. Wedge-like inert-material intermediate element length may be less than that of throwing plate by value not exceeding ten-fold value of explosive charge initial height but smaller than 1/3 of throwing plate length.
 Method of blast cladding of metal cylindrical billet end face surface / 2412033
Invention may be used in cladding articles with not flat end face surface, particularly, in production of cylindrical bimetal adapters, and electrodes for contact point welding. End face surface 2 of metal billet 5 with cylinder radius rc is made in the form of ball segment (ABC) with ball radius 2rc≤R≤14.33rc, ball segment base radius equal to that of processed cylindrical billet rc and ball segment height 0.0344rc≤h≤0.268rc. To initiate wave-forming mechanism, ledge is produced on ball segment apex with height equal to wave amplitude and diametre equal to half-period of wave formed in blast welding of sheet billets of the given pair of metals. Proposed method allows cladding several various-metal billets by single sheet with varying machining of end face surfaces to be cladded to parametres R and h with above specified limits, and using one charge of explosive.
 Method of producing composite material / 2407640
Invention relates to method of fabricating laminar composite materials using blast processes, namely, the materials that feature high structural limit and coefficient of elasticity, and can be used in machine building, aircraft and aerospace engineering, and other industrial branches.
 Method of producing composite materials using explosives power / 2404035
Invention can be used for processing the materials by explosives power to produce composite materials in the form of cylinders, pipes and tubular adaptors operated at increased mechanical loads, temperatures and radioactive radiation. Spiral interlayer 3 coiled from sheet with turns 4 is arranged between cylindrical hollow billets 1 and 2. Gaps 5 between spiral surfaces, gaps 7 between spiral interlayer 3 and tubular billet 2, and gaps 6 between spiral interlayer 3 and cylindrical biller 1 are filled with powder materials 11. Described assembly is fitted on mandrel 8 and plugged by top and bottom plugs 9, 12. Explosive charge 13 is arranged around said assembly to be initiated by detonator 14. Blast brings about compaction of powder material and its binding with spiral interlayer and cylindrical billets.
 Method for production of composite aluminium-nickel articles with inner cavity by means of explosion welding / 2399471
Invention may be used to manufacture, for instance heat protection screens, parts of thermal and chemical equipment, heat controllers, etc. Packet is made of four metal layers with arrangement of identical nickel plates between aluminium plates with specified ratio of aluminium and nickel layers thickness. Previously layers of anti-welding substance, such as ultrahigh molecular polyethylene, are applied onto upper surface of lower nickel plate. Explosion welding of packet is carried out while speed of explosive charge detonation makes 2200-2770 m/s and speeds of welded plates collision are controlled. Welded stock is thermally treated, and inner cavities are formed by means of hydraulic pressure. Annealing is carried out to form solid diffusion heat protective intermetallide layers with cooling on air.
 Container for food preparation with means of temperature indication / 2350245
Invention relates to the container for food preparation with means of temperature indication. The container for food preparation contains structural components located outside of the main casing of the container. Detachable label with covering containing thermal chromatic pigments is applied to the components. Also the labels are detachable, have different configuration at that different temperature sensibility of the pigments corresponds to each of these configurations.
 Improved frying pan / 2345695
Improved frying pan has reservoir for oil collection separated from area of food products frying by grid, which is movable and detachable to make it possible to clean internal side of specified reservoir. Grid has upper area with openings of larger diameter and lower area with smaller diameter openings that act as filter of admixtures. Frying pan has mark that indicates maximum level of oil, which may be held by reservoir.
Replaceable filtering holder for pan / 2322169
Invention relates to appliance for pan designed to protect range, kitchen room and utensils and also personnel working in kitchen from boiling fat sprays. Proposed replaceable filtering holder for pan consists of three perforated disks interconnected over edges by ring gaskets providing required air gap between disks. Perforation of disks is made in form of round holes arranged in rows with intervals between rows equal to diameter of holes. Disks are installed so that rows of holes in all three disks are parallel to each other. Rows of holes in first and third disk coincide in vertical, and rows of holes is second disk are displaced relative to the latter through value of interval. Disks and ring gaskets are made of corrugated cardboard. One of sides of all three disks is covered with aluminum foil. Foiled surfaces are pointed to one side, and nonfoiled surfaces, to opposite side. Filter made on nonwoven synthetic material impregnated with activated carbon is placed in one of clearances between two adjacent disks.
