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Method for prediction of clinical effectiveness of metformin and/or weight-loss therapy in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome

IPC classes for russian patent Method for prediction of clinical effectiveness of metformin and/or weight-loss therapy in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (RU 2427842):
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Invention relates to new derivatives of benzimidazole represented by the following formula (I) or its salt:

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: patient is examined for an anti-Mueller hormone level. If its value is increased by 1/3 and less from an upper limit of normal, a positive menstrual response to treatment is predicted.

EFFECT: method allows for high-precise prediction of clinical effectiveness of metformin and/or weight loss therapy in PCOS patients, exhibits high sensitivity and specificity.

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The invention relates to medicine, namely to endocrinology and gynecology, and can be used to predict the effectiveness of treatment of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Metformin and/or weight loss.

PCOS is a common endocrine disorder in women, a common cause of anovulatory infertility, oligomenorrhea and hirsutism. According to various sources it occurs in 5-10% of women of reproductive age. In a number of studies have shown that for these women is characterized by more frequent presence of insulin resistance than in the population, regardless of body mass index. Not less than 40% of women with PCOS are obese, and they are more insulinorezistentne than women of similar weight with normal ovarian function.

There is a method of treatment of PCOS in women with excessive weight reducing weight. It helps reduce abdominal fat, insulin resistance and restore normal menstrual function (Moran LJ, Noakes M, Clifton PM, Tomlinson L, Norman RJ. Dietary composition in restoring reproductive and metabolic discrimination in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinal Metab 2003; 88:812-9).

There is a method of treatment of PCOS, including the use of drugs that increase insulin sensitivity, in particular of Metformin. This can help restore normal endocrinological the x and clinical parameters in women with PCOS by reducing insulin secretion (Lord JM, Flight IH, Norman RJ. Metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2003; 327:951). According to many studies, Metformin therapy decreases the level of luteinizing hormone, testosterone, to increase the regularity of the menstrual cycle, the frequency of spontaneous ovulation and pregnancy.

There is a limited number of works which explore possible predictors of the effectiveness of weight loss and Metformin therapy in restoring ovulation.

Known work, in which as prognostic indicators of successful weight loss and Metformin therapy in restoring ovulation described a high level of insulin resistance (Eisenhardt S. Early Effects of Metformin in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Prospective Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Clin Endocrinol &Metab. 2006. Vol.91, No.3, 946-952), insulin, low Androstenedione and less severe menstrual irregularities (Moghetti P, Castello R, Negri C, Tosi F, Perrone F, Caputo M, Zanolin E, Muggeo M 2000 Metformin effects on clinical features, endocrine and metabolic profiles, and insulin sensitivity in polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 6-month trial, followed by open, long-term clinical evaluation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85:139-146).

However, in the known methods there is no quantitative criteria for predicting menstrual response in individual patients.

The technical result achieved by the invention is to improve the accuracy of predicting the effectiveness of treatment Bollnas PCOS Metformin and/or weight loss through the use of quantitative criteria forecasting.

The invention consists in the achievement of the stated technical result in the method for predicting the effectiveness of treatment of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome Metformin and/or weight loss, according to which the patient determine the level antimullerian hormone and increasing by no more than 1/3 from the top border of norm predict positive menstrual response to treatment.

The method is based on the results of the authors conducted a clinical study of the efficiency of weight reduction and/or treatment with Metformin in relation to the menstrual response in women with PCOS.

The study included 38 women with PCOS. The average age of the group was 25±0,8 years, body mass index (BMI) of 27.0±,2 kg/m2(18-39 kg/m2). 12 women had normal weight (BMI 18-24,2 kg/m2average of 20.6±2.2 kg/m2) and received treatment with Metformin (group a). 26 women were overweight or obese (BMI 25-39 kg/m2average of 30.9±4.9 kg/m2). 13 of them were randomized to lifestyle change (group B), but one of them to lose weight have failed, and she was prescribed Metformin. Thirteen other patients in addition to lifestyle modification was assigned to Metformin (group b). Of these four women managed to reduce the weight. Thus was formed a group of 5 women with excess ve the Ohm, received therapy Metformin without changing the weight (group D).

After completion of treatment in patients with PCOS were divided into 2 groups: women, in whom therapy was obtained menstrual response in the form of increasing the number of menstrual cycles, the occurrence of ovulation, pregnancy and women who have not received this response.

Menstrual response was obtained in 21 patients, which accounted for 55% of the entire group with PCOS: 4 women with a regular cycle and chronic anovulation recovered ovulation (3 of them recorded pregnancy) and 17 women (sixteen with oligomenorrhea and one with amenorrhea) increased number of menstrual cycles over 6 months of treatment. In 8 of them appeared ovulation and 3 of them is pregnancy. Just ovulation was observed in 11 patients (29%) and in 6 of them were observed pregnancy (15.8% of all treated women).

Patients responding and not responding to treatment, did not differ significantly on baseline characteristics. In the group of responders and non-response to treatment of women with PCOS are respectively the average age (25.8 vs. 26.7 years), mean BMI (27.8 vs. 28.7 kg/m2), the average waist circumference (88.4 against the 90.8 cm), average hirsute number (9.9 vs. 10.2 points) and the average number of menstrual cycles for 6 months prior to treatment, (2.9 vs. 2.5) were similar. GRU is dust source was not different and the main hormonal parameters.

Only the original share, on which groups significantly differed, was AMG, which was significantly lower in the group of the respondents (6,3±3.4 ng/ml)than non-response to treatment (9,8±4.5 ng/ml), p=0.043.