 Closure for frying pan / 2264152
Closure for frying pan has casing and handle. Openings provided in upper part of casing are extending from casing center to its peripheral parts. Closure is equipped with one or more blades, which are fixed at an angle to casing thereon by means of pivot joint so as to define an angle with frying pan bottom. Blade is provided with shank abutting against casing for ensuring predetermined angle of inclination. In order to change position of blades relative to casing and, correspondingly, position of frying pan, closure may be provided with control device adapted for wedging of blade relative to casing. One of versions of said control device is wedge which may be fixed on arm rotating relative to axis of handle, said wedge being driven by means of lever rigidly connected to wedge. Any device identical to wedge may be used provided that said device has cylindrical or spherical working surface.
 Method of frying food and the device for its implementation / 2134529
The invention relates to the preparation of food, for example, pan predominantly coated with non-stick coating
 Kit for the preparation of food / 2055513
The invention relates to light industry, in particular for appliances for heat treatment of food products
 Device for two-sided frying / 2045927
'electric pen' "clever" / 2036599
The invention relates to electrical devices commodities, and more particularly to a household napotnik the pans for cooking (frying)
 A device for roasting food / 2021745
The invention relates to equipment for heat treatment, in particular for frying food products and maintain them in the hot condition and can be used at home and at public catering enterprises
Closure for frying pan / 2264152
Closure for frying pan has casing and handle. Openings provided in upper part of casing are extending from casing center to its peripheral parts. Closure is equipped with one or more blades, which are fixed at an angle to casing thereon by means of pivot joint so as to define an angle with frying pan bottom. Blade is provided with shank abutting against casing for ensuring predetermined angle of inclination. In order to change position of blades relative to casing and, correspondingly, position of frying pan, closure may be provided with control device adapted for wedging of blade relative to casing. One of versions of said control device is wedge which may be fixed on arm rotating relative to axis of handle, said wedge being driven by means of lever rigidly connected to wedge. Any device identical to wedge may be used provided that said device has cylindrical or spherical working surface.
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FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: multilayer bottom of the reservoir is used in the production of the dishware for high-temperature processing of food products. The bottom consists of two fixedly connected layers made of different materials motonically increasing from the center to the periphery. The contact line is made in the wavelike amplitude and the ratio to the wave length. Besides the maximum wave amplitude doesn't exceed 0,1-0,3 of the thickness of the most thin layer. The method of multilayer bottom production includes the connection of different materials by explosive welding. The driver material is made in the form of asymmetric rotary shell segment which axis is set perpendicularly to the fixed plate. The crowned surface of the shell turns to the fixed plate. Then the materials are connected with the explosive material layer posed on the concave surface of the layer with further activation in the center. Curve radius is defined according to the set ratio: EFFECT: to increase the fatigue limit of the reservoir for the high-temperature processing food products. 2 cl, 3 dwg
The present invention relates to the food industry and can be used for catering and home cooking, for example, heat treatment of food when frying or cooking. Famous bottom in the device for thermal treatment of food products, such as pots and pans [1]. Described device, when the heat treatment is often unevenly heated layers of food, especially adjacent to the bottom, which when heat from the heat source itself is heated unevenly. The result is a decrease in the nutritional value of cooked food due to partial overheating of some areas and insufficient heat treatment of others. The closest to the claimed invention to the technical essence and the resulting effects are layered bottoms in devices for heat treatment of food products and method for their manufacture [2, 3]. These bottoms contain along with structural steel layers at least one fixed under a layer of copper or aluminum, which is partially redistributes heat flow, making the heating of the heating of the ware surface more uniform. However, as the distance normal to the heat source in the center of the bottom is smaller than the periphery, and the conditions of heat transfer everywhere one is the same, it overheated and burnt food in the center is not completely excluded, while its warming up enough on the periphery requires additional heat consumption. The most progressive method of manufacturing such heads is molding them using explosion welding. The known method involves placing between the explosive charge and a welded plate intermediate element from an inert material wedge-shaped with a constant angle of 3 to 20°. This implementation of the method of manufacture allows, within certain limits, to adjust the speed of the point of contact welding, but does not affect the surface characteristics of connected materials, this increases the mass of the charge required to accelerate inert material. To eliminate these disadvantages of the proposed layered the bottom of the tank for thermal treatment of food products, comprising at least two rigidly interconnected layers of dissimilar materials, and the boundary of contact between them is made wave with amplitude and its relation to the wavelength, monotonically increasing from the center to the edges, and the maximum amplitude of the wave does not exceed 0.1-0.3 thickness of the thinnest layer. Made this layered the bottom connection of dissimilar materials welding by explosion, with a welded material perform as axisymmetric segment of a surface of rotation, and the axis it is placed perpendicular to a fixed plate to which pay convex surface of the shell, and connect the material with a layer of explosive is placed on the concave surface of the shell with the subsequent initiation in the center, and the radius of curvature of the shell is determined by the ratio:
where R is the radius of curvature of the shell, α is the angle between the axis and the normal of the shell, r is the distance from the center of the fixed plate to its intersection with the normal, δ - thickness of the shell, λ is the wavelength of the weld at a distance r from the center of the plate, D and U is the velocity of detonation of the explosive and the shell at the intersection of the normal, respectively. The technical effect of the claimed technical solution is achieved that provides more uniform heating of the surface of the bottom facing the processed food. This is achieved by performing the boundary of contact between the individual layers wave with amplitude and its relation to the wavelength, monotonically increasing from the center to the edges. More developed contact surface on the periphery allows more intensively to transfer heat to the surface of the plate that aligns the temperature gradient from the centre to the periphery and provides a uniform PR the grove of all food. This allows you to reduce power consumption. The maximum wave amplitude not exceeding 0.1-0.3 thickness of the most thin layer, helps to ensure consistency of deformation of all of the layers during heating. All this serves to provide the high nutritional value of prepared food, while reducing the consumption of heat. The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated in figure 1, which depicts a top view cross-section of a multilayer bottom on the interface of two layers, figure 2, depicting a cross-section of a layered bottom, and 3 with the layout of the charge and the linked materials. Layered the bottom of the tank for thermal treatment of food products include, for example, two rigidly interconnected layer of heterogeneous materials: a substrate 2 and a welded layer 1, which turns the workpiece 4, made in the form of axisymmetric segment of the shell of revolution under the influence of explosives 5. The boundary of contact between them is made wave 3 with amplitude monotonically increasing from the center to the edges, and the maximum amplitude of the wave does not exceed 0.1-0.3 thickness of the most thin layer. The device operates as follows. The heat source affects the bottom at the geometric center. The heat supplied to the substrate 2, made for example of copper, the spread is applied along the normal, heating the layer 1 in contact with food, and at the same time extends tangentially to the periphery. More advanced surface connection 3 on the periphery provides a more intensive heat transfer that allows you to provide uniform heating of the bottom and respectively in contact with it products. Eliminated overheating of food, and used the heat reaches the optimal quantities. The method of manufacture is illustrated by the following example. Missile material steel 18CR10NITI performed in the shape of an axisymmetric segment of the shell surface of rotation, for example in the form of a spherical shell with a radius of curvature of 500 mm and a thickness of 0.8 mm Shell pay convex side of the stationary disk of copper M1 thickness of 3 mm and a diameter of 250 mm, after which the axis of the shell combined with the axis of the copper disk. On the inner surface of the shell is placed a layer of explosives with a constant thickness of 8 mm and a density of ρ=0.9 g/cm3made of Ammonite IV. The gap between the copper and steel layers in the center of the disc was 1.2 mm, an Initiating charge in the centre of the segment was performed detonating cord DSA. After connection of the metal cut out sections from the bottom in the radial direction and analyzed their surface under a microscope with 103-fold increase. The maximum amplitude of the wavy Lin and connections at the edge of the disc has reached 0.25 mm, and to the center it was decreased to 0.03. When the warm-up made of laminated plate gas burner at the geometric center to 300°C for 3 seconds irregularity in radius does not exceed 3-5%, while the known construction shows similar results in 5-8 seconds warm-up. The tests indicate achievement and a significant increase in the uniformity of heating of the multilayer plate capacity for thermal treatment of food products in comparison with the known structures. Sources of information 1. Equipment public catering enterprises. Elgina E, and others, M., Economics, 1987, p.129-162. 2. The company's catalog Erringen, www.predmeti.ru/luna-p-30.html, 2010. 3. The method of obtaining permanent connections by explosion welding. RF patent №2185942, Atroshchenko AS and other published 27.02.2002. 1. Layered the bottom of the tank for thermal treatment of food products, comprising at least two rigidly interconnected layers of dissimilar materials, characterized in that the boundary of contact between them is made wave with amplitude and its relation to the wavelength, monotonically increasing from the center to the edges, and the maximum amplitude of the wave does not exceed 0.1-0.3 thickness of the most thin layer. 2. A method of manufacturing a multilayer plate according to claim 1, including a connection RA is popular materials by explosion welding, characterized in that the welded material are in the form of axisymmetric segment of the shell of revolution and the axis have perpendicularly fixed plate to which pay convex surface of the shell and connect the material with a layer of explosive is placed on the concave surface of the shell, with the subsequent initiation in the center, and the radius of curvature of the shell is determined by the ratio:
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