Was also recruited a control group of 50 healthy women without menstrual disorders and signs of hyperandrogenemia, which determined the level of AMH. The range of standards was adopted interquartile scale values of AMH in the control group. He was 2.28-6,09 ng/ml.

Using discriminate analysis and ROC curves were calculated value AMG with the optimal combination of sensitivity and specificity for predicting menstrual answer. It was 8.1 ng/ml, sensitivity 81,3%, a specificity of 61.5%.

Thus, if the AMH level in the patient is less of 8.1 ng/ml or increased by no more than 1/3 from the top border of norm, it is possible to predict a positive menstrual response to treatment PCOS aimed at reducing insulin resistance through weight loss and/or Metformin.

The method is carried out, for example, as follows.

The patient with PCOS determine the AMH level in the blood, and increase it by no more than 1/3 from the top border of norm predict positive menstrual response to treatment with Metformin and/or weight loss.

The way the illustration is by the following clinical examples.

Example 1. Patient A., 19 years. Complaint: violation of the menstrual cycle (2 of the menstrual cycle for 6 months), overweight since childhood.

Objective: height 170 cm, weight 109,4 kg, body mass index (BMI) of 37.9 kg/m2. Hirsute number 9 points (on a scale Ferriman-Gallwey).

Pelvic ultrasound: the Right ovary 4,2*1,8*2.0 cm, left ovary 2,8*1,5*1.8 cm, each containing more than 12-13 follicles with a diameter up to 9 mm in the scan, anovulation.

According to hormonal tests:

Testosterone total - 2.3 nmol/L.

Globulin that binds sex hormones and 11.8 nmol/L.

Index of free androgens is 19.5%.

Antimullerian hormone - 5,51 ng/ml.

Diagnosis: polycystic ovary syndrome.

The AMH level<8,1 ng/ml allows to predict the effective treatment of weight loss and Metformin.

Treatment: Metformin 850 mg 2 times a day, a low-calorie diet and regular exercise, on the background of what happened on the weight loss of 8 kg

Results: the onset of ovulation and pregnancy.

Example 2. Patient C., 23 years. Complaint: violation of the menstrual cycle (1-2 menstrual cycles a year), excessive hair growth on the face and body, overweight since childhood.

Objectively: Height 158 cm, weight 95 kg, body mass index (BMI) 38 kg/m2. Hirsute number 14 points (on a scale Ferriman-Gallwey).

Pelvic ultrasound: the Right ovary 4,6*2,2*2.0 cm, left ovary 4,8*3,2*1.9 cm, the distance between the m contains more than 15 follicles with a diameter up to 9 mm in the scan.

According to hormonal tests:

Testosterone total - 2.7 nmol/L.

Globulin that binds sex hormones - 33.8 nmol/L.

Index of free androgens - 7,99%.

Antimullerian hormone - 4,19 ng/ml.

Diagnosis: polycystic ovary syndrome.

The AMH level<8,1 ng/ml allows to predict effective treatment for weight loss.

Treatment: low-calorie diet and regular physical activity in the background and then decreased weight 20.5 kg

The result: increasing the number of menstrual cycles to 5 for 6 months.

Example 3. Patient S., aged 22. Complaints: the irregularity of the menstrual cycle (4 menstrual for 6 months), excessive hair growth on the face and body.

Objectively: Height 164 cm, weight 56 kg, body mass index 20,8 kg/m2. Hirsute 10 points (on a scale Ferriman-Gallwey).

Pelvic ultrasound: the Right ovary 4,2*2,2*2.1 cm, left ovary 4,0*2,4*1.8 cm, each containing more than 15 follicles with a diameter up to 9 mm in the scan, anovulation with watchful waiting.

According to hormonal tests:

Testosterone total - 3.0 nmol/L.

Globulin that binds sex hormones of 51.2 nmol/L.

Index of free androgens - 5,9%.

Antimullerian hormone - 6,22 ng/ml.

Diagnosis: polycystic ovary syndrome.

The AMH level<8,1 ng/ml allows to predict the effective treatment of Metformin.

the factors treatment: Metformin 850 mg 2 times a day.

Results: the onset of ovulation and restore regular menstrual cycle.

Example 4. Patient, 26 years.

Complaint: violation of the menstrual cycle with periods of amenorrhea (1-2 menstrual cycles a year), excessive hair growth on the face, chest, the white line of the abdomen.

Objective: height 166 cm, weight 65 kg, body mass index 23.6 kg/m2. Hirsute 13 points (on a scale Ferriman-Gallwey).

Pelvic ultrasound: the Right ovary 4,0*3,6*2.9 cm, left ovary 4,0*3,6*2.0 cm, each containing more than 12 follicles with a diameter up to 9 mm in the scan, anovulation.

According to hormonal tests:

Testosterone total - 3.1 nmol/L.

Globulin that binds sex hormones - 45 nmol/L.

Index of free androgens by 6.9%.

Antimullerian hormone - 13,99 ng/ml.

Diagnosis: polycystic ovary syndrome.

The AMH level>to 8.1 ng/ml does not allow to predict the effective treatment of Metformin.

Treatment: Metformin 850 mg 2 times a day.

The result: the absence of menstruation for 6 months of treatment.

The use of the claimed method allows high accuracy to predict the effectiveness of treatment of patients with PCOS Metformin and/or weight loss through the use of quantitative criteria forecasting. The method has high sensitivity and specificity.

A method for predicting the effectiveness of l the treatment of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome Metformin and/or weight loss, characterized in that the patient determine the level antimullerian hormone and increasing by no more than 1/3 from the top border of norm predict positive menstrual response to treatment.

 

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